Mean Serum Uric Acid Level Research Articles

ASSOCIATION OF URIC ACID WITH COMPONENTS OF METABOLIC SYNDROME AT A TERTIARY CARE CENTRE IN BENGALURU

Background: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is also known as syndrome X, insulin resistance syndrome is dened as a group of disease developed due to accumulation of multiple risk factors that includes resistance to insulin, dyslipidemia, abdominal obesity and hypertension. Metabolic syndrome, is associated not only with type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease, but also with many other systemic disorders such as cerebrovascular accident, chronic lung disease and fatty liver disease. Hyperuricemia (above 7.0 mg/dL in men and 6.0 mg/dL in women) has been reported to be closely related to diabetes, hypertension, obesity, renal function decline, and cardiovascular disease, most of which are principal contributors in the development and progression of MetS. The study aimed to assess the associations of serum uric acid with the components of MetS. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the hospitals attached to Bangalore medical college and research Institute. 110 patients with metabolic syndrome who satised the inclusion criteria were included. Data was collected in the form of history, clinical examination, and relevant investigations. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software, p value of <0.5 being signicant Results: The mean age of the study participants was found to be 51.55+7.760 years of age. 62.7% of the study participants were males The mean serum uric acid level of the study participants was found to be 6.325+2.7910. 41.82% of the study participants who had metabolic syndrome had hyperuricemia. The association was found to be statistically signicant between hyperuricemia and hypertension, central obesity, low HDL, high FBS among the study participants. Conclusions: Serum uric acid is closely associated with metabolic syndrome and its components. Serum uric acid can also be considered as a mandatory investigation in patients who has any of the ve components of metabolic syndrome

The association between serum uric acid and cognitive performance in patients with ischemic stroke is modified by estimated glomerular filtration rate

The relationship between serum uric acid (SUA) and poor cognitive performance in patients with ischemic stroke is unclear. We hypothesized that the severity of renal function mediates the association between SUA and cognitive dysfunction.A retrospective analysis of 608 patients with ischemic stroke was conducted between 2016 and 2020. SUA was obtained from inpatient medical records. Global cognitive function via mini-mental state exam (MMSE) and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) was determined one month after hospital discharge. The relationship between SUA and cognitive function was assessed by multiple linear and logistic regression analyses. Patients had a mean age of 66.6 years (SD: 4.1 years), and 52% were male. The mean SUA level was 298.6 ± 75.4 μmol/L. SUA increases were significantly positively associated with lower MMSE and MoCA scores and increased risk of moderate-severe cognitive impairment one month after stroke (p < 0.01), even after adjusting for factors including age, gender, BMI, diabetes and hypertension history. Adding a term for estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) attenuated these associations such that SUA was no longer associated with cognitive performance. A fully adjusted stronger negative association between SUA and cognitive performance was found in those who had lower eGFR, with a significant eGFR interaction for MMSE (p-interaction = 0.016) and MoCA (p-interaction = 0.005). In patients with ischemic stroke, SUA showed an inverse association with cognitive function among those who have lower eGFR. The renal function might mediate the association between SUA and cognitive dysfunction.

STUDY OF SERUM URIC ACID LEVELS IN CIRRHOSIS OF LIVER AND ITS CORRELATION WITH CHILD PUGH SCORE

Background: Liver cirrhosis is one of the most common causes of morbidity and mortality. Elevated serum uric acid (UA) levelsstrongly reflect progression of liver disease. Child Pugh Scoreused to assess the severity of cirrhosis of liver. The present study was undertaken toestimate the level of serum UA in liver cirrhosis patients and its association with the child Pugh score. Method: A total 70 patients diagnosed with cirrhosis of liver, aged above 20 years were included in the study. For each patient, a modified Child Pugh Score were calculated. Blood samples were collected, and hematological and biochemical tests were performed. Results: The mean serum UA level was 7.53mg/dl, and it was raised in patients with liver cirrhosis disease in relation to its severity. Alcoholic liver disease was the most common etiology for liver cirrhosis (80%). The mean serum AST and ALT level was 72.8mg/dland42.07mg/dlrespectively, theywere not increasing with increase in serum UA level. Whereas mean serum total bilirubin level and INR value was 2.73mg/dl and 2.02mg/dl respectively, they increasedwith increase in serum UA level. The mean serum albumin level was 2.6mg/dl and it decreased withincrease in serum UA level. Serum UA levels increased as CTP score increased. Maximum UA levels were found in CTP class C (Mean 9.23mg/dl) and maximum mean UA levels (6.6mg/dl) were noted in alcoholic liver disease. Conclusions: Serum UA level is an important part of spectrum of liver cirrhosis disease.UA is a mediator of inflammation and tissue damage thus, itmay be considered as a marker of severity of liver cirrhosis disease.

A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY TO EVALUATE HIGH LEVELS OF SERUM URIC ACID IN DIFFERENT INDIAN COMMUNITIES

Higher uric acid levels or hyperuricemia is a product of more uric acid production, dysfunctional renal excretion, or a combination of both leading to deposition of urate crystals in the joints and kidneys and has been strongly linked with the development of gout, that is, acute inflammatory arthritis. Uric acid levels have been suggested to depend on multiple factors including lifestyle, diet, alcohol consumption, etc. As these are risk parameters for hyperuricemia and since lifestyle choices vary amongst different Indian communities, we sought to study the prevalence of hyperuricemia in these communities. Also, large-scale data (in terms of gender, age, lifestyle, community) on the prevalence of hyperuricemia in subjects amongst different community populations, Hindu, Muslim, Sikh, and Christian was generated.In a retrospective study conducted at Dr. D. Y. Patil School of Medicine &amp; Research Centre, Navi Mumbai from April 2018 to May 2021, information was gathered from four major communities on a range of indicators including serum uric acid levels followed by a thorough multilevel logistic analysis. We evaluated uric acid levels in 10,378 patients of four different communities. Outcomes were assessed biochemically as well as clinically based on the levels of serum uric acid.The mean serum uric acid levels were highest in Sikhs (7.6 mg%, n=732) followed by Christians (7.3 mg%, n=892) and then by Hindus (5.9 mg%, n=6846) and Muslims (5.6 mg%, n=1908). About 83.7% of Christians consumed meat in a non-vegetarian diet followed by 45.7% Muslims. Percentage of Christians who binge drink were highest whereas percentage of Sikh people in the heavy drinkers’ category were 5.2%. Further, 9.5% Hindus were current smokers followed by 7.8% Sikhs who smoked at present.Overall, our study of 10,378 patients demonstrated that the serum uric acid levels varied from one Indian community to another due to varying external factors like diet, age, lifestyle, and addictions. Thus, lifestyle modification in communities with higher serum uric acid levels is highly advocated and this may reduce the healthcare burden of gouty arthritis in these communities.

A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY ON CORRELATION BETWEEN SERUM URIC ACID LEVEL AND CAROTID ATHEROSCLEROSIS IN PATIENTS OF TYPE 2 DIABETES

Objective: The objective of the study was to assess correlation between uric acid (UA) level and carotid intima media thickness (CIMT) in type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) patients. Methods: The study was conducted in the Department of Medicine, SMS Medical College and Attached Hospital, among adults with type 2 DM. It was cross-sectional study conducted from April 1, 2019, to December 31, 2020. Sample size is calculated 60 patients of Type 2 DM. As per previous study show correlation coefficient between serum UA (SUA) level and CIMT (r=0.779)52 (For 90% power and 1% α error). CIMT and carotid artery plaques were measured through Doppler ultrasound. The thickness was measured at 1 cm proximal to the dilatation of the carotid bulb. The mean of maximum IMT of both the common carotid artery is taken as the average CIMT. Results: Most patients (60%) were diabetics since 5 years and nearly 30% had diabetes since 5–15 years while only 10% had diabetes since more than 15 years. Mean duration of diabetes was 6.91±5.88 years. Two thirds of diabetic individuals (67%) had HDL cholesterol level above 40 mg/dL. About 42% of diabetic individuals had triglyceride level &lt;150 mg/dL and 5% of diabetic individuals had LDL cholesterol level &lt;100 mg/dL. Mean HDL cholesterol, Triglycerides, and LDL cholesterol were 47.4±15.49 mg/dL, 153.78±81.56 mg/dL, and 92.33±57.28 mg/dL, respectively. Mean bilirubin and serum creatinine in study population were 0.65±0.48 mg/dL and 0.96±0.18 mg/dL, respectively. Mean CRP was 3.95±2.40 mg/L. Mean SUA level in study population was 5.78±2.18 mg/dL. Mean of average CIMT was found to be 8.0±1.16 mm. Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and UA had negative weak linear correlation which was statistically significant. HbA1c and average CIMT had no or week negative correlation which was not statistically significant and SUA and average CIMT showed positive moderate linear correlation which was statistically significant. Conclusion: Carotid atherosclerosis as measured by IMT is associated with SUA levels in patients with type 2 DM. In type 2 DM patients, HbA1C is negatively correlated with UA while HbA1C has no correlation with CIMT.

Gender Difference in Serum Levels of Uric Acid in Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction

Introduction: Serum uric acid (SUA) level has been shown to be increased in patients with cardiovascular disease. This increase is generally higher in women than men. However, there is conflicting evidence based on different population. This study was aimed to explore and assed gender-based differences in the level of SUA in an Iranian subjects with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). We also investigated the relationship between SUA and clinical characteristics including, BMI, Killip class, hypertension and diabetes. Method: A total of 78 AMI patients, aged 20-90 years, comprised of 39 men and 39 women were enrolled in this cross sectional study. Venous blood samples were drawn from each of the participants after a nocturnal fasting on days 1, 3 and 4. Anthropometric indices, fasting plasma glucose, lipid profile and uric acid level as well as the ejection fraction (EF) were measured using standard protocols. Results: The mean SUA level in women was significantly higher than that in male on days 1,3,4 (P=0.001, 0.002, 0.03 respectively). A strong association was found between SUA on day 3 and hypertension, even after adjustment for BMI (OR=2.29, 95% CI, 1.21-4.3). There was also a significant correlation between SUA and age in women (p=0.03). However, such relationship was no found for diabetes. Conclusion: An increased level of SUA was observed in women. This increment was also associated with hypertension and age in women. Our results suggest a gender differences in the association of SUA level with AMI related adverse events.

Implications of serum uric acid for female infertility: results from the national health and nutrition examination survey, 2013–2020

BackgroundThere is limited concrete evidence connecting serum uric acid levels to female infertility. Therefore, this study aimed to find out if serum uric acid levels are independently related to female infertility.MethodsFrom the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2013–2020, a total sample of 5872 chosen female participants between the ages of 18 and 49 were identified for this cross-sectional study. The serum uric acid levels (mg/dL) of each participant were tested, and the reproductive health questionnaire was used to evaluate each subject's reproductive status. Both in the analyses of the full sample and each subgroup, logistic regression models were used to evaluate the relationship between the two variables. A stratified multivariate logistic regression model was used to perform the subgroup analysis based on serum uric acid levels.ResultsInfertility was found in 649 (11.1%) of the 5,872 female adults in this study, with greater mean serum uric acid levels (4.7 mg/dL vs. 4.5 mg/dL). Serum uric acid levels were associated with infertility in both the initial and adjusted models. According to multivariate logistic regression, the odds of female infertility were found to be significantly higher with rising serum uric acid levels (Q4 [≥ 5.2 mg/dL] vs. Q1 [≤ 3.6 mg/dL]), adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 1.59, p = 0.002]. The data suggests that there is a dose–response relationship between the two.ConclusionsThe results from this nationally representative sample from the United States confirmed the idea that there is a link between increased serum uric acid levels and female infertility. Future research is necessary to evaluate the relationship between serum uric acid levels and female infertility and explicate the underlying mechanisms of this relationship.

Pattern of gout and its association with chronic kidney disease in Maiduguri, northeastern Nigeria.

Gout is considered uncommon among Black Africans. It is commoner in men and associated with obesity, hypertension, and chronic kidney disease (CKD). This study aims to determine the pattern and frequency of gout and its associated factors in Maiduguri, north-eastern Nigeria. A retrospective study of gout patients managed at the rheumatology clinic of the University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital (UMTH), Nigeria, from January 2014 to December 2021. Diagnosis of gout was made using the Netherlands 2010 criteria, and CKD was defined as an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) of < 60ml/min/1.73m2 using the 2021 CKD-epidemiology collaboration (CKD-EPI) creatinine equation. A P-value of < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Out of 1409 patients seen during the study period, 150 (10.7%) had gout. They comprised 57.0% males, mostly presented with mono-articular disease (47.7%) with the ankle predominantly involved (52.3%). First metatarsophalangeal and knee joint involvement were commoner among males than females (59% vs 39%, p = 0.052 and 55.7% vs 34.8%, p = 0.05 respectively). The mean serum uric acid (SUA) level was 557.6 ± 176.2mmol/l, and the levels did not differ between gender (p = 0.118, CI [- 126.6 to 14.5]). Ninety (84.1%) had CKD with 20.6% in end-stage renal disease (eGFR < 15ml/min/1.73m2). Polyarticular involvement and tophi were commoner among patients with CKD (21.1% versus 11.8% p = 0.652 and χ = 4.364, p = 0.022 respectively) Serum uric acid levels positively correlated with serum creatinine (p = 0.006) and negatively correlated with eGFR (p = 0.001). The best predictor of SUA level was the eGFR (B = - 2.598, p < 0.001). Gout in north-eastern Nigeria constitutes about 11% of all rheumatic diseases and is typically monoarticular; however, polyarticular form and tophi were commonly seen in patients with CKD. Further studies will be needed to evaluate the relationship between the pattern of gout and CKD in the region. Key Points • Gout in Maiduguri is commonly monoarticular; however, polyarticular presentations and tophi are commoner among gout patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). • The increase in the burden of CKD might have resulted in the increase in the number of females with gout. • The use of the validated and simple Netherlands criteria for the diagnosis of gout is useful in developing countries to overcome the challenges associated with the use of polarized microscope and thereby allowing further research on gout. • There is a need for further research on the pattern and prevalence of gout and its relationship with CKD in Maiduguri, Nigeria.

Frequency of Hyperuricemia In Patients Presenting with Acute Ischaemic Stroke

Hyperuricemia refers to elevated serum uric acid concentration above the upper limit of normal. Objective: To determine hyperuricemia in patients presenting with acute ischemic stroke to the Neurology ward of Lady Reading Hospital, Peshawar. Methods: A total of 153 patients were observed to the frequency of hyperuricemia in patients presenting with acute ischemic stroke. Study design was cross sectional study which was conducted for the period of 6 months. The total Sample size was calculated by using WHO sample size calculator. It was calculated using the World Health Organization software. Results: A total of 153 patients were observed to the frequency of hyperuricemia in patients presenting with acute ischemic stroke. Mean age of study participants was 52.45±1.14 years. Distribution of hyperuricemia was 114(74.5%). Mean serum uric acid level among cases of acute ischemic stroke was 06.15 ± 01.91 mg/dl while the mean serum uric acid level among control group was 05.1 ± 01.4 mg/dl. The results were highly significant p-value &lt; 0.0001. Conclusions: Serum uric acid levels can be used to predict stroke risk. Moreover, serum uric acid can be utilized to stratify risk following a stroke. Long-term prospective research is needed to determine the involvement of serum uric acid in ischemic stroke. A trial of serum uric acid reducing medications in stroke patients as well as those at high risk of stroke may also be worthwhile.

Evaluation of Serum Creatinine and Serum Uric Acid In Hypothyroid Patients: A Cross-sectional Study

Introduction: Hypothyroidism, a prevalent endocrine disorder, leads to a generalised metabolic slowdown due to insufficient thyroid hormone production, potentially resulting in elevated levels of serum uric acid and creatinine, thus affecting renal function and purine metabolism. Aim: To assess serum creatinine and serum uric acid levels in hypothyroid patients while establishing correlations with their thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), free triiodothyronine (FT3), and free thyroxine (FT4) levels. Materials and Methods: A comparative cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Biochemistry, Government Medical College, Kozhikkode, Kerala, India. The study involved 140 participants, including 70 recently diagnosed hypothyroid patients and 70 age- and sex-matched euthyroid individuals. Thyroid hormone levels (FT3, FT4) and TSH were quantified using the Cobas e411 electro-chemiluminescence technique. Serum creatinine levels were measured using the Modified Jaffe’s method, and serum uric acid levels were assessed through the Uricase method (Enzokit). Data analysis was performed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 21.0, and tables and graphs were generated using Microsoft Word and Excel. Results: The mean age of study participants of control group was 39.02 years and of the hypothyroid group was 36.80 years. The comparative cross-sectional analysis revealed significantly higher levels of serum uric acid and serum creatinine in hypothyroid patients compared to euthyroid controls. Specifically, hypothyroid patients exhibited a mean serum uric acid level of 10.77±2.34 mg/dL, while euthyroid controls had a mean of 4.37±0.94 mg/dL. Mean serum creatinine levels for hypothyroid patients and euthyroid controls were 2.16±0.80 mg/dL and 0.75±0.14 mg/dL, respectively. Notably, a significant positive correlation was observed between serum uric acid and serum creatinine levels with TSH (r=0.42, p-value&lt;0.001 and r=0.45, p=0.00, respectively). Conclusion: The study identified significantly higher levels of serum uric acid and creatinine in hypothyroid patients compared to euthyroid individuals, potentially attributed to haemodynamic changes and disruptions in purine metabolism. Regular monitoring of these parameters is crucial for individuals with hypothyroidism.

Serum Uric Acid Levels In Patients With Diabetes Mellitus And Its Correlation With Glomerular Filtration Rate

Context: Serum uric acid is a potential risk factor for development of type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Hyperuricemia is frequently found in persons with metabolic syndrome. Aim: To compare the serum uric acid in the normal population and in those with diabetes mellitus. Settings and Design: A comparative study was conducted in a tertiary-care teaching hospital in South India, with 100 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and 100 healthy controls. Methods and Material: Serum uric acid levels were compared in patients with diabetes and the controls. The serum uric acid levels of the cases and controls were correlated with GFR. Association with factors such as age, gender, BMI, duration of diabetes, proteinuria and hypertension were looked for. Statistical analysis used: Appropriate test of significance such as Student t test, one-way ANOVA test and Pearson’s correlation were used. A p-value of less than 0.05 was considered significant. Results: The mean GFR in cases were 82.6 and in controls were 116.76. The mean serum uric acid levels were significantly higher among cases as compared to controls (4.8 v/s 3.7 mg/dl. A weak negative correlation was obtained between serum uric acid levels and GFR, both in diabetics as well as healthy controls. Conclusions: Serum uric acid levels were higher in patients with diabetes mellitus than in the normal population. Those with elevated serum uric acid levels were found to have reduced GFR.

Vitamin D Status in Patients with Renal Disorders at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India: A Cross-sectional Study

Introduction: Patients with renal disorders often have insufficient levels of vitamin D. One of the key enzymes involved in activating vitamin D, 1-α hydroxylase, is present in the kidneys. As a result, patients with kidney diseases are more susceptible to developing vitamin D deficiency, which can increase mortality and morbidity in these patients. Additionally, variations in lifestyle and culture can contribute to geographical differences in baseline serum vitamin D levels. Aim: To evaluate and compare serum vitamin D levels in patients with various renal disorders. Materials and Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Biochemistry at the KMCH Institute of Health Sciences and Research Centre in Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India from August 2018 to August 2019. Data from 269 patients were collected from the Medical Records Department (MRD) using a predefined data collection tool. All patients with renal disease, regardless of disease severity, who had serum vitamin D levels measured during the study period were included. The collected data included age, gender, height, weight, Body Mass Index (BMI), dietary history, diagnosis, serum vitamin D3 levels, and serum creatinine levels. The data were statistically analysed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and Pearson’s correlation coefficient. Results: Among the study participants, 148 were males and 121 were females, with a mean age of 54.12±17.43 years. The mean vitamin D3 level in the study population was 20.8 ng/mL. The mean serum creatinine and urea levels were 2.2±1.1 mg/ dL and 63.2±42.1 mg/dL, respectively. The mean estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (eGFR) was 41.4±25.34 ml/min/1.73 m2. The mean serum calcium, phosphate, and uric acid levels were 5.8±2.65 mg/dL, 2.16±0.87 mg/dL, and 3.6±2.3 mg/dL, respectively. One-way ANOVA showed no significant difference in serum vitamin D3 levels among patients with different renal diseases (F=0.473, p=0.854). Pearson’s correlation analysis revealed no significant correlation between serum vitamin D3 levels and any other parameters. Conclusion: In present study, only 23% of patients had vitamin D levels within the normal reference range, 22% had insufficient vitamin D levels, and 55% had vitamin D deficiency. No significant difference in vitamin D levels was observed among patients with different renal diseases.

Medium- and Long-Term Effects of Dapagliflozin on Serum Uric Acid Level in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Real-World Study.

We aimed to explore the medium- and long-term (≥12 weeks) effects of dapagliflozin on serum uric acid (SUA) level in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in the real world study and to explore the influencing factors of dapagliflozin on reducing SUA level. This observational, prospective cohort study was based on the real world. There were 77 patients included in this study. They were divided into two groups. Patients in treatment group (n = 38) were treated as dapagliflozin 10 mg/d combined with therapy of routine glucose-lowering drugs (GLDs), and patients in the control group (n = 39) were treated with their routine GLDs. All measurements of physical examinations, blood, and urine samples, including age, sex, weight, height, systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), fasting blood glucose (FBG), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), and SUA, were collected at baseline for all patients in these two groups and repeated after 12, 24, and 48 weeks of therapy. We compared the changes of metabolic indicators including SUA in these two groups to evaluate the effects of dapagliflozin and analyzed its influencing factors. In the dapagliflozin group, mean SUA levels significantly decreased from 334.2 ± 99.1 μmol/L at baseline to 301.9 ± 73.2 μmol/L after 12 weeks therapy (t = 2.378, p = 0.023). There was no significant statistical difference of SUA levels after 24 weeks treatment of dapagliflozin compared with 12-week and 48-week treatment with dapagliflozin (p &gt; 0.05). We found that baseline SUA had a significant impact on the effect of dapagliflozin on reducing SUA (OR 1.014, 95%CI 1.003-1.025, p = 0.014) by logistic regression analysis. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve showed that T2DM patients with SUA level ≥ 314.5 μmol/L had relative accuracy in recognizing the good effects of dapagliflozin on reducing SUA (sensitivity 76.9%, specificity 76.2%). Combination therapy of dapagliflozin with routine blood-glucose-lowering drugs in T2DM patients showed the significant and sustained stable effect of lowering SUA level in this real-world study.

Association Among Polyphenol Intake, Uric Acid, and Hyperuricemia: A Cross-Sectional Analysis in a Population at High Cardiovascular Risk.

Background Dietary polyphenol intake has been associated with a decreased risk of hyperuricemia, but most of this knowledge comes from preclinical studies. The aim of the present study was to assess the association of the intake of different classes of polyphenols with serum uric acid and hyperuricemia. Methods and Results This cross-sectional analysis involved baseline data of 6332 participants. Food polyphenol content was estimated by a validated semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire and from the Phenol-Explorer database. Multivariable-adjusted linear regression models with serum uric acid (milligrams per deciliter) as the outcome and polyphenol intake (quintiles) as the main independent variable were fitted. Cox regression models with constant follow-up time (t=1) were performed to estimate the prevalence ratios (PRs) of hyperuricemia (≥7 mg/dL in men and ≥6 mg/dL in women). An inverse association between the intake of the phenolic acid class (β coefficient, -0.17 mg/dL for quintile 5 versus quintile 1 [95% CI, -0.27 to -0.06]) and hydroxycinnamic acids (β coefficient, -0.19 [95% CI, -0.3 to -0.09]), alkylmethoxyphenols (β coefficient, -0.2 [95% CI, -0.31 to -0.1]), and methoxyphenols (β coefficient,-0.24 [95% CI, -0.34 to -0.13]) subclasses with serum uric acid levels and hyperuricemia (PR, 0.82 [95% CI, 0.71-0.95]; PR, 0.82 [95% CI, 0.71-0.95]; PR, 0.80 [95% CI, 0.70-0.92]; and PR, 0.79 [95% CI, 0.69-0.91]; respectively) was found. The intake of hydroxybenzoic acids was directly and significantly associated with mean serum uric acid levels (β coefficient, 0.14 for quintile 5 versus quintile 1 [95% CI, 0.02-0.26]) but not with hyperuricemia. Conclusions In individuals with metabolic syndrome, a higher intake of some polyphenol subclasses (hydroxycinnamic acids, alkylmethoxyphenol, and methoxyphenol) was inversely associated with serum uric acid levels and hyperuricemia. Nevertheless, our findings warrant further research.

Maternal serum uric acid, creatinine and blood urea levels in the prediction of pre-eclampsia among pregnant women attending ANC and delivery services at Bahir Dar city public hospitals, northwest Ethiopia: A case-control study

BackgroundPre-eclampsia (PE) is a metabolic disorder that adversely affects the lives of mother and their infants. Even though, several studies have been conducted on PE, no effective diagnostic and therapeutic agents were developed so far. Hence, this study was designed to evaluate serum uric acid, blood urea and creatinine levels in the prediction of PE. MethodsA hospital-based case-control study was conducted among pregnant women. A simple random sampling technique was applied to select study participants. The socio-demographic and clinical data were collected using an interview-administered questionnaire. Serum samples were used to determine the maternal uric acid, urea and creatinine levels via an automated chemistry analyzer. Independent sample t-test, Pearson correlation test and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis were performed to check the association and diagnostic accuracy of variables to PE. ResultsThe mean ages (in years) of the case and control groups were 27.98 ± 5.64 and 27.33 ± 4.45, respectively. The mean serum uric acid and blood urea levels were significantly higher in pre-eclamptic women than in normotensive pregnant women (6.27 ± 0.20 vs 4.43 ± 0.15, and 8.50 ± 3.99 vs 5.67 ± 2.19), respectively but the serum creatinine level is non-significantly increased in cases as compared to controls (0.70 ± 0.05 vs 0.50 ± 0.01). The areas under the ROC curve of serum uric acid, creatinine and blood urea levels were 0.785, 0.735 and 0.764 (sensitivity: 69%, 60.7%, 67.9%; specificity: 73.8%, 75%, 71.4%) with the cutoff points of ≥5.25 mg/dL, ≥0.565 mg/dL and ≥6.5 mg/dL, respectively. ConclusionIn this study, we observed a significantly higher concentration of serum uric acid and blood urea values in pre-eclampsia as compared with normotensive pregnant women. Therefore, this suggested that serum uric acid; blood urea and creatinine values can be associated with PE. Moreover, serum uric acid, blood urea and creatinine levels could be carefully utilized as a diagnostic marker for PE, but their inclusion in routine diagnostic test to PE requires large-scale multi-center prospective studies that corroborate our findings.

Association of uric acid as a risk factor in ischemic stroke – A hospital-based observational study

Background: The second most prevalent cause of mortality globally, next to coronary artery disease, is stroke. In humans, uric acid is the final catabolite in the metabolism of purine. Aims and Objectives: The aims of this study were to determine the importance of blood uric acid levels in stroke patients in South Indian population. Materials and Methods: In this observational study, we evaluated acute stroke patients who were admitted to Melmaruvathur Adhiparasakthi Institute of Medical Sciences and Research (MAPIMS) Hospital from December 2021 to May 2022. One hundred patients meeting the inclusion standards were enrolled and divided into two groups randomly following acquisition of ethical approval and informed consent. Results: In our study consisting of both study and control groups, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (P=0.034), non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) (P=0.0127), total cholesterol (P=0.0196), HDL-C (P=0.042), and triglyceride (P=0.0266) were found to be statistically significant. Mean serum uric acid (SUA) level between cases (6.94±1.97 mg/dL) and controls (5.49±1.27 mg/dL) were also statistically significant (P=0.0306 and P=0.049). Conclusion: Our study showed that stroke patients had a significant occurrence of hyperuricemia. In keeping cardiovascular risk factors such as diabetes, hypertension, triglyceride level, total cholesterol level, coronary heart disease, and tobacco use under control, SUA was observed to be substantially linked with the initial phase of ischemic stroke.

Study of serum uric acid levels in essential hypertension

Background: Hypertension is a major public health problem in developed and developing countries. Objective: to determine the prevalence and association of hyperuricemia with diagnosed cases of essential hypertension. Material and Methods: A hospital based cross sectional study was conducted at Department of General Medicine in a Medical College. Results: Out of the total 235 cases with hypertension, 83.8% were in stage I hypertension while 16.2% were in stage II hypertension. Prevalence of hyperuricemia was seen as 27.7% among cases with hypertension. Prevalence of hyperuricemia was 23.4% in cases with stage I hypertension while it was 50% in cases with stage II hypertension (p&lt;0.01). Mean Systolic (153.2 vs 149.8 mmHg) and diastolic (99.8 vs 96.9 mm Hg) blood pressure was significantly more in cases with hyperuricemia (p&lt;0.01). A significant correlation was observed between serum uric acid levels and systolic and diastolic blood pressure i.e. serum uric acid levels increases with increase in blood pressure (p&lt;0.01). Conclusion: Prevalence of hyperuricemia was significantly higher in diagnosed subjects with essential hypertension, affecting every one out of four individual. Mean serum uric acid levels were significantly associated with increase in systolic and diastolic blood pressure.

Association between asymptomatic hyperuricemia and knee osteoarthritis in older outpatients.

To investigate the association between asymptomatic hyperuricemia and knee osteoarthritis in older outpatients in Vietnam. This cross-sectional study included 257 older outpatients (195 in the knee osteoarthritis group and 62 in the non-knee osteoarthritis group) aged ≥60 years (mean age 73.31 ± 7.96 years) attending rheumatologic and geriatric clinics from November 2020 to May 2021. Data were collected for both groups, including demographics, symptoms and signs of knee osteoarthritis, serum uric acid levels, and knee radiographs. The association between asymptomatic hyperuricemia and knee osteoarthritis was assessed using logistic regression. The mean serum uric acid level among patients with knee osteoarthritis was higher than that among patients without knee osteoarthritis (6.3 ± 1.74 mg/dl vs. 5.71 ± 1.45 mg/dl, p = 0.017). Hyperuricemia was more common among older outpatients with knee osteoarthritis than among those without knee osteoarthritis (39% vs. 19%, p = 0.005). After adjusting for age, sex, body mass index (BMI), and other comorbidities, the association between asymptomatic hyperuricemia and knee osteoarthritis remained significant (odds ratio [OR] 2.61, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.22-5.60, p = 0.013). Subgroup analyses were performed according to sex and BMI groups. Significant associations between asymptomatic hyperuricemia and knee osteoarthritis were observed among women (p = 0.017) and among individuals who were underweight-normal-weight according to BMI (p = 0.009). Asymptomatic hyperuricemia is a common comorbidity among older outpatients with knee osteoarthritis. An independent association was identified between asymptomatic hyperuricemia and knee osteoarthritis among older Vietnamese outpatients, although sex and BMI may be confounding factors that impact this association.

Maternal Serum Uric Acid as a Marker of Predicting Low Birth Weight at Term Pregnancy: A Study Based in CMH Lahore

Objective: To determine the association of hyperuricemia with adverse pregnancy outcomes in terms of low birth weight at term pregnancy registered at CMH Lahore.&#x0D; Study Design: Prospective cohort study.&#x0D; Place and Duration of Study: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of CMH, Lahore Pakistan, from Aug 2018 to Feb 2019.&#x0D; Methodology: A total of 60 pregnant women with a singleton pregnancy were included in the study. Patients with serum uric acid levels greater or equal to 360 umol/L were included in Group-A or the at-risk Group, and Patients with serum uric acid levels less than 360 umol/L were included in Group-B or the control Group. All women were followed till the delivery. Data regarding adverse pregnancy outcomes (low birth weight) was noted.&#x0D; Results: Mean Serum uric acid levels of 380.33±12.92 umol/L in the Exposed Group and mean Serum uric acid levels of 265.66±29.44 umol/L in the Control Group were noted. Low birth weight was seen 12 (40%) in Exposed Group as compared to 7(23.3%) in Unexposed Group (p=0.165) (RR=1.71).&#x0D; Conclusion: Low birth weight at term was not associated with hyperuricemic pregnancy more than normouricemic pregnancy in our study, probably due to the small sample size.

Evaluation of serum uric acid and liver function tests among pregnant women with and without preeclampsia at the University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia.

Pre-eclampsia can be described as new-onset hypertension (blood pressure ≥140/90 mmHg) together with proteinuria (24-hr urinary protein ≥ 0.3 g) or any indication of end-organ damage after 20 weeks of gestation. Liver and kidney dysfunction, thrombocytopenia, pulmonary edema, and neurologic dysfunction are common manifestations of end-organ damage due to pre-eclampsia. Pre-eclampsia is the most common cause of liver and kidney dysfunction due to hypoxia and endothelial dysfunction. Hyperuricemia indicates kidney dysfunction and is considered a predictor of the severity of preeclampsia. Therefore, the objective of this study is to evaluate the utility of the levels of serum uric acid and liver function tests [alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST)] as biomarkers of preeclampsia-related organ damage. An institutional-based comparative cross-sectional study design was conducted, and a total of 102 subjects (51 patients with preeclampsia and 51 normotensive pregnant women) were recruited. The parameters measured were levels of serum uric acid and liver function tests. There were statistically significant differences in the mean serum uric acid, ALT, and AST levels between preeclamptic pregnant women and normotensive pregnant women (p<0.05). There were no statistically significant differences in the mean total and direct bilirubin levels. There was also a significant difference in mean serum uric acid, alanine transaminase, and aspartate transaminase levels across different gestational age categories. Our study revealed that serum uric acid, ALT, and AST levels were higher in pre-eclamptic pregnant women compared to those of normotensive pregnant women, and the differences were statistically significant. As such, serum uric acid and liver function tests may be considered biomarkers of pre-eclampsia-related end-organ damage.