Quail Meat Research Articles

Еconomic analysis of meat production from two types of Domestic quails

Abstract. There are two types of Japanese quails, reared in Europe – dual-purpose and meat. The aim of the present study was to made an economic analysis of fattening quails from the dual-purpose and heavy production types. Three groups were formed – group 1 (dual-purpose), groups 2 and 3 (heavy type), reared in cages. After quails sexing on the 16th day of age, there were formed six subgroups: 1m, 1f, 2m, 2f, 3m and 3f. Fattening period lasted until 35 days of age. For revenues calculation produced meat and edible offal data per m2, were used. Costs calculation include consumed feed for the period, day-old quail, and other costs. The main production costs were associated with feed and day-old quails: from 80.3 and 82.6% of all costs in the studied groups. The anticipated revenues from produce in group 2 were 10 EUR/m2 higher than those in group 1, and for group 3 – 10.21 EUR/m2 higher than group А. The results indicate that meat type quails fattening is the most economically efficient in quail meat production. Producing quail edible offal is still not developed but could be beneficial for efficiency of quail fattening small farms.

Use of silver nanoparticles in quail feeding

The results of introducing silver nanocomposite based on zeolite and as part of Argovit preparation into the diet of poultry are presented. The experiment was carried out on quails of the Japanese breed during the periods of bird rearing (60 days) and productive use of laying quails (95 days). For the research, three groups were formed from quails aged one day (one control and two experimental) of 50 heads each. The quails were kept on a test farm in Novosibirsk Region in cell batteries subject to the required microclimate conditions. All groups received feed (the main diet), tailored to the age and physiological characteristics of quails. A silver nanocomposite based on zeolite and as part of Argovit preparation at a dose of 40 μg/kg of feed (on pure element) was additionally introduced into the feed for the birds of the experimental groups for 21 days. The effect of the supplements used was studied by the following parameters: survival rate of quail chicks, their growth intensity, feed efficiency ratio, indicators of meat and egg productivity, and quality of hatching eggs. The chemical composition of the feed, quail meat and eggs obtained from laying quails was studied in a biochemical laboratory using generally accepted methods of zootechnical analysis. When feeding experimental birds on silver nanocomposite based on zeolite and as part of Argovit preparation, the survival rate of quails increased by 3.0–4.0%, the average daily gain in live weight increased by 6.48– 7.35%, and feed consumption per unit of the produce decreased by 13.14–16.62%. The egg production of laying quails increased by 6.00–7.45%, the yield of egg mass – by 6.02–7.89%, and the yield of hatching eggs – by 3.33–11.7%. The highest indicators of meat and egg productivity and feed efficiency were obtained in the first experimental group that consumed zeolite-based nanosilver. The economic effect in the experimental groups increased by 13.76-17.26% compared to the control group.

Incidence and Antibiotic Resistance Properties of Campylobacter Species Isolated From Poultry Meat

Background: F Campylobacter species are imperative foodborne bacteria because of the contaminated poultry meat consumption. Objectives: This study was conducted to recognize the incidence and antimicrobial resistance profile of Campylobacter species recovered from raw poultry meat samples. Materials and Methods: A total of 695 poultry meat samples were collected and assessed by culture technique. Bacterial species were identified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Antimicrobial resistance was assessed by disk diffusion method (DDM). Results: The contamination rate of samples with Campylobacter spp. was 44.75% with higher contamination rate of wild duck (84%), wild goose (83.33%), coot (78.26%), chicken (67.78%), and wild pheasant (66.66%), respectively. Campylobacter jejuni and C. coli bacteria were found in 84.24% and 15.76% of Campylobacter spp., respectively. The highest incidence of C. jejuni was obtained in partridge (95.45%), quail (95%), pheasant (92.31%), and wild duck (90.48%) meat samples, respectively. The highest incidence of C. coli was found in turkey (52.63%) and wild pheasant (22.22%) meat samples, respectively. Moreover, C. jejuni had the highest resistance to tetracycline (76.34%), nalidixic acid (65.65%), ciprofloxacin (58.78%), enrofloxacin (39.69%), and ampicillin (38.55%), respectively. C. coli had the highest resistance to nalidixic acid (48.99%), ciprofloxacin (40.82%), and enrofloxacin (38.78%), respectively. Conclusion: Poultry meat, particularly partridge, quail, pheasant, turkey, and wild avian are the main sources of Campylobacter transmission. Furthermore, higher incidence and antibiotic resistance of C. jejuni was found. Proper cooking of poultry meat and monitoring the antibiotic prescription can lessen the occurrence of antibiotic-resistant Campylobacter spp. in poultry meat.

Growth, carcass characteristics, meat quality, and microbial aspects of growing quail fed diets enriched with two different types of probiotics (Bacillus toyonensis and Bifidobacterium bifidum)

The present investigation aimed to explore the impact of dietary graded levels of 2 types of probiotic bacteria (Bacillus toyonensis [BT] and Bifidobacterium bifidum [BB]) on growth, carcass traits, meat quality, and bacteriology of growing Japanese quail reared under the cage system. One thousand three hundred sixty Japanese quail day-old chicks were randomly divided into 10 groups (8 replicates each). Birds were fed a basal diet (control, T1) and the basal diet plus 0.05, 0.075, 0.10, and 0.125% BT (T2, T3, T4, and T5, respectively), 0.10% BB (T6), and the same previous doses of BT plus 0.05% BB (T7, T8, T9, and T10, respectively). Results showed a significant (P < 0.001) increase in final BW and weight gain because of probiotic supplementation (except T2 for weight gain). Both feed intake and feed conversion ratio did not differ during the overall experimental period (1–42 D of age) except feed intake that was reduced in T2 and increased in T5 and T9 groups. All carcass traits studied were significantly (P < 0.01) affected by probiotics, and the combination between BT and BB in group T8 increased all studied parameters as compared with the other treatment groups. The quail meat color of redness a∗ and L∗ values, thiobarbituric content, cooking loss, proteolysis, and total coliform were decreased (P < 0.001) by probiotic treatment. In general, supplementing BT, BB, or their combination to the basal diet delayed the proliferation of pathogenic bacteria in the diet and intestine. Using BT and BB as feed supplements enhanced growth performance and meat quality of quails as well as diminished pathogenic bacteria proliferation in their diet and intestine. As per our results, we can recommend the application of T5 and T8 to T10 levels for the best performance, carcass traits, and meat quality of growing quails.

Assessment of Physical and Microbiological Characteristics of Quail Meat During Storage

Analysis of physical and microbiological quality of quail meat samples was carried out during frozen storage (-18±2oC) of 90 days period. Slaughtering of six weeks old broiler quails was done hygienically. Quail meat samples were packed in low density polyethylene pouches taking best possible care to avoid contamination and stored at -18 ± 2°C for 90 days. These stored samples were evaluated for physical properties and microbiological quality after thawing at 4 ± 1oC for 12 h at an interval of 15, 30, 60 and 90 days. It was observed that drip loss increased, while the extract release volume (ERV) decreased with progression of the storage period. Similarly standard plate count, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and psychrophilic count decreased with advancement of frozen storage period. While all of the meat samples were found to be negative for Salmonella spp. It is concluded from the study that quail meat can be safely stored in frozen state for up to 3 months without any deterioration.

Вплив різних концентрацій колоїдного срібла на хімічний склад м’яса перепелів

The search for an alternative to antibiotics in quail breeding involves theevelopment of new agents with antibacterial properties and a study of their effect on the quality and safety of the resulting product. Among the promising drugs on the market of new antimicrobial agents, related to nanotechnology, one of the first positions is nanosilver preparations, which have a wide range of antibacterial, antiviral, antiparasitic, and potent inflammatory drugs. At the same time, the use of colloidal silver in poultry farming certainly has corresponding consequences on the main consumer product – meat, offal and eggs, which, in turn, affect human health. It has been established that with oral administration of various concentrations of solutions of colloidal silver in quail, the liver and tubular bones have the highest cumulative ability, of all the studied tissues. Also, the distribution and cumulation of silver nanoparticles in various quail tissues indicate a dose-dependent accumulation of silver. The effect of various concentrations of colloidal silver solutions on some indicators of the quality and safety of quail meat was studied. It has been established that boiling quails over the period of growing solutions of colloidal silver in doses of 0.02-2.0 mg/l improves the quality of meat in terms of protein, calcium and phosphorus. Boiling quail of a colloidal silver solution in doses of 0.02-2.0 mg/l leads to an increase in copper contentin muscles by 1.2-2.1 times, does not depend on the dose and period of drinking. The content of zinc and cobalt in the muscles of quail is not significantlydependent on the dose of boiling of a colloidal silver solution. Boiling quails of a solution of colloidal silver in doses of 1.0 and 2.0 mg /l does not affect the level of iron, and in doses of 0.02 and 0.2 mg/l it contributes to an increase in its content by 1.3-3.5 times the muscles.

Розвиток перепелівництва в Україні

Goal. To determine current problems of domestic quail growing concerning livestock and egg production and quail meat production. Methods. Statistical methods of analysis of the current state and determination of directions of development of the industry, methods of observation, comparative analysis, theoretical generalization. Results. Trends in the development of industrial quail growing in the domestic market of Ukraine are studied, due to the high taste qualities of eggs and meat, rapid reproducibility of production and cost recovery in the short term. The average annual number of quails in Ukraine is about 3 million heads. The annual production of quail eggs (0.53 billion pieces) and meat (about 1.2–1.5 thousand tons) is determined. By that indices, Ukraine is among the top ten in the world and has great prospects for further growth. Demand for quail products and low saturation of the domestic market (25%) is also fixed, which, given the global trends in consumption of eggs and quail meat, testifies to the great prospects for the development of the industry in Ukraine. Conclusions. The quail growing industry in Ukraine has a high domestic and export potential for egg and meat production due to its special geographical, climatic and logistical position in the world.

The effect of "Prodaktiv Acid Se" on some veterinary and sanitary indicators of quail meat

The use of Prodactiv Acid Se contributed to an increase in the live weight of quail in the growing process, and the resulting product was benign. This supplement is recommended for use with water in an amount of 2 ml per liter of water throughout the growing period.

Nutritional composition, metabolizability coefficients and use of passion fruit pulp waste in the diet of meat quail

Two experiments were undertaken to evaluate the chemical composition and metabolizability coefficient of passion fruit pulp waste and its effect on the production performance of meat quail when included in their diet at different levels. In experiment I, a metabolism trial was conducted as a completely randomized design (CRD) involving 90 meat quail that received one of two treatments (control diet and test diet), with five replicates and nine birds per plot. To determine the metabolizability coefficients, the total collection method was performed from 18 to 21 days of age. In experiment II, 225 European quail were allotted to one of five treatments (0, 3, 6, 9 and 12% inclusion of passion fruit pulp waste) in a CRD with five replicates and nine birds per experimental unit. No significant differences were observed (p > 0.05) for weight gain, feed intake, feed conversion or carcass yield between the different waste inclusion levels. The nutritional composition of the waste was 2,925.75 kcal AME/kg, 2,922.09 kcal AMEn/kg, 20.86% ether extract and 10.72% crude protein. Passion fruit pulp waste can be included up to 12% in the diet of meat quail from one to 42 days of age without affecting their production performance or carcass characteristics, and its use is economically viable.

The influence of diets enriched with vitamin E and Hadox drug on the meat productivity of quails

In recent decades, the quail industry has become a promising direction in industrial poultry farming in our country. The basis of full-fledged compound feed of meat poultry is grain cereals (corn, barley, sorghum, etc.) and legumes (soy, peas, castor-oil plant, etc.). However, due to the high concentration of lipids in the grain of some of these crops and compound feed in general if storage in conditions are violated, feeding them to quails in large quantities can lead to the accumulation of peroxides in them and activation of lipid peroxidation processes in the body. The mechanism of action of antioxidants is to activate the body’s anti-radical defense, because these drugs are able to effectively prevent “oxidative stress” by neutralizing free oxygen radicals. Without antioxidants due to the high activity of free radicals in the bird’s body the processes of oxidation of phospholipids of cell membranes are activated, which leads to the destruction of the structure of the DNA molecule and gene mutations. Therefore, natural and synthetic feed preparations of antioxidants, which differ in synergism of action with a wide range of dietary additives on metabolic processes, have become more actively used in poultry nutrition. The purpose of the research was to study the influence of barley-sorghum-soy-type diets enriched with antioxidant preparations Hadox and vitamin E on meat productivity, nutritional and biological value of meat, the state of metabolism in the body of quails reared for meat. Under the conditions of the North Caucasus the expediency of joint feeding of feed antioxidants vitamin E and Hadox to quails grown for meat has been experimentally proved and scientifically justified, when using diets based on barley grain, sorghum and soy of local production, to increase meat productivity, increase their nutritional and biological value of meat and intensify metabolic processes. Thus, in order to increase the economic effectiveness of quail meat production in the North Caucasus the formulation of compound feed based on barley, sorghum and soy of local production should be input together the antioxidant preparations vitamin E at the dose of 25 thousand IU/t of feed and Hadox at the dose of 150 g/t of feed.

The effect of dietary Marula nut meal on the physical properties, proximate and fatty acid content of Japanese quail meat

Soyabean meal (SBM) is the major dietary protein source for the poultry industry in sub-Saharan Africa. Due to inadequate local soyabean production, alternative protein sources are required. Two hundred 9-day old Japanese quail chicks were randomly allocated to grower diets wherein Marula nut meal (MNM) substituted SBM on a crude protein (CP) basis at 0%, 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% and fed for 4 weeks, followed by being fed on similarly formulated finisher diets for 2 weeks, and thereafter they were humanely slaughtered and dressed. Initial pH (pHi) and ultimate (pHu), colour, thawing loss (TL), cooking loss (CL), tenderness, proximate and fatty acid (FA) composition of the breast and thigh meat were determined. The results showed that pHi and pHu of meat from carcasses of quail fed diet 1 was lower, but had lighter and less red meat than that from counterparts fed diet 5 (P < 0.01). Dietary MNM had no effect (P>0.05) on TL, CL and tenderness of the meat. The ash content of the meat increased with an increase in dietary MNM, but its CP and fat decreased (P < 0.05). In addition, the total saturated FA content of meat from birds fed diet 4 was lower (P < 0.05) than other counterparts. Meat from birds fed diets 1 and 2 had a lower oleic acid (OA) content in comparison to meat from birds fed diets 3, 4 and 5. MNM can potentially be utilised in quail feeds without compromising the physical and proximate properties of the meat. Also, it can be used to produce lean but OA-rich meat with possible potential health benefits to consumers.

CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF MUSCLE AFTER BEE BREAD APPLICATION IN THE NUTRITION OF JAPANESE QUAILS

The objective of study was to evaluate the effects of a diet supplemented with bee bread powder on the chemical composition of Japanese quail meat. A total of 80 one day-old quails were assigned to 4 treatments: 1. control (C), 2. experimental diet with bee bread (2 g.kg-1 of feed mixture (FM); E1), 3. experimental diet with bee bread (4 g.kg-1 of FM; E2) and 4. experimental diet with bee bread (6 g.kg-1 of FM; E3). The feeding period was 56 days. The supplementation with bee bread improved the protein content of the breast muscle at a dose of 4 a 6 g.kg-1 FM (25.16 and 25.25 g.100 g-1) versus C (24.55 g.100 g-1). In the thigh muscle, a slightly increased water content in E2 and E3 (70.34 and 70.22 g.100 g-1) compared to the C (69.38 g.100 g-1). Bee bread had a beneficial (P≥0.05) effect on the fat in the breast muscle (1.18 g.100 g-1 E1, 1.08 g.100 g-1 E2, 1.01 g.100 g-1 E3) in comparison to the control (1.21 g.100 g-1). The fat content in the thigh muscle increased (P≥0.05) in E1 (2.01 g.100 g-1), E2 (1.76 g.100 g-1), E3 (1.76 g.100 g-1) when compared to the C (1.30 g.100 g-1). Between male and female were observed differences only in the cholesterol content of the breast muscle of the C (female - 0.86 g.100 g-1, male - 0.72 g.100 g-1). Significant differences (P≤0.05) have be also found in the breast muscle in the female with respect to the water, protein, fat and cholesterol content when comparing the C and E2, E3. With respect to males we found differences (P≤0.05) in the protein content in the thigh muscle between E1:E3, E2:E3 and with respect to the fat content between the C and E2. We may state that bee bread powder at 4, respectively 6 g.kg-1 to the feed mixture could be a suitable supplement to the quail nutrition without a negative effect on the meat quality.

Использование концентрата низкомолекулярных веществ сои для повышения продуктивности перепелов и улучшения диетических качеств их мяса

The article presents data on a scientific experiment conducted on quails of the Japanese breed. Data on the influence of the prebiotic drug «BioAxel» on the physiological parameters of quails have been established. The dynamics of the live weight of quails when feeding different dosages of the drug is estimated. In the experiment, the positive effect of different doses of the feed additive «BioAxel» on the average daily and gross growth of experimental birds (by 8,2–16,5% compared to the control) was established. The most effective method was feeding part of the BioAxel (5% of the feed weight) plus another part (4%) with water. A comprehensive veterinary and sanitary examination of quail slaughter products was also carried out when using the prebiotic drug «BioAxel»in the diet. It was found that this drug does not have a negative effect on the quality of meat. At the same time, the indicators of biological safety are within the limits of the norm established by current regulatory documents. In terms of nutritional value, the meat of quails raised with the use of the prebiotic drug «BioAxel» exceeds the meat of quails from the control group. The content of essential amino acids significantly increased in poultry meat of the experimental groups, and the total biological value in the test with Tetrahymena pyriformis exceeded the control parameters.

Qualitative analysis of quail meat of various genotypes

Quail breeding expands the range of poultry products through the production of highly nutritious dietary semi-finished and canned products. Quail meat is superior to other types of poultry. According to its physicochemical and organoleptic characteristics, it refers to a dietary product. The research objects are quail carcasses. In order to identify features of quantitative indicators of quail meat, carcasses of three genotypes were analyzed: Japanese quail, Estonian quail and hybrid quail - F1. The paper presents results of studies of the qualitative characteristics of quail meat of these genotypes. The data on the chemical composition, content of essential amino acids, and the nutritional value are presented. The organoleptic evaluation of carcasses, the structure of fresh meat of white and red muscles are described. The results allow us to determine the best genotype for producing meat products with a high biological value, as well as to establish differences and characteristics of the composition of quail meat depending on the genotype.

Pasta waste in the feeding of meat quail.

This study was undertaken to investigate the performance, carcass characteristics, and economic viability of diets including pasta waste in meal form (PWM) for quail. A total of 450 unsexed meat quail (Coturnix coturnix coturnix) were distributed into five treatments (0, 10, 20, 30, and 40% inclusion of PWM) in a completely randomized design with six replicates, each with 15 birds. The following rearing periods were evaluated: Phase 1 - 1 to 21 days; and period of 1 to 42 days. In Phase 1, the PWM levels did not influence feed intake (FI), and the PWM inclusion levels for optimal weight gain (WG) and feed conversion (FC) were estimated at 20.70% and 22.8%, respectively. In the cumulative period of 1 to 42 days, the PWM levels did not lead to differences in FI, WG, or FC. The yields of carcass and cuts were not influenced by the treatments; however, abdominal fat yield decreased as the PWM levels in the diets were increased. Economic analysis showed a reduction of the feeding cost in the studied phases. Pasta waste meal can be included up to the level of 40% without incurring losses in the performance or carcass yield of meat quail.

Effect of compound feed acidification on the body weight gain of quails on mini-farms

The article presents the study results on the fattening effectiveness of Texas Broiler quails using the formulated feed with “B.I.O. Acid Ultra” acidifier. Space and layout design of the mini-farm allowed to house 1000 head of the main flock and up to 300 young birds. The inside climate system of the mini-farm maintained the temperature in the range of 18 °C -20 °C and 75% humidity. In the study, 250 head of daily chicks were randomly selected and divided into 5 groups of 50 head each – one control group and four experimental ones. The study lasted for 8 weeks, i.e. the meat quail fattening period. The addition of the acidifier to the diet in the amount of 0.23% was found to result in 9.0% increase in the bodyweight of the 8-week old quails. The average daily weight increments also increased during the entire fattening period. The use of the acidifier reduced the feed conversion ratio by 4.1% – 6.79 versus 7.1 in the control group. However, the effect of different acidifiers on the effectiveness of quail fattening and the organoleptic and other quality indicators of the quail meat requires further comparative inquiry.

Comparative Analysis of Early Growth Performance of Two Meat Quail Populations

Comparative Analysis of Early Growth Performance of Two Meat Quail Populations

Effect of Different Dietary Oil Sources on Enrichment of Omega -3 Poly Unsaturated Fatty Acids in Japanese Quail Meat

An experiment was conducted to assess the effect of inclusion level of different feed ingredients rich in omega-3 fatty acids tooptimizethe production of omega-3 enriched Japanese quail meat. The feeding trial was conducted in Japanese quail broiler chicks for five weeks (0–5 week) period. The experiment had six treatments (T1-PO 4%; T2 LO 4%: T3 LO 3% + SO 1%; T4 LO 2% + SO 2%; T5 LO 1% + SO 3%; T6 SO 4%) with various inclusion levels of different sources of omega-3 fatty acids (linseed oil/sardine oil) with six replicates in each treatment and each replicate had ten birds. Inclusion level of 3% linseed oil and 1% sardine fish oil was optimum for producing omega-3 fatty acids enriched Japanese quail meat. Japanese quail meat was enriched with ALA-12.67%; EPA-2.11%; DHA-2.16% and n-3-16.95% (% of total fatty acids). Omega-3 fatty acids were enriched by 9.79 times and Omega-6: Omega-3 ratio was narrowed by 9.8 times than that of control which is ideal for human consumption.

Meat quality traits of European quails reared under different conditions of temperature and air velocity

This study’s objective was to evaluate the influence of thermal environment and air velocity during the rearing phase on European quail meat quality traits. A total of 1,152 one-day-old European quail chicks were placed inside floor pens within environmental chambers. Each experimental period was approximately 5 wks, with birds slaughtered at 37 d of age. The experimental design consisted of a 2 × 4 factorial arrangement of treatments in completely randomized design with 2 air velocities (0 and 2 m/s) × 4 air temperatures (severe cold [SC], moderate cold, thermal comfort, and moderate heat [MH]). ANOVA, with air velocity and thermal environment as fixed effects, was performed to evaluate the effect of main factors and their interaction on meat quality traits, using the GLM procedure (SAS 9.4). Least square means of treatments effects were compared using Tukey’s test (α = 0.05). Lightness (L∗), redness (a∗), and yellowness (b∗), of quail meat were affected by thermal environment and air velocity (P < 0.05). Initial and final L∗ values were greater for MH (P < 0.05). Meat from birds subjected to 2 m/s air velocity had lower final L∗, but no velocity effect was noted for initial L∗. Quail meat from SC presented higher initial and final a∗ values compared with the other thermal environment groups (P ≤ 0.001). Final a∗ was affected by air velocity (P < 0.05). Initial and final b∗ values for meat from MH were greater, 13.8 and 15.2, respectively, differing from the other treatment environments (P < 0.05). However, air velocity did not influence b∗ values (P > 0.05). Interactions were not significant for pHu (P = 0.993). Thawing loss and shear force were affected by treatments (P < 0.05) but not ultimate pH, drip loss, or sarcomere length. This study demonstrates that thermal environments and air velocity affect quail meat quality traits. Further investigation is recommended to explore effects of air velocity and thermal environment on muscle proteolysis of quail meat quality.

Mycological assesment of quail meat in Menufia governorate ,Egypt .

This study was conducted to assess the mycological contamination of quail carcasses in Monofia governorate,. Total of 100 samples of fresh and frozen quail meat were taken from breast and thigh (50 of each) with skin and without skin (25 of each) from different retail shops for mycological examination and mycotoxin residues. The obtained results revealed that the highly contaminated samples in Mold and Yeast counts were in frozen quail meat of thigh with and without skin ones ( 1.21× 106± 4.59 × 105 , 1.77 ×106± 6.72× 105) &( 1.76× 106± 5.65× 105, 9.79× 105± 4.54× 105 ) (cfu/g), respectively. Furthermore, the highest incidence of mold serotypes was Aspergillus spp. Specially A. flavus in all samples . On the other hand , mycotoxins residue was higher in frozen samples than fresh ones. Breast without skin samples were the highest in mycotoxin residues than others (7.3±0.04, 3.8±0.04 ,1.9±0.02)(ug/l)for B1 , B2 and G1 in both fresh and frozen samples , respectively. The public health importance of these contamination and the suggestive hygienic measures to improve the quality and safety of quail meat were discussed.