Tooth Size Measurements Research Articles

A Comparison of Tooth Size and Arch Dimensions Among Measurements Taken Intraorally with 3D-Printed and Digital Models Obtained from Intraoral Scans.

To compare measurements of tooth size and arch dimensions among those taken directly intraorally with those made on digital and 3D printed models produced by intraoral scanning. Sixty-six participants were recruited. Intraoral tooth size and arch measurements were taken intraorally with a digital caliper. Digital impressions were taken with an iTero® intraoral scanner. The three-dimensional digital models were measured using a 3D diagnostics tool (OrthoCAD software). The same digital models were used to fabricate physical models using a resin 3D printer (Elegoo Saturn). The measurements were repeated on 3D printed models by using the digital caliper. The recorded parameters included mesiodistal tooth widths, transverse, and antero-posterior dimensions. All measurements were repeated to assess intra- and inter- examiner reliability. The validity of each measurement method was assessed by repeated measures ANOVA with post-hoc pairwise comparisons (p<0.5). The mean differences among three methods for all parameters were statistically significant (p<.05) but were considered to be clinically insignificant, except for the upper intercanine width. Direct intraoral measurements tend to be smaller than the digital and 3D printed models. The ICCs values indicated excellent intra- and inter-examiner reliability which demonstrates high reproducibility for all measurements on all model types. Direct intraoral measurements tend to be smaller than the digital and 3D printed models. However, the accuracy of measurements made directly intraorally, and on digital and 3D models from intraoral scans is clinically acceptable, except for the upper intercanine width. Key words:Tooth measurements, Accuracy, Dental models, 3D printing, Digital model.

Dimensional Accuracy of Two-Step Impressions Relined with Extra-Light Addition Silicone Material.

Objectives: Some small defects may remain in the impression after making a two-step putty-light body impression. The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the dimensional accuracy of 2-step and relined 2-step (3-step) putty-light body impressions. Materials and Methods: In this in vitro study, 30 impressions were made with putty, light body, and extra-light body addition silicone materials using the 2-step and 3-step impression techniques (N=15). An epoxy resin master model was made duplicating a maxillary typodont with left first premolar and first molar teeth prepared with a shoulder finish line and truncated pyramidal-shaped indices in the mid-palate and third molar sites. In addition to creating a reference digital model by scanning the master model, 30 master casts were scanned to produce digital models. The anteroposterior (AP) and cross-sectional (CS) dimensional accuracy of the models were compared with the master model using linear measurements. Moreover, tooth size measurements were made and compared using the root mean square (RMS). Two-sample t-test was applied to analyze the data (α=0.05). Results: The mean AP and RMS differences between the two study groups were not significant (P>0.05). However, the CS difference between the two groups was significant (P<0.001), and the 3-step impression technique showed smaller discrepancies in comparison to the master model. Conclusion: There was no significant difference in accuracy of the two techniques for single-unit and multiple-unit preparations. The 3-step impression technique had a higher CS dimensional accuracy.

Comparison of Tooth Size Measurements in Orthodontics Using Conventional and 3D Digital Study Models

(1) Background: The objective of this study was to assess which digitization method produces the biggest deviation in the 3D images of tooth size from plaster models made using alginate impressions, which are considered the gold standard in orthodontics. (2) Methods: The sample used in this study included 30 subjects (10 males and 20 females). Measurements were made on four types of models: (1) digital models obtained through intraoral scanning and digitized models of plaster cast made from (2) alginate impressions, (3) silicone impressions, and (4) conventional plaster models. Mesio-distal (MD) and buccal/labial–lingual/palatal (BL) dimensions were measured on the reference teeth of the right side of the jaw (central incisor, canine, first premolar, and first molar). Comparisons of tooth size between the methods were conducted using a repeated measurement analysis of variance and the Friedman test, while the intraclass correlation coefficient was used to determine agreement between the different methods. (3) Results: The results showed a similar level of agreement between the conventional and digital models in both jaws and the anterior, middle, and posterior segments. Better agreement was found for the MD measurements (r = 0.337–0.798; p ≤ 0.05) compared to the BL measurements (r = 0.016–0.542), with a smaller mean difference for MD (0.001–0.50 mm) compared to BL (0.02–1.48 mm) and a smaller measurement error for MD (0.20–0.39) compared to BL (0.38–0.89). There was more frequently a better level of agreement between 3D images than measurements made using a digital caliper on the plaster models with 3D images. (4) Conclusions: The differences in measurements between the digital models and conventional plaster models were small and clinically acceptable.

DIGITAL ANALYSIS OF TOOTH SIZES AMONG INDIVIDUALS WITH DIFFERENT MALOCCLUSIONS: A STUDY USING THREE-DIMENSIONAL DIGITAL DENTAL MODELS

The objective of the study was to examine the sizes of teeth, in digital models of patients with different malocclusions, with the help of three-dimensional measurement software. 68 digital models of 34 patients aged between 21 and 29 years were analyzed. A review was carried out to determine the participants according to Angle's classification, leaving 24 patients in the class I group and 10 patients in the class II group. Then, the patients' plaster models were scanned, using the Dentsply Sirona Cerec Omnicam Software 5.2 digital scanner, thus obtaining their digital format. NemoStudio-2022 software was then used to perform tooth size measurements. After analysis of the measurements, it was observed that the anterior and general mesiodistal sizes were not statistically related to the different malocclusions. There was also no difference between the groups in terms of values of the previous proportion, nor when evaluating the values of the general proportion between the groups. Finally, no malocclusion group had a significant relationship with the alteration of anterior or general mesiodistal size. The difference in mesiodistal tooth size of the antero-upper and antero-inferior teeth does not contribute to the appearance of Angle Class I, Class II and Class III malocclusions since there were no statistically significant relationships in this regard.

The precision of two alternative indirect workflows for digital model production: an illusion or a possibility?

ObjectiveDespite the clear drive from both research and clinical dentistry toward digital transformation, there are limitations to implementing intra-oral scanning (IOS) into daily dental practice. This study aimed to compare the precision of digital models obtained from two alternative indirect workflows to direct IOS.Material and methodsTwo indirect digital workflows were evaluated in this study. In the IOS group (direct), IOS directly obtained digital impressions of participants’ upper and lower dental arches, while in the Scan Impression (Scan Imp) group (indirect), a desktop scanner scanned silicone-based impressions of upper and lower whole arches that were taken with plastic trays. In the cone-beam computed tomography impression (CBCT Imp) group (indirect), a CBCT machine scanned the silicone-based impressions. Then, the precision of the entire arch and individual teeth for all digital impressions was virtually quantified. Following superimposition, differences between standard tessellation language (STL) files obtained from both—direct and indirect—methods were evaluated by color-mapping and measuring the surface distance between superimposed STL files. Furthermore, 18 linear measurements were taken from each digital model. ANOVA with repeated measures, Pearson coefficient, and intraclass correlation coefficient were used for intergroup comparisons.ResultsThe digital models obtained from the two indirect workflows differed from the IOS in some dental and intra-arch measurements but were considered clinically acceptable. Ranked against IOS, CBCT Imp models had greater precision, followed by Scan Imp.ConclusionDigital models obtained from two indirect, alternative workflows, desktop, and CBCT scanning of impression, have clinically acceptable accuracy and reliability of tooth size and intra-arch measurements, providing the use of proper methodologies.Clinical relevanceThere are some limitations to implementing IOS in daily clinical practice. However, several alternative digital model production techniques might provide an affordable solution. Although they may insignificantly differ in accuracy, all can be applied clinically.

Determination of Teeth and Arch Size Using Cone-Beam Computed Tomography in an Iranian Population

Tooth size and arch size are influenced by a number of factors such as age, gender, and race. Tooth and arch size measurements are important for orthodontic and prosthodontic treatments, and also in forensic medicine.

Assessment of accuracy and reliabilty of measurements obtained on 3D scanned models to conventional models

Aims and Objectives: To conclude on superior method of model fabrication and compare accuracy and the reliability of measurements obtained on 3D scanned models to conventional models. Materials and Methods: A total of 20 orthodontic study models were obtained from the department of orthodontics and dentofacial orthopaedics with a full set of permanent teeth from the right first molar to the left first molar and no anomalies of the crown. The plaster models were measured to the nearest 0.01 mm using the Aerospace Electronic Digital Caliper. Identical plaster models were scanned by placing each arch on the integrated rotary table (dental wings 3SERIES) .The acquired data was then processed and exported in stereo lithographic format using DWOS CAD/CAM software. Digital casts were later measured to the nearest 0.123 mm using 3D-Tool 64-Bit Free Viewer V13. Results: indicated that all measurements for the arch and tooth size measurements for both methods were highly correlated (r . 0.99; P\0.05).Cronbach α value of the data at T1 and T2 from incisal segment ,canine segment and the molar segment measured using the two methods was very close to the ideal value of 1, indicating high intraobserver reliability.

Digital analysis of tooth sizes among individuals with different malocclusions: A study using three-dimensional digital dental models.

It is aimed to examine the tooth sizes of digital models of patients with different malocclusions with the help of three-dimensional measurement software. Digital models of 252 patients aged between 13 and 25 years of age were included. According to the Angle classification, three different malocclusion groups were allocated such that there were 84 patients in each group, plaster models of patients scanned with the three-dimensional model browser 3Shape R700 3D Scanner (3Shape A/S Copenhagen, Denmark) and transferred to the digital format. 3Shape Ortho Analyzer (3Shape A/S Copenhagen, Denmark) software was used for making the necessary tooth size measurements. When the measurements were evaluated, it was determined that significant changes occurred between tooth sizes of individuals with different malocclusions. Generally, higher values were observed in mesiodistal and buccolingual tooth dimensions of class II individuals compared to other groups. There was no difference between the groups in the anterior ratio values, but when the overall ratio values were evaluated among the groups, a statistically significant difference was determined. Class II malocclusion group was found to have a significantly lower overall ratio of occurrence. Individuals with different malocclusions differ in tooth size.

The bears from Dmanisi and the first dispersal of early Homo out of Africa

We report on the taxonomy and paleodiet of the bear population that inhabited the emblematic palaeoanthropological Early Pleistocene (1.8 Ma) site of Dmanisi (Georgia), based on a dual approach combining morphometrics and microwear of upper and lower teeth. Given that the teeth of Ursus etruscus Cuvier, 1823 from Dmanisi show considerable size variability, their systematic position has been debated. However, a comparative study of the coefficients of variation for tooth size measurements in several modern bear species shows that the variability in tooth size of the ursid population from Dmanisi could result from sexual dimorphism. The analysis of tooth microwear indicates that these bears inhabited a mixed environment of open plain with forest patches, where they had a browsing diet with a substantial contribution of meat and/or fish. Comparative tooth morphometric analyses of modern ursids and fossil U. etruscus indicate that this extinct species had an omnivorous behavior similar to that of extant brown bears. The ecological interactions of the Dmanisi bears with other members of the large mammals community, including the first hominins that dispersed out of Africa, are discussed in the light of this new evidence.

Oro-dental characteristics in patients with hypermobile Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome compared to a healthy control group.

Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS) is a hereditary disorder that affects the connective tissue and collagen structures in the body characterised by joint hypermobility, skin hyperextensibility and tissue fragility. The aim of the study was to investigate the oro-dental characteristics including measurements of tooth size of 26 patients with hypermobile EDS (hEDS), differentiated by a genetic test, compared to 39 healthy controls. Interview, clinical and radiological examination on panoramic radiograph and cone-beam computed tomographic (CBCT) scan were performed. Statistical analyses included Fisher's exact test, paired t test and multiple logistic and linear models adjusted for age and gender. The experience of xerostomia (P=0.039), local anaesthetic insufficiency (P<0.001) and tooth extraction complications (P<0.003) were significantly higher in hEDS compared to controls. The debris index was significantly higher in hEDS (P<0.001), and the distance between the cement-enamel junction (CEJ) and the bone level on the upper left first incisor and molar and the lower right first molar was significantly larger in hEDS compared to controls (P=0.021, P=0.024, P=0.021, respectively). The crown heights of the upper and lower first incisors were significantly smaller (P=0.001, P=0.003, P=0.002, P<0.001, respectively) in hEDS compared to controls. When adjusting for debris index, only the distance between CEJ and the marginal bone level on the upper left and lower right molar was associated with hEDS. The results indicate that xerostomia, resistance to local anaesthesia, tooth extraction complications, poor oral hygiene, larger distance between CEJ and marginal bone level and small crown heights can be found in patients with hEDS.

Comparison of dental measurements between conventional plaster models, digital models obtained by impression scanning and plaster model scanning

Comparison of dental measurements between conventional plaster models, digital models obtained by impression scanning and plaster model scanning. To evaluate and to compare the accuracy and reliability of tooth size, arch width and Bolton tooth size discrepancy measurements on 3 Dimensional (3D) digital models obtained by plaster dental model scanning, dental impression scanning and conventional plaster models. This study was carried out on the maxillary and mandibular dental models of 25 patients with Angle Class I molar relationship and minimal crowding. Mesio-distal dimensions of the teeth, intercanine and intermolar arch width, and Bolton tooth size discrepancy measurements were calculated by conventional methods on plaster models, digital methods and on 3D models obtained from plaster model scanning and impression scanning. All measurements were repeated after three weeks for each of the investigated methods. Reliability of measurements was evaluated by Dahlberg formula and Pearson Correlation Coefficient. Comparisons of dental measurements between three methods were achieved with ANOVA Test. The repeated measurements were highly correlated for all methods. Method error was found within clinically acceptable limits. There was no significant difference between dental measurements on plaster dental models, digital models obtained from plaster dental model scanning and dental impression scanning. Results showed the methods being highly reliable and accurate for tooth size, arch width and Bolton analysis at total and anterior proportion calculation. Digital measurements of tooth size, arch width and Bolton tooth size discrepancy on digital models obtained from plaster dental model scanning and dental impression scanning showed high accuracy and reliability. There was no significant difference between the three methods for dental measurements.

Comparative study of reproducibility and accuracy in measuring mesiodistal tooth sizes using three different methods: 2D digital, 3D CBCT, and 3D CBCT segmented

To develop a 3D cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) method (CBCT method) for determining tooth sizes and arch dimensions and to compare the accuracy and reproducibility of that method with those of a previously described 3D segmented CBCT method (CBCT seg. method) and a 2D digital method. Plaster study models and CBCT images were available for 34 patients. For the first method, the plaster study casts were digitalized and measured using the 2D digital method. For the second method, CBCT seg. method, the CBCT images were sent in DICOM format to InVivoDental® Company for segmentation and conversion into three-dimensional images of the models. For the third method, CBCT method, axial cuts were performed on the CBCT images, and tooth sizes and arch dimensions were measured using Anatomage® software. Significant differences were found between the tooth size measurements obtained with the 3D CBCT method and the 2D digital method, but not for the intercanine width, intermolar width, and arch length. There were no significant differences between the measurements obtained with the CBCT seg. method and the 2D digital method. A 3D CBCT method has been developed. It presented good accuracy for the intercanine width, intermolar width, and arch length, but not for the mesiodistal tooth sizes. Model segmentation will be necessary for measurements of tooth size.

Tooth size discrepancy among different malocclusion groups in Sudanese sample

BackgroundMany difficulties encountered during the finishing-phase of orthodontic treatment arise due to lack of intermaxillary tooth-size matching. Bolton ratio is one of the most useful calculations for precise orthodontic diagnosis as it shows whether a correct ratio between dental proportions exists or not. ObjectivesTo determine the mesiodistal tooth width in anterior and overall Bolton ratios in normal occlusion and different malocclusion groups in a Sudanese sample and compare to Bolton's standard. Materials and methodsThe sample consisted of 196 (86 male and 110 female) study models with normal occlusion, Class I, II and III malocclusions, and the age of subject 17–20 years old. Tooth size measurements were performed by electronic digital calipers. Tooth size ratios were analyzed as described by Bolton. The incidence of mesiodistal tooth size discrepancies in the malocclusion groups was analyzed and compared between male and female. The anterior and overall ratios were compared with the ratios Bolton's study. ResultsNo significant difference in the anterior and overall ratios of normal occlusion sample when compared to Bolton's standard. No significant differences were found among gender. ANOVA indicated that no significant difference was determined in the anterior and overall ratios in different malocclusion groups. ConclusionBolton's values can be used for Sudanese population until a large representative sample is studied.

English

The size, form and color of the teeth must be in harmony with the oral and facial structures. The aim of this study was to measure mesiodistal width and shade of six anterior natural teeth of maxilla in a cross section of Central India population to act as a guide in restoration of anterior teeth in dentulous and edentulous patients. These readings were taken from 100 males and 100 females. The mean mesio-distal width and difference of each tooth on both side, combined mean mesio-distal width and difference of both side, most common shade of each tooth and difference of shade on both sides were estimated. It was observed that there is variation in mesiodistal width in right and left sides signifying that the anterior teeth are not mirror images of one another. Male subjects have greater mesiodistal width than females and right side dominates than left side. KEYWORDS: Mesiodistal width, anterior teeth, shade selection, artificial teeth. INTRODUCTION: Face is the most expressive part of human body as it determines an individual's identity. In today's world, looking good is a primary concern, as beauty in health is the 'new mantra'. The focus of dentistry in the present times is not only on prevention and treatment but on meeting the demands for better esthetics. Thus, dentistry has evolved from a curative to a creative science. The loss of teeth affects the facial appearance. Proper placement of tooth should be functional and esthetically pleasing. The size and form of the anterior teeth are important to not only dental esthetics but also are part of facial esthetics. It is a matter of great concern, when planning treatment to replace anterior teeth. The selection and arrangement of anterior teeth for edentulous patients has remained a challenging experience, especially when no pre-extraction records are available. Since it is difficult to establish firm, scientific rules or laws of esthetics for teeth arrangement, there must be blending of art and science of prosthodontics. The introduction of Dentogenic concept by Fisher and Frush has made the selection of teeth more appropriate with respect to sex, personality and age of the patient. The size, form and color of the teeth must be in harmony with the oral and facial structures. The width of the teeth is considered more critical than the length. It has been observed in various studies that there is variation in mesiodistal width of the right and left side signifying that the anterior teeth are not mirror images of one another. The artificial teeth available in the market do not differ in size for right and left sides and there is no variation for male and female subjects. In addition, there is no change in the shade of all the anterior teeth. These both factors play a major role in imparting 'denture look' to the prosthesis. Most studies done in this area do not include the population of Asia and India, one of its largest countries and no studies on measurements of tooth size and shade have been made on the Central Indian population. The aim of this study was to measure the mesiodistal width and shade of six anterior natural teeth in maxilla in a sample of Central Indian population.

An evaluation of tooth size discrepancies among different malocclusion groups in North Indians

Objective: A study was conducted to evaluate tooth size discrepancies among different malocclusion groups. Materials and Methods: This study consisted of 160 North Indian subjects, 50 normal occlusion group and 110 subjects with varying degree of malocclusion, that is, Angle's Class I (40), Class II Division 1 (40) and Class III (30) malocclusion, respectively. Tooth size measurements were performed on the study models by using a digital Caliper with a liquid crystal display digital output to the nearest 0.01 mm, and various inter-arch ratios were analyzed. Statistical Analysis: One-way analysis of variance was used to analyze the difference in groups followed by Tukey post hoc test. Chi-square test was performed to demonstrate the prevalence of tooth size discrepancies among three malocclusion groups. Results: Significant differences were found for inter-arch ratios between the groups. Conclusions: Anterior, overall, and posterior ratios were higher in Class III followed by Class I and Class II Division 1 malocclusion, respectively. Anterior and overall tooth size discrepancy was found to be 20% and 17.2%, respectively, in the malocclusion sample.

Gender determination from the mesiodistal dimension of permanent maxillary incisors and canines: An odontometric study

Introduction: Gender determination is crucial for identification, as the number of possible matches is reduced by 50%. The inert, mineralized structures of teeth resist post-mortem degradation and survive deliberate, accidental or natural change, better than any other skeletal structure. Tooth size measurements based on odontometric investigations in a specific population can be used in gender determination. Aims and Objectives: To evaluate and estimate the accuracy of using permanent maxillary incisors and canines for gender determination. Settings and Design: The undergraduate students of a dental college, meeting the inclusion criteria, were selected. After short listing the undergraduate students through the convenience sampling technique, a total of 300 subjects were purposively selected. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted on 300 subjects (150 males and 150 females), the mesiodistal dimensions of the maxillary anterior teeth were taken with the help of a digital vernier calliper and manual divider, with a sharp fine tip. Statistical Analysis: The collected data was subjected to statistical analysis. The data was subsequently processed and analyzed using the SPSS software package version 17. Results: The mesiodistal dimensions of the right and left maxillary canines and central incisors were significantly different (i.e., greater) in males as compared to females. Conclusion: The results of the present study showed that the maxillary central incisors and canines revealed a statistically highly significant sexual dimorphism and could be used as an adjunct for the determination of gender in individuals, as well as in groups, such as, in mass disasters or archaeological sites.

Comparison of Bolton analysis and tooth size measurements obtained using conventional and three-dimensional orthodontic models.

Objectives:The aim of this study was to compare the accuracy, reproducibility, efficacy and effectiveness of measurements obtained using digital models with those obtained using plaster models.Materials and Methods:A total of 20 digital models were produced by the Ortho Three-dimensional Models (O3DM) Laboratory and their software (O3DM version 2) was used to obtain measurements. Identical plaster models were used to obtain measurements of teeth with a vernier caliper. The maximum mesiodistal width of each study model, from first molar to first molar, was measured. All measurements were repeated at least 1 month later by the same operator for both digital and manual methods. The data were analyzed using Cronbach α, Wilcoxon signed rank test and the McNemar test.Results:Cronbach α value of the data at T1 and T2 for 6 anterior and 12 overall teeth measured using the two methods was very close to the ideal value of 1, indicating high intra-observer reliability. The Wilcoxon signed rank test showed statistically significant differences between the two methods (P = 0.000, P < 0.001). The measurements obtained using the digital models were lower than those obtained using the plaster models. No statistically significant differences were found between the two methods for anterior Bolton discrepancies (P = 0.375) or overall Bolton discrepancies (P = 0.00). Paired comparisons of repeated measurements for Bolton ratios showed no statistically significant differences for anterior or overall Bolton discrepancies (P = 0.688 and P = 0.375, respectively).Conclusions:Use of O3DM software is an acceptable alternative to the traditional vernier caliper method in orthodontic practice.

Validity and reliability of tooth size and dental arch measurements: a stereo photogrammetric study

Abstract Background: The development of three-dimensional computer imaging has many applications in dentistry, including the analysis of dental casts. Aims: To assess the validity and reliability of a dental stereophotogrammetric imaging system. Methods: The sample consisted of 35 sets of dental casts. Maxillary and mandibular dental crown widths and selected dental arch dimensions were measured directly using digital calipers. Cast images were also captured by a stereophotogrammetric system and analysed using Australis software. Dahlberg’s formula, paired t-tests and intra-class correlations were used to assess the random error, validity and reliability of the measurements, respectively. Results: Most values demonstrated no significant difference between the direct and three-dimensional measurements with mean differences ranging from 0.05 - 0.21 mm. Moreover, values of intra-class correlation coefficients ranged between 0.80 - 0.99 for intra-examiner reliability. Conclusions: Mesiodistal crown widths and dental arch dimensions may be measured accurately with relatively small error by the specially-designed 3D system and confirms its suitability for clinical and research purposes.

Accuracy of Tooth Development Stage, Tooth Size and Dental Arch width in Multi-Detector Row Computed Tomography of Human Skulls

In pediatric dentistry, examination of the development of crown or tooth root is essential to determine the physiological development age. Measurements of the tooth size and dental arch width are also required to predict normal occlusion and oral function, and to plan appropriate dental treatment. Some dental anomalies are keys to identify congenital malformation syndromes. In patients with behavioral disorders, it is quite difficult to take diagnostic dental models and pantomographs, since patient co-operation and stability in body movement for a few minutes is necessary while taking the dental impression and pantomographs. For patients with severe mental retardation and behavioral disorders, performing computed tomography under general anesthesia or deep sedation is easier than taking pantomographs while awake. The aim of the present study was to compare the tooth development stage on pantomographs and mesiodistal diameter measurements of tooth size and dental arch width of dry human skulls with the images of those on 128 multi-detector row computed tomography (MDCT). Based on the results, the measurements of tooth development stage, tooth size and dental arch width on MDCT images were clinically precise.

Intermaxillary tooth size discrepancies among different malocclusion groups

The aims of this study were to identify possible gender-related differences in tooth size ratios, to determine whether there is a prevalence for intermaxillary tooth size discrepancies in any malocclusion group, and to detect the percentage of tooth size discrepancies outside 1 or 2 standard deviations (SDs) from Bolton's mean. The material comprised the models of 500 subjects (284 females and 216 male aged between 12 and 28 years). Five groups were formed: normal occlusion, Class I, Class II division 1, Class II division 2, and Class III, which had an equal number of subjects. Tooth size measurements were undertaken using an electronic measuring device. Overall, anterior, and posterior ratios were computed as described by Bolton. For statistical evaluation, analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey's honestly significant difference (HSD) tests were used. A significant gender difference was found only for posterior ratio in all groups (P < 0.01). There was no significant difference among the malocclusion groups in anterior ratio, but the differences for overall and posterior ratios were significant (P < 0.05 and P < 0.001, respectively). A large number of subjects had discrepancies greater than 2 SD from Bolton's mean. In addition, the means and SDs in this investigation were found to be larger than those of Bolton. Intermaxillary tooth size ratios may vary in different malocclusion types and may, to some degree, contribute to the severity of a malocclusion.