Mean Nusselt Number Research Articles

Thermofluidic analysis around a heated hollow spherical ring immersed in air

Efforts are made to report a numerical investigation on natural convection flow around a heated vertical hollow spherical ring with negligible wall thickness exposed in quiescent air within laminar regime. Both inner and outer walls are maintained at a constant temperature throughout the study. Thermal and flow fields are predicted thoroughly over the wide range of following governing pertinent parameters: height-to-diameter ratio and Rayleigh number ( First, thermal plumes are employed to understand the thermofluidic behavior around the spherical ring qualitatively. A high-temperature zone inside the spherical ring is identified at higher value aspect ratio almost for all values of due to the entrapment of the heated plume. It is also noticed that the cooling rate from inner wall first increases with and finds a maximum value then starts to drop with a further rise of for a constant value of This maximum value is almost 7.1 times higher at 107 compared to 103, whereas it is approximately 3.75 times higher at 106 compared to 103. However, the heat loss rate from outer wall increases continually with the progressive rise of for a fixed value of However, the mean Nusselt number on both inner and outer walls reduces with the increase of for all cases of Again, the pattern of mass flow rate through the ring is also predicted for various values of and The mass flow rate reduces progressively with the continual rise of for a fixed value of Lastly, the study is concluded by developing a suitable correlation for net Nusselt number based on the computed data points which shows a satisfactory agreement within ±6% of the computational data.

Convective heat transfer enhancement in an inverted T-shaped porous enclosure through vertical varying circular cylinder

This research aims to enhance convective thermal transport in an inverted T-shaped porous enclosure filled with a water-based hybrid nanofluid, incorporating a circular cylinder at different vertical locations (Case C1-no cylinder, Case C1-cylinder at (0.5, 0.25), Case C2-cylinder at (0.5, 0.5), Case C3-cylinder at (0.5, 0.75)). The numerical investigation employs the penalty finite element technique to simulate the Darcy–Brinkmann–Forchheimer-based mathematical model. Moreover, the complete results of streamlines, isotherms, mean Nusselt number (Num ), and thermal enhancement percentage ( En % ) are analyzed at the broad range of flow parameters, including Rayleigh number ( Ra = ( 10 3 − 10 6 ) ), Darcy number ( Da = ( 10 − 5 − 10 − 2 ) ), and porosity value ( ϵ = ( 0.1 − 0.9 ) ). Initial comparative investigations of different configurations (C0–C3) at selected Ra values reveal that case C1 exhibits significant potential for enhancing convective heat transport phenomena. Consequently, only case C1 physical domain has been explicitly analyzed for convective heat and fluid flow characteristics at the selected range of flow parameters. Further, it is analyzed that the increasing range of Ra, Da, and ϵ enhances the convective heat and fluid flow phenomena. Furthermore, the comparative study of Num and En % for case C1 against the simple case C0 reveals substantial improvements as Ra, Da, and ϵ increase. The En % for Da and Ra reaches up to 97%, while a maximum of 25% improvement is observed with varying values of ϵ. These findings highlight the promising opportunities to optimize convective thermal transport in the investigated system, mainly through adopting case C1.

A numerical study on the role of dipole interactions on the heat transfer rates in a ferrofluid shear flow

A square partially heated lid-driven cavity filled with ferrofluid subjected to the applied field of a permanent magnet is investigated numerically. These simulations are performed using an in-house code based on the Finite Volume Method. The problem is governed by mass, momentum and energy conservation laws. A phenomenological magnetization equation, which considers the mechanism of long-range dipolar interactions on the scale of the particles, is also used. Laminar steady-state solutions are obtained based on commercial fluids properties and the effects of coupled mechanisms are discussed. A consistent coupling between hydrodynamic, thermal and magnetic effects is observed depending on the particles relaxation time. A high-order model for the equilibrium magnetization, which accounts for the effect of long-range dipolar interactions is considered. The simulations consider particle concentrations of up to 40%. Under such conditions, an enhancement of up to 15% on the average Nusselt number is obtained for Re=100 due to strong dipolar interaction effects. Different combinations for the thermal boundary conditions and lid velocity orientations are considered. A linear relation between the mean Nusselt number and the dipole coupling parameter is observed and justified in terms of scaling arguments.

The influence of magnetic field on entropy generation in a wavy cavity equipped with internal heated plate using Darcy–Brinkman–Forchheimer model

In this study, entropy accumulation during thermal convection of a hybrid nanosuspension in an undulating cavity having an interior heated plate is investigated in relation to magnetic fields. The Darcy-Brinkman-Forchheimer approach is employed to simulate the liquid circulation and energy transport parameters, while the impact of the Lorentz force on the system's thermodynamic properties is analyzed. To better understand the characteristics of this complex phenomenon, best compromise combination of different interacted parameters is needed to be set on. The geometrical parameters are number of cavity waves (N), length (s) and inclination angle of heated plate (γ) and the inclination angle of Lorentz force (δ). These parameters are studied with different volume fractions of compound nanofluid (φ = 0 − 0.02), different Rayleigh numbers (103 − 106), Darcy number changes between (Da = 10−5 − 10−1) and various Hartmann numbers (Ha = 0 − 60). The mean Nusselt number rises with a growth of the Rayleigh number by about three times (≈300%), while the average skin friction parameter reduces with a growth of the number of wall waves approximately to the half (≈50%). Additionally, the average Bejan number reaches its maximum value when the parameter of number of waves equals to (N = 5). Taking into consideration an objective function of maximizing average Nu and minimizing skin frication coefficient (Cf), the best scenario is determined at (N = 3, s = 0.4, γ = π/3 and δ = π/2).

MRT-LB simulation and response surface analysis of natural convection of non-Newtonian ferrofluid in an enclosure with non-uniformly heated radiator through GPU computing

The multiple-relaxation-time (MRT) lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) has been applied to numerically analyze the natural convection of non-Newtonian ferrofluid in an enclosure with a horizontal plate or radiator that is not uniformly heated. The left and right walls of the enclosure are cold (Tc), while the bottom and upper walls are assumed to be adiabatic. Simulations using numerical models are run for a variety of dimensionless variables, including Rayleigh numbers (Ra=104,105,106), Hartmann numbers (Ha=0,20,40,60,80), power-law index (n=0.6,0.8,1.0,1.2,1.4), magnetic field inclination angles (γ=0,π/4,π/2,3π/4), and the maximum ferroparticle volume fractions is 6% (ϕ=0.06). The numerical results are reported in the form of isotherms, streamlines, velocity, temperature, mean Nusselt number, and entropy production. The study found that the Nu¯ rises with the increment of the Rayleigh number but decreases with the enhancement of the Ha, n, and ϕ. The temperature declines rapidly when the magnetic field inclination angle values increase to γ=90°, then gains temperature. The velocity and temperature both increase as the ϕ increases. For increasing the power-law index, the Nu¯ grows by 1.6% in the case of Ra=104 but falls by 14.56% and 54.87% when Ra=105 and Ra=106, respectively. The entropy profile is discussed in detail. The Be number is more significant than 0.5 for various n at Ra=104 and 105, suggesting that entropy formation is primarily due to heat gradients. Response surface methodology (RSM) also describes the numerical results with variable Ra numbers (104, 105, 106), n=0.6,1.0,1.4), angles (γ=0,π/2,3π/4), Ha=40 and ϕ=0.06. Finally, the residual plots, 2D and 3D plots are described. All the simulations are conducted by the GPU (Graphics Processing Unit) computing with the NVIDIA CUDA C/C++ platform.

Semi-analytical solution of nanofluid flow with convective and radiative heat transfer

The application of nanofluids has exploded in recent decades to improve the local number, mean Nusselt number, and rate of heat transfer. However, boundary layer equations of nanofluid across a flat plate with radiation have not been studied, and therefore this paper studies them mathematically for the first time. For water-based copper and aluminum oxide nanofluids, a similarity solution is presented in this study, and the subsequent system of the ordinary differential equation (ODE) is numerically solved by the Runge–Kutta method in MATLAB. Two different hydraulic boundary conditions are used in the simulations. In the first, the flow across a moving plate and the direction of the flow are analyzed, while in the second, the flow over a nonlinearly moving plate in a still fluid is investigated. The nanoparticle’s boundary layer thickness is found less than the thermal and hydraulics boundary layers. The local Nusselt number and friction factor of both the nanofluids are calculated and compared with the base fluid. The results demonstrate that the friction coefficient is high and the Nusselt number is low for nanoparticles with a high volume fraction. It also revealed that the friction factor for water–aluminum oxide is 16% greater than that for the water–CuO whereas the local Nusselt number for water–aluminum oxide is only 5% more than that for the water–CuO.

Numerical study of entropy generation in magneto-convective flow of nanofluid in porous enclosure using fractional order non-Darcian model

The present numerical work examines the effect of fractional order parameter on heat transfer and entropy generation for a thermo-magnetic convective flow of nanofluid (Cu-water) in a square porous enclosure that contains semi-circular bottom wall. The Darcy–Brinkmann–Forchheimer model is utilized to evaluate the momentum transfer in porous media, and the Caputo-time fractional derivative term is introduced in momentum as well as in the energy equation. Further, non-dimensional governing equations are simulated through the penalty finite element method, and the Caputo time derivative is approximated by L1-scheme. The study is carried out for various parameters, including Rayleigh number (Ra), Darcy number (Da), radius of the semicircle (r), fractional order (α), and Hartmann number (Ha). The comprehensive results are presented by the contour variation of isotherms, streamlines, and total entropy generation at the selected range of parameters. In addition, thermal transport and irreversibilities due to heat transfer, fluid friction, and magnetic field have been accounted through the numerical variation of mean Nusselt number (Num) and Bejan number due to heat transfer (Beht), fluid friction (Beff), and magnetic field (Bemf), respectively. The key findings of the present study reveal that during the initial evolution period, the Num value increases as α→1. Additionally, time taken to achieve the steady state condition varies and depends on fractional order α. Furthermore, in the absence of Ha, the heat transfer and entropy generation intensifies with augmentation of Ra and Da for all α, while, the increasing value of Ha shows an adverse impact on the heat transfer rate.

Laminar Natural Convection of Water-Based Alumina Nanofluids in a Square Enclosure

Steady-state, laminar, natural convection of water-based alumina nanofluids in a square enclosure with partial heating from the bottom and symmetrical cooling from the sides has been investigated based on numerical simulations. The effects of Rayleigh number, normalized heat source length and nanoparticle volume fraction on the heat transfer behavior have been investigated. An increase in Rayleigh number, for given values of normalized heat source length and nanoparticle volume fraction, leads to an increase in Nusselt number. For a given set of values of Rayleigh number based on base-fluid properties and normalized heat source length, the Nusselt number does not vary significantly with increasing nanoparticle volume fraction because the strengthening viscous effects with increasing volume fraction for water-based alumina nanofluids counteracts the enhanced thermal diffusion in nanofluids. However, when effective Rayleigh number is based on nanofluid properties, Nusselt number decreases with increasing nanoparticle volume fraction. For a given set of values of Rayleigh number and nanoparticle volume fraction, the Nusselt number increases with increasing normalized heat source length due to the strengthening of advective transport. A correlation for mean Nusselt number is proposed which adequately captures qualitative and quantitative behavior obtained from the simulations across the considered parameter range.

Hydrothermal impact of multiwall carbon nanotube diameter in a conventional square cavity

This study aimed to computationally examine the effect of the average diameter of multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) on the hydrothermal properties of a square cavity. A conventional square cavity filled with MWCNT–water was used for the experiment. The left and right walls of the cavity are maintained as hot and cold respectively, whereas the top and bottom walls were assumed to be adiabatic. Mathematical models were developed using the Navier–Stokes equations by applying the thermophysical properties of the MWCNT–water nanofluid. A newly proposed correlation between the effective thermal conductivity and the diameter of carbon nanotube was utilized to analyze the impact of the average diameter on the natural convection of nanofluid inside the cavity. The governing equations were non-dimensionalized using suitable variables and then solved using the Galerkin finite element technique. The combined effects of the Rayleigh number (103<Ra<106) and the average diameter of the MWCNTs (10 nm to 30 nm) on the streamlines, isolines, velocity, local Nusselt number, and mean Nusselt number were examined in detail. It is found that the flow and heat transfer rate inside the cavity can be effectively controlled by increasing the average diameter of MWCNTs at higher Rayleigh numbers compared to lower Rayleigh number. A larger MWCNT diameter dominated the impact of the buoyancy force inside the square cavity.

Enhancing heat exchanger performance through hybrid angle of attack control for drop-shaped tubes

In this study, a numerical investigation was conducted to explore the potential improvement in the overall performance of heat exchangers comprising drop-shaped tubes through the control of the angle of attack. A comprehensive analysis was conducted, evaluating eight distinct configurations of 20-row bundles consisting of drop-shaped tubes in both staggered and in-line arrangements. A thorough comparison was made against corresponding bundles with circular tubes. The study covered a range of Reynolds numbers Re = 1.78 × 103–1.87 × 104 and angles of attack θi−j = 0°–360°. Two methods were employed to evaluate the thermal-hydraulic performance. The findings indicated that the friction factor of case 6 of drop-shaped tube bundle (θ1−5 = 0°, θ6−10 = 330°, θ11−15 = 30°, θ16−20 = 0°) exhibited a reduction of approximately 27%–43% and 42%–46% compared to the staggered (case 3) and in-line (case 1) configurations of drop-shaped tube bundles at zero angles of attack, respectively. Additionally, case 6 achieved the highest thermal-hydraulic performance, surpassing the staggered bundles of circular tubes (case 3) by 1.4–1.8 times and the in-line bundles of circular tubes (case 1) by 2.9–3.5 times. Novel equations were derived to estimate the mean Nusselt number, effectiveness, and friction factor for case 6, exhibiting a maximum deviation of 0.74%, 0.48%, and 0.73% correspondingly.

Laminar Natural Convection in nonrectangular Enclosure with and without Fins

In the present work, steady, laminar natural convection in nonrectangular enclosures is analyzed numerically with and without fin. Vertical walls insulated while horizontal walls maintained isothermal at different temperature and the fin was placed on horizontal surface. The length of fin was equal (B/L=0.22, 0.44 and 0.66) and thickness of fin was constant. Various parameters are studied: Rayleigh number (from 104 to 107 ), Prandtl number (0.7), number of fin change from (1-3) and aspect ratio (H/L= 0.15 to 0.5). The problem is formulated in terms of the vorticity-stream function procedure. A numerical solution based on program in Fortran 90 with Tec plot program. The finite difference method is used. Streamlines and isotherms are presented for different values of parameters studied. A Nusselt number correlation is derived by using program (DGA v1.00) and mean Nusselt numbers on hot walls are also calculated at different cases. The results show the mean Nusselt numbers decreases with increasing aspect ratio (H/L).Also, predictions reveal a decrease in heat transfer in the presence of fins. The results of the calculations are compared with the previous works and it showed a good agreement.

Double Diffusive Convective Flow Study of a Hybrid Nanofluid in an Inverted T-Shaped Porous Enclosure Under the Influence of Soret and Dufour Prameters

Abstract This study presents a numerical investigation to examine the influence of Soret and Dufour parameters on the double-diffusive convective flow of a hybrid nanofluid within an inverted T-shaped porous enclosure. The thermophysical properties and numerical values of the hybrid nanofluid are adopted from experimentally published data. The mathematical model is formulated based on the generalized Darcy–Brinkmann–Forchheimer equation and subsequently simulated using the penalty finite element method. A parametric study is conducted, encompassing a wide range of parameters for Rayleigh number, Darcy number, porosity value, buoyancy ratio, Lewis number, Soret parameter, and Dufour parameter. The resulting flow patterns, temperature distribution (isotherms), and concentration distribution (isoconcentration plots) provide insights into the fluid flow, heat transfer, and mass transfer phenomena within the physical domain. Furthermore, the heat and mass transfer rates at the heated (concentrated) wall are quantitatively evaluated by the mean Nusselt number and mean Sherwood number, respectively, considering various combinations of flow parameters. As a key finding, it is observed that the smaller value of the Rayleigh number remains insignificant at convective flow of thermal and solute phenomena. Moreover, the higher value of Ra reinforces the convective strength of hybrid nanofluid, and it helps to identify the real impact of each parameter. Thus, at a higher Rayleigh number, it is observed that the increasing value of Darcy number, porosity value, Lewis number, and buoyancy ratio significantly influence the convective flow of heat and solute transport activity, whereas the impact of Soret and Dufour parameters shows a relatively less influence on the heat and mass transfer phenomena.

Active vortex generation and enhanced heat transfer in a 3D minichannel by Onsager–Wien effect

A 3D numerical analysis of conjugate heat transfer in a rectangular minichannel in the presence of vortices generated by electric field induced Onsager–Wien effect has been performed. Fully coupled governing equations for flow, heat transfer, electric potential and charge transport are solved using the finite-volume framework of OpenFOAM®. Present study proposes a novel approach to increase mixing and heat transfer in a minichannel using the vortices generated by Onsager–Wien effect. Effects of the flow Reynolds number Re and electric Reynolds number ReEL on the thermo-hydraulic performance of the minichannel have been analyzed. The Onsager–Wien effect produces small flow vortices in the vicinity of thin plate electrodes flushed to the top and bottom walls of the channel. These vortices enhance the fluid mixing, deplete the thermal boundary layer and increase the heat transfer. The Onsager–Wien effect produces stable and prominent vortex structures at low Reynolds numbers. Whereas, the inertial force begins to dominate at higher Re and the vortices get smeared in the positive flow direction. In general, the heat transfer enhancement is directly proportional to the electric Reynolds number ReEL. A maximum of 48.25% increase in mean Nusselt number is observed within the parameter space considered herein. Results of this study indicate that, thermal boundary layer depletion and mixing by electric-field-induced Onsager–Wien effect substantially enhances the heat transfer performance of a minichannel, with a trivial additional electric power consumption. Results of the present numerical study will serve as a benchmark to design minichannel heat sinks with enhanced heat transfer based on thermal boundary layer depletion by application of weak/medium electric fields.

Free convection of hybrid water/aluminum oxide-copper nanofluid in cubic cavity

Convective heat transfer is a physical phenomenon that continues to attract the interest of researchers in many fields of science and engineering. This work aims at numerically investigating the enhancement of heat transfer in a differentially heated three-dimensional cavity using a hybrid Al2O3-Cu-water nanofluid and Al2O3-water nanofluid. The partial differential equations are discretized in 3D by adopting the finite volume method and using the SIMPLEC algorithm for pressure correction. Heat transfer and fluid flow results are presented in the form of isotherms, velocity fields and mean Nusselt number. The results show that the effect of nanofluid and hybrid nanofluid on natural convection is more significant when the Rayleigh number is high. The use of hybrid nanofluid improves the heat transfer compared to nanofluid.

Thermal and vibratory response of sprung square cylinder with four nature-inspired fin-shaped bumps

Nature provides man with various interesting structures, offering him a constant source of manufacturing tools and invention. The main purpose of the present paper is to investigate the effect of shark-inspired fins, which are installed on the top and bottom plates of a sprung cylinder on the vibration response and heat transfer of square cylinder. Two fin sizes, i.e. small and big, are used. Three configurations for the fins on the top and bottom plates of the square cylinder are considered: at the corners of the square cylinder, spaced from the corners, and in the middle of the plates. The results indicate that adding fins increases the amplitude of vortex-induced vibrations and extends the lock-in region which is both intensified as the size of fins increases. In particular, for the cylinder equipped with small fins in configurations 1–3, the maximum VIV amplitude increases by, respectively, 36 %, 57 % and 52 % compared with the plain cylinder. In contrast, shark fins can lower the galloping amplitude by as much as 87 % and shrink the galloping zone such that for big fin size in the second and third configurations, the galloping zone and its corresponding vortex-shedding mode are not observed. Adding fins to the cylinder augments heat transfer. The increase in mean Nusselt number depends on vortex-shedding mode, and the rise in Nusselt number is higher in the 2P + 2S mode.

Numerical Study of the Effects of Roughness Coupled with Inclination on a Turbulent Flow around an Obstacle

In this study, we simulate the cooling of a microprocessor by thermal convection in three different shapes: a square, a trapezoidal, and a triangular shape. The latter is improved by a variety of types of roughness, including square roughness, triangular roughness Type 1, triangular roughness Type 2, and triangular roughness Type 3. The microprocessors are kept at a constant temperature, the air flow is constant, and the geometry is fixed. The physical phenomenon is simulated by the ANSYS software. The numerical results reported in this study cover the ranges of the obstacle’s angle of inclination, 0°≤θ≤45°, (square obstacles, θ=0°, trapezoidal obstacles, 0°&lt;θ&lt;45°, triangular obstacles, θ=45°) and Reynolds number, 2500≤Re≤10,000. The findings relate to streamlines, dynamic pressure (max), mean velocity, temperature field, mean Nusselt number (Nu/Nu0) profiles, local coefficient of friction (Cf/f0), mean coefficient of friction (f/f0) profiles, mean velocity field with roughness, and fluid temperature field with roughness. The aim of the study is to show the interaction between the roughness parameter and the obstacle geometry. In the case of a triangular obstacle, the contact between the cold air and the obstacle is significant downstream of the obstacle, which gives us good cooling, and the Nusselt number has an important value because the agitation of the flow increases convective heat transfer, and the coefficient of friction is low because the air flow is uniform.

Thermal energy analysis of multi-walled carbon nanotubes-Fe3O4/H2O flow over non-uniformed surface with Darcy–Forchheimer model

In this study, a new cavity shape was filled with an extension multi-walled carbon nanotubes-Fe2O3/H2O nanofluid under a constant magnetic field. The Darcy–Forchheimer model is used to account for the inertial impact of advection in the porous layer while maintaining the laminar and incompressible nature of the nanofluid flow. The dimensionless version of the governing equations is used to describe the issue and the finite element approach is used to resolve it. Through this complex geometry, various thermophysical factors such as Rayleigh number [Formula: see text], Hartmann number [Formula: see text], and nanoparticle concentration are considered [Formula: see text]. The porous layer's numerous characteristics are also explored. For example, its porosity [Formula: see text] and Darcy number [Formula: see text], which indicates the permeability of the porous medium. The content of the hybrid nanofluid is considered to be Newtonian, stable, incompressible, and following a constant Prandtl number for the base fluid [Formula: see text]. Calculations are made according to the finite element method. The results of this work are presented in terms of rheology, isotherms, entropy generation, and mean Nusselt numbers. They have demonstrated that increasing the Rayleigh and Darcy numbers improve heat transfer in the enclosure.

Pure mixed convection in a Non-Newtonian fluid filled lid-driven chamber with discrete bottom heating

This study has examined pure mixed convective power-law fluid flow in a lid-driven square chamber with a discrete thermal source at the bottom surface. The finite element technique solves the governing Navier-Stokes and heat energy equations. A parametric simulation is executed by changing the moving walls' direction into three cases along with the simultaneous change of Grashof and Reynolds numbers, power-law index within 0.6 ≤ n ≤ 1.4 and non-dimensional thermal source length within 0.25 ≤ ε ≤ 1.00. The results have been represented in terms of isotherm and streamline plots, evaluation of the mean Nusselt number of the thermal source, the bulk and the maximum fluid temperatures. This research indicates that the smaller the heat source, the higher the heat transfer, and that the heat transfer performance of the smallest heat source can be as high as 76% greater than that of the largest heat source. When both sidewalls move oppositely, heat transmission efficiency is 132% and 52% greater than in the first (both walls move downward) and second (both walls move upward) cases, respectively. Furthermore, the heat transfer performance changes around 26.32%, −3.45%, and −18.18%, with the rising value of the power-law index for the three cases, respectively.

Unsteady flow and heat transfer characteristics over the rounded and square leading-edge plate

The influences of the shape of the leading edge of the upstream plate on the transition region from steady laminar flow to unsteady flow, as well as the heat transfer from these leading edges, were numerically studied. The calculations were performed using the finite volume method in two-dimensional domains in a low Reynolds number regime with a constant incoming flow. The results show that von Kármán vortex shedding patterns start behind the rounded upstream plate at a low Reynolds number of 114. When the leading edge of the upstream plate is square, the plate experiences flow separation and the flow become unsteady at higher Reynolds numbers of around 400. The mean Nusselt number of the upstream plate increases by approximately 179% and 213% for square and rounded leading edges, respectively, for Reynolds numbers ranging from 100 to 700.

Analyzing overall thermal behaviour of conjugate MHD free convection in L-shaped chamber with a thick fin

This study examines the conjugate MHD free convection in an L-shaped chamber with a thick fin attached to one of its cold walls. The chamber's left and bottom parts have hot walls, whereas the ambient condition is maintained at the upper-right sides of the L-shaped chamber. A heat-conducting solid rectangular fin is vertically attached to the top of the mid-section of the chamber. The heat and fluid flow governed by heat energy and Navier-Stokes equations are numerically simulated with the help of finite element analysis. The influences of different governing and geometrical parameters such as Hartmann number (0 ≤ Ha ≤ 30), Rayleigh number (103 ≤ Ra ≤ 106), fin thickness (0.100 ≤ t/L ≤ 0.175, where L is the reference length of the chamber) and fin height (0.1 ≤ d/L ≤ 0.3) on the overall thermal characteristics of the system have been observed. The qualitative outcomes of this research are exhibited in the forms of streamline, isotherm, and heatline plots. The quantitative findings are presented utilizing the mean Nusselt number, the overall thermal performance ratio, and the average fluid temperature. These results confirm that the overall thermal improvement of the chamber due to the conjugate effects of heat transfer increases with increasing Hartmann number for a fin with the highest thickness and the shortest length. The overall thermal performance ratio increases by a maximum of 39.59% for an increase in Hartmann number from 0 to 30. Similarly, higher thickness and shorter length improve the overall thermal performance ratio by 45.18% and 415.06%, respectively.