Modulus Measurements Research Articles

Elastic Modulus Micro-Modelling of Graphene Nanoplates (GnPs) Filled Mixture of Epoxy Resin and PVDF Polymer Materials

The main objective of the present work is to develop micro-modelling of elastic modulus of graphene nanoplates (GnPs) reinforced mixture of epoxy resin and PVDF polymer materials. The weight percentage variation of graphene nanoplates are incorporated in the mixture ratio 10:1 of epoxy resin and PVDF polymer materials for the measurement of elastic modulus with the variation of weight percentage of graphene nanoplates under tension and compression. Results indicate that the elastic modulus under tension and compression increases with the increase of weight percentage of graphene nanoplates in the mixture of epoxy resin and PVDF polymer matrix due to inhancement of mechanical properties of mixed PVDF and Epoxy resin polymer matrix.

Non-invasive intracranial pressure assessment using shear-wave elastography in neuro-critical care patients

ObjectiveTo determine if Young’s modulus of the optic nerve (ON) structure as measured by shear-wave elastography can suggest changes in intracranial pressure (ICP) in neuro-critical care patients. Materials and methodsThirty-one healthy volunteers and twenty-two neuro-critical care patients were enrolled. ON sheath (ONS) diameter (ONSD) values and Young’s modulus measurements of volunteers were collected in a calm state and during a Valsalva maneuver (VM). Ultrasound measurements and ICP values of patients were collected on operation day and at 24 and 48 h after the operation; measurements were thereafter assigned to three groups: severely elevated (ICP greater than 22 mmHg), mildly elevated (ICP = 14–22 mmHg), and normal (ICP ≤ 13 mmHg). ResultsONSD and Young’s modulus for the ON and ONS of volunteers during VM were higher than those in the calm state (all P < 0.001). In contrast to ONSD, Young’s modulus for ON and ONS did not correlate with age, body mass index, or sex. The best cutoff values of Young’s modulus for ON for predicting elevated and severely elevated ICP were 16.67 kPa and 22.74 kPa, respectively. Accordingly, the sensitivity values were 96.7% and 88.9%, and the specificity values were 86.1% and 73.7%, which had the same diagnostic performance as ONSD. ConclusionYoung’s modulus of the ON accurately reflects changes in ICP. It is not confounded by age, sex, or body mass index compared to ONSD.

Quantitative nano-mechanical mapping AFM-based method for elastic modulus and surface roughness measurements of model polymer infiltrated ceramics

ObjectivesThe aim of this in vitro investigation was to assess and compare surface characteristics and nanomechanics of model polymer infiltrated ceramic network (PICN) materials compared to CAD/CAM resin composite blocks. Material and methodsFour model PICN materials sintered at different temperatures (Exp.125, Exp.130, Exp.135 and Exp.155) were investigated along with three CAD/CAM resin composites; Lava Ultimate (LU), Cerasmart (CS) and Grandio Bloc (GB), and one commercial PICN block - Vita Enamic (VE). Forty samples were prepared with dimensions of 14 × 12 × 2 mm for resin ceramic and VE blocks and 15 × 2 mm discs for model PICN materials. All samples were scanned using atomic force microscopy (AFM) (n = 3) at multiple locations and two different scan sizes (20 ×20 µm and 3 ×3 µm). Surface optical gloss (n = 5) at 60° was also determined for all the groups. Data were analysed using one-way ANOVA, and Tukey’s post hoc test (α = 0.05). ResultsResin composite blocks showed smoother surfaces compared to the PICN materials. The average surface roughness values (Ra) ranged from 7.75 nm to 31.21 nm and the gloss value ranged from 56.43 GU to 91.81 GU. The highest surface roughness value was found for Exp.125 (31.21 nm) while LU showed the lowest roughness value (7.75 nm) (the difference being statistically significant: p = 0.001). Variation was noticed in terms of nanomechanical mapping within and between the groups. Images generated from the elastic modulus map values clearly indicated that all PICN materials had more than one phase and very different components. ConclusionsCAD/CAM resin composite blocks exhibited higher gloss and lower roughness values compared to PICN materials. However, both the commercial and model PICN materials showed more stiffness than resin composite with the presence of at least two different phases. Sintering temperature appears to have a significant effect on material topography and nanomechanical properties. The model PICN sintered at 1550 °C showed a comparable range of elastic modulus values to those of enamel.

Ion Release and Surface Changes of Nickel-Titanium Archwires Induced by Changes in the pH Value of the Saliva-Significance for Human Health Risk Assessment.

The aim of this study was to explore whether changes in the salivary pH influence mechanical properties, surface roughness, and ion release from NiTi archwires with various surface coatings, and discuss the clinical significance of the findings. The uncoated, rhodium-coated, and nitrified NiTi wires were immersed into artificial saliva of different pH values (4.8, 5.1, 5.5, and 6.6). Released nickel and titanium ions were measured with inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopy at the end of 28 days. Atomic force microscopy was used to measure the arithmetic average surface roughness Ra, the root-mean-square roughness Rq, and the maximum height of the asperities RZ. The nanoindentation hardness (HIT) and Young’s modulus (EIT) measurements were performed. The change in the pH of artificial saliva is inversely proportional to the release of titanium from both coated and uncoated wires, and the release of nickel from uncoated wires. The surface roughness parameters of both coated and uncoated wires are unaffected by the change in the pH of artificial saliva. The change in the pH of saliva has minor influence on the hardness and Young’s modulus of elasticity of both coated and uncoated wires. The concentration of released metal ions measured was below the recommended upper limit for daily intake; nevertheless, hypersensitivity effects cannot be excluded, even at lower concentrations and at low pH.

Imaging the Local Nonlinear Viscoelastic Properties of Soft Tissues: Initial Validation and Expected Benefits.

Imaging tissue mechanical properties has shown promise in noninvasive assessment of numerous pathologies. Researchers have successfully measured many linear tissue mechanical properties in laboratory and clinical settings. Currently, multiple complex mechanical effects such as frequency-dependence, anisotropy, and nonlinearity are being investigated separately. However, a concurrent assessment of these complex effects may enable more complete characterization of tissue biomechanics and offer improved diagnostic sensitivity. In this work, we report for the first time a method to map the frequency-dependent nonlinear parameters of soft tissues on a local scale. We recently developed a nonlinear elastography model that combines strain measurements from arbitrary tissue compression with radiation-force-based broadband shear wave speed (WS) measurements. Here, we extended this model to incorporate local measurements of frequency-dependent shear modulus. This combined approach provides a local frequency-dependent nonlinear parameter that can be obtained with arbitrary, clinically realizable tissue compression. Initial assessments using simulations and phantoms validate the accuracy of this approach. We also observed improved contrast in nonlinearity parameter at higher frequencies. Results from ex-vivo liver experiments show 32, 25, 34, and 38 dB higher contrast in elastograms than traditional linear elasticity, elastic nonlinearity, viscosity, and strain imaging methods, respectively. A lesion, artificially created by injection of glutaraldehyde into a liver specimen, showed a 59% increase in the frequency-dependent nonlinear parameter and a 17% increase in contrast ratio.

Doppler hemodynamic liver index and hepatic elastic modulus: Advanced ultrasonographic techniques for non-invasive prediction of esophageal varices in cirrhosis.

Currently esophagoscopy is the gold standard for assessment of esophageal varices in cirrhosis. Predicting the presence of esophageal varices, varices needing treatment (VNT) and variceal grade by advanced ultrasonographic techniques using a combination of Doppler hemodynamic liver index (HDLI) (quantifying portal hypertension) and hepatic elastic modulus (quantifying hepatic fibrosis) would be a cost-effective and non-invasive alternative to routine endoscopy. Our cross-sectional study consisted of cirrhotic patients diagnosed using clinical features and laboratory parameters. Portal venous Doppler and liver sonoelastography were performed in selected subjects for obtaining measurements of HDLI (portal vein diameter/mean velocity) and hepatic elastic modulus respectively. Within 3 days of ultrasound, the subjects underwent upper GI endoscopy for assessment of presence, VNT and grade (F1, F2, F3) of varices. Subjects were divided into two groups (without and with varices) and data analyzed using XLSTAT. A total of 60 subjects (26 without and 34 with varices) were evaluated. Mean Doppler HDLI of subjects with varices was significantly higher (0.72 vs. 0.59, p <0.0001) with progressive increase in values with variceal grade, being highest in grade-F3 (mean 0.77). Likewise, mean hepatic elastic modulus was also higher in subjects with varices (28.9 vs. 12.6kPa, p <0.0001) and showed progressive increase with grade (51.1kPa for F3). For predicting presence of varices, maximum accuracy of elastic modulus was at cut-off of 14.5kPa (sensitivity, specificity 83% and 84.6%) and Doppler HDLI was at 0.66 (66% and 92.3%). Good inter-rater agreement was present (κ 0.66). Combination of Doppler HDLI and hepatic elastic modulus is an excellent non-invasive method for predicting the presence, VNT, and variceal grade and may obviate need for routine endoscopic screening in cirrhosis.

On the shear modulus and thermal effects during structural relaxation of a model metallic glass: Correlation and thermal decoupling

Pd40Ni40P20 (at.%) samples with different enthalpy states were fabricated through high-pressure torsion or sub-Tg annealing of the as-cast material. Subsequently, the underlying structural relaxation was studied by in-situ shear modulus measurements and modulated differential scanning calorimetry. The results show that high-pressure torsion leads to shear modulus softening and an increase of the nonreversible exothermic enthalpy, indicating a significant structural rejuvenation, while sub-Tg annealing causes shear modulus hardening and a decrease of the nonreversible exothermic enthalpy. The reversible endothermic effect which can reflect the fractional change of supercooled liquid with temperature was found to be almost identical for all samples, and independent of deformation or thermal history. The total heat flow can be well correlated with the shear modulus within the framework of interstitialcy theory. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the structural relaxation below Tg decouples into internal stress relaxation and β-relaxation. In addition, this work indicates that the processes of α-relaxation and β-relaxation in the metallic glass are of similar structural origin but occur on different spatial scales.

Temperature dependence of Young’s Modulus of alumina short fiber reinforced Zn–Al MMCs produced by pressure die-casting

Abstract Conventional pressure die-casting was used to produce δ-Al2O3 (Saffil) short fiber reinforced Zn–Al based metal matrix composites, containing 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30 vol.% fibers. The temperature dependence of the elasticity modulus of the composites and the matrix material were measured at temperatures from 20 to 200 °C, at 20 °C intervals. It was found that the modulus of elasticity of the composites gradually increased with increasing fiber volume, but decreased with increasing temperature. The rate of change in both, however, differed depending on the fiber volume content of the composites in such a manner that the higher the volume content of fibers the lower the rates of decrease in the modulus of elasticity values with increasing fiber volume and temperature. In addition, the data obtained from the Young’s modulus measurements over the temperature range studied were compared with theoretical results predicted by the shear-lag and Nielsen–Chen models and found to be in a better agreement with those of the later model.

Voltage activation of poly (ethylene glycol) diacrylate

Free radical polymerization of acrylate resins may be initiated by light or heat, but a direct electronic mode of activation is missing. Voltage activated free-radical polymerization would address this limitation if suitable electronic initiators are available. Herein, a selection of initiators and electrolytes investigate electronic initiation of diacrylate resins. Electrochemistry and rheometry are combined in a custom electrorheometer towards the evaluation of relevant structure property relationships. Viscoelastic material properties are measured as a function of voltage, chemical initiator, cumulative charge, and electrolyte. Upon cathodic activation, liquid to solid transitions with a maximum shear modulus of 139 kPa is observed while anodic activation failed to initiate gelation. Storage modulus and adhesion strength measurements demonstrate that voltage activation of acrylate resins is feasible, but further improvements in increasing crosslinking kinetics are needed before industrial applicability.

Chemically Modified Hyaluronic Acid for Prevention of Post-Surgical Adhesions: New Aspects of Gel Barriers Physical Profiles.

This study was conducted to provide information regarding the chemistry—including structure, synthesis, formulation, and mechanical properties—of two types of chemically modified anti-adhesion gels made of hyaluronic acid. Gel A (Hyalobarrier®) and gels B and C (HyaRegen® and MetaRegen®) that are used in postsurgical adhesion prevention. To date, little information is available on their physicochemical attributes. This information is necessary in order to understand the differences in their in vivo behavior. Methods: Comparative analyses were conducted under laboratory-controlled conditions, including measuring the shear viscosity, storage modulus G’, peel strength, and extrusion forces. Results: All polymers exhibited viscoelastic behavior. Polymer A showed a shear viscosity approximately three times larger than both polymers B and C (114 Pa.s−1 vs. 36–38 Pa.s−1) over the shear-rate range measured, indicating a possible better ability to resist flows and potentially remain in place at the site of application in vivo. The results of storage modulus (G’) measurements showed 100 Pa for polymer A and 16 Pa and 20 Pa for polymers B and C, respectively. This translated into a weaker elastic behavior for gels B and C, and a lower ability to resist sudden deformation. The peel test results showed a rupture strength of 72 mN (0.016 lbf) for polymer A, 39.6 mN (0.0089 lbf) for polymer B, and 38.3 mN (0.0086 lbf) for polymers C, indicating possible higher adhesive properties for polymer A. Tests measuring the extrudability of the hyaluronic acid gels in their commercial syringes showed an average extrusion force of 20 N (4.5 lbf) for polymer A, 28 N (6.33 lbf) for polymer B, and 17 N (3.79 lbf) for polymer C. Conclusions: Modified anti-adhesion gels made of hyaluronic acid differed in mechanical properties and concentration. Further clinical studies are needed to confirm whether these differences make one polymer easier to apply during surgery and more likely to stay in place longer after in vivo application, and to determine which is potentially superior in terms of preventing adhesions.

Highly sensitive flexible modulus sensor for softness perception and clinical application

The wearable sensors for softness measuring are emerging as a solution of softness perception, which is an intrinsic function of human skin, for electronic skin and human-machine interaction. However, these wearable sensors suffer from a key challenge: the modulus of an object can not be characterized directly, which originates from the complicated transduction mechanism. To address this key challenge, we developed a flexible and wearable modulus sensor that can simultaneously measure the pressure and modulus without mutual interference. The modulus sensing was realized by merging the electrostatic capacitance response from the pressure sensor and the ionic capacitance response from the indentation sensor. Via the optimized structure, our sensor exhibits high modulus sensitivity of 1.9 × 102 in 0.06 MPa, a fast dynamic response time of 100 ms, and high mechanical robustness for over 2500 cycles. We also integrated the sensor onto a prosthetic hand and surgical probe to demonstrate its capability for pressure and modulus sensing. This work provides a new strategy for modulus measurement, which has great potential in softness sensing and medical application.

Quantifying Region-Specific Elastic Properties of Distal Femoral Articular Cartilage: A Shear-Wave Elastography Study.

Knee osteoarthritis is a disease with the degeneration of articular cartilage as its main feature. Cartilage thickness cannot become a single index to evaluate cartilage degeneration, so it is essential to also evaluate the stiffness. The purposes were as follows: (1) to examine test-retest reliabilities of the elastic modulus measurement in distal femoral articular cartilage (FAC) and compare the changes in specific-regional of distal FAC, (2) to explore the difference in distal FAC stiffness and thickness between the dominant and nondominant sides, and (3) to examine the correlation between the elastic properties of cartilage and the thickness of cartilage. Twenty healthy participants were recruited. The stiffness of distal FAC at the lateral femoral condyle (LFC), medial femoral condyle (MFC), and intercondylar notch (IN) was quantified using shear-wave elastography (SWE). Intra- and interrater reliabilities were excellent for measuring the stiffness of distal FAC (ICC: 0.83-0.98). About a 50% increase in the stiffness of LFC (40.78 kPa) was found when compared with IN (21.82 kPa) and MFC (18.34 kPa). No significant difference was found between the dominant and nondominant sides in distal FAC stiffness and thickness. There was no correlation between the stiffness and thickness of the distal FAC. In conclusion, SWE can quantify the stiffness of the distal FAC.

Linearizing the frequency-stiffness relation in contact resonance atomic force microscopy for facilitated mechanical characterization.

To facilitate mechanical characterization by contact resonance atomic force microscopy (CR-AFM), a cantilever that could enable a near linear relation between CR-frequency and contact stiffness is designed. The optimized structure is fabricated through removing a rectangular slot from a conventional cantilever as a prototype, and the dimensions of the removed slot are determined by finite element simulations. We validate the target CR-characteristics on a silicon substrate with circular cavities covered by highly oriented pyrolytic graphite flakes, on which the contact stiffness can be well modeled. Elastic modulus measurements on different materials demonstrate that the linear relation provides a convenient yet accurate way to evaluate sample's elasticity. It could thus bring great convenience to various CR-AFM relevant applications such as mechanical characterization and subsurface nano-imaging. RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS: A cantilever that could enable a near linear relation between CR-frequency and contact stiffness is designed to facilitate contact resonance atomic force microscopy. The CR-characteristics are verified on a silicon substrate with circular cavities covered by highly oriented pyrolytic graphite flakes. Elastic modulus measurements on different materials demonstrate that the linear relation provides an easy yet accurate way to evaluate sample's elasticity.

Determination of the molecular weight between cross‐links for different ambers: Viscoelastic measurements of the rubbery plateau*

AbstractWhile much is known about the chemistry of amber, there are, to our knowledge, no quantitative estimates of the molecular weight between cross‐links or quantitative estimates of the amount of cross‐linking. In the present study we provide new data that advances our understanding of ancient ambers through an investigation of the network structure based on measurements of the rubbery modulus. Then, using rubber elasticity theory, we provide semiquantitative insights into the network structure. The work provides direct mechanical evidence of the chemically cross‐linked structure of a Burmese amber, a Dominican amber, a Fushun amber, and two Baltic ambers by quantifying the molecular weight between cross‐links . The values of of the studied ambers ranges from 1800 to 3000 g/mol, and the number of monomers between two cross‐link junctions is estimated to be between 6 and 10.

Micromechanics of soft materials using microfluidics

Micron-scale soft materials are finding a wide range of applications in bioengineering and molecular medicine, while also increasingly emerging as useful components for consumer products. The mechanical characterization of such microscale soft objects is conventionally performed with techniques such as atomic force microscopy or micropipette aspiration that measure the local properties of micron scale objects in a serial manner. To permit scalable characterization of the global mechanical properties of soft microscale objects, we developed and describe here a microfluidic platform that can be used for performing parallelized integrated measurements of the shear modulus of individual microscale particles. We demonstrate the effectiveness of this approach by characterizing the mechanical properties of multiple protein microgels in parallel, and show that the obtained values are in good agreement with conventional serial measurements. This platform allows parallelized in situ measurements of the mechanical properties of soft deformable micron-scale particles, and builds on scalable single-layer soft-photolithography fabrication, making the measurement system readily adaptable for a range of potential applications.Graphical

In Hamstring Muscles of Patients With Knee Osteoarthritis an Increased Ultrasound Shear Modulus Indicates a Permanently Elevated Muscle Tonus.

BackgroundSome patients with knee osteoarthritis (KOA) show pain, stiffness and limited flexion and extension at the back of the knee, leading to dysfunction and affecting life. This may be related to changes in the biomechanical properties of skeletal muscles. Shear wave elastography (SWE) can detect these changes by measuring muscle shear modulus.AimsTo investigate hamstring muscle shear modulus of healthy people and patients was studied using SWE method, and the correlation analysis between the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) score of patients’ subjective feeling and shear modulus of objective quantification was conducted.MethodsThe hamstring shear modulus was measured by SWE in 50 patients and 50 healthy individuals. Pearson correlation coefficient was used to evaluate the correlation between hamstring stiffness and shear modulus in patients.ResultsThe hamstring shear modulus were significantly higher in the KOA group [the semimembranosus (SM) 15.23 ± 7.23, the semitendinosus (ST) 15.94 ± 5.40, the biceps femoris long tendinitis (BFL) 14.21 ± 6.55] than in the control group (the SM 10.95 ± 2.41, the ST 11.25 ± 2.23, the BFL 9.98 ± 2.81) (p = 0.000, p = 0.000, p = 0.001). The hamstring shear modulus in the KOA group was moderately positively correlated with pain, shear modulus, and physical function score.ConclusionPreliminary results show that the shear modulus of the hamstring of KOA patients is higher than that of healthy people, the WOMAC score and the shear modulus of patients are moderately correlated. These preliminary results show that ultrasonic shear wave elastography measurement of shear modulus may be enough to sensitive, can detect these effects, more targeted in order to assist the doctor’s diagnosis and treatment.

Efficient demulsification of cationic polyacrylate for oil-in-water emulsion: Synergistic effect of adsorption bridging and interfacial film breaking

The development of reverse demulsifier is an urgent need for the increasing amount of produced liquid in oilfield. Synthesis of reverse demulsifier containing multiple characteristics is an effective method. In view of this, this study reports a series of cationic polyacrylates as the reverse demulsifiers, which were prepared by using 3-chloro-1-propanol to modify the copolymer of acrylate and N-[3-(dimethylamino) propyl] methacryamide (DMAPMA). The properties and performance tests showed that the PMD1 prepared by using methyl acrylate (MA) as monomer (mass ratio of MA to DMAPMA was 2:1) has well water solubility, high interfacial activity, and the best demulsification efficiency. For treating the produced liquid from an offshore oilfield, demulsification efficiency of PMD1 was 94.7% with 50 mg/L dosage, which was much higher than that of the reagent in use (15.7%). Furthermore, the demulsification mechanism of PMD1 was studied by oil-water partition coefficient experiment, zeta potential measurement, optical tweezers method, elastic modulus measurement, and coalescence kinetics experiment. Prominent demulsification ability of PMD1 was attributed to the synergistic effect of adsorption bridging via cationic group and oil/water interfacial film breaking by acrylate group. The cationic polyacrylate combines the advantages of polyacrylate and polycation reverse demulsifiers, which display a great application prospect in the petroleum industry.

Investigation of SiO2 thin films on Si substrates for use as standards for laser-acoustic measuring devices

Abstract We report on an investigation of the suitability of SiO2 thin films for use as calibration standards for the measurement of elastic modulus by laser-acoustic measuring devices. Film thicknesses for a range of thin film standards, originally developed for the calibration of ellipsometers, were obtained by X-ray reflectometry, ellipsometry, and metrological scanning force microscopy. Using the calibrated values of film thickness, a laser-acoustic method was used to obtain the elastic moduli of the thin films. Nanoindentation of the films, performed at two different laboratories was used to provide an independent measure of the elastic modulus values. The modulus values determined by nanoindentation and the laser-acoustic method were found to agree within 4.6 %, which was within the calculated uncertainty of the measurements performed. As a result of their high homogeneity with respect to film thickness and elastic modulus, their low surface roughness and the good laser-acoustic signal quality, the thin films investigated appear to hold promise as standards for laser-acoustic measuring devices.

A unified non-linear system model view of hyperelasticity, viscoelasticity and hysteresis exhibited by rubber

Rubber modeling is an old subject and so many models exist that it is difficult to have a clear vision of what exists and is more appropriate. Rather than attempting a standard review, this paper proposes classification using the traditional system modeling strategy, where raw measurements are either processed to obtain non-parametric models, or used to identify parametric models, whose accuracy can be controlled by order selection or by numerical implementation considerations. A full test campaign, including multi-step relaxation, low speed triangular and sine tests, on a large deformation compression sample is used to illustrate the need to model and combine the base behaviors known as hyperelasticity, viscoelasticity, and rate independent hysteresis. The equivalence between linear viscoelasticity and linear time invariant systems is used to clarify the link between order selection and accuracy of a generalized Maxwell model. Rate independent hysteresis is analyzed using a convolution product like the one used for viscoelastic transients by introducing a relaxation modulus. Measurements of the hysteretic relaxation modulus are used to propose strategies to measure the asymptotic hyperelastic modulus and discriminate between different hysteretic model forms. A parallel between Iwan and Maxwell models is detailed, and non-parametric models are used to show that the two overlap in the low frequency small deformation regime. Regularized rate independent hysteresis and non-linear viscoelasticity are finally shown to lead to a similar view allowing a transition between the rate independent and linear relaxation models. The instantaneous ratio analytic force and displacement signals, or instant complex modulus, is introduced as novel non-parametric estimation of sine measurements and shown to be a powerful tool to analyze and validate the fact that a force rate relaxation with non-linear relaxation frequencies is most appropriate to represent the non-linear coupling of all three effects.

Independent changes in bone mineralized and marrow soft tissues following acute knee injury require dual-energy or high-resolution computed tomography for accurate assessment of bone mineral density and stiffness

Musculoskeletal injuries often induce local accumulation of blood and/or fluid within the bone marrow, which is detected on medical imaging as edema-like marrow signal intensities (EMSI). In addition to its biological effects on post-injury recovery, the displacement of low-attenuating, largely adipocytic marrow by EMSI may introduce errors into quantitative computed tomography (QCT) measurements of bone mineral density (vBMD) and resulting bone stiffness estimates from image-based finite element (FE) analysis. We aimed to investigate the impact of post-injury changes in marrow soft tissue composition on CT-based bone measurements by applying CT imaging at multiple spatial resolutions. To do so, dual energy QCT (DECT) material decomposition was used to detect EMSI in the tibiae of nineteen participants with a recent anterior cruciate ligament tear. We then measured bone density and FE-based apparent modulus within the EMSI region and in a matched volume in the uninjured contralateral knee. Three measurement methods were applied: 1.) standard, QCT density calibration and density-based FEM; 2.) a DECT density calibration that provides density measurements adjusted for marrow soft tissues; and 3.) high-resolution peripheral QCT (HR-pQCT) density and microFE analyses. When measured using standard, single-energy QCT, vBMD and apparent modulus were elevated in the EMSI compared to the contralateral. After adjusting for marrow soft tissue composition using DECT, these measurements were no longer different between the two regions. By allowing for high-resolution, localized density analysis, HR-pQCT indicated that trabecular tissue mineral density was 9 mgHA/cm3 lower, while density of marrow soft tissues was 18 mgHA/cm3 higher, in the EMSI than the contralateral region, suggesting that EMSI have opposite effects on the measured density of trabecular bone and the underlying soft marrow. Thus, after an acute injury, altered composition of marrow soft tissues may artificially inflate overall measurements of bone density and apparent modulus obtained using standard QCT. This can be corrected by accounting for marrow soft tissue attenuation, either by using DECT-based density calibration or HR-pQCT microFE and measurements of local density of trabeculae.