Meaningful Identification Research Articles

South Asia's unprotected poor: A systematic review of why social protection programs fail to reach their potential.

The incongruity between South Asia's economic growth and extreme poverty has led to a growing interest in social protection and subsequent implementation of anti-poverty initiatives. However, many programs have consistently fallen short of their full potential in reaching the poor. We reviewed the literature to understand the factors behind this failure. A search of EconLit, Global Health Database, MEDLINE and SocINDEX, supplemented by an external search, yielded 42 papers evaluating 23 programs. Inclusion criteria included social and political determinants of program outcomes. Articles were assessed for quality using the GRADE and GRADE CERQual criteria and analyzed using Thomas & Harding's thematic synthesis approach. We identified five themes: (1) structurally flawed program theories overlook the complexities of poverty and are rooted in simplistic cause-and-effect approaches; (2) elite capture through appropriation of benefits, powerful positioning in program implementation, and gatekeeping through relationships of patronage; (3) insufficient targeting strategies to reach the poorest; (4) neglect of gendered restrictions, hidden costs, lack of legal documentation, and physical and social exclusion; (5) active self-exclusion from social protection to maintain dignity, a perception that programs are substandard, and a lack of resources required. The review highlights the well-documented disconnect between South Asian social protection program designs and the ground realities of their 'ideal' beneficiaries. This stems from a dominance of Western-led poverty discourse that disregards the influence of caste, the challenge of effective engagement with a group whose identity remains unclear, and fast-paced funding calls that do not lend themselves to meaningful identification and collaboration with the invisible poor. We suggest this disconnect is intentional and reflects a broader power dynamic rooted in geopolitical interests and national priorities. Study limitations reflect the shortcomings of the existing literature, which largely uses quantitative research methods that fail to capture the multidimensional experiences of the poor.

A Manifesto for Rewarding and Recognizing Team Infrastructure Roles

The Scientific Reform Movement has highlighted the need for large research teams with diverse skills. This has necessitated the growth of professional team infrastructure roles (TIRs) who support research through specialised skills, but do not have primary responsibility for conceiving or leading research projects. TIRs such as Lab Technicians, Project Managers, Data Stewards, Community Managers, and Research Software Engineers all play an important role in ensuring the success of a research project, but are commonly neglected under current reward and recognition procedures, which focus on the individual academic researcher instead of the teams involved. Without meaningful identification and recognition of TIR contributions, we risk reinforcing the conceptual and practical division between academic researchers and TIRs. This situation is inequitable and detrimental to the research enterprise: the limited potential for career advancement for TIRs may cause them to leave for other occupations, ultimately leading to a loss of institutional skill, expertise, and memory. This contribution explores the evolution of specialist TIRs and the status of these positions in various settings. We provide three case study descriptions of TIR activities, so that readers may become more familiar with the breadth and depth of their work. We then propose system level changes designed to embed meaningful recognition of all contributions. Acknowledging the contributions of all research roles will help retain skill and expertise, and lead to collaborative research ecosystems that are well-positioned to address complex research challenges.

Characterization of excited states in time-dependent density functional theory using localized molecular orbitals.

Localized molecular orbitals are often used for the analysis of chemical bonds, but they can also serve to efficiently and comprehensibly compute linear response properties. While conventional canonical molecular orbitals provide an adequate basis for the treatment of excited states, a chemically meaningful identification of the different excited-state processes is difficult within such a delocalized orbital basis. In this work, starting from an initial set of supermolecular canonical molecular orbitals, we provide a simple one-step top-down embedding procedure for generating a set of orbitals, which are localized in terms of the supermolecule but delocalized over each subsystem composing the supermolecule. Using an orbital partitioning scheme based on such sets of localized orbitals, we further present a procedure for the construction of local excitations and charge-transfer states within the linear response framework of time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT). This procedure provides direct access to approximate diabatic excitation energies and, under the Tamm-Dancoff approximation, also their corresponding electronic couplings-quantities that are of primary importance in modeling energy transfer processes in complex biological systems. Our approach is compared with a recently developed diabatization procedure based on subsystem TDDFT using projection operators, which leads to a similar set of working equations. Although both of these methods differ in the general localization strategies adopted and the type of basis functions (Slaters vs Gaussians) employed, an overall decent agreement is obtained.

SYSTEM INTEGRATION IN THE MANAGEMENT OF ENTERPRISES: CONCEPTUAL AND THEORETICAL FOUNDATIONS

Abstract. The article is devoted to the development of system integration in the management of enterprises. A qualitative analysis of the development directions of system integration was carried out. Research methods were used: analogies and synthesis to highlight and combine signs of integration and self-organization of management; induction and deduction in the study of the processes of integration and disintegration; an abstract logical generalization of the experience of creating integrated management systems and qualitatively meaningful identification of the basic system elements to ensure the systems acquire an integrative status. The results of research work are summarized and a conceptual approach to system integration is developed. The essence of the approach is to achieve integrated status by the management system of the enterprise based on its acquisition of integration signs. The substantive essence of the approach is based on the symbiosis of cybernetic and synergistic approaches to management. This determines the combination of integration and self-organization of management. Such a conceptual synthesis has an applied application, which consists in using the integration basis of the management system. The basis will produce system integration signs during the integration process. Integrative signs will be connected with self-organizing signs in the management process. The implementation of the integration basis will involve the use of unified management elements in the integration process. Such elements are justified as common for the introduction of management systems (subsystems) that will be integrated, and reporting of an integrative nature. Integration signs will be practically embodied in integrated management solutions, combined with self-organizing signs, thanks to this approach. The basic theoretical provisions for the implementation of the conceptual approach to system integration will be based on the study of: integration and economic states, using complementary indicators of activity and integration signs, effect and degree of integration; informational and economic images of reflective business entities for the acquisition of integration signs in business processes; sufficiency of integrative quality in the informational presentability of integration signs in the interrelationships of economic, social, and environmental activities of enterprises. Keywords: integration sign, integration basis, reflection, self-organization, management system, state of the business entity, unified management elements

Impact of process of care in the short-term mortality in non-severe intracerebral hemorrhage in southern Portugal

IntroductionPatients with spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (SICH) face the worse functional and vital prognosis among all stroke subtypes. In cases of severe SICH, therapeutic inertia or nihilism complicates meaningful identification of outcome predictors. Therefore, we sought to investigate clinic-radiological and process of care predictors of short-term mortality in patients with mild to moderate SICH. Patients and methodsObservational retrospective community representative consecutive case series of patients from Algarve, southern Portugal. Logistic regression was used to identify predictors of short-term (30-day) death. ResultsMortality was 23.9% (111/464). Most important predictors of death were unconsciousness at admission (OR = 12.392, 95% CI = 3.816–40.241, p < 0.001), hospital arrival ≥ 6 h after stroke onset (OR = 2.842, 95% CI = 1.380–5.852, p =.005), hematoma volume > 30 cc/cm3 (OR = 3.295, 95% CI 0 1.561–6.953, p =.002), intraventricular extension (OR = 2.885, 95% CI = 1.457–5.712, p =.002) and ≥ 24 h in the Emergency Department (OR = 19.675, 95% CI = 3.682–34.125, p =.009). Stroke Unit (SU) admission reduced the likelihood of death (OR = 0.293, 95% CI = 0.137-0.682, p =.002). ConclusionThe observed mortality is high. Apart from the traditional clinic-radiological factors, in mild to moderate SICH, process of care related factors have strong impact on mortality. These results highlight the need of continuous improvement of SICH care to improve the prognosis.

Wątpliwości wokół projektu ustawy o Systemie Informacji Finansowej . Próba oceny proponowanych rozwiązań prawnych w kontekście rachunków prowadzonych przez banki dla innych banków

Uncertainties arising from the proposed act on the Financial Information System. An attempt to assess proposed legal regulations in the context of accounts held by banks for other banks The article is an analysis of the most significant issues related to the proposed act on the Financial Information System, which is currently undergoing legislative work to implement EU law into the Polish legal system, covering regulations aimed at ensuring the prevention of the use of the financial system for money laundering and terrorist financing, as set out in Directive 2018/843. Their objective is to establish centralized, automatic mechanisms (in all European Union Member States), such as registers or a search system, which are meant to enable the collection of relevant information on the identity of the holders of bank and payment accounts as well as safe deposit boxes, their representative holders and ultimate beneficial owners, taking into consideration the need to maintain the full confidentiality of the information obtained. As Member States are to determine the information that is useful and proportionate to collect in order to achieve the objective of minimizing the risks of money laundering and terrorist financing by enabling meaningful identification of ultimate beneficial owners of money transfers, whilst taking into account existing legal systems and practices, the article also attempts to assess the proposed legal regulations in the context of accounts held by banks for other banks.

Could a Focus on the "Why" of Taxonomy Help Taxonomy Better Respond to the Needs of Science and Society?

Genomics has put prokaryotic rank-based taxonomy on a solid phylogenetic foundation. However, most taxonomic ranks were set long before the advent of DNA sequencing and genomics. In this concept paper, we thus ask the following question: should prokaryotic classification schemes besides the current phylum-to-species ranks be explored, developed, and incorporated into scientific discourse? Could such alternative schemes provide better solutions to the basic need of science and society for which taxonomy was developed, namely, precise and meaningful identification? A neutral genome-similarity based framework is then described that could allow alternative classification schemes to be explored, compared, and translated into each other without having to choose only one as the gold standard. Classification schemes could thus continue to evolve and be selected according to their benefits and based on how well they fulfill the need for prokaryotic identification.

3D imaging of single bacterial cells using surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy with a multivariate curve resolution model

Imaging biomolecules within a single bacterial cell is crucial for understanding cellular genetic mechanisms. Herein, we exploited a surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) imaging strategy for single cell analysis. Cellular biosynthesized Ag nanoparticles (NPs) provided the necessary enhancement for SERS imaging. Multiple complementary techniques, including high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), high-angle annular dark-field (HAADF)-scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), were used to characterize the biogenic Ag NPs in cells. Three-dimensional SERS imaging maps displayed spectral information of biomolecules within the single cell. The multivariate curve resolution (MCR) model and principal component analysis (PCA) model were used to analyze the cellular SERS imaging maps. The MCR model, with a specific constraint of non-negativity, resulted in meaningful identification of biomolecules associated with Ag reduction. Focusing on the molecular level reveals that Pantoea sp. IMH utilizes several mechanisms to synthesize Ag NPs, including cytoplasm reduction by glucose or nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH)-dependent reductase, and extracellular reduction by an electron transfer chain containing quinone and cytochrome C. Our results shed new light on the Ag NP biosynthesis mechanism and single cell Raman analysis.

Groundwater environmental forensic investigation combining multivariate statistical techniques and screening analyses

Heavy metal contamination was identified in groundwater monitoring wells surrounding a waste deposit facility at the Rönnskär Cu–Pb–Zn smelter in Skellefteå, northern Sweden. The main objective of this study is to identify the sources of contamination, utilizing element screening analyses and multivariate statistical techniques. A second objective is to determine the usefulness of these techniques in Environmental Forensics investigations of contaminated groundwater at a complex industrial site. Water samples were collected from four groundwater monitoring wells and six waste deposit cells surrounding the contaminated area. Seventy-two elements are statistically examined and the dataset is reduced to the variables representative of the contaminated source material from the smelting process. A three-component model is identified and explains 88% of the total variation in the dataset. Component 1 includes concentrations of Cd, Co, Ni, Rb, Re, and Zn. This component displays a high correlation with two of the deposit cells and their associated groundwater monitoring wells. Component 2 is comprised of Sb, Cu, and Mo. This component displays a correlation between all monitoring wells and deposits likely due to the high mobility of these elements as oxyanions. Component 3 is dominated by As and displays high correlation to three older deposit cells representing a completely different source than for Components 1 and 2. The application of screening analyses and multivariate statistics in this study has achieved a meaningful identification of sources of contamination in the investigated area. It was also shown to be useful as an initial survey aiming to optimize a full-scale monitoring program at the site.

A comparison of real-time energy management strategies of FC/SC hybrid power source: Statistical analysis using random cycles

This paper presents a comparative study of two promising real-time energy management strategies for fuel cell electric vehicle applications: adaptive equivalent consumption minimization strategy (A-ECMS), and stochastic dynamic programming (SDP). An off-line algorithm –classic dynamic programming - provides reference results. On-line and off-line strategies are tested both in simulation and using a dedicated test bench completely consistent with an electric scooter powertrain.The hybrid power source combines a fuel cell, a supercapacitor pack and two related power converters. The system model is carefully calibrated using experimental data. This allows meaningful identification of parameters of the various strategies. The model data is determined using a motorcycle certification driving cycle.The robustness of each strategy is then analyzed using a large number of random driving cycles. Experimental and simulation results show that a specific SDP approach, based on Markov chain modeling, has the best overall performance in real-world driving conditions. It achieves the minimum average hydrogen consumption while respecting the state-sustaining constraint. Conversely, the A-ECMS results lack robustness and show poor performance indexes when facing unknown real world power demand profile. In conclusion, the present results indicate SDP is an interesting approach for future hybrid source energy allocation.

Identification of five types of forensic body fluids based on stepwise discriminant analysis

Peripheral blood, menstrual blood, semen, saliva and vaginal secretions are the five most common body fluids found at crime scenes, and the identification of these five body fluids is of great significance to the reconstruction of a crime scene and resolution of the case. However, accurate identification of these five body fluids is still a challenge. To address this problem, a mathematical model for differentiating five types of forensic body fluids based on the differential expression characteristics of multiple miRNAs in five body fluids (peripheral blood, menstrual blood, semen, saliva and vaginal secretions) was developed. A total of 350 forensic body fluids (70 of each type) were collected and tested, and relative expression of 10 miRNAs (miR-451a, miR-205−5p, miR-203−3p, miR-214−3p, miR-144−3p, miR-144−5p, miR-654−5p, miR-888−5p, miR-891a-5p, miR-124a-3p) in all samples was detected by SYBR Green real-time qPCR. Three hundred samples (60 samples of each body fluid) were used as the training set to screen meaningful identification markers by stepwise discriminant analysis, and a discriminant function was established. Fifty samples (10 samples of each body fluid) were used as a validation set to examine the accuracy of the model, and 25 samples (the types of samples were unknown to the experimenter) were used for a blind test. Except for miR-144−3p, the other miRNAs were selected to construct discriminant analysis models. The self-validation accuracy of the model was 99.7 %, cross-validation accuracy was 99.3 %, accuracy of the identification validation set was 100 %, and accuracy of the blind test result was 100 %. This study provides a reliable and accurate identification strategy for five common body fluids (peripheral blood, menstrual blood, semen, saliva, and vaginal secretions) in forensic medicine.

Volumetric effects in the degradation of dimethacrylate-based polymer/filler nanocomposites: A positron annihilation study

The applicability of positron annihilation lifetime (PAL) spectroscopy to identify volumetric changes in nanostructured polymer/filler substances is first verified at the example of commercially available dimethacrylate-based dental restorative composites Charisma® (Heraeus Kulzer GmbH, Germany) affected to light-curing photopolymerization and one-year dry physical ageing. Principal channel governing PAL spectra in these nanocomposites is recognized as mixed positron-Ps trapping, where positronium Ps (i.e. bound positron-electron state) decay occurs in free-volume holes localized preferentially in polymer matrix, while free positron self-annihilation is character for interfacial voids at the surface of filler-particles assemblies in the filler and/or mixed filler-polymer environment. Methodological algorithm for experimental PAL spectra refinement referred to as the x3-x2-CDA (coupling decomposition algorithm) is validated for these nanocomposites, obeying changes in atomic-deficient structure due to direct conversion between positron-trapping and Ps-decaying sites. Straightforward parameterization of the reconstructed PAL spectra allows meaningful identification of free-volume entities responsible for nanostructurization-driven transformations.

ПРОЕКТУВАННЯ БАЗИ ЗНАНЬ ДЛЯ СИСТЕМ КІБЕРБЕЗПЕКИ НА ОСНОВІ МЕТОДУ ЗМІСТОВНОЇ ІДЕНТИФІКАЦІЇ ОБ'ЄКТІВ

The article presents the results of research performed in the process of designing an expert system (ES) designed to assess the threats to information security (IS) of critical information facilities (CIF). The approach to designing of expert system on the basis of syllogisms and logic of predicates, and also a method of meaningful identification of objects of knowledge base (KB) is offered. The essence of the method is that each object of the database of the projected EU, is matched by a tuple of keywords (ToK), the significance of which is determined by experts. Thus, each database object is placed in accordance with the element of the finite fuzzy topological space of the database objects. Meaningful identification takes place on the distance between the objects of the database. The approach proposed in the work, in comparison with the decisions of other authors, has a number of advantages. Namely, it allows: to model different variants of cyber threat scenarios for CIF and their consequences; determine the contribution of each of the factors or components of the architecture of the IS CIF to the overall picture of the probability of a cyber threat to the CIF; model the interaction of all IS factors and, if necessary, visualize this interaction; calculate and further rank the values of cyber threat probabilities for CIF for specific threat scenarios; automate the processes of threat modeling through the use of developed software and significantly reduce the time for audit of threats. It is shown that the use of the method of meaningful identification allows to increase the adequacy of the models of the selected subject area, as well as to prevent erroneous introduction of the same judgments of experts and goals in the EU database, in particular by combining hierarchies of goals formed by different expert groups. It is shown that the method can also be used to find the goals of the hierarchy, the exact wording of which, according to keywords, is unknown.

Unconfirmed identity as an indicator of social failure of personality in different age periods

Personal identity studies in psychology demonstrate the relevance of studying this phenomenon and the concomitant problem of selecting methods that would allow the researcher to obtain information about the underlying layers of the personality. One of the methods available for this purpose − introspection, or structured self-observation − has allowed the study to obtain data on the content components, structural organization and qualitative specificity of the components of personal identity. The study shows identity factors and the intensity of identification processes in socially unsuccessful respondents. The study shows that the lack of positive reinforcement of society in the important for the individual activity is interpreted as the need to strengthen the signs of their own uniqueness. Unconfirmed identity is more intense, filled with meaningful external identification characteristics, and is a thing of the past. The analysis was carried out through the age specificity of personality identifications.

The Quest for Redemption: Central European Jewish Thought in Joseph Roth's Works by Rares G. Piloiu

Reviewed by: The Quest for Redemption: Central European Jewish Thought in Joseph Roth's Works by Rares G. Piloiu Carl Niekerk Rares G. Piloiu, The Quest for Redemption: Central European Jewish Thought in Joseph Roth's Works. West Lafayette: Purdue UP, 2018. 338 pp. Rares G. Piloiu's The Quest for Redemption offers a comprehensive study of Joseph Roth's fictional works, including a review of scholarship and some interesting side glances at Roth's journalism. The author argues for the centrality of Jewish thinking in Roth's work—in the form of a turn to tradition and a spiritual, at times mystical experience of authenticity and moral certainty lost in the modern, overly rational world. A central text for Piloiu is Roth's essay "Juden auf Wanderschaft" (1927), a text documenting Roth's confrontation with the primitive conditions under which many Jews lived in Eastern Europe and their remarkable spiritual resilience. Piloiu is interested in the notion of "redemption," understood, following Hasidic thinking, as an everyday, historical experience (43) that is at the same time mystical, religious, social, and also moral and individual (46–47). Faced with the unappealing alternatives of the bourgeoisie's assimilationist rationalism and an "emerging nationalism," Roth in his work promotes a notion of "redemption" that allows for "a more meaningful identification of the individual with the community and tradition" (51). The notion is admittedly vague, but Piloiu does make the convincing point that a similar turn to Jewish tradition can be found in texts by Rosenzweig, Buber, and, somewhat more distantly, Kafka, Freud, Benjamin, and Bloch, albeit in very different forms and shapes—nuances that sometimes get lost in his argument. How, for instance, does Austria exemplify the "order of redemption" (221) understood in a Hasidic sense? To me one of the key questions this study raises, but only implicitly, is how the model of redemption is linked to other images Roth invents to describe humankind's metaphysical homelessness—is there indeed one model underlying all of Roth's writings, or does his work rather offer a series of narratives, figures, and images all meant to illustrate the human condition but from a variety of perspectives? Is it indeed the case that modernity, rationalism, and secularization, in a world focused on the individual [End Page 99] but not the collective, are always and by necessity tied to each other? Or do Roth's fictional worlds, at times, also allude to modes of being modern that do respect diversity? Without a doubt, Piloiu's approach works well for certain texts. This goes for Hiob (1930), which is indeed a meditation on a man who, lured by the promises of modern society, leaves his homeland with his family, faces a series of major trials to eventually return to find peace and a spiritual home. Roth's Tarabas (1934) too can be read as the story of a protagonist who abandons a history of violence and undergoes a long process of redemption to eventually embrace tradition. But doesn't the same text also show how an investment in tradition and religion can lead to violence? It is the uncovering of a painting of the Virgin Mary that triggers the violence at the core of the text when the Jewish innkeeper in whose inn it is discovered is accused of having desecrated it, leading to what Piloiu describes as a "moment of collective psychosis" (158). The limits of the concept of "redemption" are particularly clear when one looks at the novel Radetzkymarsch (1932), of which Piloiu offers a reading I do not find very convincing (205–37). It is precisely the focus on "tradition" and the way the past is constructed (the story of the Hero of Solferino) and ideologically (ab)used in the service of empire that keeps the representatives of the second and third generations of the Trott a family from finding anything like authenticity or developing a moral outlook on life. Cannot Carl Joseph's heartbreaking love affair with Frau Slama be understood as an argument for a more modern attitude toward sexuality? Carl Joseph at the end of the novel indeed does act morally—he is killed seeking to provide his men with drinking...

Regularities of the Process of Organizational Changes in the Management Structure of the Enterprise

The article defines the content of the concept of “stability of the economic and production system”; obtained a meaningful identification of the concepts “sustainability of economic and production system” and “sustainability of organizational development of economic and production system”, the difference between which is taken into account the dynamics. The regularities of the enterprise development processes are determined, namely the consideration of the nature and regularities of organizational transformations of the enterprise management structure in the context of ensuring its sustainable development takes place within two conceptual approaches – subjective and objective, the differences between which are related to their inherent differences. in determining the goals, driving forces and mechanisms of such transformations; regularities of the processes of organizational development of the economic and production system of the enterprise are developed. The dynamics of internal organizational changes in the context of enterprise development will be determined by the potential impact of such changes on its adaptive properties, which, in turn, will further find appropriate expression in the formation of adequate potential responses to external stimuli. This approach largely corresponds to the position for which the company is considered in terms of socio-economic system of a higher level of organization. In addition, such an approach can also be considered acceptable and productive in predicting the dynamics of enterprise development by the participant of interaction with him. The application of a subjective approach, based on the consi- deration of organizational transformations as a manifestation of adaptive and (or) purposeful variability of the enterprise, also finds, in particular, fruitful application in the concept of business process reengineering.

A Low-Cost, Portable Solution for Stress and Relaxation Estimation Based on a Real-Time Fuzzy Algorithm

Goal: This paper proposes a reliable stress and relaxation level estimation algorithm that is implemented in a portable, low-cost hardware device and executed in real time. The main objective of this work is to offer an affordable and “ready-to-go” solution for medical and personal environments, in which the detection of the arousal level of a person is crucial. Methods: To achieve meaningful identification of stress and relaxation, a fuzzy algorithm based on expert knowledge is built according to parameters extracted from physiological records. In addition to the heart rate, parameters extracted from the galvanic skin response and breath are employed to extend the results. Moreover, this algorithm achieves accurate results with a restricted computational load and can be implemented in a miniaturized low-cost prototype. The developed solution includes standard and actively shielded electrodes that are connected to an Arduino device for acquisition, while parameter extraction and fuzzy processing are conducted with a more powerful Raspberry Pi board. The proposed solution is validated using real physiological registers from 42 subjects collected using BIOPAC MP36 hardware. Additionally, a real-time acquisition, processing and remote cloud storage service is integrated via IoT wireless technology. Results: Robust identification of stress and relaxation is achieved, with F1 scores of 91.15% and 96.61%, respectively. Moreover, processing is performed using a 20-second sliding window; thus, only a small frame of context is required. Significance: This work presents a reliable solution for identifying stress and relaxation levels in real time, which can lead to the production of low-cost commercial devices for use in medical and personal environments.

Practicing the National Curriculum Standards: From standard to actual classroom practice

The purpose of this study is to propose an effective measure to apply the standards of national curriculum into the actual classroom practice. In order to achieve this purpose, this study examines the current status and problems both in the theoretical and in the practical aspects, and suggests the practical measures of applying the national curriculum standards. The current national curriculum standards should be structured to have a more vertical and horizontal consistency in each grade and subject, and should be supported so that reconstruction should not be difficult in the actual classroom practice. Therefore, this study proposes top-down curriculum design first. In the subject level, it is also necessary to state standards more clearly and accurately to enable more meaningful identification. And it is also suggested that the applicable standards could be set in the Standards Guidelines or any booklet for supervision developed by each regional education office. It can serve as a guide when developing the school(teacher) curriculum standards by presenting specific and distinctive features of each region. Finally, the Enactment plan should be established through collective and professional consultation process such as curriculum study groups or learning communities. It is anticipated that the possibility of implementing national curriculum standards on the actual classroom practice will be higher than it is now when they are applied to classrooms creatively and voluntarily.

Single-cell protein analysis in support of biomarker evaluation for breast cancer immunotherapeutics.

10 Background: Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is being tested for PD-1/PD-L1 checkpoint inhibitors combination therapy. The relationship between tumor expression of PD-L1 and patient outcomes has been established using immunohistochemistry (IHC) biomarker assays across various malignancies. PD-L1 is expressed in tumor and immune cells within the tumors in TNBC, but only immune-cell PD-L1 is associated with response to anti-PD-L1 (atezolizumab) so differentiating tumor vs. immune PD-L1 expression is essential. The currently available IHC biomarker assays that relay on tissue biopsies struggle to provide clinically meaningful identification of responders vs. non-responders. Poor sensitivity and specificity is partially attributed to tumor heterogeneity that is not well-represented in these biopsies. In addition, PD-L1 expression may vary over time due to disease progression or treatment. Since tissue biopsy collection is often an invasive procedure, it is restricted. Needle biopsies can mitigate some of these issues as a minimally invasive method to probe multiple regions within several cancer lesions across several time points. MILO, a new single cell Western Blot (WB) technology allows quantitative measurements of multiple protein biomarkers within one cell in small samples. Methods: To evaluate the capability of MILO to differentiate between PD-L1 in immune and tumor cell populations, we interrogated BC cell lines as well as peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) mixed in known ratios. We used MDA-MB-231 that shows high PD-L1 and low HER2 expression and BT-474, which shows the inverse expression profile for these biomarkers along with PBMCs as PD-L1+ immune cells. Primary breast tumor tissues are currently interrogated to establish utility in needle biopsies. Results: MILO demonstrated heterogeneity at the single-cell level of HER2 and PD-L1 expression in BC tumor cells and enabled differentiation between PD-L1 expression in immune vs. tumor cells using cell-specific markers and low cell numbers. Conclusions: MILO can improve patient selection and prediction of response to immune checkpoint inhibition by promoting the utility of needle biopsies to complement IHC of core biopsies.

Analiza motivacionog govora selektora pred finalnu utakmicu Svetskog prvenstva u fudbalu za mlade igrače FIFA (CE/20)

In modern literature, it is most often stated that a sports coach should be moral, authoritative, educated, communicative, etc. Undoubtedly, a coach should be such a person, but we know relatively little about what a successful coach really is. A coach is driven by his knowledge, experience, but also by his implicit philosophy, i.e. deeper and hidden motivational factors, beliefs and attitudes about himself, his own role as well as about individual athletes or a team as a whole. Practice has shown that these coaching attributes affect functioning of a sports team. The aim of this paper was a pedagogical overview of a sports coach's educational work. e subject of this paper referred to the knowledge that could be classified into the implicit philosophy of a successful coach. The methodological context was the application of the discourse analysis in semantic and meaningful identification of a successful coach's motivational speech. Searching for an answer to the aim and subject of this paper, we performed the analysis of the motivational speech held by the national coach Paunovic to the players of Serbian U-20 football national team before the final FIFA U-20 World Cup match against Brazil in New Zealand (2015). Applying some methodological steps, the speech of the coach Paunović was divided into three discourse units, analyzed through the messages he sent to the players. The results of the analysis indicate that the coach's messages were characterized by dignity as well as by calling for unity and responsibility. There were no messages relating to depreciation or exaggeration of the opponent's team, there were no professional advice, threats or expressing negative emotions. e conclusion of this analysis implies explicit messages relevant for pedagogy, psychology, sports axiology, but also for technology of sports and football respectively.