Chemical Composition Of Meat Research Articles

Influence of natural plant substances on quality indicators of broiler chicken meat

The research was conducted in the vivarium of the Federal Research Centre of Biological Systems and Agrotechnologies in 2023 to study the effect of biologically active substances isolated from medicinal plants on the productivity and meat quality indicators. Week-old broiler chickens were divided into 4 groups (N = 180, n = 45). Broilers in the control group received the basic diet; animals from experimental groups I, II and III, along with the basic diet, were fed cinnamaldehyde in the amount of 15, 30 and 55 mg/kg of feed, respectively. At the age of 42 days, the animals were slaughtered and the chemical, amino acid and mineral composition of the muscles was determined. Broilers that, in addition to the basic diet, received cinnamaldehyde in the amount of 30 and 55 mg/kg of feed, exceeded the control group in pre-slaughter live weight by 4.50% and 7.27%, respectively. Similarly, the mass of muscle tissue and edible part of carcass in group III increased by 8.67% and 8.40% relative to the control group values, respectively. It was found that the mass fraction of protein in the breast was higher in young animals from group II than in the poultry from groups C, CA-I and CA-III by 1.57%, 2.16% and 1.35%, respectively. In terms of calcium content in the thighs, broilers from groups CA-II and CA-III exceeded the control group by 2 times. Young animals from the experimental groups CA-I and CA-III exceeded the poultry from group C in the accumulation of the essential amino acid arginine in the thighs by 0.4% and 0.2%, respectively. Thus, the use of cinnamaldehyde as a feed additive for agricultural poultry has a positive effect on the chemical composition of meat, the content of essential elements and amino acids.

Nutritional and toxicological evaluation of Jojoba (Simmondisa chinensis) oil meal in the complete feed of rabbits

Fourty New Zealand white rabbits were randomly allotted to four equal dietary treatments consisting of complete mixed rations (16% CP; 15% CF) without (T0) and with 5 (T1), 15 (T2) and 25 (T3) per cent jojoba (Simmodsin chinensis) oil meal to study the toxicity as well as bone and meat characteristics. Supplementation of jojoba oil meal caused absolute mortality and the extent of mortality followed the dose response pattern. Fifty per cent of mortality rate was documented in T3 as early as 3rd week of experiment and at the end of 3rd week all experimental animals succumbed to death while no mortality recorded in control group. Chemical composition of meat and bone indicated significantly lower crude protein and ether extract contents in treated rabbits. Autopsy of rabbits which died in jojoba oil meal incorporated complete feed showed mild to severe dilated and congested mesenteric blood vessels and enlarged liver and kidney. Toxicopathological changes include hepatocellular swelling, bile duct hyperplasia, glomerular nephritis and thyroiditis indicative of simmondsin toxicity in rabbits due to jojoba oil meal.

Growth performance, carcass characteristics, fatty acid profile, and meat quality of male goat kids supplemented by alternative feed resources: bitter vetch and sorghum grains

Abstract. Bitter vetch and sorghum grains are alternative local feed resources that are underutilized in the southern Mediterranean area. This study aimed to assess the effects of incorporating these grains into the diet of local goat breeds on growth performance, carcass characteristics, and meat quality. Twenty-four goat kids were divided into three groups. The control group received a conventional diet consisting of oat hay, barley, and fava beans. In the first group, fava beans were replaced with bitter vetch, and in the second group, barley was replaced with sorghum. At the end of the trial, the animals were slaughtered and carcass characteristics and meat fatty acid profiles of the longissimus dorsi (LD) muscle were determined. Alternative grain incorporation had no significant effect on the growth parameters. Still, it significantly affected carcass characteristics, especially in the sorghum group compared to the control group, where mesenteric fat was lower (266 vs. 437 g). The back color was lighter (L*=55.1 vs. 59.1) and less yellow (a*=-1.29 vs. 2.22). The diet also influenced the meat's chemical composition, with less protein and ash in the chevrons of animals receiving bitter vetch and sorghum grains, respectively. Regarding the fatty acid (FA) profile, sorghum grains had decreased C18:2 n-6 and polyunsaturated FA (PUFA), whereas bitter vetch grains had increased C18:3 n-3, elongase activity, and nutritive value index (NVI). The control group exhibited intermediate results for C15:0, C16:0, C16:1, C20:3 n-3, n-3, health promoting index (HPI), and thrombogenic index (TI). No significant effects were reported for saturated FA (SFA) and monounsaturated FA (MUFA). Bitter vetch and sorghum grains can be safely incorporated into fattening diets of goat kids.

Avocado peel by-product in cattle diets and supplementation with oregano oil and effects on production, carcass, and meat quality

Abstract The objective of this work was to evaluate the effects of including a commercial avocado peel meal (Avomel) by-product as a feed source supplemented with Lippia berlandieri Schauer oregano essential oil (OEO) in cattle diets. Eighteen 22-month-old male Charolais x Angus crossbred cattle (334.96 ± 27.48 kg) were randomly distributed in three experimental groups (n = 6): Control, cattle fed with the control diet without Avomel and without OEO; Avomel, cattle fed 10% of Avomel in the diet; and Avomel + OEO, cattle fed 10% Avomel and 600 mg/kg of OEO in the diet. The evaluated variables were bulls’ weight (BW), feed intake (FI), slaughter variables, carcass quality and the pH, water holding capacity (WHC), color and chemical composition of raw rib eye meat, as well as cooking loss (CL), shear force (SF), texture analysis and sensory evaluation of cooked meat. After 120 days of feeding, BW was highest (P < 0.10) for Avomel and lowest (P < 0.10) for Avomel + OEO. The Avomel + OEO group FI was low. Cattle slaughter variables, carcass quality variables, pH, and WHC did not show differences (P > 0.05). Lightness was highest (P < 0.05) for Avomel meat. Meat chemical composition was not affected (P > 0.05). SF of meat was different (P < 0.05) being highest for Avomel + OEO. On meat texture, springiness was different (P < 0.05), i.e., meat treated with Avomel was highest, but no differences (P > 0.05) were detected for hardness, adhesiveness, cohesiveness, gumminess, chewiness, and resilience. Odor, taste, softness, juiciness, and overall acceptability of cooked meat were not different (P > 0.05), data not shown. The commercial by-product avocado peel meal supplemented with OEO could be used in cattle diets without adversely affecting productive performance, carcass traits, and meat quality.

Effects of GH L127V and TG5 C422T polymorphisms on the hormonal profile, slaughter traits, and meat quality of Hereford bulls.

The creation of objective methods for the evaluation and improvement of quantitative and qualitative indicators of meat productivity in farm animals should be based on a comprehensive analysis of the genetic, physiological, and biochemical parameters of the animal. This study aimed to investigate the effects of growth hormone (GH) and thyroglobulin (TG5) gene polymorphisms on the hormonal status, slaughter traits, and chemical, amino acid, and fatty acid composition of meat in Hereford bulls. Hereford bulls (n = 9) were reared under the same feeding and housing conditions until the age of 21 months, after which they were slaughtered. Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism was performed for genotyping GH L127V and TG5 C422T polymorphisms. The experimental animals were evaluated to determine slaughter traits (including pre-slaughter weight, carcass, and internal fat weight and yield), chemical, fatty acid, and amino acid composition of ground beef, and hormonal status using serum concentrations of GH, triiodothyronine, and thyroxine. Animals with the valine homozygous (VV) genotype of GH had the maximum serum GH level of 9.33 mIU/mL (p = 0.10) higher than leucine homozygous (LL) genotype carriers. Individuals with the LL genotype outperformed V-allele carriers in serum thyroxine (T4) concentration by 21.3-30.5 nmol/L (16.15%-24.86%; p < 0.01-0.05). Genetic differentiation induced by TG5 C422T polymorphism was determined to a lesser extent by the hormonal status of the Hereford animals. The V-allele was associated with increased carcass weight, with VV homozygotes significantly outperforming LL individuals by 45.0 kg (13.61%; p < 0.05). The T allele at the TG5 gene polymorphism was associated with more intense lipogenesis and less protein synthesis in muscle tissue and these effects were enhanced in the homozygous state. Young animals with the TT variant of the TG5 gene exhibited a significantly superior polyunsaturated fatty acid/saturated fatty acid ratio of 0.012 units (p < 0.01). Carriers of the LL genotype were characterized by minimum amino acid content in muscle tissue. Heterozygous bulls exceeded LL homozygotes in the sum of essential amino acids by 3.09% (p = 0.10) and non-essential amino acids by 1.9% (p < 0.05). The development of breeding programs for the Hereford breed should be carried out considering genetic features that determine the formation of economic traits in animals. Analysis of polymorphisms in the TG5 gene is a promising method for the early diagnosis of the fatty acid composition of beef. Identification of polymorphisms in the GH gene allows the prediction of higher productivity potential and amino acid composition of meat. The different effects of the GH and TG5 genes on the development of various economic traits allowed us to determine further vectors for scientific research on their complex associations in Hereford cattle, which will be useful for planning effective breeding schemes.

Muscular and Edible Organ Meat Chemical Composition, Macro and Micro-Elements Distribution and Subcutaneous Fat Properties of Camel and Beef Cattle Calves.

Muscular and Edible Organ Meat Chemical Composition, Macro and Micro-Elements Distribution and Subcutaneous Fat Properties of Camel and Beef Cattle Calves.

Effect of dried cauliflower leaf meal (Brassica oleracea var botrytis) dietary supplementation on the growth performance, carcass and meat characteristics of rabbits.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of feeding cauliflower leaf meal (CLM) on growth performance, nutrient utilization, carcass characteristics, histopathology and economics of rabbit production. A total of eighteen 45-day-old Newzeland White rabbits were randomly divided into three groups and fed with control (0%), 20% and 30% CLM in concentrate mixture and feeding trial continued for 3 months. Growth performance was recorded upto the end of the trial. On completion of the growth study, a digestibility trial was conducted to assess the digestibility of nutrients. Afterwards, all the experimental rabbits were slaughtered to evaluate the carcass and meat quality, and to examine histological changes in the viscera. The cost of production was calculated on the basis of partially replacing wheat bran with CLM. Results showed that the body weight gain, feed intake, feed conversion ratio and digestibility of nutrients were similar among the groups of rabbits. Further, dressing percentage, wholesome cut yield, chemical composition of meat, sensory evaluation, water holding capacity and shear force value were also comparable among all groups. However, total phenolic content, vitamin A and E, and polyunsaturated fatty acid were significantly (p < 0.05) higher and 2-Thiobarbituric acid reactive substance was significantly (p < 0.05) lower in 30% CLM-fed group. Histopathological study showed no pathological changes in viscera of rabbits fed with CLM. Moreover, the cost of production was significantly (p < 0.05) lower in 30% CLM-fed group of rabbits. The present work shows that the 30% CLM can be incorporated in concentrate mixture in rabbit diet without affecting growth performance or meat quality and successfully used in rabbit nutrition, which will be cheaper with enhanced keeping quality of meat.

Evaluation of the Effect of Sea Buckthorn Meal on Production Performance and Meat Chemical Composition in Broiler Chickens

The aim of the research was to highlight the effects of sea buckthorn meal on production and consumption indices and meat chemistry in broiler chickens. The research was carried out on 50 Ross-308 hybrid broiler chickens in two groups (25 heads/group): a control group and an experimental group (0.5% buckthorn meal) over a period of 28 days. During and at the end of the experiment, the following parameters were recorded and analysed: body mass development, daily growth gain, feed consumption, feed conversion ratio (FCR) and meat quality. The best results were recorded in the experimental group, with a body weight of 2683.24 g, an average daily gain of 79.48 g and a feed conversion index of 1.70. Meat quality was improved by increasing crude protein content in the experimental group. The addition of sea buckthorn meal had a favourable influence on the productive performance and meat quality of broiler chickens.

Meta-analysis of organic chromium dietary supplementation on growth performance, carcass traits, and serum metabolites of lambs

Meta-analysis of organic chromium dietary supplementation on growth performance, carcass traits, and serum metabolites of lambs

Effect of probiotic biopreparation on fatness, organoleptic, and chemical parameters of broiler chicken meat

The relevance of this study was to use the probiotic biopreparation Subtiform in the production of broiler chickens to increase productivity and improve the organoleptic and chemical characteristics of poultry slaughter products. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of a probiotic biopreparation on the fatness of broiler chickens, the chemical composition of meat and chemical parameters using the developed patented express and optimised methods. The following methods were used: physical, organoleptic, chemical. It was found that the use of Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis (2.5×109 CFU/g) with whey powder filler increased productivity, specifically, the live weight of broiler chickens increased by 4.02% (P&lt;0.001) when fed at a dose of 2.0 g/10 dm3 of water and by 4.75% (P&lt;0.001) in experiment 3 compared to the control group. An increase in indicators in the experimental group 3 was found, namely, the average daily weight gain of carcasses – by 8.33% (P&lt;0.001); total weight of the bird carcass and neck giblets – by 26.48% (P&lt;0.001); weight of internal fat – by 1.89 times (P&lt;0.001) compared to the control. Statistical significance (P&lt;0.001) was also found in the increase in the weight of internal organs (stomach, liver, heart, adrenal gland) in experimental groups 2 and 3 compared to the control. The improvement in organoleptic and tasting characteristics of poultry meat and meat broth after feeding the probiotic preparation, specifically in experimental group 3, was summarised. The obtained quantitative and qualitative chemical parameters using express and optimised methods indicated the freshness of broiler chickens meat at (0-4)°C cooling, at which it is allowed to sell poultry carcasses up to 5 days, of control and experimental groups 1, 2, 3. The practical value of this study lies in the use of a probiotic biopreparation by veterinary specialists at broiler chick production facilities to increase the productivity of broiler chickens and improve the quality and safety of their slaughter products

Snaplage residue as a fiber source for finishing beef cattle under grazing: effects on residue characteristics, cattle behavior and performance, and carcass traits.

The snaplage residue presents itself as a potential alternative roughage source in finishing systems, owing to its high fiber concentration which aids in maintaining rumen health. Nevertheless, the performance of animals will hinge on both the allowance and the nutritive value it offers. This study aimed to evaluate different stocking rates of heifers grazing snaplage residue as an exclusive source of fiber on finishing phase performance. The treatments included two stocking rates (SR): i) low stocking rate (LS; 3.5 AU/ha) and ii) high stocking rate (HS; 7.0 AU/ha), which were obtained by modifying the size of the paddocks. Crossbred beef heifers (n = 48; initial body weight = 276 ± 23kg) were assigned to 16 paddocks (3 heifers/paddock). The concentrate (87% of corn, 3.5% of soybean meal, 3.9% of cottonseed meal, 1.2% of urea, and 4% of mineral; DM basis) was fed ad libitum daily at 0600 hours. Data were analyzed using the MIXED procedure of SAS. There was no SR × time effect (P = 0.88) on residue mass. There was less (P < 0.01) total residue mass for HS than LS, and total mass decreased (P < 0.01) over time. There was no SR × time effect (P ≥ 0.16) for behavior characteristics. There was no difference between HS and LS for average residue intake (P = 0.34; 0.44 vs 0.48kg/d, respectively), concentrate intake (P = 0.84; 7.72 vs 7.78kg/d, respectively), and daily gain (ADG; P = 0.94; 0.95 vs 0.95kg/d, respectively), The HS treatment increased (P < 0.01) gain per area (618 vs 309kg/ha) compared to LS. No differences between SR were observed for carcass characteristics (P ≥ 0.12). The meat's chemical composition was not different (P ≥ 0.37) between treatments. Overall, the snaplage residue stocking rate did not affect the finishing phase performance of beef heifers, but the greater stocking rate (7.0 AU/ha) increased gain per land area.

Physiological and immunological aspects of feed restriction and its beneficial impacts in fattening rabbits' productivity-an updated review.

Two feed restriction (FR) regimens are utilized with weaned rabbits including a quantitative FR (amount-limited feed or time-restricted admission to feed) and a qualitative FR (modulation of diet content especially protein and energy). The use of post-weaning FR may help in preventing post-weaning digestive disorders, stimulating compensating growth, improving feed efficiency, and decreasing carcass fat content. Interestingly, FR may contribute to changing meat's chemical composition and its physical quality attributes by regulating the morphological and biochemical characteristics of muscle fibers. Also, FR could enhance the gastrointestinal tract development, its histomorphology, and improve feed digestibility and absorption. Furthermore, FR regimens are involved in establishing gut microbial balance and enhancing the host immunological response. It might be concluded that post-weaning FR is involved in influencing the physiological and immunological aspects of growing rabbits. It might be documented that light to mild FR (i.e., 80-90% AL), early (i.e., at the first 2 weeks post-weaning), and relatively short in duration (i.e., for 2-3 weeks) had no negative effects on live body weight, while severing FR reduced live body weight in comparison with ad libitum rabbits.

Dietary Supplementation With DDGS in Juvenile of Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss): Effects on Growth Parameters, Digestive Physiology, and Gene Expression

In this study, the effects of using the distiller’s dried grains with solubles (DDGS) instead of soybean meal on rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) were investigated. Four different experimental diets were prepared with isonitrogenous (43%) and isolipidic (19%) values, incorporating DDGS at levels of 0%, 10%, 20%, and 30%. Fish were weighed (18.5–20.2 g) and randomly distributed in 12 tanks (140 L water) with 22 fish in each tank. The feeding trial lasted 60 days and was conducted in triplicate. The best weight gain (WG), specific growth rate (SGR), and feed conversion ratio (FCR) were observed in the DDGS20 experimental group. While viscerosomatic index (VSI) and hepatosomatic index (HSI) values were found to be the highest in the DDGS30 experimental group, the spleen‐somatic index (SSI) was found to be the highest in the DDGS10 experimental group (p &lt; 0.05). It was found that the nutrient digestibility ratio values and fish meat chemical composition values of the experimental diets were similar between the groups (p &gt; 0.05). Additionally, it was analyzed that the use of DDGS protein sources in diets did not negatively affect the coloration of the experimental fish. While DDGS percentage increased in the diet, hepatocyte nucleus diameter was decreasing (p &lt; 0.05). In the distal intestine, the DDGS10 and DDGS20 groups gave results that are more likely to be digestible, which depends on villi length. The results of the DDGS30 groups had no negative effects on both liver and distal intestine. The genes interferon gamma (IFN-γ), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin 8 (IL-8), and superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) exhibited higher fold changes when DDGS2 contribution was present in the liver, whereas the interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β) gene exhibited lower fold change. Furthermore, the mean fold changes increased with the proportion of the DDGS additive in the immunoglobulin M (IgM) heavy chain and immunoglobulin T (IgT) genes but decreased in the catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPX1) genes. TNF-α and SOD2 genes showed the lowest fold changes in the head kidney in the presence of DDGS20, whereas IL-1β and GPX1 genes exhibited the highest fold changes in the presence of DDGS10. Moreover, the utilization of feed additives extracted from DDGS in feed formulations resulted in cost reductions, thereby positively influencing the production cost per kilogram of feed. Among the trials, the incorporation of DDGS20 had the most beneficial impact on the cost per kilogram of fish due to its comparatively lower cost.

Meat production, feed efficiency and chemical composition traits of meat for Aberdeen Angus steers bulls

Relevance. Assessing the meat production of beef cattle to be transformed by involving an ever-increasing phenotypic data to improve the accuracy of genotype estimation of animals. This can be achieved through the use of live weight changes for individuals and feed consumption during the period of their rearing in feedlots. In this regard, the use of automatic feeding stations that record these parameters for a comprehensive assessment of the genotype of Aberdeen-Angus bulls is an important task of these studies.Methods. Information by 212 individuals was used for Aberdeen Angus bulls that underwent final fattening lasting 60–65 days at GrowSafe feeding stations in the Bryansk region (Russia). Data on the slaughter quality of animals, the efficiency of feed using and the chemical composition of meat were studied. The integral value for dividing bulls into four comparison groups was the residual feed intake trait (RFI).Results. The best combination of feed conversion rates (4.95 kg/kg), average daily gain (1.67 kg /day) and consumed dry matter of the diet (8.25 kg) during the fattening period at the site was shown by bulls with a negative RFI value and an increase above 1495 g relative to other comparison groups. The peers from the second group had a similar tendency, but their consumption of dry matter of feed was the highest (8.96 kg). The animals from the second and fourth comparison groups showed a higher moisture-retaining capacity of meat (60.87% and 60.39%) and the total amount of water-soluble antioxidants (0.147 mg/g and 0.148 mg/g) in it. Significant differences in the chemical composition of meat have not been established.

Effects of Different Aquafeed Sources on Growth Performance, Oxidative Capacity, and Fatty Acid Profile of Three Carps Reared in the Semi-Intensive Composite Culture System.

The current experiment is designed to evaluate the effect of different aquafeeds (farm-made versus commercial) on growth, body composition, oxidative capacity, and fatty acid profile in the semi-intensive composite culture system. For this, 1,100 fingerlings/acre having initial body weight and length, Labeo rohita (61.34 g, 171 mm), Catla catla (71.45 g, 181 mm), and Cyprinus carpio (30.80 g, 91 mm) were randomly distributed to 16 ponds and randomly fed on eight different diets (n = 2 pond/diet) in a completely randomized research design. Aquafeed were farm-based diets (D1-D2) and commercial aquafeed (D3-D8). The farm-made diets contained various crude protein levels of maize gluten (24.9%) and rice polish (7.3%), whereas commercial diets were procured from commercial feed plants (AMG, Supreme, Aqua, Star Floating, Hi-Pro, and Punjab feed). The growth performance of carps (L. rohita and C. catla) was significantly improved (p < 0.05) by feeding D3 as compared to other diets. Similarly, white blood cell concentration was greater (p < 0.05) in all species fed by D3 than in those fed on D7, D8, D5, D6, D1, and D2 fed groups, respectively. Alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase, and alanine phosphatase activities were significantly lower (p < 0.05) in the D3-fed L. rohita, C. catla, and C. carpio compared with those fed on the rest of the treatments. The activities of glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase were also higher (p < 0.05) for the D3 fed L. rohita, C. catla, and C. carpio than those fed on the rest diets. The groups fed on D3 and D4 had greater (p < 0.05) concentrations of myristic (14), palmitic acid (16), and stearic (18) acids than those fed on the rest of the commercial diets. However, meat chemical composition was similar (p > 0.05) across the treatments. These results also prove that the increase in the dietary protein level and lipid content can improve the fish's body's crude protein and fat levels. Feeding D3 improved the production performance, oxidative status, and fatty acid profile in composite major carps culture systems. Thus, based on growth, survival, and body composition, it is concluded that D3 and D4 may be recommended for a commercial culture of major carps. Dietary treatments had no significant impact (p > 0.05) on water's physical-chemical properties. Calcium content and alkalinity varied (p < 0.05), with D5 showing the lowest calcium and the highest alkalinity.

The improvement of meat nutrient composition in broiler chickens fed diets containing rice bran tempeh supplemented with cellulose

This study was aimed to evaluate the effect of cellulase supplementation in diets containing rice bran tempeh on body conformation, fat deposition, nutritional composition of broiler meat and blood biochemical concentrations in broiler chickens. This research was carried out for 3 weeks from 15 days to 35 days of age. Two hundred broilers aged 15 days were divided into 4 treatment groups with 5 replications (8 broilers for each replication) for each treatment, as follows: T1 = 0% cellulase; T2 = 0.05% cellulase; T3 = 0.1% cellulase, and T4 = 0.15% cellulase. Body conformation, chemical meat composition, fat deposition, blood pH, glucose and uric acid were measured. The addition of 0.05% or 0.15% cellulase significantly reduced leggedness (P&lt;0.05), whereas 0,1% or 0,15% cellulase addtion significantly reduced the content of meat fat and ash plus carbohydrate. In addition, the inclusion of 0.05% cellulase increased the content of meat protein (P&lt;0.01). The inclusion of cellulase from 0.05-0.15% did not decrease fat deposition, blood concentration of uric acid, cholesterol, glucose and pH. In conclusion, the addition of 0.1% or 0.15% cellulase improved meat nutrient composition without improving body conformation.

Substitution effects of soybean meal by Lathyrus sativus L. (grass pea) on nutrient digestibility, growth performances, carcass traits and meat quality of lambs grazing on saline area

Substitution effects of soybean meal by Lathyrus sativus L. (grass pea) on nutrient digestibility, growth performances, carcass traits and meat quality of lambs grazing on saline area

Effects of Dietary Supplementation with Phytobiotic Encapsulated Plant Extracts on Broilers’ Performance Parameters, Welfare Traits and Meat Characteristics

Abstract Background: Medicinal plants exhibit significant effects on broiler physiology and production. This trial aimed to evaluate the effects of dietary supplementation with an aqueous or cyclodextrin extract derived from a mixture of Origanum vulgare L., Camelina sativa L. crantz, Crithmum maritimum L., and Allium sativum L. at the level of 0.1% per kg of dry matter (DM) on broiler growth performance, welfare, meat chemical composition, and oxidative stability. Results: Cyclodextrin treated group presented significantly higher final body weight, while feed intake and FCR were unaffected by the treatments. Both aqueous and cyclodextrin treated groups had significantly lower pododermatitis score compared to the control group. Additionally, both treatment groups presented increased thigh meat protein content and lower fat content, likewise meat color was also positively affected by both treatments. Supplementation of broilers diet with the cyclodextrin extract also resulted in ∑n-3 fatty acids and ∑n-6 fatty acids increase. The PUFA/SFA and H/H ratios were also increased in the thigh meat of both supplemented groups compared to the control group. Conclusion: The application of aqueous or cyclodextrin extracts yielded positive results on meat composition, and supported growth performance, welfare, and the oxidative status of the chicken meat.

Study of Meat and Carcass Quality-Related Traits in Turkey Populations through Discriminant Canonical Analysis.

The present research aimed to determine the main differences in meat and carcass quality traits among turkey genotypes worldwide and describe the clustering patterns through the use of a discriminant canonical analysis (DCA). To achieve this goal, a comprehensive meta-analysis of 75 documents discussing carcass and meat characteristics in the turkey species was performed. Meat and carcass attributes of nine different turkey populations were collected and grouped in terms of the following clusters: carcass dressing traits, muscle fiber properties, pH, color-related traits, water-retaining characteristics, texture-related traits, and meat chemical composition. The Bayesian ANOVA analysis reported that the majority of variables statistically differed (p < 0.05), and the multicollinearity analysis revealed the absence of redundancy problems among variables (VIF < 5). The DCA reported that cold carcass weight, slaughter weight, sex-male, carcass/piece weight, and the protein and fat composition of meat were the traits explaining variability among different turkey genotypes (Wilks' lambda: 0.488, 0.590, 0.905, 0.906, 0.937, and 0.944, respectively). The combination of traits in the first three dimensions explained 94.93% variability among groups. Mahalanobis distances cladogram-grouped populations following a cluster pattern and suggest its applicability as indicative of a turkey genotype's traceability.

Effect of Using Ensilaged Corn Wet Distillers’ Grains Plus Solubles (WDGS) as a Partial Replacement for Concentrated Feed for Wet Lot Fed Fatteners during Fattening on Growth Performance, Carcass Characteristics and Pork Quality

The purpose of this study was to determine the nutritional suitability of WDGS in pigs’ feeding and production. Pigs were liquid fed and divided into 3 groups. Pigs in the control group were fed diets based on cereal grains, while the experimental groups were also given 10% or 15% WDGS, which partially replaced their cereal grains. During this study, the average daily gains (ADG), feed intake, chemical composition of meat, fatty acid profile of meat, and quality parameters of the carcass and meat were examined. The highest statistical weight gains were detected for the group WDGS 10% during the first stage of the fattening period. No statistical differences were detected for the final body weight, carcass traits, chemical composition of the meat or the composition of fatty acids such as SFAs, PUFAs, and MUFAs, with the exception of eicosenoic acid (C20:1n9). Pigs fed on 10% WDGS exhibited lower peroxidation of lipids (TBARS) than the control group or WDGS 15%. Similarly, water holding capacity (WHC) was the lowest for the group WDGS 10%. Of the meat coloration, redness (a*), yellowness (b*), and chroma (C*) were affected by the WDGS’ inclusion, where the highest values were observed for the group WDGS 10%. In conclusion, WDGS can be utilized in the liquid feeding of pigs for up to 15% of their DM.