Mechanical Properties Of Bovine Bone Research Articles

Three-Dimensional Architecture and Mechanical Properties of Bovine Bone Mixed with Autologous Platelet Liquid, Blood, or Physiological Water: An In Vitro Study.

In recent years, several techniques and material options have been investigated and developed for bone defect repair and regeneration. The progress in studies of composite graft materials and autologous platelet-derived growth factors for bone regeneration in dentistry and their biological and biomechanical properties has improved clinical strategies and results. The aim of this study was to evaluate the three-dimensional architecture and mechanical properties of three different combinations of composite bovine graft, adding autologous platelet liquid (APL), blood, or physiological water. One experimental group for each combination of biomaterials was created. In particular, in Group I, the bovine graft was mixed with APL; in Group II, it was mixed with blood, and in Group III, the biomaterial graft was combined with physiological water. Then, the composite biomaterials were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and a compression-loading test was conducted. The evaluation showed a statistical significance (p < 0.01) of the elastic regime of deformation resistance, in which the combination of APL with bone graft resulted in an 875% increase in the mechanical resistance. The protocol of APL mixed with bovine bone graft produced a composite sticky graft block that was capable of increasing the mechanical properties in order to improve its clinical use in the treatment of the maxillary bone defects.

Effect of formaldehyde fixation on some mechanical properties of bovine bone

The risk of infection of investigators working on the biomechanics of human bone from a variety of modern pathogens including the human immunodeficiency virus or the hepatitis B virus has increased recently. New safety procedures are needed to reduce that risk. The procedure we follow in our aboratory employs brief (< 3 h) fixation in formaldehyde, and we report here the effects it has on some mechanical properties of bovine bone. Results in quasistatic loading tests were almost unaffected by our fixation protocol, but a significant decrease in impact strength was found. These results indicate that there may be some interaction between fixation and strain rate dependent effects and, therefore, some caution is needed when using common biomechanical measurement methods on fixed bone material.

The effects of strain rate, reconstruction and mineral content on some mechanical properties of bovine bone

Specimens of bovine femur were loaded in tension at strain rates of from 0·00013 to 0·16 sec −1. The ash content and amount of reconstruction (Haversian bone) of each specimen was determined. Yield stress, ultimate tensile stress, modulus of elasticity and strain at yield were all greater at greater strain rates and at greater mineralization. An opposite effect on all these variables was produced by reconstruction in the specimen. These effects were nearly all ‘important’ in that the effect of varying the independent variables over the experimental range altered the dependent variables by usually over 30 per cent. Strain rate on one hand, and ash content or reconstruction on the other, account for a considerable proportion of the total variance in the mechanical properties. Statistical analysis of the results suggests that the effect of reconstruction on mechanical properties is caused by its reduction of the mineral content of the bone, and not by other effects it may have on the structure of bone.