Mean Values Of Body Mass Index Research Articles

Association between Anthropometry and Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

Introduction: The predictive value of various anthropometric indicators for identifying benefits or risksfor maternal health outcomes of pregnancy is discussed around the globe. Anthropometric measurements can be a cost effective, efficient method of screening for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) especially, in developing countries with low-cost health care settings. Objectives: To determine a relationship between anthropometric measurements and GDM and to assess the importance/suitability of an anthropometric measurement in predicting GDM. Methods: A correlational study with the evaluation of diagnostic test accuracy was conducted among 48 pregnant women at period of amenorrhoea (POA) of 26 - 34 weeks of gestation. The obstetrics ward and the antenatal clinic of Peradeniya teaching hospital was the study setting. Systematic random sampling technique was used for participant selection. Singleton pregnancies with Body Mass Index (BMI) less than 30.0 kg/m2 were included. Women with pre-existing diabetes and medical disorders were excluded. Mid arm circumference (MAC), tricipital skin fold thickness (TSFT), bicipital skin fold thickness (BSFT) were measured according to the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) anthropometry manual. An interviewer-administered questionnaire was applied to collect the data. Data was evaluated in accordance with the objectives by using SPSS version 25. Results: Mean age of the participants was 29.67 years (SD = 4.76 years). Mean height and weight of the study participants were 154.93 cm and 67.45 kg respectively. Mean BMI value was recorded as 28.13 kgm2. Mean mid arm circumference was 9.43 cm. According to the multivariate analysis done by using logistic regression, calculated TSFT and BSFT values were independently associated with GDM in the population. Successful prediction can be achieved by using the BMI and the body weight (AUC 0.5). 24.8 kg/m2 is taken as the best cut off value to predict GDM (Sn = 79.2; Sp = 29.2). Best cut off value for body weight appears as 60 kg (Sn = 79.2; Sp = 32.3) and the best cut off value for height is 150 cm (Sn = 80.0; Sp = 25.0). When the predictive variables are compared with each other, highest predictive ability was recorded by the body mass index (AUC = 0.632). Predictability of TFT and BSFT appeared significant. 27.0 cm can be considered as the most accurate cut off value of MAC (Sn = 80; Sp = 30). Best cut off values for BSFT and TSFT were 22 mm (Sn = 80; Sp = 60) and 10.5 mm (Sn = 83.3; Sp <span styl

The relationship of depression and malnutrition with healthy eating index in elderly individuals

Depression, malnutrition, and the healthy eating index were assessed in this study of people aged 65 and up who sought treatment at an outpatient clinic for internal medicine. Participants were elderly people from Malatya, Türkiye, who had applied to the outpatient clinic for internal medicine. The three-day dietary recall method was used to obtain the records of food consumption among the elderly. The calculation of Healthy Eating Index-2015 (HEI-2015) scores from food consumption. Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) was used to define probable depression, and Mini Nutrition Questionnaire-Short Form (MNA-SF) was used to determine nutritional status, using face-to-face interviews. The study were 185 individuals included. The mean age of individuals was 72.19±6.92 years. According to MNA-SF results, 32.3% of women and 27.4% of men were found to be malnourished. The mean body mass index (BMI) value of the individuals was 25.73±2.85 kg/cm2, and the BMI value of 56.22% of the individuals was within the normal range. The depression score mean was 8.86±4.73. Depression scores are higher in women, those with low monthly education and income, those who use multiple drugs, those with a low HEI-2015 score, and those who use them. There is a relationship between depression score and eating score. As the nutrition score and the HEI-2015 score decrease, the depression score increases. This study indicates that depressed older people consume less food. Early detection of depression and malnutrition is beneficial. Older adults should routinely use brief, easy-to-obtain diagnostic tools such as the MNA and GDS questionnaires to treat these related health issues quickly and effectively.

Erişkinlerde Akdeniz Diyetine Uyum, Fiziksel Aktivite Düzeyi ve Kronik Hastalık Arasındaki İlişkinin Belirlenmesi: Kesitsel Araştırma

Objective: The purpose of the study was to determine the adherence of adults to the Mediterranean diet (MD), physical activity status, and the association between adherence to the MD and chronic disease. Material and Methods: A total of 380 individuals were included in this cross-sectional study. The adherence to the MD was evaluated with the Mediterranean Diet Adherence Scale (MEDAS), and physical activities with the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). Results: There was no difference between men and women in terms of physical activity level assessed by IPAQ score and IPAQ classification (p>0.05). Moderate-high adherence to the MD in adults, mean MEDAS score, obesity, and chronic disease were significantly higher in women than in men (p<0.05). the rates of the individuals that had moderate/high adherence to the MD and the mean body mass index (BMI) values, frequency of chronic disease and frequency of previous dietary counseling were higher (p<0.05). In addition the frequency of previous dietary counseling was higher in physically inactive individuals (p<0.05). There were significant positive relations were detected between the MEDAS and BMI values (r=0.126, p=0.014). There were negative significant relations between IPAQ score, BMI (r=-0.118, p=0.022) and waist circumference values (r=-0.124, p=0.018). Conclusion: It was determined that while moderate compliance with the MD was observed, the level of physical activity was low in adults. It has shown the necessity and importance of developing preventive health services for nutrition and physical activity in the prevention and treatment of chronic diseases.

ASSOCIATION BETWEEN WATER INTAKE AND ANTHROPOMETRIC MEASUREMENTS: A CROSS SECTIONAL STUDY AMONG A SAMPLE POPULATION OF PAKISTANI DENTAL STUDENTS

Background: Role of water is well known as an essential nutrient in human health. Lifestyle medicine researches have shown high prevalence of inadequate hydration habits globally. In this study, the relationship of daily water intake with anthropometric measurements in young adults of a particular geographical location were observed. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 259 undergraduate students of Islamic International Dental College (IIDC), from September 2021 to February 2022. To assess daily water intake, an online questionaire was filled, whereas anthropometric measurements were done according to the recommendations of the International Standards for Anthropometric Assessment. Associations of Body Mass Index (BMI) with Waist Circumference (WC), Waist/Hip Ratio (WHR), Abdominal Circumference (AC), and Daily Water Intake (DWI) were analyzed by multiple linear regression analysis. One-way ANOVA was also used to determine the relationship of DWI with BMI, WC, AC and WHR, and considered significant at p?0.05. Results: One-way ANOVA analysis showed statistically significant differences in the mean values of BMI (F=6.0, p=0.001) and WC (F=7.5, p&lt;0.001) and no significant difference was found in the mean value of WHR (F=2.0, p=0.10) between the different DWI groups. Post hoc Tukey’s test followed by ANOVA revealed that BMI, WC, and WHR were statistically lower among students having adequate daily water intake (21.0±3.8 Kg/m2, p=0.001; 79.2±9.7 Cm, p&lt;0.001; and 0.78±0.04, p=0.013 respectively). Conclusion: Significant association was found between adequate daily water intake and lower values of BMI, WC and WHR. Pak J Physiol 2022;18(4):14?7

Evaluation of Diabetes Mellitus in Diabetic Patients in a Correlation Between Body Mass Index and Blood Sugar

Background: Body mass index (BMI) criteria are currently the primary focus in obesity treatment recommendations, with different treatment cutoff points based upon the presence or absence of obesity-related comorbid disease. Aim: This project aimed to explore the relationship of body mass index with blood sugar. Patients &amp; methods: Seventy-one adult diabetic patients (36 males+35 females) were subjected to this study. Body mass index was calculated for each patient and random blood sugar was also measured. Results: The highest mean value of BMI was among male &amp; female patients in the age group 60-69 years old, which reached 36.57 &amp; 32.74, respectively while the mean value of random blood sugar in males was among the age group 30-39 years which reached 258.88 mg/dL. But it was 295.0mg/dL among age group &gt;70years in females. Conclusion: It is concluded that obesity is an important risk factor for diabetes and there was a relationship between BMI and increased blood sugar

Stres Üriner İnkontinans Üzerine Cerrahi Ve Medikal Tedavilerin Etkileri

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate how surgical and medical treatments affect the quality of life, depression status and social participation of women with Stress Urinary Incontinence (SUI). Materials and Methods: The study included 32 women with diagnoses of SUI. Among these women, 16 were designated as the medical treatment group (MTG), and the other 16 were designated as the surgical treatment group (STG). Before the treatment and 8 weeks after its completion, the patients were evaluated with the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-Short Form (ICIQ-SF), Incontinence Quality of Life Questionnaire (I-QOL), World Health Organization Quality of Life Instrument, Short Form (WHOQOL-BREF), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and Social Participation Questionnaire (SPQ). Results: The mean age of the subjects was 54.31±11.48 years in MTG and 48.38±10.01 years in STG. The mean body mass index (BMI) values of the groups were respectively 27.56±2.79 and 26.56±2.25 kg/m2. Following the treatment, statistically significant improvements were observed in urinary incontinence, depression, social participation and overall and disease-specific quality of life in both groups (p&amp;lt;0.05). Comparative analysis of the post-treatment changes in both groups showed statistically significant differences in the BDI score, the total work activity and household activity scores in the Social Participation Questionnaire and the psychosocial subgroups of both WHOQOL-BREF and I-QOL (p&amp;lt;0.05). Conclusion: Both treatments proved to be effective and usable to reduce the severity of SUI and depression, prevent social isolation and improve the quality of life. However, extensive research is required on the effects of SUI treatment methods on larger patient groups.

Is this the end of intensified insulin therapy and obesity in light of updates with novel medicines?

Introduction: Modern times witness an increased prevalence of obesity and diabetes mellitus. While patients are offered a plan for blood glucose regulation, possible obesity issues, unfortunately, remain ignored. Blood glucose regulation inevitably deteriorates over time in diabetic patients that gradually gain weight.&#x0D; Material and Method: We recruited 42 diabetic patients who applied to our internal medicine outpatient clinic to investigate the impacts of two new generation therapies, sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitor (SGLT-2i) and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP1-RA), on weight. Six patients were excluded from follow-up for various reasons, and the study was finalized with 36 patients. The patients were followed up regarding body mass index (BMI), HbA1c levels, and insulin cessation or dose reduction.&#x0D; Results: We stopped insulin in 20 of 36 patients who started to receive SGLT-2i and GLP1-RA, while the insulin dose was reduced in the remaining patients. While the mean basal HbA1c level of the first group with insulin cessation was 9.13% (min-max: 6.4-14), it was recorded as 7.63% (min-max: 5, 2-10,8) in the sixth month of treatment modification (p &lt; 0.001). Despite a slight HbA1c increase in two patients, we concluded a significant decrease in HbA1c levels in 18 patients. Altogether, these 20 patients experienced an average of 1.5% HbA1c reduction.&#x0D; The findings also revealed that the mean basal BMI value (38.99 kg/m2; min-max: 33.2-43.4) among these 20 patients significantly decreased to 38.13 kg/m2 (0.86 kg/m2) in the sixth month of treatment modification. Among eight patients with reduced insulin and HbA1c level, the mean BMI value changed from 43.05 kg/m2 (min-max: 38.3-52.5) to 40.91 (min-max: 38.1-50) at the sixth-month follow-up. In this case, we may assert that losing weight has a positive impact on blood glucose regulation. However, it changed from 34.87 kg/m2 (min-max: 30.6-38.2) to 35.77 kg/m2 (min-max: 31. 8-39.1) among the other eight patients with reduced insulin but unreduced HbA1c.&#x0D; Conclusion: Overall, we believe that SGLT-2i and GLP1-RA, with significant benefits in both cardiovascular protection and weight control, would be more advantageous when used more frequently in obese patients without obvious contraindications since they rarely cause hypoglycemia and are easily tolerated

Bite Force, Masticatory Performance, and Nutritional Status of Adult Individuals With Treacher Collins Syndrome.

To characterize the stomatognathic system of individuals with Treacher Collins syndrome (TCS) by assessing bite force (BF) and masticatory performance (MP) and to evaluate the nutritional status (NS) of this population through anthropometric measurements. Cross-sectional study. A public tertiary care hospital. Forty-one individuals were divided into 2 groups: (1) Control (CON): 20 control adults with class I skeletal pattern and (2) TCS: 21 adults with TCS. BF measurement was assessed using a gnathodynamometer (IDDK Kratos). MP assessment was done using Image J-NIH software, by calculating the particles size of food submitted to standard chewing cycles ). NS was assessed based on body mass index (BMI). Based on the craniofacial dysmorphology, it is our hypothesis that this population present a dysfunctional masticatory system, which can negatively impact NS. Means BF values for the TCS were significantly reduced when compared with the CON group and corresponded to 170.9 ± 109.4N and 431.6 ± 134.1N (right molar [RM]) and 171.2 ± 93.9N and 427.4 ± 147.8N (left molar [LM]), respectively (P < .05). Although no significant differences were observed, the mean particle size of the TCS was greater when compared with the CON group and corresponded to 1.58 ± 1.93 mm2 and 0.66 ± 0.52 mm2, respectively. Although statistically similar mean values of BMIs were observed on both groups (CON = 23.4 ± 4.7/TCS = 23.4 ± 6.1), underweight and overweight individuals were found in 48% of the individuals with TCS and in 15% of the CON group participants. Individuals with TCS showed a significant BF reduction, but no differences were observed in MP and NS when compared with the control individuals.

Is there any relationship between premature ejaculation and the age of first sexual intercourse in men?

There are few studies on the association between male sexual health and the age at first sexual experience (FSE), and the results are mixed. Furthermore, there is no research regarding premature ejaculation (PE) on this topic. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the relationship between PE and the age at FSE in men. The study consisted of a total of 136 males, including 66 PE patients and 70 control groups. The age, body mass index (BMI), duration of education, marital status, age at circumcision, age of FSE, and estimated intravaginal ejaculation latent time (eIELT) of the individuals were all recorded. All participants completed the Premature Ejaculation Diagnostic Tool (PEDT), the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI). The mean age of the PE and control groups was 38.27 ± 8.47 and 33.66 ± 8.04 years, respectively (p<0.05). The mean BMI values of the groups were comparable (p>0.05). The education duration of the control group was substantially longer than the PE group (p<0.001). The marriage rate was 57/66 (86.36%) in the PE group, while it was 49/70 (70%) in the control group (p<0.05). The mean eIELT for the PE and control groups was 64.89 ± 41.91sec and 608.64 ± 369.04 sec, respectively (p<0.001). The PE group had significantly higher PEDT, BDI, and BAI scores than the control group (p<0.001; p<0.01; p<0.01, respectively). In terms of circumcision age and age of FSE, there was no significant difference between the groups (p>0.05). According to our findings, there was no link between PE and the age of FSE. Future large-scale studies on the subject could provide more exact and reliable knowledge. All authors declare no conflict of interest.

Distribution and association of weight-loss diet programs with body mass index and health status among students at Al-Hussein Bin Talal University, Jordan

Introduction: Many people today, even those with a healthy body mass index (BMI), misperceive their body image and attempt an unhealthy diet regimen to lose weight. The present study aimed to investigate the distribution of weight-loss diet programs among undergraduate students at Al-Hussein Bin Talal University (AHU), Jordan, and to study the association of these strategies with students’ BMI and health status. Materials and methods: 1,200 questionnaires were distributed for undergraduate students at AHU, then the data were collected and analyzed using SPSS version 21. Results: The results show that 43.53% (8.50% males & 91.50% females) of respondents were following weight-loss diet programs. Dieting students had a significantly higher mean BMI value (25.67±2.86), compared to non-dieting students (23.23±3.70). “To look better” was found to be the most common reason for trying a weight-loss diet program. Additionally, a significant correlation (p=0.008) was found between skipping breakfast and the occurrence of irregular and painful periods among dieting students. Conclusion: Weight-loss diet programs, which involve several unhealthy practices, are widely practiced among AHU undergraduate students, leading to the development of a variety of dietary side effects. Hence, more caution must be taken when attempting weight-loss diet programs.

Effect of a Low-Moderate Exercise Program on Dysmetabolism in Older Adults: Results of a Randomized Controlled Trial.

Physical exercise has been shown to improve dysmetabolism in older adults, reducing cardiovascular risk, while its role in preventing dysmetabolism is less known. Moreover, most of the trials use exercise programs that are difficult to put into daily practice. The purpose of this Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT) was to evaluate the effectiveness of a 3-month moderate exercise program in improving or preventing dysmetabolism in 120 older adults, randomly selected for the exercise program (experimental group) or cultural activities (control group). None of the subjects were following a hypocaloric diet, and all of them reported healthy eating habits. Anthropometric (Body Mass Index (BMI) and Waist Circumference (WC)) and metabolic variables (fasting plasma glucose (FPG), High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (HDL-C), and triglycerides (TG)) were assessed at baseline (T0) and at the end of the trial (T1). Dysmetabolism was defined by the presence of an increased WC plus at least two metabolic alterations. At T0, the two groups did not differ by sex, age, education, BMI, WC, FPG, HDL-C levels, and prevalence of dysmetabolism. The mean BMI value indicated overweight, and WC values were higher than the cut-off. At T1, a slight reduction in the number of people with dysmetabolism was found only in the experimental group. However, none of the individuals without dysmetabolism at T0 in the experimental group developed it at T1, while 11.4% developed it in the control group (p = 0.032). This study highlights that a moderate exercise program, accessible in daily practice, can prevent dysmetabolism in older adults, even while being overweight, while if dysmetabolism is already present, more prolonged combined nutritional and exercise interventions will be needed.

A Single-Center Experience: What is the Effect of Sleeve Gastrectomy in Patients With a BMI ≥ 50 kg/m²?

Background: Our research aimed to see how sleeve gastrectomy (SG) affects weight loss and comorbidities in patients with a body mass index (BMI) ≥ 50 kg/m².Materials and methods: Prospectively kept data of patients with a BMI ≥50 kg/m² who underwent SG between February 2016 and February 2020 were evaluated.Results: A total of 138 patients with a BMI ≥ 50 kg/m² were operated on. The average BMI was 56.36±7.661, the average age was 37.41±12.33. Forty-eight patients underwent concomitant cholecystectomy and/or hiatal hernia repair (HHR). The percentage of excess weight loss (EWL%) of patients at the 3rd, 6th, 12th, 18th, and 24th months were 36%, 54%, 67%, 72%, and 74%, respectively. Mean BMI values of the 0th, 3rd, 6th, 12th, 18th, and 24th months were 56, 45, 39, 35, 33, and 33, respectively. 0th, 3rd, 6th, 12th, 18th, and 24th months were significantly different for EWL%, total weight loss (TWL%), and BMI variables (p<0.001), but EWL% (p=0.527), TWL% (p=0.396) and BMI (p=0,657) were not found significantly different between the 18th and 24th months. When EWL% ≥ 50 was accepted, the success rate was 93% (n=93) and 92% (n=50) at the 18th and 24th months, respectively. While there was 82% remission in type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) and 90% in hypertension (HT), the remission rate in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) undergoing HHR was 100%.Conclusions: In patients with a BMI ≥ 50 kg/m², SG seems to be an effective and safe therapy option as the first line for weight loss and treatment of comorbid diseases. Further long-term studies are needed to confirm these results.

Anthropometric indices and cut-off points for screening of metabolic syndrome among South African taxi drivers.

BackgroundDetecting the early onset of metabolic syndrome (MetS) allows for quick intervention which may slow progression to a variety of health consequences, hence, determining the best measurement to detect MetS is essential.AimThis research aimed at examining the MetS predictive power of anthropometric indices, such as body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), body shape index (ABSI), body roundness index (BRI), percentage body fat (%BF), conicity index (CI), and Clínica Universidad de Navarra-body adiposity estimator (CUN-BAE) to determine the cut-off points to identify male South African taxi drivers with MetS.MethodA cross-sectional study was conducted among 185 male taxi drivers. Their weight, height, WC, blood lipid profile were measured. International Diabetes Federation (IDF) definition was used to define MetS. Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves were used to compare the predictive ability of Anthropometric indices to detect MetS.ResultsThe mean age of the participants was 39.84 years. Overall, 41.6% (N = 77) of the participants presented with MetS. The mean values for BMI, WC, WHtR, %BF, BRI, CUN-BAE, ABSI and CI were 28.60 ± 6.20 kg/m2, 99.13 ± 17.59 cm, 0.58 ± 0.10, 27.28 ± 8.28%, 5.09 ± 2.33, 27.78 ± 8.34, 0.08 ± 0.01 and 1.70 ± 0.19, respectively. The mean values for these indices were significantly (p < 0.001) higher in participants with MetS. The highest area under the curve (AUC) outcomes for screening MetS were for the %BF and CUN-BAE, followed by the BMI and WHtR, and lastly the BRI. All these anthropometric indices had outstanding discriminatory powers for predicting MetS with AUCs and sensitivity values above 80%. The BMI, WHtR, %BF, BRI, and CUN-BAE, had cut-off points for detection of metS in South African men at 28.25 kg/m2, 0.55, 25.29%, 4.55, and 27.10, respectively. Based on the logistic regression models abnormal BMI, WHtR, %BF, BRI, CUN-BAE, TG, FBG, systolic BP, diastolic BP and WC showed increased risk of MetS.ConclusionWhile the %BF, CUN-BAE, BMI, WC, WHtR, BRI, CI and CUN-BAE could predict MetS among South African male taxi drivers, these indices were less effective in predicting the individual MetS risk factors such as TG, BP, and FBG.

Minimizing the Risk of Vascular Injury: Anatomy of the Popliteal Artery in the Pediatric Knee.

Displaced pediatric tibial tubercle fractures are commonly stabilized with screws directed posteriorly toward neurovascular structures. Here, we (1) characterize the variation of the popliteal artery among pediatric patients; and (2) recommend a safe screw trajectory for fixation of tibial tubercle fractures. We retrospectively identified 42 patients (42 knees; 29 female) aged 12-17 years with lower-extremity magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at a tertiary academic center. The mean patient age was 14.5 (range: 12-17) years, and the mean body mass index value was 19.1 (range: 14.9-25.1). We included patients with open physes or visible physeal scars and excluded those with prior instrumentation or lower-extremity injury. Using sagittal MRI, we measured the distances from 5 levels each on the anterior and posterior tibial cortex to the popliteal artery (level 1, midpoint of proximal tibial epiphysis; level 2, the proximal extent of the tubercle; level 3, tubercle prominence; level 4, 2cm distal to the proximal extent of the tubercle; level 5, 4cm distal to the proximal extent of the tubercle). Using coronal MRI, we measured the width of the tibia at each level and the distance from the lateral-most and medial-most cortex to the artery. The popliteal artery was laterally positioned in all knees. The mean distance between the artery and lateral-most aspect of the tibia at each level ranged from 1.9 to 2.4cm, and from 2.3 to 3.9cm from the medial-most aspect of the tibia. The mean distance that a screw can advance before vascular injury was 5.1cm at level 1. The shortest mean distance to the popliteal artery was 1.7cm, at level 5. There is minimal distance between the posterior tibial cortex and the artery at all levels. Understanding the position of the popliteal artery in pediatric patients can help when stabilizing tibial tubercle fractures. Because the artery is close to the posterior cortex, a drill exiting in line with the popliteal artery risks vascular injury. Therefore, we recommend that screws exit within the medial 60% of the tibia. IV.

Leptin and Adiponectin in Relation to Body Mass Index and Anemia

Obesity/its comorbidities occasionally exist alone, but actually, this is a dynamic network of cross morbidities that are often regarded as separable entities. Obesity is nowadays viewed as an escalating risk factor for iron deficiency, and various theories have been proposed since then explaining their relation. We aimed to determine the relationship of increased body mass index (BMI) with adiponectin, leptin, and iron profile in a sample of middle-aged and older adults with and without iron deficiency anemia. An observational study was performed among 90 participants classified into three groups. Group І included healthy subjects with normal BMI; as a control. Group II included subjects with increased BMI, and group III included subjects with increased BMI and iron deficiency anemia. After overnight fasting, fasting blood glucose, triglycerides, total cholesterol, iron, total iron-binding capacity, complete blood count, serum leptin, and adiponectin were measured. There were significantly higher mean values of BMI among those with anemia, higher mean values of serum leptin, and significantly lower mean values of adiponectin. A significant positive correlation of serum leptin with BMI and a significant negative correlation of serum leptin with iron in Group III were reported. The adiponectin/leptin ratio of (0.8) was correlated with iron and homeostatic model assessment in Group III, and a ratio of (1.1) was significantly correlated with BMI and hemoglobin level in Group II. This could suggest that interventions aimed at increasing the adiponectin/leptin ratio may help in resolving anemia among obese populations by increasing their serum iron and hemoglobin.

Analysis of Psychological and Biological Parameters in Patients Affected by Anorexia Nervosa or Obesity

Background: Depression and anxiety disorders have a high comorbidity with eating disorders (EDs), especially anorexia nervosa (AN) and obesity. This concomitance may complicate the diagnosis and treatment of these disorders. Aim 1: to study psychological and biological factors having significant roles in anxiety and depression in ED patients. Aim 2: to evaluate differences in ED individuals having anorexia nervosa and obesity. Methods: ED patients (n&amp;deg; 20 with anorexia nervosa; n&amp;deg; 15 with obesity) were enrolled at the Eating Disorder Unit of ASL Napoli 2 (Campania, Italy) and ASL Salerno (Campania, Italy) between January 2019 and January 2020. From all subjects we collected sociodemographic data, body mass index (BMI) and blood samples routinely tested for insulin, aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT). We administered the State Trait Anxiety Inventory Scale (STAI) and Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) to assess the severity and chronicity of EDs and the presence of anxious and depressive symptoms. Results: We observed significant differences in the mean values of BMI in the groups of patients with AN (BMI = 16,28) or (BMI = 30,90) have clinical values that meet the diagnostic criteria while having normative values for Control group CRT (BMI = 22,1). Conclusions: The presence of several disorders at the same time can increase the severity and chronicity of EDs and make a favourable outcome of the treatment more problematic. Furthermore, the correlation between biological and psychological factors in our understanding of comorbidity in EDs patients may have implications for the evaluation and treatment of this population.

Gece yeme bozukluğu ve uyku kalitesini ameliyat ile tedavi etmek mümkün mü? Obezite cerrahisinin faydaları

Aim: This study was conducted to assess sleep quality and night eating syndrome in patients with morbid obesity after bariatric surgery. &#x0D; Material and Method: Patients with morbid obesity who underwent sleeve gastrectomy were evaluated. The preoperative and postoperative values of Body Mass Index (BMI), Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAM-D), Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAM-A), Night Eating Questionnaire (NEQ), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and Berlin Sleep Questionnaire (BSQ) were compared. &#x0D; Results: A total of 82 surgery candidates who were aged between 18 and 65 (36.36±10.37) were planned for bariatric surgery participated in our study. We completed our study with 77 patients since 5 of the patients did not come to their postoperative 6th-month controls for various reasons. Standard psychiatric examinations of the candidates were performed before and after the surgery, and their written consent was obtained after they had been informed about the study. Mean preoperative BMI value was found as 44.53±4.33, HAM-A value as 4.96±6.14, HAM-D value as 3.82±3.84, PSQI value as 4.69±3.64, and NEQ score as 15.94±7.94. In the 6th month evaluations after surgery, the mean BMI value was found as 30.74±3.55, HAM-A value as 2.39±3.47, HAM-D value as 1.57±2.39, PSQI value as 1.48±1.42, and NEQ score as 5.58±3.06. The mean EWL value was found as 61.71±10.58. &#x0D; Conclusion: In conclusion, morbid obesity may cause anxiety, depression, and night eating syndrome and may impair sleep quality in parallel to them. We observed that these clinical conditions improved after bariatric surgery.

Lipid Profile in Patients With Primary Ovarian Insufficiency: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

BackgroundsA large number of studies have investigated the effect of early menopause on cardiovascular disease (CVD) outcomes and the relationship between the levels of lipid profile and primary ovarian insufficiency (POI). However, the results are inconsistent. The aim of this meta-analysis was to assess whether the levels of total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high density lipoprotein (HDL) and low density lipoprotein (LDL) changed in women with POI relative to healthy controls.MethodsTo identify eligible studies, references published prior to December 2021 were searched in the PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library and Web of Science databases. DerSimonian-Laird random-effects model was used to estimate the overall standard mean difference (SMD) between POI and healthy control subjects. Subgroup analysis and sensitivity analysis were preformed, and publication bias was assessed.ResultsA total of 12 studies featuring 846 women with primary ovarian insufficiency and 959 healthy women were selected for analysis. The meta-analysis showed that the levels of TC (SMD: 0.60; 95% CI: 0.32 to 0.89; P<0.0001), TG (SMD: 0.36; 95% CI: 0.12 to 0.60; P=0.003), LDL (SMD: 0.46; 95% CI: 0.16 to 0.76; P=0.003) were significantly increased in women with POI. There was no significant change in the level of HDL (SMD: 0.25; 95% CI: -0.12 to 0.61; P=0.19). Subgroup analysis showed that the heterogeneity in this meta-analysis of the correlation between lipid profile and POI might come from by region, sample size, number of cases, mean body mass index (BMI) value of cases and mean age of cases.ConclusionsScientific evidence suggests that the lipid profile levels were altered in patients with primary ovarian insufficiency compared to healthy controls. Therefore, we recommend that early medical intervention (e.g., hormone replacement therapy) to minimize the risk of CVD morbidity and mortality associated with dyslipidemia in patients with POI.Systematic Review RegistrationPROSPERO, identifier CRD42021297088

Effect of visceral manipulation on menstrual complaints in women with polycystic ovarian syndrome.

Research is lacking regarding osteopathic approaches in treating polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), one of the prevailing endocrine abnormalities in reproductive-aged women. Limited movement of pelvic organs can result in functional and structural deficits, which can be resolved by applying visceral manipulation (VM). This study aims to analyze the effect of VM on dysmenorrhea, irregular, delayed, and/or absent menses, and premenstrual symptoms in PCOS patients. Thirty Egyptian women with PCOS, with menstruation-related complaints and free from systematic diseases and/or adrenal gland abnormalities, prospectively participated in asingle-blinded, randomized controlled trial. They were recruited from the women's health outpatient clinic in the faculty of physical therapy at Cairo University, with an age of 20-34 years, and a body mass index (BMI)≥25, <30kg/m2. Patients were randomly allocated into two equal groups (15patients); the control group received a low-calorie diet for3months, and the study group that received the same hypocaloric diet added to VM to the pelvic organs and their related structures, according to assessment findings, for eightsessions over 3months. Evaluations for body weight, BMI, and menstrual problems were done by weight-height scale, and menstruation-domain of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Health-Related Quality of Life Questionnaire (PCOSQ),respectively, at baseline and after 3months from interventions. Data were described as mean, standard deviation, range, and percentage whenever applicable. Of 60 Egyptian women with PCOS, 30 patients were included, with baseline mean age, weight, BMI, and menstruation domain score of 27.5±2.2 years, 77.7±4.3kg, 28.6±0.7kg/m2, and 3.4±1.0, respectively, for the control group, and 26.2±4.7years, 74.6±3.5kg, 28.2±1.1kg/m2, and 2.9±1.0, respectively, for the study group. Out of the 15patients in the study group, uterine adhesions were found in 14 patients (93.3%), followed by restricted uterine mobility in 13 patients (86.7%), restricted ovarian/broad ligament mobility (9, 60%), and restricted motility (6,40%). At baseline, there was no significant difference (p>0.05) in any of demographics (age, height), or dependent variables (weight, BMI, menstruation domain score) among both groups. Poststudy, there was a statistically significant reduction (p=0.000) in weight, and BMI mean values for the diet group (71.2±4.2kg, and 26.4±0.8kg/m2, respectively) and the diet+VM group (69.2±3.7kg; 26.1±0.9kg/m2, respectively). For the improvement in the menstrual complaints, a significant increase (p<0.05) in the menstruation domain mean score was shown in diet group (3.9±1.0), and the diet+VM group (4.6±0.5). On comparing both groups poststudy, there was a statistically significant improvement (p=0.024) in the severity of menstruation-related problems in favor of the diet+VM group. VM yielded greater improvement in menstrual pain, irregularities, and premenstrual symptoms in PCOS patients when added to caloric restriction than utilizing the low-calorie dietalone in treating that condition.

Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma (PPARγ) Levels in Adolescent with Bipolar Disorder and Their Relationship with Metabolic Parameters.

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) is one of the immune and metabolic regulatory agents. This study examined the serum PPARγ levels and metabolic syndrome (MetS) parameters in pediatric bipolar disorder (PBD) adolescents and compared them with healthy subjects. Serum PPARγ levels, fasting blood glucose (FBG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), triglycerides (TG), and fasting insulin levels of 39 PBD-type I (age range: 14-18) and 36 age- and sex-matched healthy control subjects were compared. The anthropometric measurements were also analyzed, including body weight, height, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), and blood pressure measurements. The PPARγ levels were significantly lower, and the MetS prevalence was significantly higher in the PBD group than in the control group. The mean BMI, WC, serum TG, and FBG values of the PBD group were statistically higher than the healthy control group. There was no significant relationship between the PPARγ levels and metabolic parameters except fasting glucose. Lower PPARγ activity and higher MetS prevalence in PBD indicate dysregulation of immune and metabolic regulatory parameters. These results may shed light on developing new PBD medications.