MCH Values Research Articles

Modulatory role ulexit against thiamethoxam-induced hematotoxicity/hepatotoxicity oxidative stress and immunotoxicity in Oncorhynchusmykiss

Contamination of the aquatic environment with different insecticides is a major concern in the aquatic ecosystem today. For this reason, in the designed study, Thiamethoxam (TMX) for which there is limited information on its negative effects on Oncorhynchus mykiss was investigated, its effects on hematotoxicity, oxidative status, cytotoxicity, DNA damage and apoptotic status indicators in blood/liver tissue. However, the antitoxic potential of ulexite (UX) supplementation in the elimination of TMX-mediated toxicity has been determined. LC50-96h value determined for TMX 0.73 mg/L has been determined. As a result of hematology profile, TMX application, RBC, Hgb and Hct values showed a temporal decrease compared to the control group, while increases were determined in MCV, MCH and MCHC values. It was determined that the inhibition/induction of hematological parameters was slowed down by adding UX to the medium. During the trial (48th and 96th hours), it was noted that TMX induced cortisol level, while UX supplementation slowed this induction at 48th hour. Antioxidant enzyme activities were significantly inhibited by TMX application, and MDA and MPO values increased as a result of the stimulation of ROS. It was determined that UX added to the medium showed activity in favor of antioxidants and tried to inhibit MDA and MPO levels. When Nrf-2, one of the inflammation parameters, was compared with the administration and control groups, it was determined that it inhibited depending on time, TNF-α, IL-6, DNA damage and apoptosis were induced, and UX suppressed this situation. The results obtained were evaluated as statistically meaningful.Briefly, it was determined that TMX induced oxidative damage in all tissues at 48th - 96th hours, whereas UX mitigated this situation. The results provide possible in vivo evidence that UX supplements can reduce TMX-mediated oxidative stress and tissues damage in O. mykiss blood and liver tissues.

The Efficacy of Hb and RBCs Indices Components of a Full Blood Count Test on Detection of Colorectal Cancer among Adult Sudanese Patients

Background: One of the most dangerous neoplasms affecting the colon, rectum, and/or anus, colorectal cancer (CRC) has a variety of macroscopic and histopathologic features. The third most prevalent cancer worldwide and the fourth most common cancer-related cause of death is colorectal cancer. The second most prevalent gastrointestinal cancer and the fifth most frequent primary tumor in Sudan is colorectal cancer. A complete blood count (FBC) is a routine blood test that can include up to 20 different blood components and is used in both primary and secondary care. This study was done to assess how well the FBC test works for detecting CRC. Objectives: We hypothesized that the Hb and RBCs indices (RBCs counts, PCV, MCV, MCH, and MCHC) components of a full blood count test have a value in the detection of colorectal cancer among adult Sudanese patients. Material and Methods: This study was a hospital- based retrospective cross-sectional analytical study. The study included 100 patients diagnosed with colorectal cancer. The study was conducted at the Shendi Oncology Hospital and Research Center; University of Shendi. In the period from August 2015 to August 2022. Result: The results of the study showed that the mean values of the RBCs, PCV, and MCV for both gender males and females were significantly higher in the healthy adult Sudanese people compared with the colorectal cancer patients (p=0.000). The mean value of the MCHC for both genders was significantly higher in the colorectal cancer patients compared with the healthy adult people (p=0.002). The mean values of the MCH and Hb were varied according to the gender between the colorectal cancer patients and the healthy adult people. The result also showed that 25 (25%) patients who performed the FBC test before receiving the chemotherapy; had relatively low mean values of Hb, PCV, MCV, MCH, and MCHC compared with 23 (23%) patients who performed the FBC test after they received the chemotherapy. Conclusion: An FBC test can be used to screen individuals who are suspected of having colorectal cancer for iron deficiency anemia, which develops as a result of persistent blood loss from rectal bleeding and is the primary symptom of CRC in the early stages.

Direct cord blood LAMP colorimetric phenol red assay for detecting α0-thalassemia (SEA deletion); the validation and post-natal screening in Thailand

Post-natal or newborn screening for thalassemia and hemoglobinopathies is useful for genetic counseling and managing thalassemia in children. We characterized thalassemia genotypes in newborns from the eastern part of Thailand. The results demonstrated a high heterogeneity of thalassemia and hemoglobinopathies with seventeen genotypes. We focused on α0- thalassemia (Southeast Asian [SEA] deletion) in this study. We developed and validated the loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) colorimetric assay for detecting α0- thalassemia (SEA deletion) using simple direct cord blood sampling compared to genomic DNA. A total of 160 cord blood samples were evaluated with the LAMP assay. The sensitivity and specificity of the LAMP colorimetric assay for α0-thalassemia (SEA deletion) using direct cord blood showed 100% (6/6 x 100) and 98.05% (151/154 x 100) whereas, genomic DNA showed 100% (6/6 x 100) and 100% (154/154 x 100), respectively. Moreover, we demonstrated other simple screening tools for α0-thalassemia with %Hb Bart’s, MCV, and MCH values and found that these parameters were not diagnostic in our samples. The direct cord blood with colorimetric LAMP assay is simple, rapid, and does not require a post-LAMP step compared to conventional PCR. These techniques could be applied in post-natal or large population screening for α0-thalassemia (SEA deletion). Finally, this could support early prevention of complications, early management, genetic counseling for α-thalassemia disease in children, or a long-term prevention and control program of severe thalassemia in Thailand.

Evaluation of Prevalence and Severity of Anemia among Non-pregnant women of Reproductive Age in Garmian Province, Iraqi Kurdistan Region

Anemia is a major significant public health issue that affects both pregnant and non-pregnant women throughout the world. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and severity of anemia, as well as its classification, based on MCV values in non-pregnant women residing in the Garmian province in the east of Iraq. Blood samples were collected from non-pregnant women between the ages of 16 and 49 years. Anemia is classified as mild, moderate and severe, and as microcytic, normocytic and macrocytic depending on the level of Hb or mean corpuscular volume (MCV) respectively. In this study sociodemographic and hematological characteristics were also evaluated. The results showed that 56% of the study samples were anemic, and of the total anemic patients, 54 (35%), 86 (55%) and 16 (10%) had mild, moderate, and severe anemia respectively. Also, of the total anemic patients, 102 (65%) had microcytic type of anemia, 51 (33%) had normocytic anemia and only 3 (2%) had macrocytic anemia. The majority of anemic women (77.6%) had normal RBC counts but low Hct, MCH and MCHC values of 76.3%, 79.5% and 81.4%, respectively. The results showed also that there was no significant difference between the severity of anemia and age groups, occupation, blood pressure, bleeding, and haemorrhoids. However, diabetics showed a significant difference in anemia severity with <0.0004 P-value. The results showed that anemia had become a major public health issue in the study area.

Evaluation of the anti-arthritic activity of Capparis spinosa L. roots extracts incomplete Freund’s adjuvant-induced arthritis in mice.

This study aimed to estimate the ant-arthritic activity of Capparis spinosa L. roots extract in complete Freund’s adjuvant (CFA)-induced arthritis mice by assessment of paw thickness, serological detection of inflammatory markers [rheumatoid factor (RF) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-)] using ELISA, and histopathology. In total, 30 male mice were selected, prepared, and divided equally into five groups, including 2 control (NC and PC)and 3 experimental: EG1 (arthritis mice treated total effective dose of extract), EG2(arthritis mice treated total effective dose of Diclofenac Sodium), and EG3 (arthritis mice treated a half effective dose of each the extract and Diclofenac). Clinically, the extract administration lowered the paw thickness from day 7th onwards, the 21st day of study, while the extract administration lowered the paw thickness in EG1 from day 7th onwards compared to EG2 and EG3. For hematology, significant decreases were reported in RBCs, HCT, Hb, WBCs and neutrophils due to arthritis, and significant amelioration was seen obviously in mice of EG1 as a result of therapy. Significant increases in platelets, lymphocytes and monocytes were observed in PC and experimentally groups, significantly improving the values of treated groups due to therapy, in particular, EG1. All study groups ' values of MCV, MCH, MCHC, basophils and eosinophils have differed insignificantly. Concerning RF, the highest significant value was reported in PC while the lowest in NC, but without significant differences between EG1, EG2 and EG3 values. For TNF-, elevation had been recorded in PC mice, whereas reduction in NC, EG1 and EG3. Also, the value of EG2 was significantly higher than recorded in mice of EG1 and EG3. Concerning histology, the findings of EG1 revealed a significant amelioration compared to other groups. In conclusion, C. spinosa L. root extract demonstrated anti-inflammatory and anti-arthritic activity. Furthermore, studies to detect the therapeutic effects of the root extract on other systemic or local diseases are needed. Keywords: Paw thickness; Rheumatoid factor; Inflammatory markers; Diclofenac Sodium; Iraq

Assessment of cytotoxicity, acute, subacute toxicities and antioxidant activities (in vitro) of Sanghuangporus vaninii crude polysaccharide

Ethnopharmacology relevanceSanghuangporus vaninii (S. vaninii), as a traditional large medicinal fungus, has a history of more than 2000 years in Chinese history and has been widely used to treat female diseases such as vaginal discharge, amenorrhea, and uterine bleeding, and recent pharmacological studies have also found that it has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-tumor physiological activity, which has received more and more attention. Aim of the studyThe objective was to evaluate cytotoxicity and the acute, subacute toxicity, and in vitro antioxidant activity of S. vaninii crude polysaccharide (SVP). Materials and methodsThe monosaccharide composition of SVP was determined by HPLC (high-performance liquid chromatography). The cytotoxicity of different concentrations of SVP on three types of cells (HT-22, Kupffer macrophages, HEK293) was assessed using CCk-8. The acute toxicity in vivo was evaluated for 14 days after the administration of SVP (2500,5000, or 10,000 mg/mL). For the evaluation of subacute toxicity, mice were daily treated for 28 days with SVP (2500,5000, or 10,000 mg/mL). In addition, DPPH, hydroxyl radical, and superoxide anion radical were used to evaluate the in vitro antioxidant activity of SVP. ResultsSVP was not toxic in all three cell lines tested. In vitro antioxidant tests on the extracts showed that SVP possessed a strong antioxidant capacity in vitro. In the acute study, the no-observed-adverse-effect level (NOAEL) in male and female rats was 10，000 mg/kg body weight. There were also no deaths or severe toxicity associated with SVP in subacute studies. However, SVP treatment had a decreasing effect on body weight in mice of both sexes (2500, 5000, and 10000 mg/kg). At doses (5000 and 10,000 mg/kg), SVP had a reduced effect on food intake in both male and female mice. In addition, there were significant effects on organ coefficients of the liver, lung, and kidney. Hematological analysis showed significantly lower LYM (%) values in mice of both sexes, with significantly lower MCH (pg) values obtained in males (5000 mg/kg and 10000 mg/kg) and higher GRAN (%) values in females. In addition, the RDW-SD (fL) values were significantly lower in the male mice given the highest dose. Biochemical tests showed that there were no significant changes in ALT, AST, TP, and Cr levels after SVP treatment. In histopathological analysis, mild liver toxicity was observed in both female mice treated with 10,000 mg/kg SVP. ConclusionThe extract of SVP showed a predominance of polysaccharide compounds, with non-toxic action in vivo. Our approach revealed SVP on the chemical composition and suggests a high margin of safety in the popular use of medicinal fungi. In conclusion, our results suggest that SVP is safe, and can be used as health care products and food.

Hazardous Impact of Coal Dust on Hematological Parameters of Underground Coal Mine Workers

Due to the nature of their work, coal miners have historically faced significant exposure to large amounts of dust, placing them at a heightened risk. The present study was conducted to explore the hazardous effects of inhalation of coal dust on the haematological parameters of underground coal miners. 120 underground coal miners (60 workers having 5-10 years of experience and the other 60 having 10-20 years of experience) and 62 matched non-exposed to coal dust subjects as control from the locality were recruited for the study. After obtaining consent, different physiological parameters were measured, and blood was collected for assessment of haematological parameters. Observations revealed that there were lower mean values of total RBC count, haemoglobin level, MCV, PCV, MCHC and MCH in coal mine workers whereas mean values of Red Cell Distribution Width (RDW) and ESR were increased in the workers group. Further, coal dust exposure causes increased total leucocyte to count as well as a differential count of lymphocyte, neutrophil, monocyte, and eosinophil in the workers group but, a decreased differential count of basophils was detected among coal dust-exposed workers. All the changes in haematological parameters were found to occur experience-dependent and maximum changes were observed in workers having 10-20 years of working experience. There is a significant likelihood of coal mine workers experiencing changes in their blood composition, which suggests the harmful impact of coal dust on this group. Further, haematological parameters will help health professionals to screen any pathologic conditions and may help to prevent coal dust exposure-associated haematological disorders and complications thereof.

Comparative Effect of Chemical and Green Zinc Nanoparticles on the Growth, Hematology, Serum Biochemical, Antioxidant Parameters, and Immunity in Serum and Mucus of Goldfish, Carassius auratus (Linnaeus, 1758).

Recently, nano feed supplement research has great attention to improving healthy aquatic production and improving the aquatic environment. With the aims of the present study, chemical and green synthesized nanoparticles are characterized by various instrumentation analyses, namely UV-Vis spectrophotometry (UV-Vis), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infra-red (FTIR) spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscope (SEM). After characterization analysis of these nanoparticles utilized in aquatic animals, the composition ratio is as follows: controls (without ZnO-NPs (0 mg/L)), T1 (0.9 mg/L ZnO-NPs), T2 (1.9 mg/L ZnO-NPs), T3 (0.9 mg/L GZnO-NPs), T4 (1.9 mg/L GZnO-NPs). SEM investigation report demonstrates that the structure of the surface of green synthesized zinc oxide nanoparticles (GZnO-NPs) was conical shape and the size ranging was from 60 to 70 nm. Concerning hematological parameters, the quantity of hemoglobin increased in different doses of green zinc nanoparticles, but the values of MCV and MCH decreased somewhat. However, this decrease was the highest in the T2 group. Total protein and albumin decreased in T2 and triglyceride, cholesterol, glucose, cortisol, creatinine, and urea increased, while in T3 and T4 groups, changes in biochemical parameters were evaluated as positive. Mucosal and serum immunological parameters in the T2 group showed a significant decrease compared to other groups. In zinc nanoparticles, with increasing dose, oxidative damage is aggravated, so in the T2 group, a decrease in antioxidant enzymes and an increase in MDA were seen compared to other groups. In this regard, the concentration of liver enzymes AST and ALT increased in the T2 group compared with control and other groups. This can confirm liver damage in this dose compared with control and other groups. This research work suggests that green synthesized form of zinc nanoparticles in higher doses have less toxic effectsin comparison to the chemical form of zinc nanoparticles and can act as suitable nutrient supplements in aquatic animals.

Ameliorative Effects of Vitamins C and E on Haematotoxicity and Spleen Histopathology Induced by Dichlorvos Insecticide in Female Wistar Rats

This research aimed to assess the toxicological effects of dichlorvos insecticide (2,2-dichlorovinyl dimethyl phosphate or DDVP) on haematological indices of female Wistar rats and to investigate the antioxidant properties of vitamins C and E in ameliorating haematotoxicity. The rats were divided into 6 groups; control-water, control-oil, dichlorvos group, dichlorvos + vitamin C group, dichlorvos + vitamin E group and dichlorvos + vitamin C + E group. Dichlorvos and vitamins were orally administered to rats with an interval of half an hour between treatments. The control-oil group was given 2 ml corn oil and the control-water group was given water adlib. The treatments were done for 28 consecutive days and blood samples were taken by cardiac puncture. The following haematological parameters were analysed: RBC, WBC, Hb, PCV, MCV, MCH, MCHC and THR. Bone marrow smears were prepared on 14th and 28th days for various blood stem cells evaluation and spleen tissues for histopathology. There was a significant decrease (p ˂ 0.01) in RBC counts, PCV, MCV and MCH values, whereas the WBC, THR counts and MCHC values increased significantly (p ˂ 0.01) in dichlorvos treated rats as compared to the controls and dichlorvos + vitamins co-treated groups. There were no significant differences in blood parameter counts between controls and dichlorvos + vitamins co-treated groups. In the bone marrow smear of the dichlorvos treated group, there was increased number of megakaryocytes and mature neutrophils. In conclusion, findings from the current study revealed that, vitamins C and E supplements were capable of mitigating the haematotoxic effects induced by dichlorvos insecticide in Wistar rats.

Effect of Artesunate on Haematological and Plasma Biochemical Parameters in Female Wistar Rats

This study was designed to investigate effect of artesunate on blood parameters in female rats. Ten female Wistar rats (130 – 150 g) were grouped into control and artesunate (1.43 mg/kg) – treated groups for blood assay. The artesunate was administered orally for 50 days. Hematological assay was carried out using hemocytometer, while biochemical assay was carried out using spectrophotometry. Mean +/- SEM and student’s t-test at p<0.05 were determined. Artesunate (1.43 mg/kg) significantly reduced RBC, platelet and lymphocyte counts when compared to their controls. It also significantly decreased total protein, ALT and ALP values relative to their controls. However, it induced no significant changes in the PCV, Hb, TWBC, neutrophil, monocyte, eosinophil, MCV, MCHC, MCH, albumin, globulin, AST, BUN and creatinine values relative to their controls. Conclusively, it can be suggested that artesunate had both harmful and advantageous effects on blood parameters in female rats.

Molecular basis of a high Hb A2/Hb Fβ-thalassemia trait: a retrospective analysis, genotype-phenotype interaction, diagnostic implication, and identification of a novel interaction with α-globin gene triplication.

β 0-thalassemia deletion removing 5´β-globin promoter usually presents phenotype with high hemoglobin (Hb) A2 and Hb F levels. We report the molecular characteristics and phenotype-genotype correlation in a large cohort of the β 0-thalassemia with 3.4 kb deletion. A total of 148 subjects, including 127 heterozygotes, 20 Hb E-β-thalassemia patients, and a double heterozygote with α-globin gene triplication, were recruited. Hb and DNA analysis were performed to identify thalassemia mutations and four high Hb F single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) including four base pair deletion (-AGCA) at A γ-globin promoter, rs5006884 on OR51B6 gene, -158 G γ-XmnI, BCL11A binding motifs (TGGTCA) between 3´A γ-globin gene and 5´δ-globin gene. It was found that heterozygous β 0-thalassemia and Hb E-β 0-thalassemia with 3.4 kb deletion had significantly higher Hb, hematocrit, mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular hemoglobin and Hb F values as compared with those with other mutations. Co-inheritance of heterozygous β 0-thalassemia with 3.4 kb deletion and α-thalassemia was associated with even higher MCV and MCH values. The Hb E-β 0-thalassemia patients carried a non-transfusion-dependent thalassemia phenotype with an average Hb of around 10 g/dL without blood transfusion. A hitherto undescribed double heterozygous β 0-thalassemia with 3.4 kb deletion and α-globin gene triplication presented as a plain β-thalassemia trait. Most of the subjects had wild-type sequences for the four high Hb F SNPs examined. No significant difference in Hb F was observed between those of subjects with and without these SNPs. Removal of the 5´β-globin promoter may likely be responsible for this unusual phenotype. The results indicate that β 0-thalassemia with 3.4 kb deletion is a mild β-thalassemia allele. This information should be provided at genetic counseling and prenatal thalassemia diagnosis.

Erythrocyte Index and Mentzer Index in Fathers of Thalassemia Patients

Background & Objective Thalassemia is a blood disorder caused by genetic factors that cause the globin chain in hemoglobin to not function normally. It is the most common hereditary disease in the world and in Ciamis Regency in 2021 there were 191 patients. Thalassemia prevention is carried out by screening to identify thalassemia carriers. Hematological examination in the form of erythrocyte index (MCV, MCH, MCHC) and mentzer index has been known to determine thalassemia screening. The purpose of this study was to determine the description of erythrocyte index and mentzer index in thalassemia patient's father. Method The method used in this study is descriptive method. The population in this study were members of POPTI (Parents Association of Thalassemia Patients) Ciamis Regency. The sample in this study were 30 samples. Result Based on the results of the study obtained the results of erythrocyte index (MCV, MCH) low (MCHC) normal and Mentzer index obtained the results of 20 samples (66%) suspected as thalassemia carrier, 5 samples (17%) suspected iron deficiency anemia and according to the reference value there were 5 samples (17%). Conclusion The results of a study conducted on 30 fathers of thalassemia patients showed that 83% of fathers of thalassemia patients had MCV and MCH values below the normal threshold and 73% had normal MCHC values. Furthermore, from the results of the Mentzer index examination, it is known that 66% of the fathers of thalassemia patients are suspected of having minor thalassemia, 17% are suspected of having iron deficiency anemia disorders and 17% have a normal Mentzer index.

Dietary effects of Gmelina arborea × Panicum maximum forages on digestibility and haematological characteristics of rams.

Rams' productivity is integrally hinged on their nutrition/nutrients intake, and performance by these animals is predominantly dependent on dry matter intake. Hence, the experiment aims to evaluate the dietary effects of wilted and silages of Gmelina arborea and Panicum maximum forages at different proportions on nutrient digestibility, performance, blood components and ruminal fermentation characteristics of rams. P. maximum was substituted with G. arborea leaves at 100:0, 70:30 and 60:40, respectively and were allowed to wilt overnight, while equal proportions were ensiled for 2 days, designated as 100P(W), 70P:30G(W), 60P:40G(W), 100P(E), 70P:30G(E) and 60P:40G(E). Thereafter, the diets were fed to thirty West African Dwarf rams (5 rams, randomly allocated into each dietary treatment) for 56 days. Parameters measured included nutrients intake, nitrogen utilization, apparent digestibility, weight change, blood components, volatile fatty acids, rumen pH and temperature. From the results, G. arborea leaves and fermentation as a result of the silage significantly (p<0.05) improved nutrient composition, and invariably, all the parameters assessed. Highest CP (14.02%), DMI (765.06 g/day) and nitrogen retention (84.64%) was recorded for rams fed diet 60P:40G(E). The least acetic (23.69 mmol/100ml) and highest propionic (24.97 mmol/100ml) acid production was also recorded for rams fed 60P:40G (E) which suggests richness of the diet and enacted the activities of rumen microbes for efficient feed utilization. Further, their normal PCV (45%), WBC (13.70×109/L), RBC (14.02×109/L), haemoglobin (13.40 g/dL), MCV (32.10 fl/cell) and MCH (9.56 pg/cell) values indicated the diet is not detrimental to their health. Conclusively, P. maximum could suitably be combined with G. arborea leaves at 60:40 when ensiled, for improved ram production, and it's thus recommended.

ASSESSMENT OF HAEMATOLOGICALAND BIOCHEMICAL PARAMETERS IN PETROL PUMP WORKERS IN AMRITSAR, PUNJAB- A COMPARATIVE STUDY

Petrochemical workers are exposed to many noxious substances present in their work places. The most dangerous effects are due to benzene which is mostly found in petrochemical vapours. The study was carried out in the Pathology department, Govt Medical College, Amritsar. 100 Petrol pump workers from different areas of the city were included as study group and 50 individuals from various departments in Government Medical College, Amritsar, were included as control group. Whole blood samples of the subjects were taken and analysed for complete blood count, liver function tests and renal function tests. The results showed statistically signicant increase in values of hematocrit, MCV, RDW, MPV, AST, ALT, ALP, GGT, Blood Urea, S. Creatinine, S. Uric Acid, Random blood sugar and statistically signicant decrease in values of MCH, MCHC, Platelet count, TSP, DSP with increased duration of exposure and in comparison to controls. However, there is seen statistically signicant increase in Hb, red blood cell count in initial years of exposure with subsequent decrease in their value after increased duration of exposure. There is seen neutropenia and lymphocytosis with PBF examination showing macrocytic RBC picture with no signicant difference in values of TLC, mid cell counts, PDW, PCT, S. Bilirubin (total and direct), S. Na+, PT, PTI with increased duration of exposure. The results of above parameters indicates that exposure to gasoline compounds over a long period of time may be the causative factor of hematotoxicity, hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity.

Effect of Different Anaesthetics on Hematology and Blood Biochemistry of Labeo rohita

The current study aims to determine the effect of four different anesthetics such as MS-222 (100 mg/L), tobacco extract (50 mg/L), propiscin (1.0 ml/L) and clove oil (40 mg/L) on the hematology and blood biochemical parameters of Labeo rohita. Blood was sampled 10 minutes after the anesthesia was administered and again after 24 hours. Except for the clove oil 24h measurements, there was a significant difference in the number of blood cells in all anesthetic applications (P&lt;0.05). Hemoglobin and hematocrit values were not altered after 24 hours of treatment with clove oil and propiscin. MCV, MCH and MCHC values were not significantly affected in any application except clove oil 24h. Biochemical parameters, including total protein and glucose level, significantly changed (P&lt;0.05) in propiscin and clove oil group. Enzymatic activities such as ALT changed significantly with MS-222, and AST values were nonsignificant (P&gt;0.05) with tobacco, Change has been detected in ALP with MS-222 and tobacco calcium and magnesium showed non-significant differences with anesthetics. Overall all the parameters were affected by anesthetics used in the current research, however, it was established that 24 hours following the administration of clove oil, the discrepancies in blood values had vanished to a great extent.

The Effect of Graded Levels of Soya Bean Meal on the Performance, Some Hematological and Physiological Parameters in Broiler Chickens

An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of soya bean meal on broiler performance, some hematological and physiological parameters, using 96 one day old broiler chicks in a completely randomized design with four replicates (24 chicks/ treatment). Four experimental diets were formulated to meet nutrient requirements of the broilers chicks which included different levels of soya bean meal as follow: 0, 1, 3, and 5%. Results showed that significant (p&lt;0.05) improvement of live body weight (kg) was noted in group fed 5% soya bean meal. Body weight gain (kg) increased significantly (P&lt;0.05) in group fed 0% soya bean meal compared to treated groups. Feed conversion ratio (FCR) significantly (P&lt;0.05) improved for group fed 1% soya bean meal. Feed intake was significantly (p&lt;0.05) increased for group fed 3% soya bean meal. RBC, Hemoglobin, MCHC and WBC values were higher for birds received 3% soya bean meal. PCV value was higher for birds received 1% soya bean meal. MCV value was higher for birds received 0% soya bean meal. MCH value was higher for birds received 5% soya bean meal. No significant (P&gt;0.05) differences observed for carcass components. Inclusion of soya bean meal in the diet improves growth performance, blood parameters and serum metabolism.

Examination of the Relationship between Peripheral Inflammation Markers and Impulsivity and Aggression in Schizophrenia Patients Involved and Not Involved in Crime.

The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between peripheral inflammatory markers and aggression and impulsivity in schizophrenia patients with and without criminal histories. The study was conducted with patients with schizophrenia involved in crimes and hospitalized in the Forensic Psychiatry ward of Elazığ Fethi Sekin City Hospital and patients with schizophrenia not involved in crimes and hospitalized in the psychiatry ward of Elazığ Mental Health and Diseases Hospital. All participants completed the Buss-Waren Aggression Scale (BWAS), the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale-11 (BIS-11), and the Positive and Negative Symptom Scale (PANSS). Before treatment, venous blood samples were taken for laboratory measurements on the first day of hospitalization. All participants were male. The mean age of those involved in a crime was 39 ± 9.7 years, while the mean age of those not involved in a crime was 41.2 ± 10.7 years. The PANSS all subscale and total scores of the patients with schizophrenia who were involved in a crime were significantly higher than the group who were not involved (p values were p < 0.001, p = 0.001, p = 0.043, p = 0.001, respectively). The BWAS-physical aggression (p = 0.007) and total scores of the scale (p = 0.046) and BIS-11-inability to plan (p = 0.002) scores of the group involved in a crime were higher than the group not involved. As for laboratory parameters, MCH, MCHC, PDW, eosinophils, basophils, RDW-CV, and RDW-SD values were significantly higher in those involved in crime, while MPV, creatinine, albumin, and LDH values were lower. CRP and CRP/albumin values were significantly higher, while neutrophil/albumin values were significantly lower in those who committed murder in the first degree than those who committed other crimes. Based on our results, we found that inflammatory agents were significantly increased in forensic schizophrenia patients with high aggression scores. Significant correlations between some inflammatory factors and impulsivity and aggression scores and differences in these factors according to crime types showed that these factors might be related to violence and criminal behavior. There is a need for further large-scale studies on this subject at different stages of the disease.

Gambaran Hipokromasi Eritrosit dan Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin (MCH) pada Penderita Ginjal Kronis di RSUD Kraton Kabupaten Pekalongan

The prevalence of Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) in Indonesia in 2013-2018 has increased from 0.2% to 0.38%. Patients with CKD have low erythropoietin, so that the production of erythrocytes is disrupted and causes anemia. Anemia in CKD includes the type of normocytic-normochromic. Hypochromic occurs because iron reserves cannot be used in the process of erythropoiesis, resulting in decreased synthesis of hemoglobin. Erythrocytes will appear pale on the peripheral blood smear. Hypochromic is clinically associated with iron deficiency anemia. Changes in the color of the erythrocytes also indicate a state of immaturity of the cells, which causes erythrocyte hypochromacy. This study aims to determine MCH levels and erythrocyte hypochromatous abnormalities in patients with chronic kidney disease on hemodialysis therapy at Kraton Hospital, Pekalongan Regency. The research method used is descriptive, namely the type of research that describes the phenomenon of the object under study in the form of a narrative. The results of the analysis of the MCH values in the normal category were 25 samples (71.4%), the MCH values in the low category were 10 (28.6%). There were 9 samples (25.7%) of mild hypochromacy in the mild hypochromic category, 15 (42.9%) of moderate hypochromic category, 11 (31.4%) of severe hypochromic category. So it can be concluded that the MCH values in the normal category are more than in the low category and hypocracy in the moderate category is more than mild and severe hypochromacy.

The Effect Of Administration Of Ferous Sulfas On Iron Deficiency Anemia And Iron Deficiency Anemia With Stunting Aged 6 – 72 Months In Pandeglang, Banten And Its Review From Islamic View

Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is the most significant factor indicating low public health. Iron deficiency can cause disturbances or obstacles to growth, so that is related to stunting. Giving iron preparations is one of the efforts to reduce the incidence of IDA. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the impact of iron supplementation on ADB and ADB with stunting aged 6-72 months. Al-Qur'an it emphasizes the importance to pay attention inhealth, one of themis by trying to seek treatment. This type of research uses a quasi-experimental method with a One-Group Pretest-Postest research design and taking samples with total sampling. The sample of this study was 30 toddlers aged 6-72 months in Kadugadung, Pandeglang, Banten.Based on the results of the study, after supplementation there was an increase in height (p &lt; 0.05), Hb, MCV, MCH and Ferritin values (p&gt; 0.05). However, MCHC levels did not show an increase (p&gt;0.05). Based on bivariate analysis using the chi-square on the relationship between ADB and stunting (p &gt; 0.05). Giving iron supplementation to children with ADB has a significant impact on Hemoglobin, MCV, MCH, Ferritin levels and stunting. However, there is no significant relationship between IDA and the incidence of stunting in children aged 6 - 72 months in Pandeglang, Banten. According to Islam, paying attention to health is one of the important things in maintaining benefit, one of them by consuming nutritious food as a iron supplementation in children with ADB and stunting.

Effect of Moringa oleifera Leaf Powder on Hematological Profile of Male Wistar Rats.

Indonesia is a country with high biodiversity of more than 20,000 plant species, and 35% of them are identified as having health benefits. Moringa oleifera is one plant that almost all of its parts have been used as nutritional supplements and traditional medicines. Moringa leaves contain nutrients, antioxidants, and bioactive substances that have anti-inflammatory, wound healing, and anti-anemia properties. This study aimed to investigate the hematological effect of Moringa leaf powder in male Wistar rats under normal conditions. Twenty-four male Wistar rats strain (Rattus norvegicus) 9-10 weeks old and 250-275 grams were divided into four groups (n=6), normal as a control group and three other groups were given Moringa leaf powder at doses 200, 400, and 800 mg/kgBW during 12 weeks. Blood samples at week 12 were administered to determine blood count. The results of this study showed differences between the various doses of Moringa leaf powder for each hematological profile. These differences were more significant for MCH parameters that indicated a decrease in the D800 group compared with the control group. In conclusion, this study revealed that the consumption of Moringa leaf powder for 12 weeks did not have a significant change in the hematological profile, except for the MCH value that revealed a modification.