Maysan Province Research Articles

Potential Water Harvesting Sites Identification Using Spatial Multi-Criteria Evaluation in Maysan Province, Iraq

Rainwater harvesting is a promising tool for supplementing surface water and groundwater to overcome the imbalance between water supply and demand under changing climate conditions. Multi-Criteria Evaluation is one of the well-known methods of decision-making. In this study, the geographical information system (GIS)-based Multi-Criteria Evaluation is used to select the optimum rainwater harvesting sites in Maysan province, Iraq. Fuzzy membership is used for standardization of the criteria, and Fuzzy Gamma overlay for a combination of multi-layers using ArcGIS 10.5. Seven criteria layers, including slope, stream order, soil type, precipitation, evaporation, roads, and the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) are derived to identify rainwater-harvesting catchment. The results determined the optimum sites for water storage within the study area. The resultant potential rainwater harvesting catchment map can be used as a reference to enhance the effectiveness of water management, especially in drought-stricken areas that offer significant potential for sustainable agricultural production in the semi-arid region.

Develop a methodology for evaluation of the environmental sensitivity areas to desertification in the Maysan Province, Iraq

Systematic studies have been conducted in the present work to develop a methodology for evaluation of the environmental sensitivity areas to desertification. The area selected for the study is the Maysan Governorate which is located in the southern eastern part of Iraq. The methodology involves use of an integrated approach comprised of data generated from remote sensing assisted by population data, climatic factors, field survey and available previous studies. All data were classified and integrated in GIS environments to develop a model using a mathematical overlapping weights. This model is theoretically based on the relationship between a number of indicators directly related to the effect of desertification, namely Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Normalized difference Water index (NDWI), Salinity Index (SI), Eolin Mapping Index (EMI), population data and climate factors. Weights have been giving by expert’s scientists for each indicator and within the class-specific index and classes with the help of ArcGIS and the Raster Calculator toolbox. Thus, a possible map of sensitivity areas to desertification in Maysan provenance desertification was obtained. Based on the analysis of this map the entire area divided into five possible sensitive grades, which are highly sensitive, high, moderate, low and very low. It is noted that the area affected or highly sensitive to desertification is located in the north and west of the study area due to the presence of sand dunes and salinity, while desertification decreases towards the city center because of the increase in rainfall and abundant vegetation.

An Estimation for the Association between the C–RP Tests and RF Tests of Rheumatoid Condition Patients with their Demographic Data. In Maysan Province, Iraq

The present study aims to achieve the following objectives to assessment rheumatic arthritis patients in Maysan Governorate, an influence of the gender and age on the rheumatic arthritis and an effectiveness of the geographical areas (urban,rural) on the incidence of rheumatic. The data were collected between the (January to August 2016)Al-Sadder Teaching hospital in Maysan province and the total number of serum samples were (314).The study’s data were analyzed through the use of Statistical processing, with program SPSS 20.0, Sigma Stat 2.03, Sigma Plot 2000, Med Calc and Excel 2010 and the blood samples were collected from patients aged (13–61years) (for both genders) and also from different areas in Maysan governorate, all blood samples were collected from people suspected having arthritis due to they had symptoms of diseases with pain,the rheumatic factor and C–reactive protein (CRP)were evaluated by latex agglutination test. The data analysis revealed that the majority of the patients about 27.4% in the study samples at age group (31-40 year. The chi-squared distribution is applied in hypothesis testing and to a minimum range for confidence intervals for population difference when the underlying distribution is normal.

Detection of ESBLsCTX-M Gene of E.coli Isolated from Clinical Cases in Maysan Province

Detection of ESBLsCTX-M Gene of E.coli Isolated from Clinical Cases in Maysan Province

Estimation of Erythromycin and inducible Clindamycin Resistance in Saphylococcus aureus Isolated from Clinical Cases

Staphylococcus aureus is an important human pathogen. It is one of the common of both endemic and epidemic infections acquired in hospitals which result in substantial morbidity and mortality. S.aureus causing 50% or more of hospital-acquired S.aureus infections in several countries andcould cause life-threatening infections when mucosal or cutaneous barriers are broken. This study aims to determine the Erythromycin and inducible Clindamycin phenotypic and genotypic resistance, and the estimation prevalence of Erm A gene among the identified S.aureus in Maysan Province. A total of 300 samples were taken from patients suffering from different clinical infections during a period continued from October 2018 till March 2019. The samples were routinely cultivated and confirmed by using standard laboratory techniques where (103) were identified as S.aurues. The results of Erythromycin resistance and Clindamycin were 62 (60.1%) and 41 (39.8%) respectively. While the result of D-test appeared that 12 (11.6%) were positive to D-test whilst resistance to both Erythromycin and Clindamycin (R phenotype) was 15(14.5%)and sensitivity to both Erythromycin and Clindamycin (S phenotype) was 23 (22.5%). The result of Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) revealed that 100 (97%) of S.aureus were carried the ErmA gene. So the study went to concluded the high rates of prevalence of Erm A gene among identified S.aureus as comparing with phenotypic results which in turn lead to reduce the chance of available treatment especially through the intensive care units.

Effect of Adding a Different Level of Bentonite on Arabi Lamb Performance and Nutrients Digestibility

This study was conducted in one of the private fields in Maysan province to study the effect of adding a different level of bentonite to the lamb diets on the performance of lambs. The study included (18) male Arabi lambs weighted 24.5±1.22 kg and lasted 120 days. Lambs were taken after weaning at the age of 3 to 4 months. They were randomly divided into six groups. The diet was provided on the basis of 3% of live body weight. The diets of the trial included (A) a basic diet of 50% concentrated fodder + 50 alfalfa without any addition. (B) A plus 2% bentonite/ dry matter. (C) A plus 4% bentonite/ dry matter. Treatment (D) a diet of 100% concentrated feed + hay ad libitum (basic diet 2) and without any addition. (E) D plus 2% bentonite. (F) D plus 4% bentonite. The diet significantly affected the average final weight and total weight gain in favor of lambs fed treatment D (100% concentrated feed) with average final weight and total weight gain 46.57 and 22.11 kg, respectively. The addition of bentonite improved the rates of the rate of total weight gain is 17.71, 20.85 and 19.50 kg without adding and adding bentonite (2%) and bentonite (4%), respectively. The diet significantly affected the digestion rate of DM, OM, CP, EE, and NDF. Their digestion coefficients of 100% concentrate group were (75.98, 80.70, 80.09, 65.31 and 31.67%, respectively). 50% concentrated fodder (70.26, 71.53, 76.22, 45.47 and 27.36%, respectively).

Static and Time History Earthquake Analysis of LPG Spherical Steel Tanks in Iraq

Spherical storage tanks are widely used in Iraq for store hazardous liquid petroleum gas LPG which, thus it must be adequately designed for seismic actions. This paper present static and time history analysis of LPG tanks in Iraq using UBC97 code. The time history analysis accomplished by using three artificial earthquakes generated using SIMQKE_GR program in additional to El Centro earthquake records scaled according to PGA. The investigations were performed on the tank in Maysan province which was selected to be representative the other tanks in Iraq due to recently seismic activity in Maysan. The study comprised finite element modeling using STAAD Pro program for the estimation of the dynamic and static responses of the tank structure. The study is performed for both conditions of empty tank and at operating with 100% fill of LPG. The description of the properties and allowable stresses LPG tank used in Iraq is presented. Its concluded that time history analysis govern the tank behavior. The dynamic magnification factor of 1.4 for displacements and stresses was obtained which reflect the importance of dynamic analysis. The stresses of columns and sphere are within allowable limits except at sphere/column connection which slightly exceed the allowable limit, while the stresses in diagonal bracings are exceed the yielding limit thus double angle section is inadequate

Forecasting mortality patterns of thalassaemia major patients in Iraq by using VAR model and reasons for this mortality

The vector autoregression model (VAR) is a natural extension of the univariate autoregressive model dynamic multivariable time series. It is one of the most successful, flexible, and easy to use models for the analysis of multivariable time series. The VAR model has proved to be particularly useful describing the dynamic behaviour of economic and financial time series and forecasting. Often it provides superior forecasts to those of time-series models and univariate and detailed forecasts, based on the theory of simultaneous equation models. Expectations of VAR models are very flexible because they can be conditioned on possible paths for the future in the form of specific variables. In addition to describing the data and forecasting, the VAR model is used to deduce structural and policy analysis. This study used the VAR model for forecasting the number of deaths in patients with thalassemia in Maysan province in southern Iraq, and also addressed the causes of these deaths. There was a strong relationship between mortality in thalassemia patients and an increase in the proportion of iron and the highest number of deaths was recorded for patients who had a very high proportion of iron. It was „the most important cause of mortality (Cardiac disease, infections, the liver, the spleen).

Epidemiological Study of Prevalence of Balantidium Coli among Children Inflicted with Diarrhea in Missan Governorate; for the First Time in Missan

Background: Parasite Balantididae coli is the only kind of Alhdbeat pathogenic to humans, where infects the large intestine and causes ulcers in different regions. Objectives: The study aims to determine the prevalence of the parasite called the stages and find a relationship between injury to Balantidium Coli and the demographic information of the infected children Methodology: The collection of 138 stool samples from children by accident and through routine testing in the civil laboratories and age of infected children ranged from (6 months-10 years) and from different areas of the province of Missansamples were examined within an hour after collection and using the swab direct wet stool samples direct stool examination and dyed using Lugol`s Iodine. Results: The results showed the injury (7) parasite Balantididae coli and (5%) of all children screened, the highest infection rate recorded in the ages between (12-6) months and by 4 (8.8%), while the lowest rate of injury for the ages between (5 3) years, and did not record any injury between the ages (10-6) years. The study showed a difference of infection rates between the ages when the level of significance (P <0.05).The study showed no significant differences for child sex on the incidence of the parasite rate, the highest infection parasite had been recorded in the Amil neighborhood (3 cases), have been diagnosed with active and mutant developed Almtkis parasite Balantididae coli in the feces of rats were taken from the Amil district area. Conclusion: recorded this study, the presence of injuries parasite Balantididae coli for the first time in the province of Maysan, so we believe that the arrivals, especially from East Asia (employment) with operating in the province companies probably are the main factor for the spread of the parasite also that the presenceof the headquarters of these companies near residential neighborhoods It may have a role in the transmission of the parasite through water sanitation systems and sewage as well as by rats that are AmadaivKhasenh for Qrabiyat coli. Recommendations: develop a comprehensive action plan to identify, recruit and prevent the spread of the parasite in the Maysan province conducting tests arrivals from East Asia with companies operating in the province are probably the main factor for the spread of the parasite.

The Effect of chlorine on giardia cyst destruction isolated from different water sources in Maysan province

<p>G. lamblia was a binucleate flagellated protozoan parasite that infected the upper intestinal tract of human and many animal species. Giardiasis was the most frequently diagnosed water borne disease and the major public health concern of water utilities in the developed and developing nations. Water is an important vehicle for the transmission of Giardia to human and mammals. For identified the effect of chlorine on Giardia cyst. To detect viability of cyst in different chlorine concentration. To determine the threshold level of chlorine concentration that caused cyst destruction. Measure the pH, chlorine concentration, filtration processes and examined by zinc sulfate centrifugal flotation technique using. 50% of samples contain Giardia cysts which are untreated water sources. Cyst viability differs in different chlorine concentration in different period of time extend from few hours to more than twenty days. The extreme chlorine concentration which caused cyst destruction in hours is 1.5 mg/L.</p>

A Qualitative Study of Epiphytic Algae (Diatom) on Some Aquatic Plants in Al-Auda Marshes Within Maysan Province / Southern Iraq

The study conducted on the compositions of epiphytic diatoms on three taxa of aquatic plants were selected (Phragmites australis Trin ex stand , Ceratophyllum demersum L. and Typha domengensis Pers) in three sites within Al-Auda Marsh, from autumn 2013 to summer 2014 . The study was measured physical and chemical factors of all the study sites, such as: air temperature, power of hydrogen (pH), electrical conductivity (EC), salinity (S‰), total hardness(TH), dissolved oxygen (DO), and plant nutrient. The results showed that water of marsh was oxygenated and it was very hard. A total of 111 taxa of phytoplankton were identified, which belonged to 13 families and 26 genus (one family and two genus of centric diatoms, 12 families and 26 genus of pennate diatoms). One of the diatoms taxa was recorded in the present study is new to Iraqi flora,the new record of diatom include one taxa of Achnanthidiaceae family (Achnanthes exigua var. constricta ). The results showed that epiphytic diatoms community have a moderate diversity according to the Shannon-Weaver Index, which ranged between (0.24-2.57).

A Qualitative Study of Epiphytic Algae (Diatom) on Some Aquatic Plants in Al-Auda Marshes Within Maysan Province / Southern Iraq

The study conducted on the compositions of epiphytic diatoms on three taxa of aquatic plants were selected (Phragmites australis Trin ex stand , Ceratophyllum demersum L. and Typha domengensis Pers) in three sites within Al-Auda Marsh, from autumn 2013 to summer 2014 . The study was measured physical and chemical factors of all the study sites, such as: air temperature, power of hydrogen (pH), electrical conductivity (EC), salinity (S‰), total hardness(TH), dissolved oxygen (DO), and plant nutrient. The results showed that water of marsh was oxygenated and it was very hard. A total of 111 taxa of phytoplankton were identified, which belonged to 13 families and 26 genus (one family and two genus of centric diatoms, 12 families and 26 genus of pennate diatoms). One of the diatoms taxa was recorded in the present study is new to Iraqi flora,the new record of diatom include one taxa of Achnanthidiaceae family (Achnanthes exigua var. constricta ). The results showed that epiphytic diatoms community have a moderate diversity according to the Shannon-Weaver Index, which ranged between (0.24-2.57).