Measurement Range Research Articles

Investigation of intra-fractionated range guided adaptive proton therapy (RGAPT): II. Range-shift compensated on-line treatment adaptation and verification

We previously proposed range-guided adaptive proton therapy (RGAPT) that uses mid-range treatment beams as probing beams and intra-fractionated range measurements for online adaptation. In this work, we demonstrated experimental verification and reported the dosimetric accuracy for RGAPT. A STEEV phantom was used for the experiments, and a 3 × 3 × 3 cm3 cube inside the phantom was assigned to be the treatment target. We simulated three online range shift scenarios: reference, overshoot, and undershoot, by placing upstream Lucite sheets, 4, 0, and 8 that corresponded to changes of 0, 6.8, and −6.8 mm, respectively, in water-equivalent path length. The reference treatment plan was to deliver single-field uniform target doses in pencil beam scanning mode and generated on the Eclipse treatment planning system. Different numbers of mid-range layers, including single, three, and five layers, were selected as probing beams to evaluate beam range (BR) measurement accuracy in positron emission tomography (PET). Online plans were modified to adapt to BR shifts and compensate for probing beam doses. In contrast, non-adaptive plans were also delivered and compared to adaptive plans by film measurements. The mid-range probing beams of three (5.55MU) and five layers (8.71MU) yielded accurate range shift measurements in 60 s of PET acquisition with uncertainty of 0.5 mm while the single-layer probing (1.65MU) was not sufficient for measurements. The adaptive plans achieved an average gamma (2%/2 mm) passing rate of 95%. In contrast, the non-adaptive plans only had an average passing rate of 69%. RGAPT planning and delivery are feasible and verified by the experiments. The probing beam delivery, range measurements, and adaptive planning and delivery added a small increase in treatment delivery workflow time but resulted in substantial dose improvement. The three-layer mid-range probing was most suitable considering the balance of high range measurement accuracy and the low number of probing beam layers.

Investigation of intra-fractionated range guided adaptive proton therapy: I. On-line PET imaging and range measurement

Objective. Develop a prototype on-line positron emission tomography (PET) scanner and evaluate its capability of on-line imaging and intra-fractionated proton-induced radioactivity range measurement. Approach. Each detector consists of 32 × 32 array of 2 × 2 × 30 mm3 Lutetium–Yttrium Oxyorthosilicate scintillators with single-scintillator-end readout through a 20 × 20 array of 3 × 3 mm2 Silicon Photomultipliers. The PET can be configurated with a full-ring of 20 detectors for conventional PET imaging or a partial-ring of 18 detectors for on-line imaging and range measurement. All detector-level readout and processing electronics are attached to the backside of the system gantry and their output signals are transferred to a field-programable-gate-array based system electronics and data acquisition that can be placed 2 m away from the gantry. The PET imaging performance and radioactivity range measurement capability were evaluated by both the offline study that placed a radioactive source with known intensity and distribution within a phantom and the online study that irradiated a phantom with proton beams under different radiation and imaging conditions. Main results. The PET has 32 cm diameter and 6.5 cm axial length field-of-view (FOV), ∼2.3–5.0 mm spatial resolution within FOV, 3% sensitivity at the FOV center, 18%–30% energy resolution, and ∼9 ns coincidence time resolution. The offline study shows the PET can determine the shift of distal falloff edge position of a known radioactivity distribution with the accuracy of 0.3 ± 0.3 mm even without attenuation and scatter corrections, and online study shows the PET can measure the shift of proton-induced positron radioactive range with the accuracy of 0.6 ± 0.3 mm from the data acquired with a short-acquisition (60 s) and low-dose (5 MU) proton radiation to a human head phantom. Significance. This study demonstrated the capability of intra-fractionated PET imaging and radioactivity range measurement and will enable the investigation on the feasibility of intra-fractionated, range-shift compensated adaptive proton therapy.

The Effectiveness of an Exercise Program on Muscle Strength and Range of Motion on Upper Limbs, Functional Ability and Depression at Early Stage of Dementia

Background: Dementia involves the loss of cognitive abilities and represents a decline from the prior level of function, which impairs functional abilities in day-to-day life. The purpose of the present study is to examine the effectiveness of an exercise program on the muscle strength and range of motion of the upper limbs, the functional status, and the depression of elderly people with early stage dementia. Methods: The sample consisted of 60 elderly people with early stage dementia who were randomly divided into a control and an experimental group of 30 participants each. The experimental group received a 12-week Otago exercise program with 45 min duration of each session. The control group received usual care without doing exercise. The outcome measures of muscle strength and range of motion of the upper limbs, the functional status, and the depression were assessed by valid instruments and tests at the beginning and at the end of the intervention program. Repeated measures one-way ANOVA and Mann–Whitney tests examined the differences between the two groups at the end of the 12-week exercise program. Results: Statistically significant differences were found between the experimental and control groups in the entire outcome measures (functional ability F = 9.35 p < 0.05; muscle strength right hand F = 32.33, p < 0.05 left hand U = 95.50 p < 0.01; e.g., range of motion shoulder extension U = 104.00 p < 0.01), except depression. Conclusions: Both muscle strength and range of motion of the upper limbs, as well as the functional ability, were improved by the exercise program. Further research is needed to investigate the present results, in particular to explore the long-term cognitive, behavioral, and functional status outcomes of exercise in the early stages of dementia.

Intra-cochlear electrode position impacts the preservation of residual hearing in an animal model of cochlear implant surgery.

Preservation of residual hearing after cochlear implantation remains challenging. There are several approaches to preserve residual hearing, but the configuration of the implant electrode array seems to play a major role. Lateral wall electrode arrays are seemingly more favorable in this context. To date, there are no experimental data available which correlate the spatial electrode position in the scala tympani with the extent of hearing preservation. Based on µCT imaging data, this study analyses the exact position of a pure- silicone electrode array inserted into the cochlea of four guinea pigs. Array position data were correlated with the extent of hearing loss after implantation, measured using auditory brainstem measurements in the frequency range of the area occupied by the electrode array area as well as apical to the array. The use of pure-silicone arrays without electrodes resulted in artifact-free, high-resolution µCT images that allowed precise determination of the arrays' positions within the scala tympani. The electrode arrays' locations ranged from peri-modiolar to an anti-modiolar. These revealed a correlation of a lower postoperative hearing loss with a higher spatial proximity to the lateral wall. This correlation was found in the low-frequency range only. A significant correlation between the interindividual differences in the diameter of the scala tympani and the postoperative hearing loss could not be observed. This study demonstrates the importance of the intra-cochlear electrode array's position for the preservation of residual hearing. The advantage of such an electrode array's position approximated to the lateral wall suggests, at least for this type of electrode array applied in the guinea pig, would be advantageous in the preservation of residual hearing for the apical part of the cochlea, beyond the area occupied by the electrode array.

Experimental Investigations of the AC-Conductivity in NaTaO3 Ceramic Materials Doped with Cu and Al Metal Ions

Two ceramic samples of sodium tantalate (NaTaO3), doped with metal ions of copper (Cu; sample S1) or aluminum (Al; sample S2), were obtained by the sol-gel method. Complex impedance measurements in the frequency range (200 Hz–2 MHz) and at temperatures between 30 °C and 90 °C allowed identification of a transition temperature from semiconductor-type behavior to conductor-type behavior for each sample (52 °C for sample S1 and 54 °C for sample S2). In the temperature range with semiconductor behavior, the activation energy of each sample was determined. Based on the Mott’s variable-range hopping (VRH) model, the density of localized states at the Fermi level, N(EF), the hopping distance (R) and the hopping energy (W) were determined, for the first time, on NaTaO3 samples doped with Cu or Al metal ions. The increase in N(EF) of sample S2 compared to N(EF) of sample S1 was explained by the decrease in the hopping distance of charge carriers in sample S2 compared to that in sample S1. Additionally, using the correlated barrier hopping (CBH) model, the energy band gap (Wm) and the hopping (crossover) frequency (ωh) at various temperatures were determined. Knowledge of these electrical properties is very important for explaining the electrical conduction mechanisms in metal ion-doped compounds, with perovskite structure being of interest for the use of these materials in the conversion of thermoelectric energy, photocatalytic applications, electronics or other applications.

How do I know this Law corpus is reliable and valid? Using a representativeness argument for corpus validation

Corpus findings are only useful if the corpus adequately represents the content and language of the target domain; yet few studies evaluate or report representativeness. This paper argues that corpus linguists should focus explicitly on the validation process. It introduces the innovative concept of a Representativeness Argument, which is an explicit statement of reliability and validity to enable defensible applications of a corpus for a specifically defined purpose and audience. Adapted from Toulmin's (1958/2003) argument model, its originality lies in its attention to both target domain and linguistic representativeness, and in the critical role played by expert judgements. To illustrate this approach, I present a representativeness argument for the 1.98-million-word ‘DSVC-IL’ corpus, which was compiled to investigate the discipline-specific vocabulary required for reading postgraduate International Law texts. The corpus is demonstrated to adequately represent target domain content, established by analysing modules and reading lists, and confirmed by experts. The language is shown to adequately reflect the domain through analysis of a 1026-flemma Single Word List, extracted using measures of frequency, keyness, range and evenness of distribution. List items are evenly-distributed in randomly-split corpus halves (rs=.98, p<.00). The list provides similar coverage of the DSVC-IL (26.37%) and other texts from the domain (23.87%). Moreover, Law experts confirmed the majority of list items were Law words. Together, the evidence supports the usefulness of the corpus and list for its explicitly defined purpose.

Validity and Reliability of Sensor-based Measures of Lower Limb Range of Motion in Soccer Players: a Cross-sectional Study.

A deficit in range of motion (ROM) is considered a risk factor for lower extremity injuries in soccer. Analog goniometers are used to measure the ROM of a joint. Sensor-based methods are increasingly being developed, but their quality of testing has not been sufficiently investigated. The purpose of this study was to determine the agreement and the intra- and inter-tester reliability of sensor-based lower extremity ROM measures in soccer players. 36 symptom-free male amateur soccer players (age: 26.3±4.7 years) were included in the study. Three out of five physiotherapists were randomly selected to perform the measurements. Two testers performed the measurements (1. ROM knee from sitting; 2. extension deficit knee from sitting; 3. ROM knee from standing; 4. ROM ankle dorsiflexion [DF] during lunge; 5. ROM ankle plantar flexion [PF] while sitting on a chair) with the digital sensor (index test). The third examiner performed the measurements with the analog goniometer using the neutral-zero method with the subjects in the supine position (reference standard). Pearson's correlation coefficient r, Bland-Altman analysis (BAA), and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) were used for statistical analysis (p≤0.05). Only measurements 4 and 5 showed acceptable mean differences of 8.4° (DF) and -10.2° (PF) in the BAA. Measurement 1 showed a moderate correlation (r=0.582). The sensor-based measurements of knee and ankle ROM revealed excellent intra- and inter-tester reliability (ICC =0.949-0.986; ICC =0.895-0.968). However, they showed limited agreement with the established reference standard used here, which can be explained by the different starting positions between the index test and the reference standard.

Multiprobe Planar Near-field Range Antenna Measurement System with Improved Performance

This article presents a novel multiprobe planar near-field range (PNFR) measurement system. The said system simplifies the overall mechanical design, making it simpler than the existing scanning probe PNFR measurements, and also significantly reduces testing time. A dielectric-based probe is introduced to reduce the antenna size, thereby improving resolution. The probe under consideration is an antipodal Vivaldi antenna offering broadband support and ensuring wideband characteristics of aerials. Numerical results for representative X-band antenna models, presented in the Matlab environment, demonstrate robust performance of the developed measurement system.

A high sensitivity temperature coefficient of the Au/n-Si with (CdTe-PVA) structure based on capacitance/conductance-voltage (C/G-V) measurements in a wide range of temperature

This study focused on revealing the temperature-sensing performance and rudimental electrical-properties of the Au/(CdTe-PVA)/n-Si depending on the temperature via impedance-measurements. The temperature-sensitivity (S) for constant-capacitance drive mode shows two-distinct linear-regions corresponding to low/moderate temperatures. The highest S value was achieved as 15.5 mV/K at 0.60 nF value. Nicollian-Brews and Hill-Coleman methods were applied to determine series-resistance (RS) and density of surface-states (NSS) values. The low RS values and the proper magnitude of NSS demonstrate the high quality and performance of the Au/(CdTe-PVA)/n-Si. Additionally, the electrical parameters obtained from C-2-V plots show almost temperature-independent behavior at moderate temperature regions. The low activation-energy values (Ea) determined via Arrhenius-plot indicate hopping of the trapped electron from trap to trap or conduction band dominates the ac conduction. In conclusion, the variations of electrical-parameters and the high S value consolidate the usability of Au/(CdTe-PVA)/n-Si as a thermal sensor in the low-temperature regions.

Validity and reliability of the chronic composite XA, an upper limb motor assessment using Active Range of Motion in patients with chronic stroke.

Upper limb (UL) spastic paresis has been classically evaluated with assessments of passive movements with limited functional validity. The aim of this study was to assess whether a composite measure of active range of motion (AROM, or X<inf>A</inf>) is valid and reliable in chronic post-stroke spastic paresis. The primary objective was to investigate the validity and reliability of a composite score, comprising multiple X<inf>A</inf> measurements, to assess UL spastic paresis in patients in chronic stages post-stroke. In addition to this, an exploratory analysis was conducted to identify which muscles should be optimally included in this composite score. A psychometric proprieties study. Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine Department. twenty-eight chronic post-stroke participants with spastic paresis. Composite UL X<inf>A</inf> measurement in twenty-eight chronic post-stroke participants (age=59±11 years; delay post-stroke=29±37 months) with spastic paresis was repeated twice about 40 days apart in a standardized body position. Concurrent and construct validity was evaluated exploring correlation with the Fugl-Meyer Assessment Upper Extremity (FMA-UE), Action Research Arm Test (ARAT), and grip strength (JAMAR™). Reliability was assessed by calculating intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC). Regarding the exploratory analysis, a linear regression analysis was performed to examine the value of including various muscles. Composite X<inf>A</inf> against the resistance of elbow, wrist and finger flexors showed strong correlation with FMA-UE and ARAT (r=0.88; P<0.001 and r=0.82; P<0.001 respectively) and a weak association with grip strength (r=0.43; P=0.03). Test-retest reliability was excellent (ICC=0.92). However, the most effective regression model also included X<inf>A</inf> against the resistance of shoulder adductors as well as forearm pronator (adjusted R2=0.85; AIC=170). The present study provided satisfactory psychometric data for the upper limb composite active movement (CX<inf>A</inf>), derived from the Five Step Assessment. For overall measurement of UL mobility after stroke, we strongly recommend including shoulder and forearm muscles to the score. Composite X<inf>A</inf> is a valid and reliable measure of upper limb motor function in chronic post-stroke patients and could be used in clinical practice and research.

How do I know this Law corpus is reliable and valid? Using a representativeness argument for corpus validation

Corpus findings are only useful if the corpus adequately represents the content and language of the target domain; yet few studies evaluate or report representativeness. This paper argues that corpus linguists should focus explicitly on the validation process. It introduces the innovative concept of a Representativeness Argument, which is an explicit statement of reliability and validity to enable defensible applications of a corpus for a specifically defined purpose and audience. Adapted from Toulmin's (1958/2003) argument model, its originality lies in its attention to both target domain and linguistic representativeness, and in the critical role played by expert judgements. To illustrate this approach, I present a representativeness argument for the 1.98-million-word ‘DSVC-IL’ corpus, which was compiled to investigate the discipline-specific vocabulary required for reading postgraduate International Law texts. The corpus is demonstrated to adequately represent target domain content, established by analysing modules and reading lists, and confirmed by experts. The language is shown to adequately reflect the domain through analysis of a 1026-flemma Single Word List, extracted using measures of frequency, keyness, range and evenness of distribution. List items are evenly-distributed in randomly-split corpus halves (rs=.98, p<.00). The list provides similar coverage of the DSVC-IL (26.37%) and other texts from the domain (23.87%). Moreover, Law experts confirmed the majority of list items were Law words. Together, the evidence supports the usefulness of the corpus and list for its explicitly defined purpose.

Enhanced magnetic behavior of LaFeO3 by co-doping with Nd3+ and V5+ substitution (La0.8Nd0.2Fe0.95V0.05O3)

To enhance the quality of applications of LaFeO3 (LFO) as a magnetoelectric multiferroic through the improvement of magnetic behaviour, co-doping of Nd3+ (20 %) and V5+ (5 %) was considered for partial substitution in place of La3+ and Fe3+, respectively. Co-doped sample of La0.8Nd0.2Fe0.95V0.05O3 (LNFVO) was prepared by solid state reaction method. Rietveld analysis of X-ray diffractograms confirmed the formation as well as successful incorporation of dopants (Nd3+ and V5+) in La3+ and Fe3+ sites of the distorted perovskite structure with Pbnm space group. Morphological features including information related to crystallographic phase were examined by TEM. Distortion due to co-doping helped to achieve the stated objectives. Valence states of dopants and host cations were explored by analyzing XPS observations. Detailed magnetic measurements in the temperature range starting from 300 K down to 2 K suggested that magnetic property was drastically enhanced compared to that of the undoped, which was attributed to mismatch of valence states, ionic diameters etc. between dopants with host cations. The doped sample showed antiferromagnetic to ferromagnetic transition at and below 19 K. All such findings related to magnetic property would be quite attractive for the improvement of multiferroic applications as the low value of magnetization of pristine sample of LFO restrict it to become a good magnetoelectric multiferroic.

Electrocatalytic Properties of Quasi-2D Oxides LaSrMn0.5M0.5O4 (M = Co, Ni, Cu, and Zn) for Hydrogen and Oxygen Evolution Reactions.

Designing cost-effective and highly efficient electrocatalysts for water splitting is a significant challenge. We have systematically investigated a series of quasi-2D oxides, LaSrMn0.5M0.5O4 (M = Co, Ni, Cu, Zn), to enhance the electrocatalytic properties of the two half-reactions of water-splitting, namely oxygen and hydrogen evolution reactions (OER and HER). The four materials are isostructural, as confirmed by Rietveld refinements with X-ray diffraction. The oxygen contents and metal valence states were determined by iodometric titrations and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Electrical conductivity measurements in a wide range of temperatures revealed semiconducting behavior for all four materials. Electrocatalytic properties were studied for both half-reactions of water-splitting, namely, oxygen-evolution and hydrogen-evolution reactions (OER and HER). For the four materials, the trends in both OER and HER were the same, which also matched the trend in electrical conductivities. Among them, LaSrMn0.5Co0.5O4 showed the best bifunctional electrocatalytic activity for both OER and HER, which may be attributed to its higher electrical conductivity and favorable electron configuration.

Experimental Measurement of Emissivity of Polished Steel Strips from a Continuous Annealing Line.

The long-term use of steel strip in various industries makes it an important semi-finished product, which makes it necessary to improve its chemical composition and mechanical properties, reduce its thickness and weight, expand the range of new types of steel strip and increase its production. This entails a large number of technological operations dependent on precise temperature measurement and control. In some industrial plants, the steel strip is in continuous motion, which makes the use of contact measuring devices impossible. When using non-contact measuring devices such as pyrometers or thermal imaging cameras, the emissivity of the materials being measured is a problematic parameter, as setting an incorrect emissivity value to the measuring device results in inaccurate temperature readings. The essence of this research was to establish a measurement method and to perform experimental measurements of the emissivity of a polished steel strip used in a continuous annealing line, the subsequent processing of the data from these measurements and their evaluation. The emissivity measurements were carried out for 5 types of steel strip of different parameters, while the measurement itself was carried out in the long wavelength range of 7.5-14 µm and at strip temperatures of 100-300 °C. Depending on the type of steel strip, the mean emissivity values ranged from 0.0835- to 0.1143. The emissivity of the steel strip increased with increasing strip temperature, and it was not a linear dependence. The emissivity values determined in this research could be applied to measuring equipment in actual production, which could improve the accuracy of temperature measurement in the heat treatment of polished steel strip. Thermal camera measurements in the long wavelength range, taking thermal images and their processing and determining the emissivity value of polished steel strips are the parts of this research that make it different from other already published research.

Conceptual design of visible spectroscopy diagnostics for DTT

The project of the Visible Spectroscopy diagnostics for the Z eff radial profile measurement and for the divertor visible imaging spectroscopy, designed for the new tokamak DTT (Divertor Tokamak Test), is presented. To deal with the geometrical constraints of DTT and to minimize the diagnostics volume inside the access port, an integrated and compact solution hosting the two systems has been proposed. The Z eff radial profile will be evaluated from the Bremsstrahlung radiation measurement in the visible spectral range, acquiring light along ten Lines of Sight (LoS) in the upper part of the poloidal plane. The plasma emission will be focused on optical fibers, which will carry it to the spectroscopy laboratory. A second equipment, with a single toroidal LoS crossing the plasma centre and laying on the equatorial plane, will measure the average Z eff on a longer path, minimizing the incidental continuum spectrum contaminations by lines/bands emitted from the plasma edge. The divertor imaging system is designed to measure impurity and main gas influxes, to monitor the plasma position and kinetics of impurities, and to follow the plasma detachment evolution. The project aims at obtaining the maximum coverage of the divertor region. The collected light can be shared among different spectrometers and interferential filter devices placed outside the torus hall to easily change their setup. The system is composed of two telescopes, an upper and a lower one, allowing both a perpendicular and a tangential view of the DTT divertor region. This diagnostic offers a unique and compact solution designed to cope the demanding constraints of this next-generation tokamak fusion devices, integrating essential tools for wide-ranging impurity characterization and versatile investigation of divertor physics.

The Influence of Liquidity on Bond Credit Ratings: Evidence from The Indonesian Corporate Bond Market

This study examines the effectiveness of various liquidity proxies in distinguishing between Investment Grade (IG) and High Yield (HY) bonds within the Indonesian corporate bond market. Utilizing logistic regression models across a dataset of 30,738 observations for IG bonds and 176 observations for HY bonds, we evaluated the impact of six liquidity proxies: Range Measure (RG), Hui Heubel ratio (HH), Market Share (MS), Interquartile Range (IR), Imputed Roundtrip Cost (IRC), and Trading Volume (TV). The findings reveal that the Imputed Roundtrip Cost (IRC) is the most reliable indicator of liquidity, demonstrating a significant negative relationship with the likelihood of a bond being classified as IG. This suggests that higher IRC values, which represent higher transaction costs, are associated with lower liquidity. In contrast, the other proxies, including the Hui Heubel ratio, did not show consistent or significant impacts in line with the hypotheses. The study concludes that IRC is the best measure for assessing liquidity in the Indonesian corporate bond market.

Electron–phonon coupling and a resonant-like optical observation of a band inversion in topological crystal insulator Pb1−x Sn x Se

The optical reflectivity of n-type Pb0.865Sn0.135Se and Pb0.75Sn0.25Se solid solutions was measured in the THz spectral region energetically corresponding to optical phonon excitations and in the temperature range from 40 K to 280 K. The first solid solution exhibits an open energy gap with trivial band ordering at all temperatures, while for the second one the transition from trivial insulator to topological crystal insulator phase is expected. The analysis of Pb0.75Sn0.25Se data performed within the dynamic dielectric function formalism revealed an anomaly of resonance-like character in the temperature dependence of LO phonon frequency. The formula for LO phonon energy renormalization reproduced observed anomaly for energy gap equal to zero, the phase transition occurred at T 0 = (172 ± 2) K. This effect was absent for Pb0.865Sn0.135Se. Present results show that reflectivity measurements in the THz range in the vicinity of LO phonon frequency can be valuable experimental method for precise determining of band inversion temperature in narrow-gap topological materials.

Clinical Results and CT Analysis of ISA Stemless at a Minimum Follow-up of 2 Years

IntroductionThe utilization of stemless anatomic total shoulder arthroplasty is on the rise. Epiphyseal fixation leads to radiological bone remodeling, which has been reported to exceed 40% in certain studies series. The aim of this study was to present the clinical and radiological outcomes of a stemless implant with asymmetric central epiphyseal fixation at an average follow-up of 31 months. MaterialsThis retrospective multicenter study examined prospective data of patients undergoing total anatomic arthroplasty with ISA Stemless implant and followed up at least 2 years. Clinical assessment included preoperative and final follow-up measurements of active range of motion (ROM), Constant score, and Subjective Shoulder Value (SSV). Anatomical epiphyseal reconstruction and bone remodeling at the 2-year follow-up were assessed by standardized Computed Tomography Scanner (CT scan). Statistical analysis employed unpaired Student's t-test or chi-squared test depending on the variable type, conducted using EasyMedStat software (version 3.22; www.easymedstat.com). ResultsFifty patients (mean age 68 years, 62% females) were enrolled, with an average follow-up of 31 months (24-44). Primary osteoarthritis (68%) with type A glenoid (78%) was the prevailing indication. The mean Constant score and SSV improved significantly from 38 ± 11 to 76 ± 11 (p<0.001) and from 31% ± 16 to 88% ± 15 (p<0.001) respectively at the last follow-up. Forward elevation, external rotation and internal rotation ROM increased by 39° ± 42, 28° ± 21 and 3,2 ± 2,5 points respectively, surpassing the Minimally Clinically Important Difference (MCID) after total shoulder arthroplasty. No revisions were necessary. CT scans identified 30% osteolysis in the posterior-medial calcar region, devoid of clinical repercussions. No risk factors were associated with bone osteolysis. ConclusionAt an average follow-up of 31 months, ISA Stemless implant provided favorable clinical results. CT analysis revealed osteolysis-like remodeling in the posterior-medial zone of the calcar (30%), without decline in clinical outcomes and revisions. Long-term follow-up studies are mandated to evaluate whether osteolysis is associated with negative consequences.

High-Performance Relative Localization Based on Key-Node Seeking Considering Aerial Drags Using Range and Odometry Measurements

High-Performance Relative Localization Based on Key-Node Seeking Considering Aerial Drags Using Range and Odometry Measurements

Motion Modeling and State Estimation With Bistatic Range and Doppler Measurements

Motion Modeling and State Estimation With Bistatic Range and Doppler Measurements