Mean Hemoglobin Values Research Articles

Assessing the factors influencing the severity of anemia in tribal women of Malkangiri, Odisha, India

Background: Anemia is a serious public health concern with a high prevalence in tribal communities' women in India. Despite several implementations to strengthen the maternal health and nutrition program, anemia persists. Objectives: The objectives of this study were to estimate anemia prevalence and to examine the predictors of anemia among Koya and Matia tribal women in a district of Odisha, Malkangiri. Materials and Methods: For this study, a cross-sectional survey was conducted among 519 tribal (Koya- 326) and (Matia- 193) women aged 15-49 years. A pre-tested schedule was used to collect data on different demographic variables, and a Hemoglobin (Hb) meter was used to estimate Hb level. Prevalence of anemia among tribal women was estimated and Chi-Square and Multinomial logistics regression were used to find the association. Results: The mean hemoglobin value in the overall sample (n=519) was 7.86±1.77. The results showed that 34.35% of Koya and 33.67% of Matia were severely anemic, while 56.13% of Koya and 55.43% of Matia were moderately anemic, and mild anemia was reported to be 3.68 in Koya and 4.14 in Matia's women. Early marriage, women's age at first childbirth, parity, were major factors influencing the severity of anemia. Conclusion: The high prevalence of anemia among both communities' tribal women necessitates immediate action through targeted interventions to enhance and ensure widespread coverage of anemia control programs, especially in tribal areas.

A clinical case of successful nursing of a low birth weight premature baby by gestational age

The incidence of early anemia, NEC (necrotizing enterocolitis), retinopathy increases in children born at gestational age 31.6 weeks with ENMT (extremely low birth weight) and small size by gestational age. These diseases against the background of ENMT are severe and often lead to an unfavorable outcome. The incidence of early anemia of prematurity ranges from 16.5 to 91.3% and has an inverse correlation with gestational age and birth weight. Early anemia of prematurity is a hematologic syndrome characterized by a decrease in hemoglobin and/or hematocrit by more than 2 standard deviations from the mean values of hemoglobin and/or hematocrit for a given postnatal age in premature infants, developing in the 3rd to 10th week of life. The average incidence of necrotizing enterocolitis is 2.4:1000 newborns (1 to 10:1000), or about 2.1% (1 to 7%) of all infants admitted to neonatal intensive care units. The incidence of the disease increases with decreasing gestational age of the child at birth. Gradual increase of parenteral nutrition reduces the risk of NEC or death in preterm neonates with ENMT (extremely low birth weight), as well as neonates with antenatal NMT (low birth weight).

Diabetes and Anaemia: A Myth or Reality.

Chronic diabetes develops when the pancreas does not release enough insulin or the body cannot use it. Anemia is a disorder characterized by reduced hemoglobin or red blood cells. The body needs hemoglobin to transport oxygen. Diabetics with anemia may have micro and macro vascular problems, lowering quality of life and increasing medical costs. To examine the prevalence of anemia among type 2 diabetics, its predictive value, and the connection between anemia and type 2 diabetes. A prospective study was conducted on 2000 people with and without type 2 diabetes at the medical and diabetology wards of Punjab's Desh Bhagat University and hospital for medicine and health sciences from June 2022 to June 2023. A statistical significance threshold of 0.005 determined that the mean hemoglobin value was 8.44 in oral hypoglycemics, 7.93 in insulin, and 4.45 in combined insulin and oral hypoglycaemics. Diabetics with type 2 diabetes mellitus and anemia were more likely to have CAD, making anemia a chronic condition that negatively impacts quality of life and accelerates disease consequences.

Hemoglobin and Its Relationship with Fatigue in Long-COVID Patients Three to Six Months after SARS-CoV-2 Infection.

Background: While some long-term effects of COVID-19 are respiratory in nature, a non-respiratory effect gaining attention has been a decline in hemoglobin, potentially mediated by inflammatory processes. In this study, we examined the correlations between hemoglobin levels and inflammatory biomarkers and evaluated the association between hemoglobin and fatigue in a cohort of Long-COVID patients. Methods: This prospective cohort study in the Netherlands evaluated 95 (mostly hospitalized) patients, aged 40-65 years, 3-6 months post SARS-CoV-2 infection, examining their venous hemoglobin concentration, anemia (hemoglobin < 7.5 mmol/L in women and <8.5 mmol/L in men), inflammatory blood biomarkers, average FSS (Fatigue Severity Score), demographics, and clinical features. Follow-up hemoglobin was compared against hemoglobin during acute infection. Spearman correlation was used for assessing the relationship between hemoglobin concentrations and inflammatory biomarkers, and the association between hemoglobin and fatigue was examined using logistic regression. Results: In total, 11 (16.4%) participants were suffering from anemia 3-6 months after SARS-CoV-2 infection. The mean hemoglobin value increased by 0.3 mmol/L 3-6 months after infection compared to the hemoglobin during the acute phase (p-value = 0.003). Whilst logistic regression showed that a 1 mmol/L greater increase in hemoglobin is related to a decrease in experiencing fatigue in Long-COVID patients (adjusted OR 0.38 [95%CI 0.13-1.09]), we observed no correlations between hemoglobin and any of the inflammatory biomarkers examined. Conclusion: Our results indicate that hemoglobin impairment might play a role in developing Long-COVID fatigue. Further investigation is necessary to identify the precise mechanism causing hemoglobin alteration in these patients.

Extravasated contrast volumetric assessment on computed tomography angiography in gastrointestinal bleeding: A useful predictor of positive angiographic findings

BACKGROUND Gastrointestinal bleeding (GIB) is a severe and potentially life-threatening condition, especially in cases of delayed treatment. Computed tomography angiography (CTA) plays a pivotal role in the early identification of upper and lower GIB and in the prompt treatment of the haemorrhage. AIM To determine whether a volumetric estimation of the extravasated contrast at CTA in GIB may be a predictor of subsequent positive angiographic findings. METHODS In this retrospective single-centre study, 35 patients (22 men; median age 69 years; range 16-92 years) admitted to our institution for active GIB detected at CTA and further submitted to catheter angiography between January 2018 and February 2022 were enrolled. Twenty-three (65.7%) patients underwent endoscopy before CTA. Bleeding volumetry was evaluated in both arterial and venous phases via a semi-automated dedicated software. Bleeding rate was obtained from volume change between the two phases and standardised for unit time. Patients were divided into two groups, according to the angiographic signs and their concordance with CTA. RESULTS Upper bleeding accounted for 42.9% and lower GIB for 57.1%. Mean haemoglobin value at the admission was 7.7 g/dL. A concordance between positive CTA and direct angiographic bleeding signs was found in 19 (54.3%) cases. Despite no significant differences in terms of bleeding volume in the arterial phase (0.55 mL vs 0.33 mL, P = 0.35), a statistically significant volume increase in the venous phase was identified in the group of patients with positive angiography (2.06 mL vs 0.9 mL, P = 0.02). In the latter patient group, a significant increase in bleeding rate was also detected (2.18 mL/min vs 0.19 mL/min, P = 0.02). CONCLUSION In GIB of any origin, extravasated contrast volumetric analysis at CTA could be a predictor of positive angiography and may help in avoiding further unnecessary procedures.

Can We Forgo the Use of Tourniquets in Total Knee Arthroplasty?

Objective To analyze whether there is more bleeding in patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty (TKA) without using a tourniquet. The secondary objectives were to analyze the operative time, the length of hospital stay, the need for transfusion, and the complication rate. Methods The present is a retrospective study through the analysis of medical records. The patients were divided into two groups: TKA with and without the use of a tourniquet. Reductions in the levels of hemoglobin and packed cell volume 24 h and 48 h after surgery, the operative time, the length of hospital stay, the need for transfusion, and the rate of complications up to 6 months postoperatively were compared between the groups. Results During the period analyzed, 104 patients underwent TKA, and 94 were included in the study. There were no differences between the groups regarding the mean values of hemoglobin and packed cell volume before surgery ( p = 0.675 and p = 0.265), 24 h ( p = 0.099 and p = 0.563), and 48 h ( p = 0.569 and p = 0.810) after the procedure. Neither were there differences between the groups in terms of the operative time and the length of hospital stay ( p = 0.484 and p > 0.05). Moreover, there were no differences regarding the need for transfusion and the complication rate. Conclusion It is possible to forgo the use a tourniquet in TKA without a significant change in hemoglobin and packed cell volume levels 24 h and 48 h after surgery when compared with the group using a tourniquet. There were no significant differences in the total operative time, length of stay, need for transfusion, and complication rate.

Correlation of Duration of Antipsychotic Therapy with Hemoglobin Levels in People with Schizophrenia

Background: Schizophrenia is a serious mental disorder with various unknown causes accompanied by a collection of positive symptoms, negative symptoms, disorganization in thinking, speaking or movement and cognitive dysfunction. The therapeutic modality used to treat these symptoms is antipsychotic therapy. Over a certain period of time, the use of antipsychotics can cause hematological syndrome which affects the process of red blood cell formation and hemoglobin levels. Low hemoglobin levels can worsen neuronal function in the brain, thereby aggravating symptoms in schizophrenia. Aim: Analyzing the relationship between duration of antipsychotic therapy &lt;2 years and ≥2 years with hemoglobin levels in schizophrenia patients. Method: This research is an analytical observational study with a cross-sectional approach in which research subjects were obtained using a consecutive sampling method from medical records of patients with schizophrenia (ODS) at RSJD Dr. Amino Gondohutomo Semarang (n=68) divided into 2 groups consisting of patients with a duration of therapy &lt;2 years and a duration of therapy ≥2 years. The relationship between duration of antipsychotic therapy and hemoglobin levels was analyzed using unpaired t-test. Result: The mean hemoglobin value for people with schizophrenia in the group with a duration of therapy &lt;2 years is 14.09, while that in the group with a duration of therapy ≥2 years is 14.06 with a p value = 0.928. Conclusion: There was no relationship between hemoglobin levels in people with schizophrenia and duration of therapy both &lt;2 years and ≥2 years.

Çocukluk çağı Kronik ve Persistan Lenfadenopatilerin Ultrason ve Laboratuvar Veriler eşliğinde Öngörülebilirliği; Bir Çocuk Hematoloji-Onkoloji Polikliniği Deneyimi

Aim:&#x0D; Lymphadenopathies occupy an important part of pediatric hematology-oncology practice. More than 95 per cent of cases are known to be reactive, and infection-related. Lymphadenopathies are followed up at 1-3-6 month intervals, and the process requires ultrasound follow-up. Our study aimed to compare the persistent and non-persistent cases.&#x0D; Results: In our study, lymphadenopathy cases (n=93) admitted to our pediatric haematology-oncology outpatient clinic between 2022-2023 were examined and diagnosed; reactive lymph nodes (n=76)(81. 7%), infectious mononucleosis (n=9)(9. 7%), tuberculosis (n=1)(1%), lymphoma (n=2)(2%), benign cytology (n=2)(2%). Mean age ± standard deviation (SD); 8. 2±4. 4, number of girls; 42 (45. 2%). The median time to resolution of acute (n=8)(8. 6%), subacute (n=26)(28%), chronic (n=59)(63. 4%) lymphadenopathy was 1 [5-155] week. Cases with and without ultrasonographic disappearance of lymphadenopathy were compared; the mean hemoglobin value (g/dL) (12. 7±1. 4 vs. 12. 3±1. 2, respectively) (p=0. 047) and platelet value (x10³/mm³) (334. 2±108. 012 vs. 288. 4±89. 5, respectively) (p=0. 047) were higher and the presence of hilar vascularity on ultrasonography (76% vs. 98. 1%) (p=0. 001) was LOWER in those who disappeared compared to those who did not disappear. There was no correlation between hypoechoic lymph node, indistinct border, necrosis, fatty hilus, perinodal cortical vascularity, cortical thickening, presence of lymph node in more than one region and non-loss of lymph node.&#x0D; Conclusion: In conclusion, it has been shown that in the presence of lymphadenopathy, elevated hemoglobin and platelets, together with the presence of hilar vascularity, may be predictive findings in the failure of the lymph node to disappear.&#x0D; Key words: lymphadenopathy, ultrasonography, haemoglobin, platelets, childhood

Is there a correlation between prepartum anaemia and an increased likelihood of developing postpartum depression? A prospective observational study

PurposePostpartum depression (PPD) represents a significant challenge to maternal and child health. Early screening for PPD is essential to ensure appropriate treatment and support. The present study aimed to assess whether maternal prepartum anaemia influences the likelihood of developing PPD within 3 days after delivery.MethodsIn collaboration with the Department of Psychiatry, a prospective observational study was carried out at the Gynaecology and Obstetrics Department of the University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli” in Naples. A total of 211 full-term pregnant women were enrolled, and their predelivery haemoglobin value was recorded. Women with gestational diabetes, hypertension, pre-eclampsia, intrauterine growth restriction, intellectual disability, or pre-existing diagnosis of psychotic spectrum disorder were excluded. Participants provided written informed consent to fill out the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) 3 days after delivery. EPDS cut-off score of ≥ 10 was used to identify women at risk of developing PPD. Statistical analysis was performed using Student's t test, the Wilcoxon Rank Sum test, and linear regression.ResultsThe participants were categorized into 2 groups based on EPDS scores: EPDS < 10 (176 patients) or EPDS ≥ 10 (35 patients). The two groups showed homogeneity in terms of socio-demographic and clinical characteristics. The mean haemoglobin values of anaemic pregnant women in the EPDS ≤ 10 group (11.78 ± 1.39 g/dl) and the EPDS > 10 group (11.62 ± 1.27 g/dl) were not significantly different (p = 0.52). There was no significant correlation between the predelivery haemoglobin value and the EPDS postpartum score of < 10 or ≥ 10. The Wilcoxon Rank Sum test and the estimated coefficients of the linear regression model did not show any statistical relationship between continuous and binary haemoglobin values.ConclusionsOur study found that maternal prepartum anaemia did not negatively impact the likelihood of developing postpartum depressive symptoms, in the first 3 days after delivery.

A Study to Assess Biochemical Profile of Tobacco Chewers with Chewing Habit Over a Period of 10 Years.

The study was conducted to evaluate the systemic adverse effects of smokeless tobacco (SLT) on hematological as well as other biochemical parameters and find out if any correlation between them which may be worthy of creating awareness among the masses against its usage. The current observational study was carried out among 250 tobacco chewers, and complete hemogram, LFT profile, and electrolyte profile were studied. The mean values of hemoglobin (Hb) gram % was 12.74 ± 1.6, total leucocyte count (TLC/cu mm) is 6608.33 ± 1752.083, and platelet count lakh cell/cu mm is 2.55 ±0.806. The mean values of Na+ mmol/1 of the S. electrolyte profile was 132 ± 18.05 and K+ mmol/1 was 3.89 ± 0.538. The study deliberates imperative perception into smokeless tobacco-mediated effects on body systemic functions and reports a crucial part into SLT-mediated effects on biochemical profile and metabolism which can be revealed in promoting tobacco cessation.

Effects of Gender on Hematologic Parameters in Kangal Shepherd Dogs

Kangal Shepherd Dogs are highly valuable working dogs unique to Turkey, known for their robustness in withstanding harsh climatic conditions and possessing advanced herd protection and management abilities due to their genetic characteristics. Haematological values serve as crucial indicators of the physiological and physiopathological parameters in animals. A complete blood cell count (CBC) emerges as a powerful diagnostic tool when appropriately assessed. Given the establishment of pure breeds, it is essential to acknowledge that breedspecific hematologic values may exhibit variations influenced by factors such as gender, lifestyle, age, and geographical location. Therefore, understanding the physiological distinctions between genders becomes paramount. This study aims to assess the impact of gender on the complete blood count in Kangal Shepherd Dogs. Upon comparing hematologic parameters between female and male Kangal Shepherd Dogs, a statistically significant difference was observed in the mean platelet volume (MPV) value, which was higher in females than males (p &lt; 0.05). While the mean red blood cell (RBC), haemoglobin (HGB), and haematocrit (HCT) values were higher in males, no statistically significant results were found (p &gt; 0.05)

Retrospective analysis of polyps detected in colonoscopy and investigation of the relationship with anemia

Aims: Patients with colonic polyps are generally asymptomatic. On the other hand, colon polyps are considered as colorectal cancer progenitors. In this study, we aimed to present the retrospective analysis of colon polyps detected in a gastroenterology unit within one year and the relationship between polyp features and anemia. Methods: Patients with colon polyps who applied to our center between January 2015- January 2016 and underwent colonoscopy were included in the study. Polyps were grouped and compared as 1,2,3 and ≥4 according to their number; as hyperplastic, tubular, tubulovillous and villous according to their histopathological type; as ≤6 mm, 7-10 mm and ≥11 mm according to their size; as proximal, distal and proximal+distal according to their location. Results: A total of 350 patients were recruited for the study, The median age of the study group was 60 years (54-65 years), of which 180 (51.4%) were male. The mean hemoglobin value was 12.82±1.90 g/dl. More than half of the patients (n=166, 52.5%) had single polyp. The most common type of polyp was tubular polyp (n=203, 55%). The majority of the polyps (63%) were smaller than 6 mm in size and the vast majority (47.2%) were located distally. When the polyp size and polyp types were compared, it was found that the incidence of tubulovillous pathology increased as the polyp size increased (p&amp;lt;0.001 for all comprasions). A positive, linear significant correlation was found between age and the number of polyps (r=0.209; p&amp;lt;0.001). There was a statistically significant difference between hemoglobin value according to polyp sizes (p&amp;lt;0.001). Conclusion: We demonstrated that the number of polyps increased with age, and the incidence of tubulovillous pathology and the depth of anemia increased as the size of the polyp increased.

A comprehensive evaluation of pregnancy and newborn outcomes in Syrian refugees in Turkey.

The research was conducted to evaluate the birth and newborn outcomes of Syrian immigrant women according to maternal age groups and Vitamin D use. It was conducted retrospectively using the birth records of 2,866 Syrian migrant women, who had given birth at a tertiary center between January 2016 and May 2020. Demographic features, obstetric and neonatal outcomes were analyzed according to age groups and Vitamin D use. The mean age of the patients included in the study was 26.22 ± 5.90, the mean gestational age at birth was 38.06 ± 2.1 weeks, and the mean newborn birth weight was 3.151g. The mean hemoglobin value of the patients was 11.55 ± 1.54. While most of the patients were taking iron supplements (80.59%), Vitamin D (Vit D) supplement intake was 38.31%. The mean number of antenatal follow-ups was 3.40 ± 1.65. While the most common delivery method was normal vaginal delivery (61.93%), cesarean section rates were found to be 38.07%. The need for blood transfusion was significantly lower in the group that had received Vitamin D than that in the group that had not received it (2.00% vs. 8.94% p < 0.001). The rate of preterm birth was found to be 5.74% in the group that had received Vitamin D and 9.28% in the group that had not received it, which was significantly higher (p < 0.001). We have seen that maternal and fetal outcomes can be improved with hospital follow-up and adequate vitamin supplements in refugee pregnant women.

Impact of Albumin Therapy in Critically Ill COVID-19 Patients: A Retrospective Cohort Study

Introduction: Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Due to the limited understanding of this disease, research has quickly extended towards identifying biomarkers to predict its prognosis and progression. Aim: To explore the impact of albumin infusion on critically ill COVID-19 patients. Materials and Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, a total of 150 severe COVID-19 patients aged 18 to 65 years were enrolled. These patients were categorised into the no albumin infusion group (n=61), consisting of those who did not undergo albumin transfusion during their treatment, and the albumin infusion group (n=89), comprising patients who received albumin transfusion as part of their treatment protocol. Assessments of hospitalisation included the Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA), and Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE-II) scores obtained at baseline and day 5. Unpaired t-tests, Chi-square tests, and paired t-tests were used for analysis. Results: The mean values of Haemoglobin (Hb), eosinophils, Random Blood Sugar (RBS), Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV), total protein, serum urea, serum bilirubin, Prothrombin Time (PT), International Normalised Ratio (INR), Interleukin 6 (IL-6), Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR), C-Reactive Protein (CRP), and D-dimer exhibited significant differences between the two groups. The average duration of vasopressor usage and Intensive Care Unit (ICU) stay were significantly reduced in the albumin infusion group (3.50±1.55 days and 8.70±4.20 days, respectively) compared to no albumin infusion group (4.33±1.05 days and 12.80±3.43 days, respectively). The albumin infusion group also displayed a lower incidence of Renal Replacement Therapy (RRT) and poorer ICU outcomes. Conclusion: The intravenous administration of albumin did not exhibit a significant impact on mortality. However, albumin transfusion in patients with severe COVID-19 who initially had albumin levels &lt;3 g/dL demonstrated a notable reduction in the requirement for vasopressors, RRT, and the length of ICU stay

Evaluacija performansi Veri-Q hemoglobinskog merača za procenu hemoglobina i hematokrita na mestu pružanja pomoći

Abstract: Introduction: Haemoglobin (Hb) and packed cell volume (PCV) are tests used in the assessment of anaemia. The Veri-Q haemoglobin meter is a new device in the point-of-care market used for the quantitative measurement of haemoglobin and packed cell volume. This study aimed to evaluate the performance of the Veri-Q haemoglobin meter for the assessment of haemoglobin and packed cell volume. Materials and Methods: Haemoglobin and packed cell volume estimations of one hundred and eleven participants were determined using the Veri-Q Red haemoglobin meter and statistically compared with those obtained from the conventional method (gold standard). Results: One hundred and eleven undergraduate students participated in this study, of whom 72 (64.9%) were females and 39 (35.1%) were males. The mean haemoglobin values calculated using the Veri-Q haemoglobin meter (11.97 ± 1.95 g/dl) were significantly lower than the values obtained with the conventional method (12.35 ± 1.66 g/dl) (t = 4.7549; p = 0.0001). Similar results were obtained with packed cell volume estimation. The performance indices of the Veri-Q haemoglobin meter were as follows: sensitivity (75.41% for Hb and 77.05% for PCV), specificity (28.0% for Hb and PCV), positive predictive value (PPV) (56.1% for Hb and 56.63% for PCV), negative predictive value (48.28% for Hb and 50% for PCV). The prevalence of anaemia in this study was 54.05%. Positive Likelihood Ratio (1.05 for Hb and 1.07 for PCV), Negative Likelihood Ratio (0.88 for Hb and 0.82 for PCV), Accuracy (54.05% for Hb and 54.95% for PCV). The Receiver Operative Characteristics (ROC) Area Under Curve (AUC) was 0.996 for Hb and 0.984 for PCV. A significant but weak positive correlation was found to exist between haemoglobin estimations using conventional and Veri-Q methods (r = 0.3013, P = 0.01); PCV (R = 0.2512, P = 0.07). The sensitivity of the device can be described as moderate while the specificity is low. The accuracy of the device is just average. Conclusion: The Veri-Q haemoglobin meter demonstrates an average level of accuracy and a high AUC, making it potentially useful for field epidemiological studies.

The effect of neutrophil lymphocyte ratio and other biochemical parameters on mortality in cancer patients admitted to the emergency department

Aims: To investigate the effectiveness of the neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio and other biochemical parameters in predicting mortality in oncology patients with cancer admitted to the emergency department. Methods: This was a retrospective, observational, single-center study. The study period included a two-year period from January 2014 to December 2015. Demographic data, cancer history and blood tests, emergency department diagnoses, blood parameters evaluated in the emergency department, discharge, and mortality status of the patients were recorded in the data form. The APACHE 2 and SOFA scores of all patients were also calculated. Patients whose data could not be reached were excluded from the study. p&lt;0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: A total of 180 patients were included in the study. The mean age of the survivor group was 66.4±10.752 years, while the mean age of the non-survivor group was 65.18±13 years. The mean neutrophil/lymphocyte (NLR) ratio of the non-survivor group was 1.0288±11.3, while the NLR of the survivor group was 4.400±3.563. (p&lt;0.05) The mean lactate ratio of the non-survivor group was 2.60±3.384, while the mean lactate ratio of the survivor group was 1.36±1. 090. (p&lt;0.05) When survivor and non-survivor patient groups were compared, a statistically significant difference was observed in mean white blood cell count, neutrophil count, hemoglobin, hematocrit, and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) values. (p&lt;0.05) Conclusion: According to the results of this study, NLR, elevated white blood cell and neutrophil values, decreased hemoglobin and hematocrit, and elevated BUN and lactate levels seem to be predictors of mortality during emergency admissions in cancer patients.

Prevalence of Anemia in Female Medical Students Staying in College Hostel

Background: Anemia is a common condition characterized by a deficiency of red blood cells or hemoglobin, resulting in reduced oxygen carrying capacity. The prevalence of anemia in this population is significant due to the demanding nature of medical studies, hostel living, and the potential impact on academic performance and overall well-being. Aim: The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of anemia among female medical students residing in college hostels, while also understanding the potential factors contributing to anemia within this specific group, as well as its associated consequences. Materials and Methods: This study employs a cross-sectional design, collecting data through a survey questionnaire distributed among female medical students residing in college hostels. The questionnaire investigates potential contributing factors such as dietary habits, sleep patterns, stress levels, menstrual history, and socioeconomic status. Additionally, the study explores potential consequences of anemia, including fatigue, impaired cognitive function, decreased academic performance, and decreased quality of life. Data is analyzed using appropriate statistical methods to determine the prevalence of anemia in this group. Result: In our study, the mean age of the study population was 19.8 ∓ 2.2 years. The mean weight of the students was 55.2 ∓ 5.6 kilograms. The prevalence of anemia was 51%.Among them, 36 students had mild anemia, 13 had moderate anemia and 2 had severe anemia. The mean hemoglobin values were 10.6 ∓ 2.2 gm%.

Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Patient Outcomes Following Restrictive Blood Transfusion Protocol.

To investigate the effect of a restrictive blood product utilization protocol on blood product utilization and clinical outcomes. We retrospectively reviewed all adult extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) patients from January 2019 to December 2021. The restrictive protocol, implemented in March 2020, was defined as transfusion of blood products for a hemoglobin level less than 7, platelet levels less than 50, and/or fibrinogen levels less than 100. Subgroup analysis was performed based on the mode of ECMO received: venoarterial ECMO, venovenous ECMO, and ECMO support following extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (ECPR). M Health Fairview University of Minnesota Medical Center. The study included 507 patients. One hundred fifty-one patients (29.9%) were placed on venoarterial ECMO, 70 (13.8%) on venovenous ECMO, and 286 (56.4%) on ECPR. For patients on venoarterial ECMO (48 [71.6%] vs. 52 [63.4%]; p = 0.374), venovenous ECMO (23 [63.9%] vs. 15 [45.5%]; p = 0.195), and ECPR (54 [50.0%] vs. 69 [39.2%]; p = 0.097), there were no significant differences in survival on ECMO. The last recorded mean hemoglobin value was also significantly decreased for venoarterial ECMO (8.10 [7.80-8.50] vs. 7.50 [7.15-8.25]; p = 0.001) and ECPR (8.20 [7.90-8.60] vs. 7.55 [7.10-8.88]; p < 0.001) following implementation of the restrictive transfusion protocol. These data suggest that a restrictive transfusion protocol is noninferior to ECMO patient survival. Additional, prospective randomized trials are required for further investigation of the safety of a restrictive transfusion protocol.

Prevalence of Iron Deficiency, Anemia, and Associated Factors in a Blood Donor Population in Brazzaville, Congo.

Blood donation is not without risk to the donor. It results in a substantial loss of iron and decreased hemoglobin. In our country, no predonation assessment is carried out and the selection of blood donors is only clinical. To determine the prevalence of iron deficiency, anemia, and iron deficiency anemia and to identify the factors associated with anemia and iron status in a blood donor population at the National Center for Blood Transfusion (NCBT). Methodology. A prospective study is carried out that consists of 120 blood donors in three NCBT branches in the capital from June to November 2021. The donors were divided into 3 groups: first time donors (FTDs), occasional donors (ODs) who have already made between 1 and 3 previous donations, and regular donors (RDs) with at least 4 previous donations. Iron deficiency was defined by a serum ferritin value of less than 30 ng/mL in men and 20 ng/mL in women. Anemia was defined by Hb levels below 13 g/dL in men and 12 g/dL in women. Iron deficiency anemia was defined by association of anemia and iron deficiency. The chi-square test was used for the comparison of the proportions. The odds ratio with the 95% confidence interval was calculated to assess the association between two variables. The p value of the probability was considered significant for a value < 0.05. Mean serum ferritin and hemoglobin values were lower in RD in both sexes. The prevalence of iron deficiency, anemia, and iron deficiency anemia were 16.66%, 31.66%, and 10.83%, respectively. The factors associated with the three abnormalities were female sex, donor type, including RD, and number of previous donations. Iron deficiency, anemia, and iron deficiency anemia are common among blood donors in Brazzaville. Anemia affects almost a third of blood donors and is not always linked to iron deficiency. Safety of donors should be improved by systematic measurement of ferritinemia and hemoglobin levels before allowing donations for appropriate management in the event of abnormalities.

Hematological profile of healthy Thoroughbred foals from birth to one month of age in Trinidad, West Indies.

This study aimed to develop a sound database for the hematological reference intervals of thoroughbred foals in Trinidad, West Indies from birth to 1 month of age. 89 foals. Whole blood samples were taken from 89 foals throughout Trinidad at approximately 1 day, 1 week, and 1 month of age. These foals were examined to be classified as healthy or free from disease. Complete blood count (CBC), microscopic analysis of blood smears, and conventional PCR for Theileria equi and Babesia caballi were performed. Of the 89 foals, 67 were deemed healthy and suitable for establishing reference intervals. Foals in this study had lower mean hemoglobin and hematocrit values for all 3 times of sampling when compared to their North American counterparts. Age had a significant effect on hemoglobin, hematocrit, white blood cell (WBC), neutrophil, and platelet counts of the foals from birth to 1 month of age. Variations in reference intervals can occur due to differences in demographic, physiological, and environmental factors such as age, gender, breed, and geographical location. Given the changes in the hematological values over time, this study provides clinicians with valuable information that can be used to monitor the health status of newborn foals and detect disease conditions.