Mean Total Knowledge Score Research Articles

Effectiveness of Teaching Sessions on Anxiety Level among Mothers Caring Children with Congenital Heart Disease

Congenital heart disease is a stressful and anxiety overwhelming experience for parents and their children, therefore nurses are pivotal in providing a comprehensive and evidence based strategies to reduce anxiety among parents and enhance their children' wellbeing. Aim: To evaluate the effectiveness of teaching sessions on anxiety level among mothers of children with congenital heart disease. Study design: A quasi-experimental design was used. Setting: The study was conducted in paediatric cardiology department at Mansoura University Children Hospital affiliated to Mansoura University. Sample: A purposive sample of forty mothers having children from 3 months to 6 years with congenital heart disease were participated in this study. Tools of data collection: Three tools were used; first: by Interview Questionnaire to gather data about characteristic of the study subjects, mothers' knowledge regarding congenital heart disease. Second: Mothers' reported practice sheet was designed by the researchers to assess mothers' reported practice regarding congenital heart disease. Third: Taylor’s Manifest Anxiety Scale was used to assess the anxiety level of the studied mothers. Results: There was a highly statistical significant difference between the studied mothers' total mean score of knowledge and reported practice with positive correlation regarding congenital heart disease at pre and post teaching sessions. Also, there was highly significant negative correlation among mothers' knowledge, practice and anxiety level. Conclusion: the implementation of teaching sessions for the mothers of children with congenital heart disease had reduced their anxiety level. Furthermore, teaching sessions had improved mothers' total mean score of knowledge and reported practices about caring of children with congenital heart disease. Recommendations: The study recommended establishing programs, as mothers' support groups, to assist them overcome the adverse psychological effects of congenital heart disease among their children.

Motivation and attitude of language learning among students (Case study: Mashhad University of Medical Sciences and Ferdowsi University)

Introduction: Today, learning English is an undeniable necessity because English is the language of science and training of different disciplines at higher levels and science production is done in English. A variable motivation is to be remembered in the learning category as a fundamental pillar. Materials and Methods:In this cross-sectional study, 607 students of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences and Ferdowsi from faculties of Health, Nursing and midwifery, paramedical, medicine, dentistry, pharmacy, agriculture, geological, veterinary and biology who were studying in the third semester, were studied during the academic year 98-1397. In this study, the faculties of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences and Ferdowsi University were selected. Stratified sampling method was set up. In this study, the motivation and attitude of English language Learning (Gardner) questionnaire was used. Results: The mean score of total attitude and knowledge in Ferdowsi University was 109.29 ± 16.04 and in the University of Medical Sciences was 108.91 ± 17.39. 2.1% of the students had poor motivation and attitude, 24.7% mean, 64.7% good and 8.4% had a good motivation and attitude to learn. By assessing the score of attitude and motivation, the students had a positive attitude towards the language, but the motivation of language was not favorable among students. There was a significant relationship between students ' motivation and their educational level (P 0.05). Conclusion: The students of two universities--without significant differences had a good attitude toward language learning. However, the motivation score was not as desirable. Not using the books and resources of the original language, inappropriate employment, or lack of employment, economic difficulties and so on can be from motivational impediments.

A Descriptive Study to Assess the Knowledge about Drug Compliance on DOTS Therapy among T.B. Patients Attending DOTS Centre in Selected Hospital, Gurugram

Introduction: Good health is rightly regarded as a treasure. Our physical, economic and social well-being is directly related to it. In an age when someone believe that he/she has the tools to conquer most of the diseases, the myth of ancient scourge related to Tuberculosis (TB) still causes approx 2 million deaths every year, more than any other single infectious organism, reminding us that we still have a long way to go. Even we have dots therapy to treat TB effectively; we are powerless to eradicate this lethal infection. TB is not only a problem for the person suffering from it or their own families but a public health problem of the entire world. It is a barrier to social – economic development and the greatest burden of tuberculosis incidence and mortality in India is in adults aged 15 – 60 years which include the most productive members of society. The Government of India has launched program, to control TB in India in 1993 named as Revised National Tuberculosis Control Program (RNTCP) and adopted the internationally recommended Directly Observed Treatment Short course therapy (DOTS), mainly focused on providing free sputum smear microscopic test for identification as well as high quality drugs to treat AFB free of cost. Tuberculosis is the second most leading cause of deaths worldwide after HIV/STD infections. Roughly 13.2 million (new and old cases), new cases 9.2 million every year is affected globally. About 1/3rd of the world’s population is infected with mycobacterium tuberculi. Approximately one in every 10 of these people will develop symptoms of TB, which is mainly consist of chronic cough, severe weight loss, diaphoresis and progressive irreversible pulmonary damage. TB has not got the requisite attention because it is a disease of the poor and the downtrodden, which do not have adequate influence with policy makers. Current detection and cure rates: - The detection rate in the state of Delhi is 296 per 100,000 populations. (Ref - Annual report, RNTCP program, Govt. of India-2008).Operation ASHA’s detection rate is 360 per 100,000. Covering 50% of all the TB patients in South Delhi, and the government and remaining NGOs are treating the rest. Objectives 1) To assess the knowledge about drug compliance on DOTS therapy among TB patients attending DOTS centre in selected hospital, Gurgaon. 2) To find out the association between the knowledge with socio-demographical variables. Material and Methods: Descriptive research design was used to assess the knowledge about drug compliance on DOTS therapy among TB patients attending DOTS centre in selected hospital, Gurgram. Convenient sampling technique was used to select 60 TB patients of District Hospital, Gurgaon, Budhera. Informed written consent was taken from each student. Result: The finding of the study revealed that Reveals that mean knowledge score is 15.22 approx., median is 15 and SD is 3.1 approx. Conclusion: On the basis of total mean knowledge score it inferred that knowledge score about drug compliance on DOTS therapy among TB patients attending DOTS centre was good

Knowledge, attitudes and practices towards COVID-19 among young adults with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus amid the nationwide lockdown in India: A cross-sectional survey

AimsTo assess knowledge, attitude, and practices (KAP) of young adults with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) towards COVID-19 amid nationwide lockdown in India. MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional web-based survey among young adults with T1DM (aged 18–30 years) in the North, Central, South, and West zones of India. It consisted of fifteen, five and eight questions pertaining to knowledge, attitude, and practices towards COVID-19, respectively. Certain questions relevant to T1DM were also incorporated. ResultsAfter exclusion, 212 participants were included (mean age = 25.1 ± 4.3 years; M:F = 10:11). The overall correct rate of the knowledge questionnaire was 83% (mean total knowledge score = 12.4 ± 1.9). Most (74%) had an average knowledge score (mean ± 1SD). Higher educational status, urban residence, and being married were associated with better knowledge scores; however, only urban residence was found to be statistically significant on multinomial logistic regression. Most (88%) felt that being a patient of T1DM, they were at higher risk of getting infected with COVID-19. At the same time, 98% were confident about self-protection. Fifty-one percent of respondents had left home amid lockdown mostly to procure insulin/injection needles/syringes/glucometer strips from the pharmacy. However, all were maintaining proper hand hygiene and majority were following routine dietary advice (95%) and administering prescribed insulin doses (99%). Seventy-two participants (34%) had experienced one or more episodes of hypoglycemia since the commencement of lockdown. ConclusionsYoung adults with T1DM have average knowledge, positive attitude, and healthy preventive practices towards COVID-19. Awareness campaigns targeted towards rural communities and providing doorstep delivery of insulin/needles/syringes may be more rewarding.

Knowledge and attitude of primary care physicians towards obstructive sleep apnea in the Middle East and North Africa region.

Sleep disorders are highly prevalent in primary care. Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is one of the most common sleep disorders in the world, and it is estimated that only 10 to 20% of OSA cases are diagnosed. Primary care physicians (PCP) play an important role in screening for OSA. Knowledge of sleep disorders among PCP varies widely and has been generally reported as low. In this study, we aimed to assess the knowledge and attitudes towards OSA among primary care physicians in the Middle East and North Africa regions. A cross-sectional study using the Obstructive Sleep Apnea Knowledge and Attitudes (OSAKA) self-administered questionnaire was distributed to PCP attending the Lebanese Society of Family Medicine annual conference, the Lebanese Society of Internal Medicine annual conference, and World Organization of Family Doctors (WONCA) East Mediterranean region conference. Of 300 physicians approached, 256 (85%) completed the questionnaires. The range of possible scores was 0 to 18. The mean total knowledge score with standard deviation (SD) was 12.6 (2.5). Internal medicine specialists showed a higher mean knowledge score of 14.1 (2.3) compared to general/family medicine specialists 12.4 (2.4) and other specialties 11.9 (2.8), p = 0.001. Though 78% of all physicians felt confident in identifying patients with OSA, only 26% felt confident in managing patients with continuous positive airway pressure. Overall, there was a weak positive correlation between knowledge and attitude. There were gaps in knowledge and attitudes regarding managing patients with OSA. Training in managing patients with OSA is needed.

University Students' Antibiotic Use and Knowledge of Antimicrobial Resistance: What Are the Common Myths?

We aimed to assess antibiotic usage and knowledge regarding antibiotics and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) among undergraduate students of the Universiti Brunei Darussalam (UBD), public university located in Brunei Darussalam. A cross-sectional study was performed using a self-administered questionnaire. The questionnaire was adapted from the World Health Organization’s (WHO) “Antibiotic resistance: Multi-country public awareness” survey distributed online. Students at the UBD were invited to participate in the online survey through internal email. The questionnaire consisted of five sections: demographic information, antibiotic usage, knowledge on antibiotics, antibiotic resistance (AMR), and use of antibiotics in agriculture. The data were analyzed descriptively and appropriate inferential statistics were used accordingly. A total of 130 students returned a completed questionnaire. The result of the study found that 51% (n = 66) of the students had good level of knowledge of antibiotic and antimicrobial resistance with a mean total knowledge score of nine out of 14. Of note, 76% (n = 99) of the respondents mistakenly believed that antibiotic resistance is the result of the body becoming resistant to antibiotics. Only 14% (n = 18) of the respondents were found to have poor knowledge on antibiotics and antimicrobial resistance in the study. Misconceptions in regards to the use of antibiotics for conditions related to viral illnesses like cold and flu (41%, n = 53) were noticed among the respondents in our study. Thus, improving knowledge on antibiotics is crucial to address these beliefs.

Finnish and Swedish prehospital emergency care providers’ knowledge and attitudes towards pressure ulcer prevention

BackgroundDespite the knowledge that transportation by emergency medical services may increase the risk of pressure ulcers (PU), there is still lack of knowledge about the possibility of prehospital emergency care providers to be a part of preventing and reducing the risk of PUs. MethodsA survey was carried out during 2017 in Finland and Sweden. Validated questionnaires were used. ResultsA total of 179 (72.7%) Finnish and 188 (28.8%) Swedish prehospital emergency care providers participated in the study. The overall rate of correct answers and the mean total knowledge score was 58.8% (SD 21.8), 20/34, in the Finnish group and 70.5% (SD 15.7), 24/34, in the Swedish group (p < 0.000). The percent of the total and the mean attitude score was in the Finnish group 71.3% (SD 0.48), 37.1/52, and in the Swedish group 69.4% (SD 0.77), 36.1/52 (p < 0.813). Half of the Finnish and most of the Swedish participants felt they needed more education about PUs (Fin 50.2% & Swe: 76.0%). ConclusionsPrehospital emergency care providers don’t see themselves as responsible for PU prevention. Therefore, there is a need for increasing the level of knowledge on PU prevention and classification among prehospital emergency care providers. They could play a key role in developing methods to improve PU prevention and identifying patients in risk of developing PUs.

Effect of a Design Discharge Planning Program for Stroke Patients on Their Quality of Life and Activity of Daily Living

Background: Stroke is a debilitating neurological disorder, which causes multiple physical and psychosocial challenges to people surviving a stroke. Effective discharge planning program is an active process beginning in hospitalization care and has a goal of returning to the community and aims at assisting the patients to recapture their functional independence and to return to an active and productive lifestyle. Aim: was to evaluate effect of a design discharge planning program for stroke patients on their quality of life and activity of daily living. Research design: Quasi experimental design was utilized to fulfill the aim of this study. Setting: The study was conducted at the stroke department and stroke outpatient clinics affiliated to Benha University Hospital. Sample: A convenience sample of 50 patients admitted at the above mentioned setting and diagnosed with stroke. Tools: Three tools were used: I-Patients Interviewing questionnaire sheet; II-Stroke Specific Quality of Life Scale and III- Barthel Index for Activities of Daily Living. Results: the present study revealed that (a) the mean total and subtotal knowledge scores of stroke patients were increased immediately after implementing a design discharge planning program with statistical significant difference compared to pre implementation. (b) The mean total and subtotal quality of life scores were higher after implementing discharge planning program with a high statistical significant difference compared to pre implementation. (c) The mean total and subtotal activity of daily living scores were higher after implementing discharge planning program with a high statistical significant difference compared to pre implementation. (d) There were a positive correlation between patients' knowledge, quality of life and activity of daily living with a statistical significant difference. So, all research hypotheses of the study were supported. Conclusion: Applying a design discharge planning program had statistically significant improvement on knowledge, quality of life and activity of daily living for studied patients. Recommendations: replication of this study on a larger probability sample and evaluating its impact on health outcomes among stroke patients.

Knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding obstructive sleep apnea among primary care physicians.

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) has been linked with inflammation, hypertension, and higher cardiovascular risk which cause substantial morbidity and mortality worldwide. However, OSA is underdiagnosed and its prevalence is increasing. Primary care doctors are the first contact for most patients and primary care providers play an important role in promoting, screening, and educating patients regarding OSA. This study aims to determine the knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding OSA among primary care doctors in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among physicians who were currently working in primary care clinics in the capital state of Kuala Lumpur. The validated "Obstructive Sleep Apnea Knowledge and Attitudes Questionnaire" (OSAKA) and nine additional practice questions were used as the survey instrument. Of 207 physicians queried, the response rate was 100%. The mean (± SD) total knowledge score was 11.6 (± 2.8) (range 1-18). The majority of respondents had a positive attitude towards the importance of OSA but lacked confidence in managing OSA. Primary care doctors' most common practice for patients with suspected OSA was referral to the ear, nose, and throat (ENT) clinic. The study shows that primary care doctors demonstrated adequate knowledge about OSA and were aware of the importance of OSA as a core clinical problem. However, only a minority felt confident in managing patients with OSA. The results of the study may encourage improvement of primary care doctors' efforts to prevent and manage OSA.

Effect of an e-learning tool on knowledge of recent Revised National Tuberculosis Control Programme guidelines among Medical Interns.

BACKGROUND:Medical students should have adequate knowledge on tuberculosis (TB) and national guidelines pertaining to its control, which is a major public health problem in developing countries. The present study aims to evaluate the knowledge on TB and Revised National TB Control Programme (RNTCP) among medical interns and the change in the level of knowledge following the dissemination of self-directed learning (SDL) modules using an e-learning tool (WhatsApp).MATERIALS AND METHODS:A prospective, nonrandomized, pre- and posttest study was done among 124 medical interns in a private medical college during July–August 2019. A semi-structured, self-administered questionnaire was prepared and filled by the interns in the pretest. Following the educational intervention, the same questionnaire was administered and posttest data were collected. The pre- and posttest results were expressed in frequency and percentage. Wilcoxon signed rank test was used to compare the change in the total mean score of knowledge using the e-learning tool following the dissemination of SDL modules.RESULTS:The mean age of the interns was 22.82 ± 0.82 years. Of the total 124 interns, 60 (48.3%) had heard about the recent changes in RNTCP. The Internet (25.8%) and textbooks (23.4%) were the most common source of recent information regarding TB and RNTCP. The mean pretest score was 12.9 ± 3.08, which increased to 15.3 ± 2.62 during the posttest (z = −9.75, P < 0.05) following the intervention.CONCLUSIONS:The knowledge regarding TB and RNTCP among the interns was inadequate. The usage of an e-learning tool “WhatsApp” was found to be effective in improving the knowledge in posttest as compared to pretest.

Cancer Knowledge, Attitude and Protective Behaviour in High-School Students: A Cross-sectional Analytical Study in East Azerbaijan, Iran

Introduction: Providing and enhancing knowledge, attitude, delivering and conduction of evidence based information and beliefs about all aspects of cancer in adolescent life period are so important. Aim: The study aimed to evaluate and investigate the main information regarding knowledge, attitude and protective behaviour on high-school student of Tabriz City, East Azerbaijan, North West of Iran. Materials and Methods: This study was performed as a cross-sectional analytical research study, during the 2017 Sep-2018 June academic year, in randomly selected high-schools. Questionnaire was designed and implemented which included socio-demographic information and 65 questions with three answers from disagree, agree, completely agree, and each answer was given from 1 to 3 marks. Question were about the knowledge (n=20; 0-20 poor, 21-40 moderate, 41-60 good), attitude (n=20; 0-20 poor, 21-40 moderate, 41-60 good) and protective behaviour (n=25; Protective Behaviour: 0-25 poor, 26-50 moderate, 51-75 good) regarding cancer.The response options designed as Likert scales and each variable scored from worst to best status and the total scores as 0-40 (very poor), 41-80 (poor), 81-120 (moderate), 121-160 (good) and 161-195 (very good). Results: Overall 471 students participated in this survey, between 14-19 years with mean age of 16.79 years. The total mean score of knowledge, attitude and protective behaviour was 136.05 (±SD 3.24) which was considered as good. Total scores was significantly higher in better Socio-Demographic Status (SDS), students with moderate SDS had 3.85 times and students with good SDS had about 2 times higher total scores. Total scores were twice among16-17 year-old group than younger students (OR=1.97; 95% CI: 1.03-3.76, p=0.04). Conclusion: The results indicated better levels of knowledge, attitude and protective behaviour regarding cancer in high-school students. SDS had significantly impact on the total knowledge levels.

Knowledge and practice of COVID-19 prevention among community health workers in rural Cross River State, Nigeria: implications for disease control in Africa.

Introductionin developing countries, community health workers (CHWs) are essential, for provision of behaviour change communication towards prevention of coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) infection at rural grassroots level. We aimed at assessing their level of knowledge and practice of preventive measures in a developing country setting.Methodstotal enumeration of all CHWs in a rural local government area in southern Nigeria was carried out, using cross-sectional descriptive study design. Pretested self-administered 15-item questionnaire was used to assess knowledge of COVID-19 including basic epidemiology, virology, preventive measures and use of personal protective equipment (PPE). Practice of preventive measures was also assessed. Each correct response to knowledge question contributed one unit to the total score which was converted to percentage. Total knowledge score of 50% or greater was considered satisfactory.Resultscomplete data was obtained from eighty-six (86) respondents with mean age of 36.3±8.9 years (18-54 years). Mean total knowledge score was 28.14±12.8% (6.7 to 53.3%), and 9.3% (n=8) had score of at least 50%. Correct responses to appropriate sequence of putting on and removing personal protective equipment (PPE) were 5.8% (n=5) and 8.1% (n=7), respectively. Regular practice of use of face masks, goggles, gloves, and hand hygiene was found to be 50% (n=43), 12.8% (n=11), 30.2% (n=26), and 56.4% (n=48), respectively.Conclusioncommunity health workers are grossly underprepared for provision of health education on COVID-19, due to their poor level of knowledge. Their capacity building through workshops and effective continuing education program are urgently needed.

Efficacy of Clinical Toxicology Curriculum on the 4th Year Egyptian Students - Faculty of Medicine- Tanta University in Improvement their Concept about Human Safety from Toxicity

Introduction: Safety is considered the main mission in life. Decreasing death rate in homes, at work and among communities must be done through education and researches promotion. About 90% of poisoning happened due to lack of awareness. The aim of this study: is to illustrate the efficacy of Clinical Toxicology Curriculum on the 4th year Egyptian students-academic year 2018-2019 Faculty of Medicine- Tanta University in improvement their concept about human safety from toxicity. Methodology: Self designed questionnaire -based survey was conducted on the 4th year Egyptian students - Faculty of Medicine- Tanta University, administered in two parts; part I: pre course test was done in the second day of Clinical Toxicology curriculum and part II: post course test was done at the end of Clinical Toxicology curriculum which lasting for two months. Results: Number of 4th year Egyptian students participated in the study were 755. More than half of them were males, urban, and interesting in Clinical Toxicology study. The mean total knowledge score of participants was statistically significantly higher in post course test. Additionally, despite both genders showed significant increase in the mean total knowledge score, but the magnitude of knowledge gain was observed to be higher in females than males. Conclusion: it could be concluded that, many subjects in Clinical Toxicology Curriculum introduced satisfactory knowledge about safety like; how to maintain safety from household cleaning agents, but others need modifications like; safety from medications poisoning.

Insights of primary health care providers regarding opportunistic screening of oral cancer/precancers in Patna, Bihar.

Background:Clinical opportunistic screening can be valuable for diagnosis of oral cancer/precancer prior to development of symptoms. Thus, the aim of the present study is to assess the knowledge, perceptions, and present practices of primary health care providers regarding oral cancer screening.Material and Methods:This cross-sectional questionnaire study was carried out on doctors working in primary health centres of Patna district, Bihar. A total of 10 questions in true/false or multiple choice format assessed the knowledge on oral cancer screening. Attitude and practices were evaluated by seven questions each on a 5-point Likert scale. Unpaired t-test and one-way ANOVA followed by post hoc test was applied to determine the significance difference between the mean scores of knowledge and demographic variables. The significance level was set at below 0.05.Results:The total mean knowledge scores were 6.5 ± 2.17. Response analysis showed that regarding opinion on only 28% health care providers agreed or strongly agreed that they have adequate knowledge regarding detection of oral cancer. It was found that 44.7% never/rarely examined the oral cavity of the patient. Only 14% and 16% doctors aid with the cessation of habits and advised dietary changes in patients with precancerous lesions/conditions, respectively.Conclusion:Capacity building of primary care physicians is very crucial for a successful screening program. The present study reveals that the training activities of healthcare providers in oral screening need to be reinforced.

ASSESSMENT OF BASIC LIFE SUPPORT KNOWLEDGE AMONG NURSING PROFESSIONALS

Introduction: Basic life support (BLS) is an emergency method which includes identifying an arrest situation and starting immediate appropriate cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) procedures to keep life till sufferers either recover or transported to a medical facility where advanced life support is existing. It is extremely vital that all nurses know regarding basic life support to save patients` lives. Aim of work: To assess the knowledge concerning Basic Life Support (BLS) among nursing professionals at Tanta University Hospitals. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted for a period of 6 months upon 510 randomly chosen nurses working in various Intensive Care Units (ICUs), Emergency Department and wards of Tanta University Hospitals using stratified sampling, a self-administered validated questionnaire was used to collect data. Results: The mean of total knowledge scores was 10.92 ± 3.73, about one third (33.92%) of nurses had adequate knowledge level. A significant association was found between participants` knowledge level and their academic qualification, place of current work, previous training on BLS and duration since the last training. About 42 % of studied nurses had previous BLS training. Trained nurses had significantly higher mean total knowledge score than untrained ones (12.99±3.27 vs. 9.37±3.27, p < 0.001). Conclusion and recommendations: The knowledge level of BLS was found to be inadequate among the majority of nursing staff working at Tanta University Hospitals. Regular in-service training and recertification of BLS competency are greatly recommended as well as rotating work schedule between ICUs, Emergency departments and other non emergency hospital wards.

ASSESSMENT OF KNOWLEDGE AND ATTITUDE TOWARDS HIV PATIENTS AMONG DENTAL STUDENTS IN UNIVERSITI SAINS ISLAM MALAYSIA (USIM)

ABSTRACT&#x0D; Introduction: Dental officers could be the first medical personal to diagnose HIV/AIDS and cross–contamination may happen. More efforts should be taken to improve knowledge and the behaviour of dental students towards HIV/AIDS patients. The objective of this study is to assess and compare knowledge and the attitude of USIM dental students towards HIV patients. Methods: A total of 136 dental students from Year 2 to Year 5 of academic year 2017/2018 participated in this study. Students were consented and briefed about the purpose of the current project prior to answering self-administered questionnaires that have been previously validated. Results: The mean total knowledge and attitude score were 69.65% (good) and 68.54(%) (passive), respectively. Both clinical and pre-clinical students have passive attitude towards HIV patients and showed good level of knowledge with 70.81% and 66.39% respectively. There were significant association between sex and knowledge of HIV/AIDS among USIM dental students (p=0.001). There is also a statistically positive weak correlation between knowledge and attitude towards HIV/AIDS patients. Conclusion: USIM dental undergraduates have good knowledge and passive attitude towards HIV/AIDS patients. Improvement of dental curriculum regarding HIV/AIDS knowledge and attitude towards HIV/AIDS patients is recommended through conducting activities such as seminar, workshop and small-group discussion among dental students.

Dietary lifestyle modifications for vitiligo patients

Background and objective: Changing the patient lifestyle as regarding diet well helped in vitiligo patient cure. Aim: to examine the effect of applying dietary instructions on dietary lifestyle modifications of vitiligo patients.Methods: Research design: Quasi experimental research design with one group (Pre/Post-test) was utilized in this study. Setting: the study was conducted in the ultraviolet unit at the Dermatology Department of Asyut University Hospitals. Study tool: Structured patient interview questionnaire sheet. It included two parts: Part 1: Assessment of patient’s sociodemographic variables. Part 2: Dietary pattern assessment: derived from Patient Life Style Pattern Assessment Sheet (PLSPAS) for Vitiligo.Results: The mean age of the studied sample was (mean ± SD 34.62 ± 12.35), 51.6% were female, 70% were living in rural areas, a highly statistically significant difference in the total mean knowledge scores between pre and post application of the dietary instructions (p value = .002).Conclusions: The present study concluded that there was a great improvement in the dietary lifestyle pattern of the studied sample after application of dietary instructions. Recommendations: Replication of the study on a larger probability sample from different geographical locations for generalization of the results. Printing copies of the dietary instructions for dissemination among all vitiligo patients attending the dermatology ward for treatment or follow-ups.

Assessment of Nurses’ Knowledge and Practice for Patients Undergoing Radical Cystectomy Surgeries

Background: The patient who undergoing radical cystectomy has needs many nursing care because of alterations in the functional health patterns of elimination, health, management, cognitive, self-perception and role relationships. Aim of the study: This study aimed to assess nurse’s knowledge and practice regarding patients undergoing Radical cystectomy surgeries. Research design: Descriptive research design was utilized in this study. Setting: The study was conducted at the Surgical Oncology Department at South Egypt Cancer Institute. Sample: A convenience sample including (60) nurses working at surgical oncology department who are willing to participate in the study. Tools: Structured interview questionnaire sheet, and observation checklist sheet. Results: the majority of nurses had unsatisfactory knowledge as regarding radical cystectomy surgeries. The score knowledge about specific care after procedure was higher (Mean±SD= 2.42±3.2) in compared to other items including; Radical cystectomy surgeries, nursing care before cystectomy, and general care after cystectomy. The majority of nurses were inadequate of their practice regarding postoperative instruction before discharge with (mean±SD= 33.78±3.77). Conclusion: a significant statistical difference between nurses knowledge in relation to total mean knowledge score, a significance statistical difference between nurses practice in relation to total mean practice score. Recommendations: nurses need for in- service training programs and refreshing courses to improve knowledge which will reflect into their knowledge and practice while work with patients.

Effect of Instructional Program on Knowledge Regarding Vulvovaginal Candidiasis Among Female University Students

Adolescents learn about Vulvo vaginal candidiasis (VVC) because its common clinical problem in female during this age throughout the world particularly in hot, subtropical climates. Annually in the United States there are approximately 13 million cases of vulvo vaginal candidiasis (VVC), resulting in 10 million gynecologic office visits per year. It is estimated that 75% of women will experience at least one episode in their lifetime, with a projected 50% of all female experiencing multiple episodes (Kamath, etal , 2014). Education in health is one of the key components of primary health care and one of the most vital health care requirements for female that must be considered much more in the primary health care system, particularly maternal and child health. Moreover Knowledge of how to prevent vaginal Candidiasis could save many female from frequent office visit, uncomfortable vaginal infections and prevent complications of it (Gilson, 2012). To assess the knowledge of female university students about (VVC) and examine the effect of instructional program on their knowledge regarding Vulvovaginal Candidiasis among female university students. A quasi-experimental design "time-series" will be utilized to achieve the aim of current study. The current study was conducted at Cairo University hostel were the female students were residing and selected from non medical faculties. A simple random sample of 100 female university students was recruited for this study. Two tools were used to collect the study data; structured interview tool, and "VVC" structured knowledge assessment interviewing tool. The current study findings revealed that, mean age of the participents was 20.18± 1.19 years. More than two thirds of them fell in the age range 20-24 years. Regarding menstrual characteristics among the participants, age range at menarche was 11-14 years with a mean of ± SD was (12.30±1.88) years, duration of menstruation ranged between 2-6 days with a mean of (4.23±1.25). The total mean knowledge score of (VVC) was 18.87 ± 7.83 out of /85 in the pretest; which indicated poor knowledge level and 81.20 ± 5.01 in posttest after two weeks from instruction program; which indicated good knowledge level that remain good knowledge in the post test ( 2) with a mean of 74.35± 6.68 after eight weeks from instruction program, and 62.85 ± 6.89 in the post test (3) after 12 weeks from weeks from instruction program; which indicated satisfactory knowledge level with high statistical significant differences (P = 0.001). The instructional program had positive effect on knowledge and awareness regarding (VVC) among female university students and this results hence the research hypotheses .&#x0D; Keywords- instructional program, vulvovaginal candidiasis, female university students&#x0D;

Vaso-occlusive crises in patients with sickle cell disease: Parents' perspectives and association with disease outcomes

ObjectivesKSA has been reported to have a high prevalence of sickle cell disease (SCD). The most common complication of SCD in children is pain due to vaso-occlusion crises (VOCs) that ensue when sickle-shaped red blood cells are entrapped in small vessels, leading to infarcts. This study aimed to determine the level of awareness about VOCs among parents of patients with SCD and its correlation with the disease outcomes.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted including 123 parents of children with SCD, aged 2–18 years old. All recruited participants were residents of Almadinah Almunawwarah. A structured and validated questionnaire was used for data collection.ResultsThe mean total knowledge score was 30 ± 4. The majority of parents (74%) had a good level of knowledge about SCD. There was a significant association between the total knowledge score and the outcome of VOCs during the year prior (p < 0.05). There was no association between the total knowledge score and the parents' education and family income. Regarding methods of increasing awareness of VOCs, 60.97% of parents thought that the best method was by direct meetings about health education, while 30.89% preferred to have written information about the disease. Only 21.13% argued that the internet was a better choice for raising awareness.ConclusionIn this study, the parents of SCD patients had a good level of knowledge about VOCs. There was a significant association between the parents' awareness of VOCs and a better disease outcome in their children, as they had fewer attacks and hospital admissions.