Measures Of Sedentary Behaviour Research Articles

Do Intervention Studies to Promote Physical Activity and Reduce Sedentary Behavior in Children and Adolescents Take Sex/Gender Into Account? A Systematic Review.

Physical inactivity is often reported in youth and differs among boys and girls. The aim of this study is to assess sex/gender considerations in intervention studies promoting physical activity and reducing sedentary behavior in youth using a sex/gender checklist. A systematic search was conducted in August 2018 to identify all relevant controlled trials. Studies screened must have reported a quantified measure of physical activity and/or sedentary behavior, and identified participants by sex/gender at baseline. For evaluation of the sex/gender consideration, the authors used a sex/gender checklist developed by expert consensus. The authors reviewed sex/gender considerations in all aspects of intervention development, implementation, and evaluation in 217 studies. Sex/gender aspects were only rudimentarily taken into account, most frequently during statistical analyses, such as stratification or interaction analysis. Sex/gender effects are not sufficiently reported. To develop guidelines that are more inclusive of all girls and boys, future interventions need to document sex/gender differences and similarities, and explore whether sex/gender influences different phases of intervention programs. The newly developed sex/gender checklist can hereby be used as a tool and guidance to adequately consider sex/gender in the several steps of intervention planning, implementation, and evaluation.

Effectiveness of a Home-Based Exercise Intervention in the Fitness Profile of Hispanic Survivors of Breast Cancer.

Home-based exercise interventions might be a desirable long-term option for breast cancer survivors to enhance compliance and long-term health benefits. To assess the effectiveness of a home-based intervention aimed at helping survivors of breast cancer meet the physical activity guidelines of the American College of Sports Medicine. Eighty-nine women (age: 55.4 ± 10 years; BMI: 31 ± 6.5 kg/m2) from two cancer centers serving Hispanic women participated in this study. Women performed a baseline assessment of cardiorespiratory fitness, muscle endurance and strength, flexibility, range of motion, and extremity disability. After baseline measures, women were randomized into a control (C) or exercise (E) group. The exercise intervention consisted of a walking program, elastic band strengthening, and flexibility exercises performed at home. The outcome measures were reassessed 16 weeks after baseline measures. The intervention showed a strong effect of time on muscle strength and shoulder range of motion, and time and group for self-reported disability. There were no differences in sedentary behavior, physical fitness, and disability measures across intervention groups, including both exercise groups combined and changes over time between intervention groups. It appears that a home-based intervention affects only upper body strength and related disability, indicating that other components might need closer monitoring for significant changes to occur across time.

Associations Between Digital Health Intervention Engagement, Physical Activity, and Sedentary Behavior: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

BackgroundThe effectiveness of digital health interventions is commonly assumed to be related to the level of user engagement with the digital health intervention, including measures of both digital health intervention use and users’ subjective experience. However, little is known about the relationships between the measures of digital health intervention engagement and physical activity or sedentary behavior.ObjectiveThis study aims to describe the direction and strength of the association between engagement with digital health interventions and physical activity or sedentary behavior in adults and explore whether the direction of association of digital health intervention engagement with physical activity or sedentary behavior varies with the type of engagement with the digital health intervention (ie, subjective experience, activities completed, time, and logins).MethodsFour databases were searched from inception to December 2019. Grey literature and reference lists of key systematic reviews and journals were also searched. Studies were eligible for inclusion if they examined a quantitative association between a measure of engagement with a digital health intervention targeting physical activity and a measure of physical activity or sedentary behavior in adults (aged ≥18 years). Studies that purposely sampled or recruited individuals on the basis of pre-existing health-related conditions were excluded. In addition, studies were excluded if the individual engaging with the digital health intervention was not the target of the physical activity intervention, the study had a non–digital health intervention component, or the digital health interventions targeted multiple health behaviors. A random effects meta-analysis and direction of association vote counting (for studies not included in meta-analysis) were used to address objective 1. Objective 2 used vote counting on the direction of the association.ResultsOverall, 10,653 unique citations were identified and 375 full texts were reviewed. Of these, 19 studies (26 associations) were included in the review, with no studies reporting a measure of sedentary behavior. A meta-analysis of 11 studies indicated a small statistically significant positive association between digital health engagement (based on all usage measures) and physical activity (0.08, 95% CI 0.01-0.14, SD 0.11). Heterogeneity was high, with 77% of the variation in the point estimates explained by the between-study heterogeneity. Vote counting indicated that the relationship between physical activity and digital health intervention engagement was consistently positive for three measures: subjective experience measures (2 of 3 associations), activities completed (5 of 8 associations), and logins (6 of 10 associations). However, the direction of associations between physical activity and time-based measures of usage (time spent using the intervention) were mixed (2 of 5 associations supported the hypothesis, 2 were inconclusive, and 1 rejected the hypothesis).ConclusionsThe findings indicate a weak but consistent positive association between engagement with a physical activity digital health intervention and physical activity outcomes. No studies have targeted sedentary behavior outcomes. The findings were consistent across most constructs of engagement; however, the associations were weak.

Promoting physical activity in young adult cancer survivors using mHealth and adaptive tailored feedback strategies: Design of the Improving Physical Activity after Cancer Treatment (IMPACT) randomized controlled trial

IntroductionDespite the health benefits of physical activity for cancer survivors, nearly 60% of young adult cancer survivors (YACS) are physically inactive. Few physical activity interventions have been designed specifically for YACS. PurposeTo describe the rationale and design of the IMPACT (IMproving Physical Activity after Cancer Treatment) trial, which tests the efficacy of a theory-based, mobile physical activity intervention for YACS. MethodsA total of 280 physically inactive YACS (diagnosed at ages 18–39) will be randomized to a self-help control or intervention condition. All participants will receive an activity tracker and companion mobile app, cellular-enabled scale, individual videochat session, and access to a Facebook group. Intervention participants will also receive a 6-month mobile intervention based on social cognitive theory, which targets improvements in behavioral capability, self-regulation, self-efficacy, and social support, and incorporates self-regulation strategies and behavior change techniques. The program includes: behavioral lessons; adaptive goal-setting in response to individuals' changing activity patterns; tailored feedback based on objective data and self-report measures; tailored text messages; and Facebook prompts encouraging peer support. Assessments occur at baseline, 3, 6, and 12 months. The primary outcome is total physical activity min/week at 6 months (assessed via accelerometry); secondary outcomes include total physical activity at 12 months, sedentary behavior, weight, and psychosocial measures. ConclusionsIMPACT uniquely focuses on physical activity in YACS using an automated tailored mHealth program. Study findings could result in a high-reach, physical activity intervention for YACS that has potential to be adopted on a larger scale and reduce cancer-related morbidity. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03569605.

Agreement Between Self-Reported and Device-Based Sedentary Time among Eight Countries: Findings from the ELANS.

The purpose of this study was to analyze the agreement between self-reported and device-based sedentary time among eight countries in Latin America. As part of the Latin American Study of Nutrition and Health (ELANS), data were collected from 2524 participants (18-65years) across eight countries. Participants reported time spent sedentary in different activities (computer use at home, videogame use, reading, sitting down to chat with friends/relatives or listening to music, speaking on the phone, watching TV, and riding in a car). Overall sitting time was assessed using a single item from the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). Device-based sedentary time was assessed using Actigraph GT3X accelerometers. Self-reported overall sitting time (227.1min/day) produced the lowest values of the three assessment methods, followed by self-reported sum of different types of sedentary behavior (364.1min/day) and device-based sedentary time (568.6min/day). Overall, correlation coefficients and ICC varied from weak to moderate (rho: 0.25-0.39; ICC: 0.21:0.39) between self-reported sum of different types of sedentary behavior, self-reported overall sitting time, and device-based sedentary time. The Bland-Altman plots indicated low to moderate agreement between self-reported overall sitting time and device-based sedentary time by sex. Self-report measures underestimate sedentary behavior and overall sitting time when compared with device-based measures. The weak and moderate level of agreement between methods indicates that caution is required when comparing associations between different self-report and device-based measures of sedentary behavior with health outcomes.

Level of physical activity, sedentary behavior, and sleep in the early childhood population

Introduction: the daily general activity pattern of preschool aged children is composed of sleep time, sedentary time, and physical activity of mild, moderate, or vigorous intensity. Objective: to determine the compliance with the recommendations for physical activity, sedentary behavior, and sleep according to the days of the week, sex, and age in children aged from 2 to 5 years. Methods: a cross-sectional study in 361 preschool aged boys and girls. The Questionnaire for the Measurement of Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior in Children from Preschool to 4th grade (C-MAFYCS) was used, which inquires about three behaviors (physical activity, sedentary behavior, and sleep). The statistical analysis was carried out using the SPSS, version 24 program (Simón Bolívar University license). Results: on average, children perform 132.4  95.2 minutes of physical activity and spend 70.4  63.4 minutes per day in sedentary behaviors. The time dedicated to active play and organized sport is greater on Saturdays and Sundays (175.1  140 minutes) (p = 0.0001). The time spent watching television was greater during the weekend (70.7  69.4 minutes). On average, preschoolers sleep 10.2  0.9 hours per day, less during the week (9.3  0.7 minutes). Conclusions: balance between these behaviors is essential for the health of children in this first stage of life. It is essential that parents, caregivers, and the community in general attend to the healthy lifestyles of this population since these are patterns that are learned and acquired to remain in the following stages of the life cycle.

Device-measured sedentary behaviour and anxiety symptoms during adolescence: a 6-year prospective cohort study.

Sedentary behaviour is potentially a modifiable risk factor for anxiety disorders, a major source of global disability that typically starts during adolescence. This is the first prospective study of associations between repeated, device-based measures of sedentary behaviour and anxiety symptoms in adolescents. A UK cohort with 4257 adolescents aged 12 at baseline (56% female). Main exposures were sedentary behaviour and physical activity measured using accelerometers for 7-days at ages 12, 14, and 16. Primary outcome was anxiety symptom scores at age 18 from a Clinical Interview Schedule-Revised. We used adjusted negative binomial regression and iso-temporal substitution methods to analyse the data. We found a positive association between sedentary behaviour at ages 12, 14, and 16, with anxiety symptoms at age 18, independent of total physical activity volume. Theoretically replacing an hour of daily sedentary behaviour for light activity at ages 12, 14, and 16, was associated with lower anxiety symptoms by age 18 by 15.9% (95% CI 8.7-22.4), 12.1% (95% CI 3.4-20.1), and 14.7% (95% CI 4-24.2), respectively. Whereas, theoretically replacing an hour of sedentary behaviour with moderate-to-vigorous physical activity was not associated with differences in anxiety symptoms. These results were robust to a series of sensitivity analyses. Sedentary behaviour is a possible risk factor for increasing anxiety symptoms during adolescence, independent of total physical activity volume. Instead of focusing on moderate-to-vigorous activity, replacing daily sedentary behaviour with light activity during adolescence could be a more suitable method of reducing future anxiety symptoms.

Objective and subjective measurement of sedentary behavior in human adults: A toolkit.

ObjectivesObjectives: Human biologists are increasingly interested in measuring and comparing physical activities in different societies. Sedentary behavior, which refers to time spent sitting or lying down while awake, is a large component of daily 24 hours movement patterns in humans and has been linked to poor health outcomes such as risk of all‐cause and cardiovascular mortality, independently of physical activity. As such, it is important for researchers, with the aim of measuring human movement patterns, to most effectively use resources available to them to capture sedentary behavior.MethodsThis toolkit outlines objective (device‐based) and subjective (self‐report) methods for measuring sedentary behavior in free‐living contexts, the benefits and drawbacks to each, as well as novel options for combined use to maximize scientific rigor. Throughout this toolkit, emphasis is placed on considerations for the use of these methods in various field conditions and in varying cultural contexts.ResultsObjective measures such as inclinometers are the gold‐standard for measuring total sedentary time but they typically cannot capture contextual information or determine which specific behaviors are taking place. Subjective measures such as questionnaires and 24 hours‐recall methods can provide measurements of time spent in specific sedentary behaviors but are subject to measurement error and response bias.ConclusionsWe recommend that researchers use the method(s) that suit the research question; inclinometers are recommended for the measurement of total sedentary time, while self‐report methods are recommended for measuring time spent in particular contexts of sedentary behavior.

Testing the Child PROMIS Physical Activity Measurement in Youth Attending a Large Community Event.

The study's purpose was to evaluate the concurrent validity of the Child Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) PA with the Youth Activity Profile (YAP) and examine its relationship to PROMIS measures of sedentary behavior and fatigue. The PROMIS Pediatric Activity (PA) measure is a newly developed, valid instrument used to collect data on children's lived experiences of short bouts of moderate to rigorous physical activity. Participants were ages 8 to 20 years attending a state fair. Child PROMIS measures-PA, Sedentary Behavior, and Fatigue-and the YAP were completed on an iPad. The PROMIS PA and YAP had a positive correlation. The PROMIS PA was not associated with sedentary behavior or fatigue measurements. As expected, the PROMIS PA and YAP measure-related PA constructs, the YAP focuses on energy expended while the PROMIS PA indicates perceived response to activity.

33 - Objectively Measured Physical Activity, Sedentary Behaviour and Cardiometabolic Measures in Adults with Type 2 Diabetes: Results from the Canadian Health Measures Survey (2007-2017)

Clinical practice guidelines recommend ≥150 minutes/week of moderate-to-vigorous-intensity physical activity (MVPA) in adults with type 2 diabetes. However, self-reported physical activity data suggest that most adults with type 2 diabetes are insufficiently active. Our aim was to evaluate the associations between objectively measured physical activity, sedentary behaviour and cardiometabolic health in adults with type 2 diabetes in a representative sample of the Canadian population.

Effects of Counseling by Peer Human Advisors vs Computers to Increase Walking in Underserved Populations

Effective and practical treatments are needed to increase physical activity among those at heightened risk from inactivity. Walking represents a popular physical activity that can produce a range of desirable health effects, particularly as people age. To test the hypothesis that counseling by a computer-based virtual advisor is no worse than (ie, noninferior to) counseling by trained human advisors for increasing 12-month walking levels among inactive adults. A cluster-randomized, noninferiority parallel trial enrolled 245 adults between July 21, 2014, and July 29, 2016, with follow-up through September 15, 2017. Data analysis was performed from March 15 to December 20, 2018. The evidence-derived noninferiority margin was 30 minutes of walking per week. Participants included inactive adults aged 50 years and older, primarily of Latin American descent and capable of walking without significant limitations, from 10 community centers in Santa Clara and San Mateo counties, California. All participants received similar evidence-based, 12-month physical activity counseling at their local community center, with the 10 centers randomized to a computerized virtual advisor program (virtual) or a previously validated peer advisor program (human). The primary outcome was change in walking minutes per week over 12 months using validated interview assessment corroborated with accelerometry. Both per-protocol and intention-to-treat analysis was performed. Among the 245 participants randomized, 193 were women (78.8%) and 241 participants (98.4%) were Latino. Mean (SD) age was 62.3 (8.4) years (range, 50-87 years), 107 individuals (43.7%) had high school or less educational level, mean BMI was 32.8 (6.8), and mean years residence in the US was 47.4 (17.0) years. A total of 231 participants (94.3%) completed the study. Mean 12-month change in walking was 153.9 min/wk (95% CI, 126.3 min/wk to infinity) for the virtual cohort (n = 123) and 131.9 min/wk (95% CI, 101.4 min/wk to infinity) for the human cohort (n = 122) (difference, 22.0, with lower limit of 1-sided 95% CI, -20.6 to infinity; P = .02); this finding supports noninferiority. Improvements emerged in both arms for relevant clinical risk factors, sedentary behavior, and well-being measures. The findings of this study indicate that a virtual advisor using evidence-based strategies produces significant 12-month walking increases for older, lower-income Latino adults that are no worse than the significant improvements achieved by human advisors. Changes produced by both programs are commensurate with those reported in previous investigations of these behavioral interventions and provide support for broadening the range of light-touch physical activity programs that can be offered to a diverse population. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02111213.

Accelerometer Measured Sedentary and Physical Activity Behaviors of Working Patients after Total Knee Arthroplasty, and their Compensation Between Occupational and Leisure Time

Purpose Objective measurements of sedentary and physical activity (PA) behavior are scarce among working-age patients who undergo total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Aim was to assess sedentary and PA behaviors using accelerometers and to identify compensation effects between occupational and leisure time of sedentary and PA behavior. Methods One year post-TKA, 51 patients wore an ActiGraph(GT3x) accelerometer for 7 days. Sedentary time, prolonged sedentary bouts (≥ 30 min) and PA (light-intensity and moderate-to-vigorous PA) were examined. Compliance with the guideline of > 150 min moderate-to-vigorous PA per week was calculated. Compensation effects were analyzed using multilevel models, splitting effects into routine and within-day compensation, stratifying by physical and non-physical jobs. The routine compensation effects are the ones of interest, representing habitual compensation during a week. Results Participants spent 60% of time in sedentary bouts and 17% in prolonged sedentary bouts, with 37% of PA spent in light-intensity and 3% in moderate-to-vigorous activity. About 70% of patients met the PA guideline. Routine compensation effects were found for workers in physical jobs, who compensated for their occupational light-intensity PA with less light-intensity PA during leisure time. Workers in non-physical jobs did not compensate for their occupational prolonged sedentary bouts, as these continued during leisure time. Conclusion This study showed that working TKA patients are highly sedentary 1 year after surgery, but most met the PA guideline. Especially those with non-physical jobs do not compensate for their occupational prolonged sedentary bouts. This stresses the need to stimulate PA among TKA patients not complying with the guidelines and those with non-physical jobs.

Feasibility and applicability of Evenson sedentary behavior cut points applied to children with and without intellectual and developmental disabilities

Aim Sedentary behavior (SB) is widely studied as it is associated with cardiometabolic health and obesity issues. However, children with Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities (IDD) have been understudied. Accelerometers are commonly used to measure SB in typically developing populations but may be inappropriate for IDD populations due to differences in body movement and physiologic responses to the activity. The use of Evenson sedentary cut-points, created based on typically developing children, has yet to be applied and/or examined in children with IDD. Purpose A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted to (1) Assess the feasibility of applying Evenson sedentary cut-points in children with IDD (2) Describe SB over a two-week period between diagnosis groups. Methods The SB of 22 participants (8 children with Down syndrome, 6 children with spina bifida, 8 children with no chronic illness) was assessed on two separate occasions: (1) during a 7-minute sedentary protocol, and (2) over a two-week period. Results The study supports the preliminary efficacy of using Evenson cut-points for this population, with 100% of participants being within the Evenson counts per minute (0–100 cpm) during the 7-minute sedentary protocol. The total volume of SB over a two-week period was not significantly different between diagnosis groups (8.8 h, 8.6 h, and 7.1 h of SB for children with Down syndrome, spina bifida, or those with no chronic illness, respectively; p = 0.36). Conclusions Evenson sedentary cut-points can be used for children with IDD. Preliminary data suggest that children with IDD do not engage in significantly different SB than children without a chronic illness. Further study is warranted. Implications for rehabilitation Objective measures of physical activity and sedentary behavior for children with Down syndrome or spina bifida are rarely used due to potential differences in body movement (e.g., gait) during ambulation compared to typically developing peers that may influence the accuracy of cut-points. This study supports that Evenson sedentary cut-points can be used in children with Down syndrome or spina bifida to assess sedentary activity. Preliminary findings from this study demonstrate similarities in patterns of sedentary behaviors exhibited by our sample of children with Down syndrome, spina bifida, or no chronic illness.

Abstract PR07: Device-based, objective measurement of physical activity and sedentary behavior in a large U.S. cohort

Abstract Physical activity guidelines state that adults should engage in at least 150 minutes of moderate or 75 minutes of vigorous intensity activity per week and limit time spent sitting. Guidelines are based largely on self-reported data of usual amounts of physical activity and sitting time, as self-report is a feasible and cost-effective method for assessment in large epidemiologic studies. However, self-reported survey measures largely focus on moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity (MVPA) and total sitting time, and they are subject to various sources of error. The American Cancer Society’s Cancer Prevention Study-3 (CPS-3) is a large, nationwide, prospective cohort of approximately 304,000 participants recruited from 2006-2013. Among 751 randomly selected CPS-3 participants, seven-day accelerometer data were collected at two-time points approximately 6 months apart in 2015/2016 to assess convergent validity of the CPS-3 physical activity survey data. The average number of wear days was excellent (6.6). Vigorous activity (r=0.75) was reported more accurately than light activity (r=0.31); sedentary time also showed reasonable validity (r=0.63). While CPS-3 and other cohort surveys have acceptable validity and are suitable for categorizing participants according to overall activity level, they do not allow for detailed examination of bouts, patterns, or intensity of different activities, especially in terms of measuring light-intensity activity where most active time is spent. Thus, some large cohorts have collected or are collecting accelerometer data on subpopulations to use for calibrating self-reported measures and for examining objective physical activity in relation to health outcomes. We are initiating collection of accelerometer data from a subcohort of at least 20,000 participants. We aim to oversample for men and racial/ethnic minorities as most previous accelerometry studies included predominantly white women. Participants will be sent an accelerometer (ActiGraph GT3x) with a brief survey/wear-time log and asked to wear the device for a maximum of seven days during all waking hours. Through a series of prediction models, the CPS-3 survey will be trained against a smaller subset of accelerometer data to improve the interpretability, accuracy, and precision of CPS-3 sedentary time and PA survey data. Associations of accelerometer-based physical activity with various outcomes will also be conducted. Through the quantifiable assessment of activity at different intensities, bout lengths, and patterns, we will be well positioned to understand dose-response of physical activity and sedentary time in relation to health and better inform public health guidelines. CPS-3 will not only add to the growing number of cohorts with device-based measures but also can uniquely contribute to gaps in the research with its younger age range, inclusion of men and women, and geographic as well as racial/ethnic diversity. This abstract is also being presented as Poster A33. Citation Format: Alpa V. Patel, Erika Rees-Punia, Susan M. Gapstur. Device-based, objective measurement of physical activity and sedentary behavior in a large U.S. cohort [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Modernizing Population Sciences in the Digital Age; 2019 Feb 19-22; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2020;29(9 Suppl):Abstract nr PR07.

Objective measurement of physical activity and sedentary behavior among South Asian adults:A systematic review.

BackgroundSouth Asians are one of the fastest growing ethnic groups in western countries with a high incidence of chronic diseases like metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular disease occurring at younger ages and lower body weight compared with white Europeans. Physically active lifestyle and reduced sedentary time are modifiable risk factors that can decrease burden of chronic diseases. Population-level surveys based on self-report show South Asians engage in low levels of physical activity. Because of known limitations with self-report data, we aimed to synthesize available evidence to generate a physical activity /sedentary time profile of South Asians from studies using accelerometry.MethodsWe systematically searched Medline, EMBASE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and SportDiscus. We included studies applying accelerometry to measure physical activity /sedentary time under free-living. Studies with an exclusive focus on drugs or including participants with health conditions/physical disability, and special populations (athletes/pregnant women) were excluded. Two authors independently adjudicated inclusion of citations at title/abstract and full text. We applied a standardized data abstraction form to extract relevant data. We evaluated methodological quality using Newcastle Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale. Due to variability and inconsistencies in measurement and reporting of physical activity /sedentary time, we only provide a narrative synthesis.FindingsWe identified only 14 studies(n = 1,338). Despite using similar accelerometry assumptions, we noted variability in reported outcomes for physical activity and sedentary time. Sedentary time ranged from 482(98) to 587 min/day. Mean light physical activity ranged from 211.69(67. 38) to 574(227) min/day. Moderate to vigorous physical activity among South Asian women ranged from 17–41 min/day and among men, 32–43 min/day.ConclusionSouth Asians exhibited higher levels of physical activity when compared to the Canadian population level survey but not when compared to the American population level survey. Overall, fewer studies, and small sample sizes led to considerable variability limiting any effective comparisons. Results highlight the importance of conducting methodologically robust studies based on random sampling to advance the field, and to capture true levels of sedentary time and physical activity in the South Asian population.

MEDIDA DO COMPORTAMENTO SEDENTÁRIO DO QUESTIONÁRIO ISAQ-A PARA APLICAÇÃO EM UNIVERSITÁRIOS: ANÁLISES DE REPRODUTIBILIDADE E VALIDADE CONCORRENTE

O objetivo deste estudo foi estimar os níveis de reprodutibilidade e validade concorrente das medidas de comportamento sedentário do questionário ISAQ-A (Indicadores de Saúde e Qualidade de Vida em Acadêmicos) e a associação entre características sociodemográficas e de vínculo com a universidade com a diferença dos minutos entre questionário e acelerômetro. Trata-se de um estudo transversal, com estudantes universitários de uma instituição do estado de Minas Gerais, Brasil. Para a coleta das informações, utilizou-se o questionário ISAQ-A e acelerômetro. O questionário foi aplicado em dois momentos, antes e após o uso do acelerômetro. O comportamento sedentário do ISAQ-A medido foram: assistir televisão, usar o computador para estudos e pesquisas acadêmicas, usar o computador no tempo livre e acessar redes sociais, e jogar videogame em qualquer aparelho eletrônico. Para análise estatística utilizou-se a correlação de Spearman (rho) e o gráfico de dispersão de Bland-Altman para estimar correlação e concordância, respectivamente. A regressão múltipla foi utilizada para estimar a associação entre as variáveis exploratórias e a diferença entre o tempo de comportamento sedentário por meio de questionário e o tempo sedentário medido pelo acelerômetro. O nível de significância foi de 5%. Participaram 61 estudantes e observou-se, para a reprodutibilidade, maiores valores de correlações para tempo de computador (rho = 0,72) e videogame (rho = 0,75), com concordância satisfatória para todos os comportamentos de tela. Entretanto, a comparação entre a medida do questionário e o tempo sedentário não apresentou correlações, apenas concordância entre os testes. As mulheres foram associadas as maiores diferenças no relato do comportamento de tela. Observou-se que os níveis de reprodutibilidade do módulo comportamento sedentário do ISAQ-A apresentaram satisfatória reprodutibilidade e concordância razoável em relação à medida direta do comportamento sedentário, sendo que as mulheres subestimaram o tempo de tela via questionário.

Measurement of Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior by Accelerometry Among a Nationwide Sample from the KiGGS and MoMo Study: Study Protocol.

BackgroundCurrently, no nationwide objective physical activity data exists for children and adolescents living in Germany. The German Health Interview and Examination Survey for Children and Adolescents (KiGGS) and the Motorik-Modul study (MoMo) is a national cohort study that has incorporated accelerometers in its most recent data collection wave (wave 2, since 2014). This wave 2 marks the first nationwide collection of objective data on the physical activity of children and adolescents living in Germany.ObjectiveThe purpose of this protocol is to describe the methods used in the KiGGS and MoMo study to capture the intensity, frequency, and duration of physical activity with accelerometers.MethodsParticipants (N=11,003, aged 6 to 31 years) were instructed to wear an ActiGraph GT3X+ or wGT3X-BT accelerometer laterally on the right hip. Accelerometers were worn on consecutive days during waking hours, including at least 4 valid weekdays and 1 weekend day (wear time >8 hours) in the evaluation. A nonwear time protocol was also implemented.ResultsData collection was completed by October 2017. Data harmonization took place in 2018. The first accelerometer results from this wave were published in 2019, and detailed analyses are ready to be submitted in 2020.ConclusionsThis study protocol provides an overview of technical details and basic choices when using accelerometers in large-scale epidemiological studies. At the same time, the restrictions imposed by the specified filters and the evaluation routines must be taken into account.International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)DERR1-10.2196/14370

Frontal asymmetry: A novel biomarker for physical activity and sedentary behavior.

Past research has demonstrated that regular physical activity provides a myriad of physical, mental, and emotional benefits. The decision of whether to partake in physical activity (PA) or remain sedentary appears to be partially influenced by motivational and emotional systems. Research suggests left frontal alpha asymmetry is a neural marker of approach motivation. However, studies have not explored whether habitual levels of PA and sedentary behavior relate to this neurophysiological signal. Across two studies, individuals completed measures of habitual PA and sedentary behavior using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form. Then, resting electroencephalography activity was recorded. Results of Study 1 (N=32, 72% women) indicated that more time spent sitting on both weekdays and weekend days were associated with less left frontal asymmetry (r = -.45, p = .027, and r = -.55, p = .005, respectively). Study 2 recruited a larger sample (N=96, 31% women) and investigated moderators. Greater levels of moderate (r = .27) and total (r = .29) PA were associated with greater left frontal asymmetry (ps < .05), and the relationship between sedentary behavior and less left frontal asymmetry was moderated by sex (weekday: β = .62, p = .011; weekend day: β = .41, p = .034). Our results suggest that left frontal asymmetry may be a novel neurophysiological marker for PA and sedentary behavior.

Does Heart Rate Improve Prediction Of Oxygen Uptake From Hip Or Wrist Accelerometer Output In Adults With Down Syndrome?

Heart rate (HR) may improve the prediction of the rate of oxygen uptake (VO2) from accelerometer output, but this has not been examined in adults with Down syndrome (DS). Addressing this issue may have implications for accelerometer-based measurement of physical activity and sedentary behavior in adults with DS. PURPOSE: To examine if HR improves VO2 prediction from hip- and wrist-accelerometer output in adults with DS. METHODS: Sixteen adults with DS (10 men; age 31 ± 15 years) performed 12 tasks including physical activities and sedentary behaviors. VO2 was measured with portable spirometry (K4b2, Cosmed) and accelerometer output (Vector Magnitude [VM]) with a hip- and a wrist-worn accelerometer (wGT3X-BT, Actigraph). We used multi-level regression to predict VO2 from VM alone and VM and HR together. We evaluated prediction accuracy with the absolute percent error and Bland-Altman plots. Analyses were run separately for hip and wrist accelerometer VM. RESULTS: Both hip- and wrist-derived VM significantly predicted VO2 (p <0.001; R2 = 0.74 and 0.49 for hip and wrist model, respectively). HR significantly contributed to both models (p <0.001; R2 = 0.73 and 0.55 for hip and wrist model, respectively). For hip data, absolute error did not differ significantly between the model with VM alone and the model with VM and HR (24 ± 27 and 26 ± 27%, respectively; p = 0.15). For wrist data, absolute error was higher for the model with VM alone than the model with VM and HR (43 ± 39 and 37 ± 38%, respectively; p = 0.017). Bland-Altman plots indicated zero mean error for all models and limits of agreement were wider for wrist- than hip-models. For hip-models, limits of agreement were similar between VM alone and VM and HR (-5.6 to 5.6 and -5.8 to 5.6 ml.kg-1.min-1, respectively). For wrist-models, limits of agreement were somewhat wider for VM alone than VM and HR (-7.9 to 7.6 and -7.4 to 7.1 ml.kg-1.min-1, respectively). CONCLUSION: Inclusion of HR does not improve prediction of VO2 from hip-accelerometer VM in adults with DS. HR may slightly improve prediction of VO2 from wrist-accelerometer VM. Overall, hip-accelerometer VM is better than wrist-accelerometer VM at prediction of VO2 during physical activities and sedentary behaviors in adults with DS. Supported by NIH Grant R15HD098660

Linking Activity, Nutrition, and Child Health (LAUNCH): protocol for a longitudinal cohort study of children as they develop from infancy to preschool age

BackgroundPhysical activity is known to provide important health benefits in children ages 3 years and above, but little is known about the effects of physical activity on health in very young children under age 3. LAUNCH (Linking Activity, Nutrition, and Child Health) is a study designed to expand the body of knowledge on development of physical activity behavior and associations between physical activity and other health characteristics as children transition from infancy to preschool age.MethodsPhysical activity and sedentary behavior will be measured objectively in young children over a period of 30 months. Each child will complete a measurement protocol at 6, 12, 18, 24, 30 and 36 months of age. The following factors will be measured at each time point: physical activity, sedentary behavior, anthropometric characteristics, and motor developmental status. Objectively-measured sleep behavior will be included as an optional component of the protocol. Parents will provide information on demographic factors, parenting behaviors, home and childcare characteristics, and the child’s dietary and sleep behaviors.DiscussionLAUNCH will employ a longitudinal study design and objective measures of physical activity, sedentary behavior and sleep in examining developmental trends for those characteristics in children between the ages of 6 and 36 months. Associations among physical activity, sedentary behavior, sleep, and weight status will be examined. Findings will inform public health guidance and intervention strategies for very young children.