Mechanical Properties Of Cotton Research Articles

Mechanical Properties of Cotton and High-Performance Fiber Blended Denim Fabrics for Motorcycle Protective Clothing

Mechanical Properties of Cotton and High-Performance Fiber Blended Denim Fabrics for Motorcycle Protective Clothing

One Pot Facile Synthesis of Self-extinguishable Metal Based Flame Retardant for Cotton Fabric

ABSTRACT An efficient metal-based flame-retardant was prepared for cotton fabric (CF) by a convenient pad-dry-cure method, which involves the consecutive deposition of intumescent containing different combination of ammonium polyphosphate, melamine, pentaerythritol with Copper and Zinc metal ions. We studied different properties like thermal, mechanical, flammability, and laundering durability of treated CF samples. The intumescent-coated CF shows remarkable high-efficiency flame-retardant properties: (1) a self-extinguishing property (5 s) without lateral spreading of flame during the vertical flame test with a lower smoke release character; (2) the limiting oxygen index (LOI) values of coated CF are improved with increasing add-on level. The Zn-based samples exhibited a high limiting oxygen index value of 36%. Consequently, the resultant fabrics were observed to show great flame retardancy with high thermal stability as 35% of char yield at 600°C. The durability of modified cotton was tested after five laundering cycles, which showed that the coating maintains 84% of its initial mass. It is reported that in addition to durable flame retardancy, the mechanical properties of cotton were also enhanced. The present work provides eco-friendly one pot facile synthesis of intumescent-based flame retardant for CF which may be used in numerous applications. Abbreviations: ammonium polyphosphate; PER: pentaerythritol; MEL: melamine; LOI: limiting oxygen index; TGA: thermogravimetric analysis; DTG: derivative thermogravimetry; GSM: gram per square meter; FR: flame retardant; CP: plain cotton fabric; CT: twill cotton fabric; CF: cotton fabric; Int: intumescent; FTIR: Fourier Transformation Infrared; BEL: burn entire length; DNI: did not ignite; SE: self-extinguish; HGMs: hollow glass microspheres; CH/PA/Ba/PA: Chitosan/ Phytic Acid/Barium/Phytic Acid; DPPMA: diphenylphosphinic acid with melamine; PBS/30PA-GU: poly(butylene succinate/30 phytic acid-guanosine; PET: polyethyleneimine; Tri-HTAC: 2,4,6-tri[(2-hydroxy-3-trimethyl-ammonium)propyl]-1,3,5-triazine chloride; TA/B@PDA: tannic acid/Borax@polydopamine; P10H5: 5wt% HCCP(Hexachlorocyclotriphosphazene). ammonium polyphosphate; PER: pentaerythritol; MEL: melamine; LOI: limiting oxygen index; TGA: thermogravimetric analysis; DTG: derivative thermogravimetry; GSM: gram per square meter; FR: flame retardant; CP: plain cotton fabric; CT: twill cotton fabric; CF: cotton fabric; Int: intumescent; FTIR: Fourier Transformation Infrared; BEL: burn entire length; DNI: did not ignite; SE: self-extinguish; HGMs: hollow glass microspheres; CH/PA/Ba/PA: Chitosan/ Phytic Acid/Barium/Phytic Acid; DPPMA: diphenylphosphinic acid with melamine; PBS/30PA-GU: poly(butylene succinate/30 phytic acid-guanosine; PET: polyethyleneimine; Tri-HTAC: 2,4,6-tri[(2-hydroxy-3-trimethyl-ammonium)propyl]-1,3,5-triazine chloride; TA/B@PDA: tannic acid/Borax@polydopamine; P10H5: 5wt% HCCP(Hexachlorocyclotriphosphazene).

Crushing of cottons under the influence of teeth roll in combined aggregate

Object of research consists of the morphology of cotton stalks, physical and mechanical properties of cotton and cotton soils,interaction with the gear roller and its cotton stalk in the combined aggregate. Taking into account the need for alternate and short-term technological processes of cotton stalk harvesting, tillage and cotton picking, a new technology for the formation of new stalks and stalks in cotton fields and a combined unit for its implementation has been developed. The article presents materials devoted to substantiating the parameters of the gear reel of this combined unit.Because the crushing of cotton stalks is an important factor that determines the quality of this technology. The use of the existing working part of the unit for the purpose of crushing cotton stalks at once indicates the perfection of the design. To carry out the process of crushing the stalks, without removing them from the pile, lay them on the pile surface in the direction of movement of the unit, and then crushing is carried out with the teeth mounted on the base wheel of the combined unit. The results of theoretical and experimental research show that the amount of crushing of cotton stalks is higher when the tooth thickness is 3.5 mm and the shape of the blade is curved.

Sustainable Approach for Mélange Yarn Manufacturers by Recycling Dyed Fibre Waste

The aim of this paper is to study a sustainable approach of recycling different fibre waste for the mélange yarn industry and to suggest a sustainable strategy of mixing dyed fibre waste for use by yarn supply chain engineers. Fibre waste was added to a Blow room or draw frame and compared in terms of properties. It was found that the mechanical properties of cotton mélange yarn manufactured by adding waste are suitable to be marketed. Various qualitative parameters such as the spun length, tenacity, elongation %, short fibre index (SFI), yarn evenness analysis, nep count analysis and waste assessment were discussed and compared in both kinds of mixing strategies i.e. mixing in the form of flocks in a blow room and in the form of slivers on a draw frame; as followed by the Mélange yarn Industry. The effect of increasing the number of passages on yarn quality was also analysed.

The Effects of Quat-Silane Antimicrobials on the Physical and Mechanical Properties of Cotton and Cotton/Elastane Fabrics Used for Clothing

Samples were treated with quat-silane to achieve antimicrobial property for further designs to help bacteria resistant during use. In this study, the physical and mechanical properties of quat-silane treated cotton and cotton/elastane fabrics in comparison with untreated control samples were investigated. Results showed that a small significant decrease was observed for tensile strength (strip and grab methods), tear strength and seam strength. A small significant decrease was observed with the increase in quat-silane concentration for all samples. Panama weaves showed the lowest tensile strength and the highest tear strength and a small significant decrease was observed for all treated samples. Antimicrobial tests showed that all treated samples have a very good antimicrobial activity.

English

English

Effects of Fabric Pattern on the Mechanical Properties of Cotton Fabric/Unsaturated Polyester Composites

Effects of Fabric Pattern on the Mechanical Properties of Cotton Fabric/Unsaturated Polyester Composites

Comfort and Mechanical Properties of Cotton and Cotton Blended KnittedKhadiFabrics

Main aim of present study was to develop hosiery material for khadi cottage industry. Hand spun cotton and cotton: polyester yarns were utilized to construct knit fabric in manually operated knitting machine. Plain knit and rib knit fabrics (1x1, 2x2) were developed in flat bed cotton hosiery machine of 14 gauge 40 inch. Comfort and mechanical properties of knitted fabrics constructed from hand spun cotton and cotton: polyester yarns were tested by standard procedure. It was found that cotton knitted khadi fabric is more comfortable than cotton: polyester khadi knit with less pilling tendency. On the other hand, strength and abrasion resistance of cotton:polyester khadi fabric is better than cotton knit fabric.

Dyeing and Mechanical Properties of Cotton Modified for Cationic Dyes with Hydrophobic and Acidic Groups

Basic studies define the relationship between dyeability for cationic dyes and mechanical properties of chemically modified cotton fabric. Introduction of benzoyl and sulfonic acid groups provides either satisfactory dyeability for cationic dyes or color-fastness, and mechanical properties are reported as a function of the benzoate degree of substitution value. The general trend is toward increased breaking load and bending stiffness and decreased wrinkle recovery for the chemically modified fabrics, but within this trend there is latitude for selection of the degree of substituent groups to provide superior performance.

The effect of dyes and dyeing on the mechanical properties of polymeric materials

AbstractThe effect of reactive and disperse dyes and dyeing on the mechanical properties of cotton and polyester fibers, respectively, has been studied. It is observed that reactive dye (Procion Brilliant Red MX‐2B) and disperse dye (Dispersol Red B‐2B) caused a decrease in the tensile strength of the fiber which was often accompained by a decrease in the extensibility and general improvement in the tensile stiffness of the fibers. A linear relationship exists between percent disperse dye on the fiber and the square root of time of dyeing for poly(ethylene terephthalate) fibers in the initial region of dye uptake.

6—THE EFFECT OF ALKALINE AND ACID SWELLING AGENTS ON THE MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF COTTON FIBRES

A study of the changes in mechanical properties of cotton brought about by sodium hydroxide, an iron tartrate complex in caustic soda (EWNN), cuprammonium hydroxide, and sulphuric, phosphoric, nitric, and perchloric acids has been made. Instead of choosing the normal mercerizing conditions with sodium hydroxide, different temperatures of treatment and of washing were studied to see what effect the condition had on the subsequent mechanical properties of the fibres. The variable studied with the other reagents was that of concentration, so that a distinction between interfibrillar and intrafibrillar swelling could be made. The main effect of swelling is to alter the extensibility of the fibre, and this has been analysed at different stages of loading up to break.

Formation and Structure of Sodium Cellulosates in Relation to Physical Properties of Cellulosic Fibers

The exchange reaction between sodium methoxide and cellulose, leading to the forma tion of sodium cellulosate, has been studied with respect to the effects of reagent concen tration, temperature, time, nature of the cellulosic substrate, and mechanical constraint. Cellulosate degree-of-substitution values up to 0.6 can be achieved readily in the case of preswollen cotton and rayon yarns. The reaction is complete within a few minutes and no significant effect of temperature above 21°C was observed. The degree of substitu tion increases with increasing sodium methoxide concentration. The distribution of the cellulosate groups was found to be close to a theoretical one, which might be expected upon random substitution. Although highly ionized anhydro glucose units were formed, no redistribution of the cellulosate groups by inter- or intra molecular exchange reactions was observed. Mechanical properties of cotton and rayon yarns which were regenerated from their sodium cellulosate derivatives by hydrolysis were determined, revealing that the formation of a sodium cellulosate derivative did not alter these properties. It was also shown that no chemical degradation of the cellulose occurred during sodium cellulosate formation.

Fiber Structure and Mechanical Properties of Untreated and Modified Cottons

A brief review of investigations relating fiber structure to mechanical properties of cotton is given. The relationship of fibril alignment, as measured by the x-ray technique, to the strength and elongation properties of cottons covering a wide range in physical properties is discussed. Alteration of mechanical properties of cotton brought about by degradation in hydrochloric acid, mercerization, decrystallization in ethylamine, resin treatment, and acetylation are related to changes in the fiber structure. The effects of stresses imposed during some treatments are discussed.