Mean Values Of Malondialdehyde Research Articles

Correlation between interleukin 17 (IL-17) levels and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in patients with chronic suppurative otitis media

Background: Otitis media is one of the most common causes of fever in the pediatric population. CSOM or also called chronic otitis media is an ear disease condition where a chronic infection is found in the middle ear without an intact tympanic membrane. Oxygen free radical levels and deficiency of antioxidant defense complexes may be involved in the pathogenesis of chronic suppurative otitis media. The IL-17 pathway plays an important role in the pathogenesis of otitis media by increasing ROS including MDA levels. Purpose: To analyze the levels of interleukin 17 (IL-17) and malondialdehyde (MDA) in chronic suppurative otitis media patients. Method: Analytical observational research with a cross sectional approach was conducted in December 2022 at RSUD Dr. Moewardi, the research sample was a patient with chronic suppurative otitis media without active phase cholesteatoma. Sampling used consecutive sampling, namely a non-random sampling method, so that a sample size of 40 participants was obtained, divided into two groups, namely the CSOM group and the healthy group. The data analysis used is univariate and bivariate analysis using parametric tests, namely the product moment correlation test and if it is not normally distributed (p-value <0.05) then use the Spearman rank correlation test. Results: The mean IL-17 level in the CSOM group was 78.76 ± 28.01 and the healthy group was 47.68 ± 21.75 with p = 0.000 < 0.05. The mean MDA value in the CSOM group was 138.37 ± 123.96 and in the healthy group was 55.84 ± 47.37 with a p value = 0.008 < 0.05. Because the p value is <0.05 for the IL-7 and MDA variables, there is a significant difference between CSOM and the group of healthy people. The product moment correlation test obtained a correlation coefficient value of 0.623 with a p value = 0.000. Because the p value is <0.05, there is a significant positive relationship between IL-17 levels and MDA in the blood of chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) patients. Conclusion: There is a significant positive relationship between IL-17 levels and MDA in the blood of chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) patients.

Protective Effects of Syringic Acid on Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Testicular Torsion: An Experimental Study in a Rat Model.

The purpose of this study was to assess the effectiveness of syringic acid in preventing ischemia-reperfusion injury following detorsion in a rat model of induced testicular torsion. In our study, a total of 24 rats, eight in each group, were used. Group 1 served as the control group. Group 2 underwent testicular torsion and detorsion. Group 3 underwent the same procedures as Group 2, but also received 100 mg/kg syringic acid immediately following ischemia. Spectrophotometric analysis was performed on blood samples, and the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), as well as the values of malondialdehyde (MDA), were evaluated under direct microscopic examination of the testis to determine tissue injury. The architecture of the seminiferous tubules and spermatogenesis processes were graded using the Johnsen and Cosentino scoring systems. The mean value of MDA was higher in Group 2 compared to the other groups (p < 0.001). Group 3 demonstrated a decline in the concentrations of proinflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-6, and interleukin-1 beta, as indicated by biochemical analysis of blood samples, when compared to Group 2 (p-values: 0.045, 0.001, and <0.001, respectively). In addition, the improvement in Johnsen and Cosentino scores was significantly higher in Group 3 compared to Group 2 (p = 0.028 and p = 0.001, respectively). These findings suggest that syringic acid has a protective effect against testicular oxidative damage.

EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN KERSEN (Muntingia calabura) MENINGKATKAN KETAHANAN MEMBRAN ERITROSIT TIKUS YANG DIPERLAKUKAN DIABETES MELLITUS

The condition of Diabetes Mellitus (DM) due to hyperglycaemia can induce free radicals and decreased oxidant defence system, chronic hyperglycaemia will result in increased production of free radicals resulting in oxidative stress. The aim of this study was determine the oxidant activity of Kersen Leaf Extract in increasing the resistance of erythrocyte membranes in rats treated with diabetes mellitus by measuring the activity of Malondialdehyde (MDA) and measuring the percentage of erythrocyte cells that are hemolyzed. This study was conducted in vivo by examining the antioxidant activity of Muntingia calabura L. by measuring the levels of MDA and membrane resistance in diabetic rats. This study used animal model Rattus Norvegicus Wistar strain, total of 30 rats was divided into six groups with 5 rats in each group, which are negative control group, positive control group, positive control was added standard drug group, and diabetic rats. Kersen (Muntingia calabura L.) leaves extract reduced Malondialdehyde (MDA) levels of erythrocytes in diabetic rats at an optimum dose of 400 mg/kg of weight per day with a mean MDA value of 4.91 ± 2.1 µmol/ml. In addition, can reduce the amount of hemolysis of erythrocytes in diabetic rats at an optimum dose of 400 mg/kg of weight per day, and can reduce the number of abnormal erythrocytes in rats treated with diabetes mellitus with an optimum dose of 400 mg/kg bw/day with a mean haemolysis value of 33.34 ± 4.04%. Kersen (Muntingia calabura L) leaf extract increases the resistance of erythrocyte of diabetic rat’s.

Serum malondialdehyde in different stages of chronic renal disorder

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a widespread public health problem, which may have several adverse consequences such as renal failure, cardiovascular disease, and premature death. Kidney-related pathologies have increasing prevalence rates, produce a considerable financial burden, and are characterized by elevated levels of oxidative stress (OS). Several markers emerged as well-suited indicators of OS such as malondialdehyde (MDA) and lipid hydroperoxides. The reduced activities of antioxidant enzymes status and increased production of MDA in the CKD patients confirm the presence of OS. The alteration in antioxidant status and MDA in CKD patients supports the role of OS in CKD patient. Aims and Objectives: The aim of the study was to compare serum MDA in different stages of CKD with that of control. It is well known that inflammation has an important role in CKD and MDA is an oxidant biomarker. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study having 400 participants with 300 known cases of CKD and 100 healthy controls. Serum MDA levels were measured by thiobarbituric acid assay. Results: There was a significant difference between the groups regarding the MDA values (P&lt;0.001) with that of control. The mean MDA value in Stage III (5.64±1.93 Umol/L), Stage IV (6.14±1.584 Umol/L), and Stage V (10.761±3.347 U moL/L) of CKD patients were high in comparison to healthy control (1.88±0.181 U mol/L). Conclusion: We concluded that MDA is a useful biomarker in CKD patients. The correlations of serum MDA among different stages of CKD patients were significant. Larger studies focused on CKD severity and antioxidant/oxidant biomarkers are required.

Increased Expression of Circulating Stress Markers, Inflammatory Cytokines and Decreased Antioxidant Level in Diabetic Nephropathy.

Background and Objectives: The main objective of the present study was to determine the role of oxidative markers (glutathione (GSH), advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP), advanced glycation end products (AGEs), and malondialdehyde (MDA)) and inflammatory biomarkers (interleukin-6 IL-6, tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), myeloperoxide (MPO)) in the development of diabetic nephropathy along with routinely used biochemical parameters. Materials and Method: This was a case control study. All the selected patients were screened and enrolled by convenient non-probability sampling technique at the Jinnah hospital in Lahore. Informed consent was obtained before enrollment of the study subjects. A total of 450 patients enrolled in the study, and they were divided into three groups, 150 subjects with type 2 diabetes and 150 diagnosed diabetic nephropathy (DN) vs. 150 healthy individuals as a control group. Five mL of venous blood sample was taken from the antecubital vein of each participant. Statistical analysis was performed by SPSS. The results of all variables were evaluated by using one way ANOVA. Results: The mean value of biochemical parameters (WBCs, platelets, prothrombin time, HbA1c, glucose, urinary albumin-to creatinine ratio (UACR), triglycerides, LDL, HDL, serum creatinine, urinary albumin (creatinine)) were increased and Hb (g/dL), red blood cells (RBCs), hematocrit (Hct), free serum insulin levels, and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) were decreased in the nephropathy group compared to the control and type 2 diabetes groups. The mean values of MDA, AGE, and AOPPs in type 2 diabetes and diabetic nephropathy were significantly increased compared to the control group. GSH level was decreased in type 2 diabetics and DN patients as compared to the control group. In addition, IL-6, TNFα, and MPO levels were also increased in case of diabetes nephropathy compared to controls. Conclusions: ROS mediated injuries can be prevented by the restoration of an antioxidant defense system, through the administration of antioxidant agents. Moreover, increased levels of inflammatory mediators are responsible for enhancing inflammation in patients with diabetic nephropathy.

​Assessment of the Levels of Biomarkers of Oxidative Stress during Peri-parturient Period in Gir Cows

Background: Dairy cows during late pregnancy, parturition or early lactation may be subjected to oxidative stress or the production of reactive oxygen metabolites. An imbalance between increased production of ROS and reduced availability of antioxidant defenses near the time of parturition increases oxidative stress and may contribute to peri-parturient disorders in dairy cows therefore in present investigation, of biomarkers of oxidative stress during peri-parturient period in Gir cows were studied. Methods: Total 42 peri-parturient Gir cows were included in the present study. Ten apparently healthy Gir cows were also selected (which were outside the peri-parturient period) to have base line data on levels of biomarkers of oxidative stress for the comparison and analysis. The study was conducted in southern part of Rajasthan. Result: The mean values of malondialdehyde (n mol/g Hb), super oxidase dismutase (U/mg Hb), reduced glutathione (mM) and catalase (µmol of H2O2 consumed /min/mg Hb) during pre-partum period and post-partum period in Gir cows was 227.34±9.48 and 255.85±11.15; 72.97±4.96 and 56.13±4.30; 2.72±0.15 and 2.27±0.15 and 139.85±3.81 and 121.57±4.65, respectively. Determination of levels of biomarkers of oxidative stress revealed that level of malondialdehyde (MDA) was significantly (P less than 0.05) increased during peri-parturient period in Gir cows whereas, levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and reduced Glutathione (GSH) were significantly (P less than 0.05) decreased. The level of catalase was also significantly (P less than 0.01) decreased during peri-parturient period in Gir cows.

ESTIMATION OF MALONDIALDEHYDE LEVELS IN CANNED MILK, YOGHURT, AND CREAM IN BAGHDAD CITY AS AN OXIDATIVE FACTOR

An investigation into the concentrations of Malondialdehyde (MDA) in milk, yogurt and cream from various Baghdad supermarkets was the goal of this study. The results of this study show that out of a total of 125 samples, 45 (36 %), 14 (11.2 %), and 17 (13.6 %) positive samples were randomly collected from milk, yogurt, and cream from various supermarkets. Al-Ghazaliya and Abu Ghraib were found to have a significant (p≤ 0.05) difference in the mean value of MDA in milk samples (3.8140.416 and 3.9311.422 μmol/l). Some samples, such as those from Yarmouk in yogurt andMansour, Al-Ghazaliya and Abu Ghraib in Cream samples, contained 7.322–2.311 μmol/l. Because of the importance of dairy products in human nutrition, this investigation is necessary. Infrequently, as a result of our import and the wide variety of sources from which it is derived. Mutagenic and cytotoxic effects on human health are possible side effects of MDA exposure

Evaluation of Oxidative Stress Biomarkersin Patients with Henoch-Schönlein Purpura.

Henoch-Schönlein Purpura (HSP) is a systemic vasculitic syndrome characterized by non-thrombocytopenic purpura, arthritis/arthralgia, abdominal pain, and glomerulonephritis. The pathogenesis of HSP has not been clearly identified. Oxidative damage has a role in the pathogenesis of most cases. This study aimed to evaluate changes of oxidative stress by studying parameters like superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and malondialdehyde (MDA) in an attempt to identify the role of oxidative stress in HSP from another perspective. This study enrolled 23 pediatric patients (ten girls and thirteen boys) diagnosed with HSP who were under follow-up at Sutcu Imam University School of Medicine Department of Pediatrics between 2014 and 2016 and twenty healthy children as the control group. The parents of all subjects gave informed consent to participate in the study. In the HSP group, the beginning season of the illness and the systemic involvement during follow-up were determined. Blood specimens were obtained at presentation before any treatment was started. SOD, CAT activities, and MDA values in erythrocyte and plasma samples were compared between the patient group and the healthy children. Twenty-three patients with HSP (13 males, 10 females) and 20 healthy children participated in this study. The mean age of the HSP cases was 8.21±3.78 years (range 2-16 years) and of the controls was 8.6±4.2 (range 3-14 years). The mean MDA value was 2.95±0.71 nmol/ml in the patient group and 2.67±0.66 nmol/ml in the control group (p=0.787). The mean level of the CAT enzyme was 1.32±0.35 U/g Hb in the patient group and 7.8±1.74 U/g Hb in the control group (p=0.001). The mean levels of the SOD enzyme were 3.06±0.85 U/g Hb in the patient group and 0.97±0.36 U/g Hb in the control group (p=0.001). Although high MDA levels support the role of lipid peroxidation in the pathogenesis of HSP, statistical significance was not reached owing to a limited number of our patients. The reduced CAT enzyme activity is consistent with the findings of previous reports. This finding supports the notion that oxidative stress can play a role in the pathogenesis of HSP. Our findings support the notion that oxidative stress can play a role in the pathogenesis of HSP.

Oxidative stress in Strongylus spp. infected donkeys treated with piperazine citrate versus doramectin.

Background: Parasitic infection is one of the main problems in equidae, particularly donkeys. Aim:This study evaluated the oxidative stress in donkeys infected with Strongylus spp by determining the correlation between antioxidants levels; malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and the severity of parasitic infection. It also compared the therapeutic efficacy of piperazine citrate as an oral anthelmintic drug and Doramectin as an injectable one. Methods:The study was conducted on 40 donkeys naturally infected with Strongylus spp. These donkeys were divided into two groups (20 donkeys each) according to treatment; One group was treated with piperazine citrate (PipTG) and the other with doramectin (DoraTG). Thorough clinical examination, hematological, biochemical, and parasitological assays were performed before (Day 0) and after treatment (Days 7, 14, 21, and 28). All data were statistically analyzed by independent-sample t-test or paired t-test. Results:In both groups, mean values of MDA were significantly reduced, while those of TAC were significantly elevated after treatment on days 7, 14, 21, and 28. These significant changes were reported after treatment between PipTG and DoraTG in favor of DoraTG. Serum concentrations of MDA were significantly reduced, while those of TAC were significantly elevated for DoraTG treatment group when their values were compared with those of PipTG either on days 7, 14, 21, or 28. Significant correlations were reported in PipTG and DoraTG. Negative significant correlations were reported between fecal egg count (FEC) and each of whole blood picture indices (RBCS, Hb, and PCV), serum TAC and faecal egg count reduction percentage FECR%. A positive correlation was seen between FEC and MDA. MDA exhibited a negative correlation with both blood picture and TAC; hence, TAC was positively correlated with these blood picture indices in both PipTG and DoraTG. In PipTG, anthelmintic resistance (R) was present on days 7 and 14, while it was suspected (S) at day 21 then it was absent (N) at day 28. In DoraTG, anthelmintic resistance was suspected (S) on day 7, then it became absent (N) on days 14, 21, and 28 post therapy. Conclusion:The immunological status of the infected donkeys had greatly improved after treatment. The therapeutic efficacy of injectable doramectin was more efficient than that of oral piperazine citrate in Strongylus spp. infected donkeys.

Oxidative stress markers in patients of psoriasis with metabolic syndrome

Introduction: Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory, T cell mediated immune disorder characterized by the formation of erythematous scaly papules and plaques. Objective: To do a comparative evaluation of the markers of oxidative stress, namely glutathione peroxidase (GP), malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in patients of psoriasis with metabolic syndrome (MS), patients of psoriasis without metabolic syndrome and normal healthy subjects. Materials and Methods: 150 subjects in the age group of 18-70 years were included in the study; Group A consisted of 50 psoriasis patients with metabolic syndrome, Group B consisted of 50 psoriasis patients without metabolic syndrome while Group C had 50 normal healthy individuals. Thorough history was taken and clinical examination was done. The punch biopsy was performed for confirmation of the diagnosis of psoriasis. Serum markers of oxidative stress were measured in each case and these values were then statistically compared among all the groups. Results: On comparison of the groups, the mean values of Superoxide dismutase and Glutathione peroxidase were least in Group A (248.3 U/ml, 6105 U/ml) followed by Group B (280 U/ml, 6868.3 U/ml) and were maximum in Group C (395 U/ml, 14,058.3 U/ml) whereas the mean value of Malondialdehyde was maximum in Group A (1.0 nmol/ml) followed by Group B (0.7 nmol/ml) and Group C (0.13 nmol/ml). On comparing these values among different groups, all the values were highly significant (p Conclusions: Free radical mediated oxidative stress play an important role in the pathogenesis of psoriasis especially when it is associated with metabolic syndrome. Therefore, anti-oxidants can have a preventive as well as a therapeutic role in such patients. Keywords: Glutathione peroxidase (GP), Malondialdehyde (MDA), Metabolic syndrome (MS), Oxidative stress (OS), Psoriasis, superoxide dismutase (SOD).

Oxidant-Antioxidant Status in Patients with Knee Osteoarthritis in Duhok City, Kurdistan Region of Iraq

The major famous degenerative joint disease is osteoarthritis (OA), which leads to disability, reduced motion, pain, swelling, and crepitus. Thus, this research aimed to determine the statuses of oxidative stress (OS) and antioxidants in blood patients with primary OA and to compare serum levels of some inflammatory markers between control and knee OA patients groups. In this case-control study, 126 knee OA patients and 49 control individuals were taken, who visited the Center of Rheumatoid in Duhok city, Kurdistan region of Iraq. For the participant’s information, a study questionnaire was employed. Serum total bilirubin (TBIL), uric acid (UA), catalase, peroxynitrite (PN), malondialdehyde (MDA), and ceruloplasmin (CP) were evaluated. Some inflammatory markers were measured, including erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and C-reactive protein (CRP). Also, body mass index (BMI) was measured. In the present study, the % of the control group was 28% and patients groups were 29.71, 28, and 14.29% for mild, moderate, and severe cases, respectively. The mean values of MDA and CP showed significant differences between knee OA and control groups. On the other hand, the mean values of catalase, PN, UA, and TBIL showed no significant differences among control and knee OA groups. A significant difference was found among control and knee OA groups for ESR, but CRP was non-significant. In the current study, elevated levels of lipid-peroxidation and CP in patients with knee OA were observed. OS may be involved in OA.

Malondialdehyde and its role in pathogenesis of unstable forms of ischemic heart disease

Lipid peroxidation plays a major role in cellular biology and, consequently, in all physiological and pathophysiological processes. Malondialdehyde (MDA) is a well-studied product of lipid peroxidation. MDA is a toxic substance, which is synthesized during arachidonic acid peroxidation. This substance can react with nucleic acids, phospholipids, cholesterol and proteins, having proatherogenic and cancerogenic effects. Oxidative stress, including some biochemical reactions of MDA, plays a major role in pathogenesis of ischemic heart disease (IHD). Nevertheless, determination of oxidative stress activity is not widely used in clinical practice, because it is expensive, controversial and non-specific. Increase of MDA above 100 pmol/ml is considered a prognostic biomarker of IHD course and carotid atherosclerosis, but practical usage of this marker needs further analysis of oxidation processes with other pathogenetic mechanisms of IHD. The purpose of this study is to estimate MDA concentration and its pathogenetic role according to correlation analysis in patients with acute forms of IHD. We analyzed data of 20 inpatients with IHD, unstable angina pectoris, which were assessed and treated according to actual guidelines and other documents. Results were statistically processed with the help of Spearman’s correlation analysis. In patients with IHD, unstable angina pectoris the mean MDA value was slightly increased (122.52 pmol/ml) and characterized by the significant range (in 1.7 times). In patients with MDA level higher than mediana we noticed higher levels of segmented neutrophils and proinflammatory neutrophil / limphocyte ratio, lower relative levels of lymphocytes and monocytes and 3.75 higher odds ratio for having bilirubin lower than 10 pmol/ml, which is also a criterion of oxidative stress. When MDA level was normal, it was significantly associated with monocytes number (r=0.92) and high density lipoproteins concentration (r=-0.79). In case of increased MDA level it correlated with band neutrophils (r=0.77), thickness of left ventricle posterior wall and interventricular septum (r=-0.79 and r=-0.79). Malondialdehyde is not only a marker of oxidative stress, but also a marker of inflammation activation, dyslipidemia, carbohydrate intolerance, thrombosis, arterial hypertension and tachycardia. Keywords: malondialdehyde, ischemic heart disease, oxidative stress, inflammation, structural heart parameters.

Association between genotoxic properties of inhalation anesthetics and oxidative stress biomarkers.

Exposure to inhalation anesthetics (IAs) has been associated with DNA damage as reflected in the increased frequency of micronuclei (MN) and chromosomal aberrations (CAs). The present study was undertaken to ascertain whether there was any correlation between increased MN and CA and the extent of oxidative stress as well as the antioxidant status of a group of operating room personnel exposed to a mixture of IAs, including nitrous oxide, isoflurane, and sevoflurane. In this cross-sectional study, 60 operating room personnel (exposed group) in whom the frequencies of MN and CA had already been shown to be significantly higher than those of a referent group, as well as 60 unexposed nurses, were studied. Venous blood samples were taken from all participants, and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels as an index of oxidative stress (OS) and the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and levels of total antioxidant capacity (TAC) as indices of antioxidant status were measured. The level of TAC (1.76 ± 0.59 mM vs. 2.13 ± 0.64 mM, p = 0.001) and the activity of SOD (11.22 ± 5.11 U/ml vs. 13.36 ± 4.12 U/ml, p = 0.01) were significantly lower, while the mean value of MDA was significantly higher (2.46 ± 0.66 µM vs. 2.19 ± 0.68 µM, p = 0.03) in the exposed group than in the nonexposed group. After adjusting for potential confounders, there were statistically significant associations between exposure to IAs, gender, SOD, and TAC with MN frequency and between exposure to IAs and SOD with numbers of CA. The findings of the present study indicated that exposure to IAs was associated with OS, and this, in turn, may be causally linked with DNA damage.

Correspondence.

Correspondence.

Determination of Malondialdehyde and Superoxide Dismutase in Pulmonary Tuberculosis Subjects

Pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) is a dangerous bacterial infection that attacks the lungs. It has long been documented that there is an increase circulating levels of free radicals and oxidative stress markers in TB subjects. Malnutrition and deficient antioxidant capabilities further complicate the patient’s situation. The aim of this study is to determine the serum levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in pulmonary tuberculosis patients and normal volunteers at Rasheed Shekoni Teaching Hospital Dutse, Jigawa State, Nigeria. The present study consists of one hundred and thirty-four (134) subjects, Ninety (90) among which are diagnosed TB patients and forty-four (44) apparently healthy controls attending Rasheed Shekoni Teaching Hospital Dutse. Venous samples were collected from ninety consecutive, consenting PTB on drugs and those that have not started medications. MDA levels were analysed using the method of Nadigar et al (1986). The mean values of MDA in the 24 tuberculosis infected males who are yet to commence drug was 4.0±0.32, 2.8±0.53 in those that are on drugs and 2.0±0.23 in the male control subjects. It was 4.1±0.35, 2.9±0.29 and 1.9±0.32 in female that are TB infected and yet to commence drugs, those on drugs and the control subjects respectively. The total mean MDA value for those on tuberculosis drugs was 4.0±0.33, 2.8±0.46 for those that are yet to commence the treatment and 2.0±0.28 for the control subjects, the serum levels of SOD was found significantly lower (p&lt;0.005) in PTB subjects on treatment compared to those without treatment and control subjects. Conclusively, the findings of the current study showed that pulmonary tuberculosis patients are predisposed to oxidative stress leading to an increased MDA and consequent decreased SOD levels as compared to the control subjects.

Effect of Aerobic Exercise on Serum Adiponectin and Serum Malondialdehyde (MDA) In Type 1 Diabetic Patients

Type 1 diabetes is fatal unless treated with insulin. Exercise interventions have been shown to be as efficient as the pharmaceutical agents to improve glycaemic control. The aim of the current study was to determine the effect of aerobic exercise on possible mechanisms controlling insulin resistance. Forty diabetic type 1 patients of both sexes (20 females and 20 males) were participated in the study. They were randomly divided into two equal groups. Study group comprised of 20 patients participated in a supervised moderate-intensity aerobic exercise program performed on bicycle ergometer for 50 minutes, 3 times per week, for 8 weeks, in addition to their medical treatment while the control group received only their medical treatment. The result showed that a significant decrease in insulin resistance in the Study group as compared to the control group. The mean values of adiponectin were significantly increased from 5.85±0.65 to 6.6±0.56 in the study group. The mean values of Malondialdehyde (MDA) and fasting glucose were significantly decreased from 7.2±0.98, 146.88±11.42 to 6.45±0.95, 133.87±11.99 respectively in the study group. It can be concluded that aerobic exercise has a positive effect on decreasing insulin resistance and hence decrease the incidence of diabetic complications.

THE ROLE OF FREE RADICAL OXIDATION IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF CONTRAST-INDUCED DISORDERS OF RENAL FILTRATION

Aim. To find out the links between the state of system and the risk and severity of impairment of renal function in patients after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Material and methods. The free radical oxidation system’s response was assessed in patients with different degree of severity of the glomerular filtration impairment. The intensity of lipid peroxidation was evaluated by the concentration of malondialdehyde (MDA) in the red blood cells of patients. Results. Almost all 59 patients after PCI were observed with various degree of inhibition of renal filtration. The mean value of MDA significantly (p = 0,032) increased from 10,3 ± 1,7 mmol/g to 11,0 ± 1,8 mmol/g. The level of MDA was significantly higher (p <0,001) in the group of patients with more severe inhibition of glomerular filtration. Conclusion . The results indicate the important role of free radical processes in the pathogenesis of renal function impairment.

Effect of long-term ingestion of weakly oxidised flaxseed oil on biomarkers of oxidative stress in LDL-receptor knockout mice.

The effect of oxidised fatty acids on atherosclerosis progression is controversial. Thus, our objective was to evaluate the effect of long-term consumption of weakly oxidised PUFA from flaxseed oil on oxidative stress biomarkers of LDL-receptor(-/-) mice. To test our hypothesis, mice were separated into three groups. The first group received a high-fat diet containing fresh flaxseed oil (CONT-), the second was fed the same diet prepared using heated flaxseed oil (OXID), and the third group received the same diet containing fresh flaxseed oil and had diabetes induced by streptozotocin (CONT+). Oxidative stress, aortic parameters and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease were assessed. After 3 months, plasma lipid profile, glucose levels, body weight, energy intake and dietary intake did not differ among groups. Likewise, oxidative stress, plasma malondialdehyde (MDA), hepatic MDA expressed as nmol/mg portion (ptn) and antioxidant enzymes did not differ among the groups. Hepatic linoleic acid, α-linolenic acid, arachidonic acid and EPA acid declined in the OXID and CONT+ groups. Aortic wall thickness, lumen and diameter increased only in the OXID group. OXID and CONT+ groups exhibited higher concentrations of MDA, expressed as μmol/mg ptn per %PUFA, when compared with the CONT- group. Our results suggest that ingestion of oxidised flaxseed oil increases hepatic MDA concentration and is potentially pro-atherogenic. In addition, the mean MDA value observed in all groups was similar to those reported in other studies that used xenobiotics as oxidative stress inducers. Thus, the diet applied in this study represents an interesting model for further research involving antioxidants.

Correlation of Serum Levels of Vitronectin, Malondialdehyde and Hs- CRP With Disease Severity in Coronary Artery Disease.

Introduction: Vitronectin (VN), malondialdehyde (MDA) and high-sensitivity C-reactive rotein (hs-CRP) are cooperative agents involved in the atherosclerosis process. The study was conducted to assess the correlation of VN, MDA and hs-CRP with the severity of coronary artery disease (CAD). Methods: Parameters such as serum VN, MDA and hs-CRP were measured in 250 subjects including 200 patients with angiographically diagnosed CAD (50 subjects with non-significant CAD, 50 with single vessel disease, 50 with double vessel disease, and 50 with triple vessel disease) and 50 CAD-free subjects as a control group. Serum VN was measured with ELISA; MDA was measured based on reaction with thiobarbituric acid (TBA); and hs-CRP level was measured by a Commercial Kit by Immunoturbidimetry. Results: Serum VN, MDA and hs-CRP were significantly higher in patient groups compared to control group (P < .05). The mean value of MDA between 1 vessel and 3 vessel groups had significant difference (P = .01), also mean value of MDA between 2 vessel and control group and normal group showed significant difference (P < .001). The difference of MDA between 3 vessel and normal and 1 vessel and control group was significant (P < .001). Conclusion: The association and correlation between VN, MDA and hs-CRP indicate their involvement in the atherosclerosis process that may lead to progression of CAD. Also, these findings suggested that serum levels of VN, MDA and hs-CRP can help as diagnostic and monitoring markers in CAD patients and as markers of disease severity.

Oxidative stress in coronary artery bypass surgery.

ObjectiveThe aim of this prospective study was to assess the dynamics of oxidative stress during coronary artery bypass surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass.MethodsSixteen patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting were enrolled. Blood samples were collected from the systemic circulation during anesthesia induction (radial artery - A1), the systemic venous return (B1 and B2) four minutes after removal of the aortic cross-clamping, of the coronary sinus (CS1 and CS2) four minutes after removal of the aortic cross-clamping and the systemic circulation four minutes after completion of cardiopulmonary bypass (radial artery - A2). The marker of oxidative stress, malondialdehyde, was measured using spectrophotometry.ResultsThe mean values of malondialdehyde were (ng/dl): A1 (265.1), B1 (490.0), CS1 (527.0), B2 (599.6), CS2 (685.0) and A2 (527.2). Comparisons between A1/B1, A1/CS1, A1/B2, A1/CS2, A1/A2 were significant, with ascending values (P<0.05). Comparisons between the measurements of the coronary sinus and venous reservoir after the two moments of reperfusion (B1/B2 and CS1/CS2) were higher when CS2 (P<0.05). Despite higher values ​​after the end of cardiopulmonary bypass (A2), when compared to samples of anesthesia (A1), those show a downward trend when compared to the samples of the second moment of reperfusion (CS2) (P<0.05).ConclusionThe measurement of malondialdehyde shows that coronary artery bypass grafting with cardiopulmonary bypass is accompanied by increase of free radicals and this trend gradually decreases after its completion. Aortic clamping exacerbates oxidative stress but has sharper decline after reperfusion when compared to systemic metabolism. The behavior of thiobarbituric acid species indicates that oxidative stress is an inevitable pathophysiological component.