Evaluation Of Mechanical Properties Research Articles

Evaluation of Mechanical Properties of Mortar Generated by using Lunar Soil Simulant

This study investigates the mechanical properties of mortar produced using lunar soil simulant, with the aim of assessing its suitability for construction in extraterrestrial habitats. Various tests including fineness test, specific gravity, standard consistency and compressive test were conduct to evaluate the performance of the mortar. Factor such as particle size distribution, binder type, curing conditions and environmental influences were scrutinized to gain comprehensive insights into the material’s suitability for construction purposes. The findings provide insights into the feasibility of utilizing lunar soil simulant based mortar for future space missions and lunar colonization efforts

Mechanical property evaluation of 3D multi-phase cement paste microstructures reconstructed using generative adversarial networks

This study proposes an artificial intelligence based framework for reconstructing the 3D multi-phase cement paste microstructure to evaluate its mechanical properties using simulation. The reconstruction of cement paste microstructures is performed using modified generative adversarial networks (GANs) based on microstructural images from micro-CT. For computational efficiency, 2D microstructures are first reconstructed and then extended to 3D microstructures. The reconstructed microstructures exhibit the same microstructural features as the original microstructures when characterized by probability functions. Mechanical properties such as stiffness and tensile strength are evaluated for the original and reconstructed specimens using a phase-field fracture model, and similar behaviors are observed. The results confirm that the reconstructed virtual microstructures can be used to supplement the real microstructures in evaluating the mechanical properties of 3D multi-phase cement paste. This approach thus provides a critical element of a data-driven approach to correlating its microstructure and properties.

Mechanical property evaluation of 3D multi-phase cement paste microstructures reconstructed using generative adversarial networks

This study proposes an artificial intelligence based framework for reconstructing the 3D multi-phase cement paste microstructure to evaluate its mechanical properties using simulation. The reconstruction of cement paste microstructures is performed using modified generative adversarial networks (GANs) based on microstructural images from micro-CT. For computational efficiency, 2D microstructures are first reconstructed and then extended to 3D microstructures. The reconstructed microstructures exhibit the same microstructural features as the original microstructures when characterized by probability functions. Mechanical properties such as stiffness and tensile strength are evaluated for the original and reconstructed specimens using a phase-field fracture model, and similar behaviors are observed. The results confirm that the reconstructed virtual microstructures can be used to supplement the real microstructures in evaluating the mechanical properties of 3D multi-phase cement paste. This approach thus provides a critical element of a data-driven approach to correlating its microstructure and properties.

Evaluation of structural, electronic, optical, mechanical, and thermodynamic properties of LiXCl3 (X = Sn, Pb) for solar cell applications: first-principles approach

Evaluation of structural, electronic, optical, mechanical, and thermodynamic properties of LiXCl3 (X = Sn, Pb) for solar cell applications: first-principles approach

Fabrication and Evaluation of Mechanical and Tribological Properties of Al-Foam Produced by Powder Metallurgy Route

In the present study, the production of aluminum foam was carried out using the powder metallurgy technique, specifically employing the sintering – dissolution process (SDP). The SDP method, which constitutes a sequential series of four well-defined steps, was employed to achieve the desired foam structure and properties. These steps involved carefully controlling the parameters and conditions throughout the process to ensure successful foam formation. Aluminum powder with a particle size of (1.99 μm) as a raw material was mixed with NaCl with a particle size between (150-425μm) used as a space holder at different ratio (25, 35, 45and 55 wt. %.). Obtained Al-foam with 45% NaCl demonstrated the most optimal structure. Some additives (Mg) added to the powder mixture, it was found that the mechanical and the tribological properties of the produced foam were improved. The introduction of metal’s micro-particles led to a notable enhancement in both compressive stress and micro-hardness, the compressive stress increased substantially from 15.2 MPa to 56.5 MPa for the foam containing 45% NaCl and 45% NaCl + Add., respectively. While the micro-hardness exhibited a noteworthy increase from 51.5 HV to 62.1 HV. Results also showed important reduction in the wear rate from (0.00000155 g/cm) to (0.00000079 g/cm) for the Al-samples of (45% NaCl) and (45% NaCl+ Additive) respectively, the lowest value recorded for the coefficient of friction was (0.15) for (Al-Foam with 45% NaCl + Additive) compare to (0.19) and (0.21) for (Al-foam with 45% NaCl) and (pure Al) respectively at 10 N applied load and 800 rpm.

Evaluation of mechanical, thermal, and morphological properties of novel cellulosic bio-fiber from Licuala grandis peduncle for lightweight biocomposite applications

Evaluation of mechanical, thermal, and morphological properties of novel cellulosic bio-fiber from Licuala grandis peduncle for lightweight biocomposite applications

Evaluation of Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Additively Manufactured Ti-5V-5Mo-5 Al-3 Cr Alloy

Ti-5V-5Mo-5Al-3Cr (Ti-5553) is a near-beta titanium alloy commonly used in aerospace applications. It is currently being explored for additive manufacturing (AM), but the fatigue behavior of this AM alloy needs to be well-understood for adoption. This paper explores the tensile and high-cycle fatigue behavior of laser powder bed (LPBF) manufactured Ti-5553 that has been post-print heat treated with a beta anneal and age (BAA), with a focus on the microstructural evolution and effects of surface roughness and print defects. Fatigue lives of as-LPBF and BAA material are nearly identical and both are far below fatigue lives of conventionally manufactured Ti-5553. As-built samples contain columnar β grains with a [001] texture in the build direction with a negligible fraction of α phase confirmed by electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD). The BAA material contains HCP alpha-phase precipitates: grain boundary α, primary α, and secondary Widmanstätten α. Fatigue samples were printed in the vertical direction and tested with an as-printed and machined surface. Both the as-LPBF and BAA samples exhibit similar fatigue strengths despite their vastly different microstructures. Machined surfaces led to an increase in tensile strength, ductility, and fatigue strength. This work emphasizes the importance of heat treatment and minimization of flaws inherent to AM processing of near-beta Ti-5553.

Evaluation of Thermal and Mechanical Properties of Foamed Phosphogypsum-Based Cementitious Materials for Well Cementing in Hydrate Reservoirs

As detrimental byproduct waste generated during the production of fertilizers, phosphogypsum can be harmlessly treated by producing phosphogypsum-based cementitious materials (PGCs) for offshore well cementing in hydrate reservoirs. To be specific, the excellent mechanical properties of PGCs significantly promote wellbore stability. And the preeminent temperature control performance of PGCs helps to control undesirable gas channeling, increasing the formation stability of natural gas hydrate (NGH) reservoirs. Notably, to further enhance temperature control performance, foaming agents are added to PGCs to increase porosity, which however reduces the compressive strength and increases the risk of wellbore instability. Therefore, the synergetic effect between temperature control performance and mechanical properties should be quantitatively evaluated to enhance the overall performance of foamed PGCs for well cementing in NGH reservoirs. But so far, most existing studies of foamed PGCs are limited to experimental work and ignore the synergetic effect. Motivated by this, we combine experimental work with theoretical work to investigate the correlations between the porosity, temperature control performance, and mechanical properties of foamed PGCs. Specifically, the thermal conductivity and compressive strength of foamed PGCs are accurately determined through experimental measurements, then theoretical models are proposed to make up for the non-repeatability of experiments. The results show that, when the porosity increases from 6% to 70%, the 7 d and 28 d compressive strengths of foamed PGCs respectively decrease from 21.3 MPa to 0.9 MPa and from 23.5 MPa to 1.0 MPa, and the thermal conductivity decreases from 0.33 W·m−1·K−1 to 0.12 W·m−1·K−1. Additionally, an overall performance index evaluation system is established, advancing the application of foamed PGCs for well cementing in NGH reservoirs and promoting the recycling of phosphogypsum.

Research on improving the frost resistance and self-repair performance of limestone calcined clay cement concrete by microcapsules

Limestone calcined clay cement (LC3) concrete has emerged as a pivotal construction material aimed at mitigating carbon emissions and bolstering sustainability. However, LC3 concrete confronts durability challenges in frigid regions attributable to freeze-thaw cycles. Microcapsule self-repair technology, as an innovative paradigm, presents a promising avenue to augment the freeze-thaw resistance and self-repair attributes of LC3 concrete. Within this inquiry, microcapsules containing isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) and encapsulated with microcrystalline wax, ceresine wax, and CaCO3 were synthesized and effectively integrated into LC3 concrete matrices. Freeze-thaw cycle investigations were conducted to juxtapose LC3 concrete specimens with and without microcapsules. The findings evinced that LC3 concrete augmented with microcapsules demonstrated enhanced resistance to freeze-thaw cycles, thereby mitigating mass loss and compressive strength degradation. Microscopic structural analyses, pore size distribution assessments, mechanical property evaluations, impermeability, and ultrasonic waveform analyses of LC3 concrete samples featuring microcapsules corroborated the heightened freeze-thaw resistance, thus fortifying its applicability in rigorous environments. Moreover, deliberate pre-cracking of the concrete surface unveiled the self-repair efficacy of microcapsules, with empirical observations underscoring the prompt crack remediation capabilities of the implemented technology.

Small punch evaluation of mechanical properties for 310S stainless steel considering pre-strain effect

Strain strengthening technology is widely used in practical engineering to increase the allowable stress of materials in pressure vessel manufacturing. Small punch analysis was performed using less material in this study to analyse the influence of pre-strain on the mechanical properties of 310S stainless steel. The results indicated that the material yield strength and ultimate tensile strength increased with pre-strain deformation. Similarly, the small punch characteristic parameters increased owing to the influence of the pre-strain, proving that the small punch test could estimate the evolution of mechanical properties along with pre-strain deformation. Small punch characteristic parameters at different deformation stages were analysed. In addition to the maximum load, small punch parameters at the inflection point were used in the ultimate tensile strength estimation. The small punch deformation features and stress distribution were discussed based on numerical simulations. Finally, an ultimate tensile strength estimation method based on membrane stretching model was proposed. Additionally, the strain hardening parameters considering the effect of pre-strain deformation were discussed.

Mechanical Properties Evaluation Based on the Variable Gradient of Body-Centered-Cubic-Based Lattice Structure Prepared by Laser Powder Bed Fusion

Mechanical Properties Evaluation Based on the Variable Gradient of Body-Centered-Cubic-Based Lattice Structure Prepared by Laser Powder Bed Fusion

Evaluation of mechanical, morphological, and dynamic mechanical properties on basalt/E-glass fiber/epoxy modified with MWCNTs + SiO2 hybrid nanocomposites

Evaluation of mechanical, morphological, and dynamic mechanical properties on basalt/E-glass fiber/epoxy modified with MWCNTs + SiO2 hybrid nanocomposites

Evaluation of Dielectric and Mechanical Properties of LSR Composite Under Thermal Aging

Evaluation of Dielectric and Mechanical Properties of LSR Composite Under Thermal Aging

Probabilistic analysis of homogenized elastic property for resin products fabricated by additive manufacturing based on three-dimensional random field modeling of microstructure

Additive manufacturing (AM) techniques have been used in several fields of science and industry, and fabrication techniques are being updated. For this fact, especially, for industrial use, mechanical property evaluation methodologies for AM products and standards for product quality assessment should also be well established. In this paper, a probabilistic evaluation of the homogenized elastic properties of a resin product fabricated by a material extrusion-based AM technique is attempted by considering the randomness of both material and microscopic geometrical quantities. This AM method fabricates a resin structure by piling up melted resin, and to decrease consumed material and influence of thermal deformation, the inner structure of the fabricated products will include many pores and its geometry is difficult to be well controlled. From this fact, the products will be regarded as a heterogeneous material with complex random microstructure. This will cause difficulty in the evaluation of its apparent material properties and therefore a probabilistic homogenization analysis is attempted for quantitative estimation of the apparent material property in this study. In particular, to investigate probabilistic properties of microscopic geometry, a random field modeling technique is employed for the evaluation of autocorrelation of the microscopic geometrical parameter, and the results of the autocorrelation identified by experimental observation are introduced to the probabilistic homogenization analysis. The two-dimensional or three-dimensional random field modeling is attempted, and the effectiveness of this approach is investigated by comparing it with the experimental result.

Microstructural and mechanical properties evaluation of Calcium and zinc-modified WE43-based nanocomposites through stir casting for biodegradable applications

Magnesium-based alloys and composites have potential as biodegradable materials due to their moderate biodegradability, biocompatibility, and usefulness, but their mechanical strength limits their clinical use. The study synthesised a WE43-based alloy with calcium (Ca) and zinc (Zn), then reinforced it with nano reinforcements (hydroxyapatite, beta-tricalcium phosphate, graphene, and bioglass) through stir casting to create four nanocomposites. The microstructural and mechanical properties were examined to assess Ca and Zn's influence and determine the most effective reinforcement. The result showed that Ca and Zn-modified alloys and all nanocomposite materials have two additional phases, LPSO and Ca2Mg6Zn3, compared to the monolithic WE43 alloy. With the addition of Ca and Zn, S-2 saw significant increases in ultimate tensile strength (UTS), tensile yield strength (TYS), and uniform elongation (U.El), reaching ∼246 MPa, ∼144 MPa, and ∼8 %, respectively, while maintaining an elastic modulus of ∼19 GPa. This resulted in improvements of ∼29 %, ∼25 %, and ∼9 % compared to the as-cast WE43. Graphene-reinforced S-4 demonstrated superior mechanical properties with a UTS of 294 MPa, TYS of 194 MPa, U.El of ∼8 %, and an elastic modulus of 24 GPa, representing increases of ∼52 %, ∼69 %, and 6.05 %, respectively, compared to as-cast WE43. Additionally, S-4 exhibited impressive compressive properties, with an ultimate compressive strength (UCS) of 370 MPa, a compressive yield strength (CYS) of ∼185 MPa, and an U.El of ∼26 %. The bioglass-reinforced nanocomposites had a maximum hardness of 74.8 HV, whereas the as-cast WE43 had a maximum toughness of ∼4 J. These enhancements in mechanical properties are attributed to strengthening processes, including thermal mismatch, orowan, and grain refinement mechanisms. Graphene reinforcement shows promise for biodegradable applications.

Enabling electrical response through piezoelectric particle integration in AA2017-T451 aluminium parts using FSP technology

In the field of structural engineering, the integration of smart materials and structural health monitoring (SHM) has given rise to self-sensing materials (SSM), leading to a paradigm shift in SHM. This paper focuses on the interplay between self-sensing capabilities and the piezoelectric properties of lead zirconate titanate (PZT) and barium titanate (BT) in aluminium components. Leveraging Friction Stir Processing (FSP), the study explores the synthesis and performance of SSMs with embedded piezoelectric particles, potentially transforming structural engineering. The paper highlights FSP as a key methodology for incorporating piezoelectric particles into structural materials, showcasing its potential in developing SSMs with enhanced functionalities. A specific focus is placed on integrating PZT and BT particles into AA2017-T451 aluminium parts using FSP, with metallographic assessments and mechanical property evaluations conducted to analyse particle distribution and concentration. This study shows how BT and PZT particles are incorporated into AA2017-T451 aluminium to create a SSM that responds to external stimuli. Under cyclic loading, the SSMs exhibit a linear load-electrical response correlation, with sensibility increasing at lower frequencies. Metallographic analysis shows homogeneous particle distribution, while PZT induces increased brittleness and brittle fractures. Yield strength remains relatively stable, but ultimate strength decreases post-FSP. Hardness variations indicate weaker bonding with PZT particles. Eddy’scurrent testing aligns with hardness profiles, and sensorial characterization reveals a non-linear frequency-sensibility relationship, showcasing the SSMs’ suitability for low-frequency applications, particularly with PZT embedment.

Bambusa balcooa bamboo-reinforced concrete beams: experimental and FEM investigation for energy-efficient pavement construction.

This study explores the viability of using Bambusa bambos, sourced from Madhya Pradesh, India, as a reinforcement material in continuously reinforced concrete pavement (CRCP) construction, aiming to assess its potential as a sustainable alternative to traditional steel reinforcement. The research encompasses a comprehensive evaluation of physical and mechanical properties, including tensile, compressive, and bending strengths, and a detailed microstructural analysis using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) of Bambusa bambos. The study involved finite element analyses that modeled bamboo-reinforced concrete (BRC) beams, exploring the impact of horizontal and vertical placements of bamboo strips on flexural behavior under bending loads. The analysis aided in observing compressive and tensile stresses generated in concrete and bamboo, with specific FEA results indicating that beams with vertically aligned bamboo strips in both the compression (compressive stress of 16.90MPa for beam B1) and tension zones (tensile stress of 7.22MPa for beam B1) withstand flexural stresses effectively. Additionally, the multi-criteria decision-making approach using the TOPSIS method to rank different beam designs. Key findings obtained from FEA indicate that the vertical alignment of bamboo strips in both the compression and tension zones of the beams is optimally effective in handling flexural stresses.

A spin-polarized DFT analysis of the physical attributes of vacancy ordered Rb2TcCl6 double perovskite for optoelectronic and spintronics

Due to their versatile properties, vacancy-ordered double perovskites offer a wide range of potential uses due to their versatile properties. We have thoroughly examined the physical characteristics of vacancy-ordered Rb2TcCl6 in its cubic phase by employing the spin-polarized computations. The ground state energy and optimum structural parameters are obtained in order to assess the structural stability, which is further validated using the tolerance factor and formation energy values. The ductile character of Rb2TcCl6 is revealed by a comprehensive evaluation of mechanical properties. Vickers hardness factor suggests that Rb2TcCl6 can withstand against pressure-induced disturbance more strongly. A direct bandgap for spin-up is measured up to 2.33 eV, while for spin-dn it is 2.02 eV. According to the magnetic moments of 2.69 μB, Rb2TcCl6 is an attractive material for spintronic devices. A number of optical parameters are determined. For optoelectronic applications, Rb2TcCl6 is an excellent choice due to its strong polarization in the visible and ultraviolet regions, as shown by its optical characteristics.

Microstructure, mechanical, and wear properties evaluation of Al-Cu based composite using RHA as reinforcement

ABSTRACT This study utilised a two-step stir-cast technique to fabricate Aluminium-based composites reinforced with 5% wt Copper (Cu) and varying weight percentages (1–4% wt) of Rice husk ash (RHA). Our work investigated the role of RHA reinforcement on the microstructure, mechanical properties, and wear characteristics of AlCuRHA composite. Characterisation of the composites and fracture surfaces was performed utilising SEM. The hardness and tensile properties were evaluated. Wear was conducted on the composites in dry and wet conditions using H2SO4 as the medium. The microstructure revealed the homogeneous distribution of the RHA within the AlCu matrix. The hardness of reinforced AlCu is enhanced from 54.24 Hv to 122.74 Hv with an increment of RHA reinforcement from 0 to 4%. The Ultimate tensile (UTS) and specific strengths were noted to increase with increased RHA content from 1 to 4% wt. The ductility levels were reduced with the increase in RHA content. The RHA-reinforced AlCu composite exhibits mixed ductile and brittle fracture modes. The composites with RHA exhibited greater wear resistance. Compared to the dry condition, the composites exhibited improved wear resistance in the acidic environment. The composite with 4 wt% RHA exhibited the lowest wear rates regardless of the environment.

Evaluation of microstructure and mechanical properties of aluminium (Al6061)-carbon nanotube (CNT)/coconut shell ash (CSA) composites

Evaluation of microstructure and mechanical properties of aluminium (Al6061)-carbon nanotube (CNT)/coconut shell ash (CSA) composites