Mean Something Research Articles

National and State Classical University in a Globalizing Modernity

The classical “university of reason”, the idea of which is defined in German classical philosophy and German romanticism as “preparation for knowledge”, and “mission” - as “the formation of goodwill”, i.e. the education of a citizen, has lost its foundation in modernity: the essential unity of culture, the nation, the state, and the university is removed and the named “elements” of this unity in modern reality, presented in the liberal version of the economic paradigm, mean something else: the article indicates their new meaning, and as such are no longer connected. The thing that has replaced the “university of reason” in modernity has other tasks: to guarantee globalization by producing technical, i.e. directly useful and standardized knowledge, and to participate in the formation of human capital. The products produced by the university are offered on the global market as a competitively priced commodity; the name “university” is still kept as a “technical term” to denote a “bureaucratically and commercially oriented corporation”. (B. Ridings). At the same time, a unified educational space as one of the areas of the global order needs the formation of a cosmopolitan worldview - the structure, the content of educational programs, the form of organization of the modern university-corporation (as now - “multicultural reality”) are aimed at fulfilling such a definite task. The concept of “sustainable development” and its stated agenda, by defining educational goals, represents a way of ’politicizing’ (W. Beck), which aims to limit total market logic and balance necessary inequalities to ensure the unity of the global order; the article asks what this means for a university that has lost its essential identity and is embedded in a global network.

Of Affects, Effects, Acts, and X

Of Affects, Effects, Acts, and X Michelle Liu Carriger (bio) Over more than a year of global pandemic, stress, tragedy, worldwide activist upheaval, and bitter US political struggle, this one non-life-threatening, merely annoying, little thing kept happening: everyone on the internet kept using “performative” to mean theatrical. Compared to the loss of life, livelihood, and social and familial connections across the globe, performative’s newly prominent role in hashtags and colloquial discussion may not merit a headline, but for the performance and dramatic theory community, inculcated with Austinian and Butlerian notions of “performativity” and the “performative” utterance (or action) that actually accomplishes something, the social media performative’s negative valence of “merely for show” or empty narcissism still delivers a shock. It wasn’t because I am angry about a pet word being abused by the masses that I formulated the call for the special section that became #PerformativeX and the issue of JDTC that you are reading now. It was rather because I suspected that such a groundswell indexed a surge of popular concern about fundamental issues of theatre and performance theory and I hoped our interdisciplines dedicated to such studies would have something (as it happened, many somethings) to add to these debates. The call for #PerformativeX brought in more than forty proposals. Of the many excellent ideas, we selected those that would speak directly to our current moment of heightened concern about the performative-as-mere-appearance-without-substance and its overlaps with—or challenges to—canonical works of performance theory. The works collected here are working at this frontier, where the tasks of sorting appearances from actions, and the actions contained within appearances, and the various guises of action and change, are all open and provocative questions. At what point might the proliferating nothing of social media’s “performative wokeness” tip into the Butlerian sustainedness of being something? How can we move our canon of theories further toward a nuanced reckoning with the powers of both theatricality/theatre/drama/representation/appearances and performativity/performance/efficaciousness, at once? And how can we do better than the crude [End Page 9] binary I’ve just re-invoked here? The seventeen authors assembled in this special section help us to do that. The special section is divided into two major subsections: full length articles and a selection of shorter pieces meant to deliver just one key argument or case study relevant to the theme. Aaron C. Thomas and Patrick McKelvey each point to places where fundamental performance studies discourses seem to have hardened into dogmas, reopening inquiries that restore complexity and nuance to our genealogies of theatre and performance theory. Meanwhile, Lilian Mengesha conveys the concerns of “performative allyship” into the theatre, with an examination of Sicangu Lakota playwright Larissa FastHorse’s most-produced script to date, The Thanksgiving Play. Kelsey Blair triangulates the “performative” in corporate, political, and individual activism, while co-authors Jessica Hautsch and Amy Cook analyze the ethical and political stakes of a novel mode of role-playing: the reaction GIF. The shorts section features twelve additional takes on various aspects of “performative” provocations, from internet and in-person activism in 2020 across the United States, Canada, and India to queer fashion to mainstream sports with historicizing trips back to Japan 1968 (Marotti) and James Baldwin’s Notes of a Native Son (Goss). My own grounding in performance and theatre theory has been re-enlivened by pressing ethical and political debates occurring across what has become The Long 2020, as we moved even more of our lives, work, and social and political activities online (and indeed throughout four years of a reality TV presidency). It began to feel as if the pervasive, ambivalent power of “theatricality” (which I take to mean something like appearances or representation unstably tethered to truth value) was really re-establishing dominion over performance studies’ attempt to define an efficacious or “real” ground to performance. The transformation of performative into an anti-theatrical slur indexes a very reasonable exhaustion and a very correct recognition that representations and statements are unstably attached to action; but to suggest that the verdict of performative is the end of an inquiry, instead of...

The meaning and depiction of “seclusion” (隱逸) in two TV variety shows, JTBC’s <Hyori’s Homestay> and tvN’s <Snail Hotel>

이 논문에서는 JTBC <효리네 민박>과 tvN <달팽이 호텔>을 연구대상으로 삼아, 두 프로그램에 재현된 은일의 양상과 의미를 밝히고자 하였다. 2000년 이후, 대한민국에 ‘힐링(Healing)’ 열풍이 불었다. ‘소확행(小確幸)’, ‘욜로(YOLO)’ 등의 신조어들도 잇따라 생겨나며 자신을 돌아보고, 자신의 생활을 즐기는 삶의 지향을 엿볼 수 있다. 이런 트렌드에 따라 TV에서도 힐링을 보여주는 다양한 프로그램들이 생겨났다. 우리가 사용하고 있는 ‘힐링(healing)’이라는 단어는 ‘치유(治癒)’로 번역되는데, 전통적 ‘은일(隱逸)’의 모습과 닮아있다고 생각된다. 전통적으로는 정치적 상황과 사상의 경향에 따라서 은일을 추구하는 모습이 드러났지만, 현대 사회에서도 ‘탈도시’를 꿈꾸는 사람들에게서 ‘은일’의 삶이 이어지고 있음이 보인다. 그래서 이 논문에서 TV예능프로그램에 주목하여, 미디어에 재현된 은일(隱逸)의 양상과 의미에 대해 분석해보고자 한다. 예능 프로그램을 분석하기에 앞서, 전통적인 은일의 개념과 문학 작품 속에서 어떤 모습으로 은일(隱逸)이 드러나고 있는지, ‘대은(大隱), 중은(中隱), 소은(小隱)’으로 나누어 도연명과 백거이, 이색, 심환지를 작품을 예로 들었다. <효리네 민박>과 <달팽이 호텔>은 ‘함께 무엇을’ 한다기 보다는 참여자가 각자의 여행을 즐기고 있다는 공통점이 있으면서도, <효리네 민박>은 은일의 삶을 간접 체험하는 포맷을, <달팽이 호텔>은 은일의 삶을 직접 체험하는 포맷으로 구성되어있다. <효리네 민박>에서는 손님들은 효리네 민박집에 머무르면서, 숙소의 주인인 이효리 부부의 제주도의 삶을 들여다 보고, 경험할 수 있는 기회가 제공된다. 이때의 이 부부의 삶이란 도시에서 섬으로 거주를 옮긴 은거의 삶이라 할 수 있고, 바쁜 도시에서의 일상에서 벗어나 느리게 흘러가는 소길리에서의 삶을 경험하는 것이다. <달팽이 호텔>은 강원도 정선의 산 골 속에 있는 달팽이 호텔로 2박 3일의 여행을 떠나는 구성으로, 이는 참여자가 잠시 은일의 삶을 살아보는 것이다. 여행이라는 포맷을 가지고 있으면서, 프로그램명이 함축하고 있는 것처럼, ‘느리게 느리게’ 살아보는, 꼭 무엇인가를 하려고 하지 않아도 되는 쉬어가는 일상의 의미를 담고 있다. TV예능프로그램에 재현된 은일의 모습은 ‘중은(中隱)’의 현대적 모습이라 할 수 있다. 자신의 삶과 완전한 단절을 의미하는 것이 아닌, 은일의 삶을 간접적 또는 직접적으로 경험해보고, 현재 처해있는 치열한 삶과의 거리두기를 하는 것이다. 바쁜 일상에서, 바쁜 도시의 삶에서 잠시 벗어나서 은일을 통해 여유를 가질 때, 다시 일상으로 돌아갈 수 있는 힘을 얻게 된다. 그동안 ‘리얼리티’나 ‘힐링’이라는 요소에 주목해온 예능 콘텐츠에 대해, ‘은일’의 관점으로 읽어보고자 하였다. 전통적 개념인 ‘은일’의 양상 또한 현대 사회 속에서, 현대인의 삶 속에서도 여전히 현재진행형이었으며, 예능 콘텐츠 내에서도 다양한 방식으로 수용되고 있음을 확인할 수 있었다.This paper investigates JTBC’s <Hyori’s Homestay> and tvN’s <Snail Hotel>, exploring various aspects and meanings of “eun-il(隱逸)” in both programs. Since 2000, there has been a “healing” craze in South Korea. New words, such as “sohwakhaeng(小確幸)” and “YOLO” have emerged, one after another, highlighting the tendency for people to and enjoy their lives. This trend has resulted in various healing-related programs on TV. The word “healing” used in this paper translates into “chiyu(治癒),” which is thought to mean something similar to traditional “seclusion.” Traditionally, the pursuit of seclusion has been discussed in relation to the political situation and intellectual trends. In modern society, however, the dream of a life of seclusion is prevalent among people who long to leave city life. This paper focuses on TV variety shows, analyzing the aspects and meanings of seclusion that appear in the media. Before analyzing TV variety shows, it explores the traditional concept of seclusion and how seclusion is depicted in literary works by Dae-eun(大隱), Jung-eun(中隱), and So-eun(小隱), citing Do Yeon-myeong(陶淵明) and Baek Ge-yi(白居易), Lee-saeck(李穡), and Shim Hwan-ji(沈煥之) as examples of his works. In both <Hyori’s Homestay> and <Snail Hotel>, the participants enjoy trips alone, rather than together. <Hyori’s Homestay> offers an indirect experience of a secluded life, while <Snail Hotel> offers a direct experience of a secluded life. The guests in <Hyori’s Homestay> stay at Hyori’s private home, getting to know and experience the lifestyle enjoyed by Hyori and her husband, who own a guest house on Jeju Island. The couple lives a secluded life, having moved from the city to the island. They experience a peaceful life in Sogil-ri, drifting slowly away from their daily lives in the busy city. <Snail Hotel> consists of a three-day trip to the Snail Hotel in Jeongseon, Gangwon-do, where participants live for a period of time. This show involves travel; as the name of the program implies, it also offers a relaxing daily routine. The participants don t have to try or do anything, apart from living “slowly and slowly.” The image of seclusion reproduced in TV variety shows is a modern version of “Jung-eun (中隱).” It does not entail a complete break from everyday life－just an opportunity to indirectly or directly experience a life of seclusion, distancing oneself from ordinary, intense life. For people whose daily lives are very busy, getting away from the hectic city and relaxing in seclusion for a while, can be reenergizing, enabling them to return to their normal lives with fresh energy. I wanted to read about TV variety shows that focus on the themes of “reality” and “healing” from the perspective of seclusion. The traditional concept of seclusion, which still exists in modern society and modern life, has been accepted in various ways in the entertainment context.

HYBRIDIZATION IN CONTEMPORARY TURKISH PAINTING

The word "hybrid" comes from the Latin "hibrida" root and is used to mean something confused. This can be called a new species, which is formed by combining two different species. Although the word hybrid is used more in the field of biology, it has found a place in many fields with new meanings over time. It is possible to say that the word hybrid also has a place in the art of painting. Because this should be the most appropriate definition for the conclusion reached by arranging different materials pictorially on a surface. Under the influence of changing social orders in the modern age, artists questioned their works and their identity and experienced a profound change in the plastic sense. It is possible to show the collages added to the painting surface, which started with Cubism in the early 20th century, as the earliest examples of hybridization. Later on, Dadaism and Pop-Art found it on the painting surface by using it for purposes other than pure forms of ready-made objects and created a hybridization in the context of homogeneous-heterogeneous mixtures. Although these approaches, other than traditional plastic values, created a great sensation at the time of their emergence, they are highly adopted today. Although we saw the first examples of hybridization in Western painters since the beginning of the 20th century, many Turkish painters also adopted this method in their works. Keywords: Hybridization, Painting Art, Plastic

Nurse managers in perioperative settings and their reasons for remaining in their jobs: A qualitative study.

The study describes what helps nurse managers maintain the strength to keep going as leaders. Good leadership is important for the quality of patient care, patient satisfaction in care and efficiency. Many nurse managers stay on despite challenges at work. Twelve nurse managers were interviewed. Data were analysed by systematic text condensation according to Malterud. The results were as follows: A-Walking side by side with my employees; B-Knowing that I mean something to my employees; C-Talking to myself-asking myself tough questions; D-Having someone to talk to, to decrease the feeling of being alone; E-Leading and managing in my own way-the fear of not succeeding is my motivation. The nurse managers built their own strategies to get through and get on when difficult situations arose. In order to succeed in leading their employees, the nurse managers gathered their inner strength through moving caritatively back and forth between the 'secret room' and the 'staff room' in the house of leadership. The manuscript gives insights into where nurse managers found sources of strengths in their everyday work.To realize their employees' strengths and motivationmade a difference for nurse managers as a driving force. By having someone to talk to and by asking themselves tough questions, they were prepared for the challenges that came.

“Damn I Didn’t Know Y’all Was Sad? I Thought It Was Just Memes”: Irony, Memes and Risk in Internet Depression Culture

Born in online cultures that use irony as a form of play, depression memes seek to subvert popular understandings of mental health and expression. Commenting as much on the brutal reality of depression as well as a number of associated anxiety symptoms, depression memes manifest as a generalised pessimism towards the future, often resulting in a nihilist outlook that borders on suicidal ideation. This article studies how depression meme culture operates as a logic transcending various social media platforms and their respective modes of subjectivisation, and risk results from the tension between them. Within mask cultures, dissimulation is the driving principle behind layering irony onto a text, with the purpose of constantly evading a stable sense of identity. (de Zeeuw, 2017, Tuters, 2019). On Facebook and other social media platforms like Instagram, irony can be pursued to increase one’s social capital and acts as a form of connective intimacy (McCosker, Gerrard, 2020). Internet depression culture reveals the tension between these different modes of subjectivity, and creates ambiguity that risks being recuperated by the neoliberal discourses around mental health it seeks to escape from.

Putting quality at the heart of strategy

Purpose of this paper Reviews the latest management developments across the globe and pinpoints practical implications from cutting-edge research and case studies. Design/methodology/approach This briefing is prepared by an independent writer who adds their own impartial comments and places the articles in context. Findings A key strategic question for modern organizations centers around the notion of quality. For many years, quality in business usually meant high end products that had a certain look and feel to them where the amount of time, effort and skill needed to make the products was clearly evident, and was as a result reflected in the price. Think Rolls Royce cars, bespoke dining furniture or Swiss watches. Then, toward the end of the 20th Century, quality began to mean something else in business. It was a quality of systems inside a firm, so that they were able to compete with others not necessarily on quality of product, but on quality of process. By reducing errors and maximizing efficiency, firms could lead the market through their processes while ensuring customers were happy. Practical implications Provides strategic insights and practical thinking that have influenced some of the world’s leading organizations. What is original/value of paper? The briefing saves busy executives and researchers hours of reading time by selecting only the very best, most pertinent information and presenting it in a condensed and easy-to-digest format.

Social media opinion and people’s elite of Russia

In modern Russian society, there is a gap be-tween the scientific oncept of “elite” and the group, which is usually called “elite” by the common man. The mass consciousness believes that the word “elite” means something of the highest quality, the best. The ruling group of politicians, in relation to which, as a rule, the term “elite” is used today, does not always look worthy in the eyes of society. Such dissonance, prevailing in the public mind, leads to a contradiction: the elite governing the state exists, but its image does not match the criteria of society. This mental shift in understanding what constitutes the pinnacle of society is very dangerous: after all, people who are disappointed in their state, in their ruling elite, experience frustration, their orientation in the social space is violated, where the concepts of “good and bad”, “top and bottom” are blurred. The question arises, how is it possible to reload the concept of “elite” in public opinion? A group of sociologists conducted an all-Russian research “The People’s Elite of Russia”, which aimed to outline the group of society that Russian citizens are ready to consider elite in the highest sense of the word, whom the Russians respect and whom they are proud of. During 329 personal interviews in 55 subjects of the Federation, we collected the names of people who are holding an impeccable reputation in society. The study included only open-ended questions. During the interview, alist of the names of the “heroes” has been compiled. Then their socio-demographic and professional indicators, political views and values have been analyzed. As a result, a portrait of the “people’s elite” was obtained, the description of which is given in this article.

Standing with Standing Rock: Voices from the #NoDAPL Movement ed. by Nick Estes and Jaskiran Dhillon

Reviewed by: Standing with Standing Rock: Voices from the #NoDAPL Movement ed. by Nick Estes and Jaskiran Dhillon Dawson Barrett STANDING WITH STANDING ROCK: Voices from the #NoDAPL Movement. Edited by Nick Estes and Jaskiran Dhillon. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 2019. In Standing with Standing Rock, Nick Estes and Jaskiran Dhillon, along with dozens of other contributors, present a historical flashpoint—a movement that is intergenerational, that inextricably pairs Indigenous sovereignty with the non-human environment, and that inspires and attracts people across borders and from different backgrounds. In effect, Estes and Dhillon ask why the Water Protectors' stand against the Dakota Access Pipeline (#NoDAPL) resonated so strongly with Indigenous and non-Indigenous peoples alike, and then use the answer to challenge readers to join in the struggle to protect our world. As Lewis Grassrope states bluntly in the collection, "This means something to everybody. This is everyone's fight" (36). Standing with Standing Rock, like its subject, is a convergence. Through interviews, poems, letters, op-eds, and other essays, the many authors offer a range of perspectives on #NoDAPL—some first-hand, others from a distance. The Oceti Sakowin Camp—which brought together more than 300 Native nations and their allies—provides a focal point, but what makes this collection so provocative is how it also presents this moment as something larger and historic. At Standing Rock, Indigenous nations challenged the US government. Defenders of the natural world defied the destructive fossil fuel industry. Everyday people stood up to predatory banks. Non-violent activists confronted armies, [End Page 59] water cannons, and attack dogs. In short, #NoDAPL provides a glimpse at new possibilities for upending the current order. A logical companion to Estes' excellent Our History is the Future, this collection similarly connects #NoDAPL to a long history of Indigenous, anti-colonial resistance, while also framing today's struggle as a harbinger of a "decolonial future" (10). To that end, various pieces offer a primer on Indigenous sovereignty, treaties, and centuries of US government policies alternating between assimilation and elimination—a past that LaDonna Bravebull Allard reminds readers is "not ancient history" (46). The authors also offer a more immediate historical context, connecting #NoDAPL to contemporary struggles against gender violence, white supremacy, environmental destruction, and empire. These include direct and indirect ties to other movements for justice, such as Idle No More, Black Lives Matter, Sanctuary, Anti-fascism, Occupy Wall Street, and others. There is also an important link to the Global War on Terror, both through the mercenary forces that provided surveillance and joined heavily-armed police forces in their violent attacks on Water Protectors, and through a group of US military veterans who stood alongside Water Protectors and offered apologies for US crimes against Indigenous nations. Though it does at times give redundant information from piece to piece, Estes and Dhillon's collection flows better than many volumes that feature numerous entries and authors. Standing with Standing Rock is a real achievement. Its simultaneous depth and breadth is impressive. It has much to tell us about where we are and where we need to go. It should be useful, and appreciated, in a wide range of college courses—and beyond. Dawson Barrett Del Mar College Copyright © 2020 Mid-America American Studies Association

Dangerous Weather

Dangerous Weather Natalie Teal McAllister (bio) Jim wanted the ceiling fan and you wanted the window unit and Jim won until the baby was born. Jim won everything until the baby was born, and then the baby won everything thereafter. The baby had been born in August. The first night she was home neither the fan nor the window unit could keep up. She screamed and thrashed until Jim had her in just a diaper and you hovered over her and hoped she would cry herself to sleep because to touch her would surely have made the situation worse. Jim had central air installed within the week, but that was his idea, too. Thirty years later with the same unit outside, you should have known you were in trouble when you woke up to the sound of robins in the mulberry tree. In the still-dark morning, you can hear the last handful of crickets in the yard and a car on the main road three streets over. What you can’t hear is that air conditioner. ________ When you wake again the sun is up and even the birds are too hot to sing. It’s near 90 in the bedroom. You shuffle to the thermostat and let it confirm what you suspected. The dial reads closer to 85, but the bedroom is on the sun side of the house and stays warmer in every month of the year. You slide the knob as far to the left as it will go and wait for the machine to kick on. You tell yourself to give it five minutes. Be patient with the old thing. Two minutes later you slide into your flip flops and push open the back door. The unit is tucked into an odd corner of the house. Maybe it has been a few years since you’ve actually looked at it. You nudge the bottom of your flip flop into it. When that doesn’t work, you clap the palm of your hand against the metal grate. Then you do it again. The second time your hand comes up with a coat of rust and you give the unit up for dead. ________ You keep a collection of magnets on the refrigerator. Names of repair men and plumbing companies. People who want to sell you insurance. You peel off one for Randy Mr. Fix It. He picks up on the third ring. “Randy Mr. Fix It,” he says. “You break it, I fix it.” You tell him the situation with the unit. “Alright. I can fix that. Let me get you on the schedule.” You ask him what he means by schedule. “I mean yours isn’t the only one that’s broken.” You pull back the curtain on the back door and look over at your neighbor’s unit. As far as you can tell, it’s working. “The news said there’s an excessive heat warning,” you say. “That’s got to mean something.” You say it but you don’t believe it means anything to people like Randy. What else is this world but [End Page 156] a place where men can promise to care for you, to watch out for you, and never mean a second of it. Still you find the smallest part of your heart wants to believe otherwise. “I’m getting through them as fast as I can. I can try to get you in at 4:30. Last call of the day.” They said on TV it would be 110 by then. “If I get done sooner, I’ll get there sooner. I’ll do what I can.” “I could die in here before then,” you say. “That’s what they said.” He takes what feels like a full minute to answer. You spend that minute wondering—if you did die, when would they find you? Would it be come winter? Or would they notice when your mail piled up? What if you didn’t have much mail to speak of? Then it comes to you: it would be the overgrown lawn. That’s how they would know you were dead. “If I were you,” he says, “I...

Carlotta Speaks: The Letters of Carlotta Monterey O'Neill to Gene Baker McComas, 1918–1952

Carlotta Speaks: The Letters of Carlotta Monterey O'Neill to Gene Baker McComas, 1918–1952

Lex: A Study on Medieval Terminology for Religion

Medieval Christian authors frequently employed the Latin word lex (“law”) and its vernacular cognates to mean something akin to the modern notion of “religion.” Like a religion, a lex was the collection of observances that marked a particular people‐group, such as Christians or Muslims. This article examines the category of lex in its historical context revealing both its similarities and differences from modern “religion.” It argues that the category of lex borrowed on Roman ethnography and Patristic exegesis and was inseparable from larger Christian ideas about society, human nature, and political order.

Narrative- and Space-Making in the City on the Example of Lublin

This paper discusses the literary, artistic, scientific, and educational narratives that are (re)created to facilitate the city’s recovery of memory in the wake of the Holocaust.This is the case with Lublin.The story of the complete destruction of its Jewish quarter in the Second World War is a tragically familiar one in Central Europe, even though it had been silenced and forgotten for decades during the communist period. I would like to analyze an essayistic project that searches for a new language about a place left empty. How could one fill the void by making it mean something to new people, becoming their own narrative, and preserving the presence of the city’s former inhabitants? How is it possible to create a new mythology of a place? I assume that such questions must have been the starting point for essays on Lublin byWładysław Panas (1947–2005), related to the commemoration in the context of urban space. My text comes in four parts. I begin with general information and historical background, as well as an introduction to the analysis of Panas’s essay Oko Cadyka (The Eye of the Tzaddik) − the main subject of my paper − which exemplifies the reflection on the creation of narrative and urban space in contemporary humanities. In the second part, I focus on and contextualize the relationship between text and city that the essay postulates. The third part deals with theoretical approaches to interpretation. The fourth part underlines the scientific and critical aspects of Panas’s text, which questions the language of science − the humanities, historiography, and theory in general. I end with a look at some artistic projects inspired by his images.

Sedition, Sexuality, Gender, and Gender Identity in South Asia

While there is a consensus that we are in a period of heightened official foreclosure of critical speech in South Asia, it would be wrong to presume that this historical period is exceptional in this regard. This special issue of SAMAJ takes up the ways in which laws against sedition and other laws controlling speech in South Asia are being used by the governments there with increasing frequency—against activists, lawyers and journalists. The issue is an examination of the uses of judicial and extrajudicial means to silence dissent throughout South Asia, and with an eye toward the historical precedents of particular contemporary instantiations of foreclosing and repressing critical speech. Here, we put these attempts at foreclosing criticism of the state in dialogue with the rise of new forms of public discourse and debate on gender and sexuality in South Asia, in order to pose a series of questions. What do questions of sexuality and gender identity have to do with revolutionary politics, with questions of class and political economy? Where are the spaces for radical critique constituted when there seems to be more space for different forms of gender and sexuality politics, sociality, and critique, and when the stakes of dissent seem to be climbing ever higher? Does it mean something in particular to have a queer feminist analysis, or to be queer or trans, in such times? Amongst these articles, the short answer to the last question is yes, but these meanings are multiple, and the grounds on which the politics of sexuality and gender rest are highly contested. Drawing on the longstanding history of feminist engagements with—and reliance on—the notion of dissent, and on work that interrogates the intersections of gender identity, sexuality and national belonging, this collection seeks to examine dissent, nationalism, and the politics of gender and sexuality within the frame of contemporary South Asia.

Probable Cause Pluralism

The constitutionality of a search or seizure typically depends upon the connection between the target of that search or seizure and some allegation of illegal behavior—a connection assessed by asking whether the search or seizure is supported by probable cause. But as central as probable cause is to the Fourth Amendment’s administration, no one seems to know what it means or how it operates. Indeed, the Supreme Court insists it is “not possible” to define the term, holding instead that the probable-cause inquiry entails no more than the application of “common sense” to “the totality of the circumstances.” Viewed charitably, this refusal to elaborate on the meaning of probable cause stems from an understandable desire for doctrinal flexibility in the face of weighty and competing law-enforcement demands. But the Court’s doctrinal approach is also routinely criticized as an “I know it when I see it” jurisprudence that is ill equipped to safeguard civil liberties in the numerous interactions between civilians and law-enforcement actors. This tension between doctrinal flexibility and structure is the animating dilemma of probable cause jurisprudence—a dilemma that this Article attempts to navigate and, ultimately, to resolve. To do so, it urges a rejection of an often invoked—if not always followed—tenet of Supreme Court doctrine: probable cause unitarianism. That dominant idea, expressly endorsed in many of the Court’s leading precedents, holds that whatever probable cause means, it ought to entail the same basic analytic method and be judged by the same substantive standard, from one case to another. But on close inspection, the Supreme Court’s existing jurisprudence contains seeds of an alternative— and superior—conception of probable cause, which this Article terms probable cause pluralism. On this view, probable cause is an open-textured and capacious idea that can comfortably encompass distinct analytic frameworks and substantive standards, each of which can be tailored to the unique epistemological and normative challenges posed by different types of Fourth Amendment events. Probable-cause analysis can be statistically driven or intuitively assessed; it can demand compelling evidence of illegal behavior or only an occasionally satisfied profile; it can presume the credibility of some types of witnesses while treating others with deserved skepticism or disbelief. It can, in short, come to mean something—if it gives up on meaning any one thing in all cases. In its current form, probable cause’s pluralism is nascent, implicit, and undertheorized—and is thus at best a stunted and haphazard collection of disparate ideas. This Article’s central contribution is to bring those ideas together, refining and synthesizing them into a comprehensive account of what a pluralist theory of probable cause could and should look like. Specifically, by organizing probable cause around three central analytic axes—which in turn ask how to assess evidentiary claims, how to assess proponents of such claims, and how to determine the certainty thresholds for those two assessments—this Article constructs a universally applicable framework for determining the constitutionality of any given search or seizure. With that framework in hand, scholars and jurists will be better equipped to reason through the many and varied cases to come and better able to assess the many cases that have come before.

Wpf - wisser: flotation

The word flotation is generally understood to mean something that is floating. It is used even in frothing. This presentation focuses on flotation where only microbubbles formed from pressurised dissolved gas raise the solid matter in a liquid to the surface of the liquid in a flotation basin, and the liquid is thereby purified. Flotation is becoming an economical factor in purifying liquids and, above all, waters in internal circulation loops of industrial plants as well as in municipal effluent treatment. The theoretical background of flotation and its applications in WISER FLOTATION will be described in the following. Flotation will also be compared with water purification by sedimentation. Finally, two applications will be described in general outline.

Lex: A Study on Medieval Terminology for Religion

Medieval Christian authors frequently employ the Latin word lex and its vernacular cognates to mean something akin to the modern notion of “religion.” Like a religion, a lex was the collection of observances that marked a particular people-group, such as Christians or Muslims. This article examines the category of lex in its historical context revealing both its similarities and differences from modern “religion.” It will argue that the category of lex was inseparable from larger Christian ideas about society, human nature, and political order. A revised version of this working paper was later published in the Journal of Religious History 42 (2019)

MAKNA DAN NILAI LAGU YANG TERKANDUNG DALAM SYAIR LAGU HAHOLONGI MA SIDOLI KARYA DOMPAK SINAGA SERTA PROSES PENCIPTAANNYA

This study aims to determine the meaning of the valuecontained in the song lyrics haholongi ma Sidoli worksDompak sinaga. The theory used is the meaning, value, Songand Poetry. The meaning is the meaning or intent of a wordthat summed. Values mean something that has a quality angle,song is a composition of the tone or voice. The researchmethod used is descriptive qualitative. This research wasconducted in Humbang Hasundutan and research was startedin December 2015 to February 2016. The study populationwas not there. While the sample is Haholongi Song Ma SidoliDompak Sinaga work as much as one song and DompakSinaga. The results of this study indicate that the meaning ofthe song lyric Haholongi Ma Sidoli were lovers who are notdestined for a brotherly relationship (match). The values onthe song lyric Haholongi Ma Sidoli is: enjoyment value, thevalue of patience, the value of love, psychiatric tilapia, thevalue of life.

A paradigm shift: “Defect of the fontanel” instead of “Accessory ostium” and classified nasal septal deformities instead of “septal deviation”

Abstract OBJECTIVES. The purpose of this article is to highlight some terms which have been ingrained in the rhinosinusology literature. MATERIAL AND METHODS. It regards the term “accessory ostium” and the term “septal deviation”. The well-known and deeply ingrained term “accessory ostium” has been widely used for decades, but essentially it is absolutely incorrect. “Septal deviation” is an inadequate term for the changes of the nasal septum form. RESULTS. From the linguistic point of view, “accessory” means something (or someone) which (or who) helps someone or gives support (to something or someone) in some process. We recommend the use of the term “defect of the fontanel” instead of “accessory ostium”. The use of the term “septal deformity” (from Latin: de forma, meaning the change in the shape) is etymologically much more appropriate. Septal deformities appear in man in several, well defined shapes and, therefore, can be correctly classified. The classification contributes to the further scientific conversations regarding the clinical issues connected to the changes of the nasal septum form. CONCLUSION. The usual term “accessory ostium” suggests almost a normal finding on the lateral nasal wall, but, on the contrary, it clearly signalizes that the respective maxillary sinus is chronically inflamed. The usual term “septal deviation” is not at all specific and only suggests that something is wrong with the position of the nasal septum. It does not at all imply any of the six well known types of septal deformities in man.

Multiple Intelligences in Teaching and Education: Lessons Learned from Neuroscience.

This brief paper summarizes a mixed method review of over 500 neuroscientific reports investigating the proposition that general intelligence (g or IQ) and multiple intelligences (MI) can be integrated based on common and unique neural systems. Extrapolated from this interpretation are five principles that inform teaching and curriculum so that education can be strengths-based and personalized to promote academic achievement. This framework is proposed as a comprehensive model for a system of educational cognitive neuroscience that will serve the fields of neuroscience as well as educators. Five key principles identified are culture matters, every brain is unique—activate strengths, know thyself, embodied cognition/emotional rudder, and make it mean something.