Maximum Weightage Research Articles

Identification and evaluation of determinants of sustainable manufacturing: a case of Indian cement manufacturing

This paper aims to identify and examine the determinants for sustainable manufacturing in cement manufacturing industry in India. Further, the study examines the causal relationship between different indicators of sustainable manufacturing.,Author (s) have identified and extracted the key dimensions of sustainable manufacturing from literature. After identification of the key dimensions, analytic hierarchy process (AHP) is used to finalize the weights and further DEMATEL is used to understand the causal relationship between key dimensions.,Findings from AHP provide the weightage to the all 13 indicators of sustainable manufacturing. From AHP, it is identified that material cost has maximum weightage, whereas material consumption has minimum weightage. From DEMATEL, it is evident that occupational health safety and safety has maximum influencing variables, whereas air emission does not have any influencing variables.,The approach adopted in the study will help firms to identify the weightage of key dimensions and further the interdependency can be developed to understand the causal relationship between different indicators of sustainable manufacturing.

Analysis of Undergraduate Pharmacology Written (SAQ) Question of Different Universities in Bangladesh

Background: Undergraduate medical education aims at sculpting the future physicians. Knowledge gained from here will help them to act effectively when they will face different medical problem in future. It is necessary to ensure that students learn what is important and thus it is very important to assess them with right question in the examination.Methods: This is a retrospective analytical study involving evaluation of 2nd professional MBBS pharmacology written (SAQ) questions held in four universities (Dhaka, Chittagong, Sylhet shahjalal and Rajshahi) of Bangladesh. Written (SAQ) question from July 2008 to July 2016 were analyzed for content coverage, type of question, educational objectives as per 2002 curriculum.Results: Total 56 written questions were analyzed. Each question contains 24 items SAQ arranged in four groups. On the basis of content coverage chemotherapeutic (19%), CNS (16%), GP (15%) and ANS(10%) are the maximum weightage of content area. Some aspect which are clinically important but less practiced in written examination are GIT, respiratory, renal, hemopoietics, lipid lowering agents and miscellaneous. Though the entire question should be SAQ type but some (4%) portion of question became essay type and short notes (5-10%) also common. Most of the questions were recall (90%) type, problem solving questions only 2%.Conclusion: It can be concluded that assessment instrument should be based on structured guidelines to improve the quality of question. To maintain consistency among different university periodic analysis of written questions, test blue printing and table of specification may be used.J Shaheed Suhrawardy Med Coll, June 2017, Vol.9(1); 13-17

Comparative evaluation of GIS-based landslide susceptibility mapping using statistical and heuristic approach for Dharamshala region of Kangra Valley, India

BackgroundThe Dharamshala region of Kangra valley, India is one of the fastest developing Himalayan city which is prone to landslide events almost around the year. The development is going on a fast pace which calls for the need of landslide susceptibility zonation studies in order to generate maps that can be used by planners and engineers to implement the projects at safer locations. A landslide inventory was developed for Dharamshala with help of the field observations. Based on field investigations and satellite image studies eight casual factors viz. lithology, soil, slope, aspect, fault buffer, drainage buffer, road buffer and land cover were selected to represent the landslide problems of the study area. The research presents the comparative assessment of geographic information system based landslide susceptibility maps using analytical hierarchy process and frequency ratio method. The maps generated have been validated and evaluated for checking the consistency in spatial classification of susceptibility zones using prediction rate curve, landslide density and error matrix methods.ResultsThe results of analytical hierarchy process (AHP) shows that maximum factor weightage results from lithology and soil i.e. 0.35 and 0.25. The frequency ratios of the factor classes indicate a strong correlation of Dharamsala Group of rock (value is 1.28) with the landslides which also agrees with the results from the AHP method where in the same lithology has the maximum weightage i.e. 0.71. The landslide susceptibility zonation maps from the statistical frequency ratio and heuristic analytical hierarchy process method were classified in to five classes: very low susceptibility, low susceptibility, medium susceptibility, high susceptibility and very high susceptibility. The landslide density distribution in each susceptibility class shows agreement with the field conditions. The prediction rate curve was used for assessing the future landslide prediction efficiency of the susceptibility maps generated. The prediction curves resulted the area under curve values which are 76.77% for analytical hierarchy process and 73.38% for frequency ratio method. The final evaluation of the susceptibility maps was based on the error matrix approach to calculate the area distributed among the susceptibility zones of each map. This technique resulted in assessing the spatial differences and agreement between both the susceptibility maps. The evaluation results show 70% overall spatial similarity between the resultant landslide susceptibility maps.ConclusionsHence it can be concluded that, the landslide susceptibility map (LSM) generated from the AHP and frequency ratio method have yielded good results as the 100% landslide data falls in the high susceptibility and very high susceptibility classes of both the maps. Also, the spatial agreement of almost 70% between the resultant maps increases the reliability on the results in the present study. Therefore, the LSM generated from AHP method with 76.77% landslide prediction efficiency can be used for planning future developmental sites by the area administration.

Expectation of participants in national dairy fair of India: A complete itemization by multivariate analysis

For the sustainability and continuity of national level fair, expectation analysis is very much crucial and so at ICAR-NDRI, it was investigated in detail. Expectation analysis is widely analyzed in medical science sector but is usually ignored in agricultural research. Randomly selected farmers (60) out of participants (225) were taken for the present study. Participants responded in favour of the statements pertaining to infrastructural facilities, awards and recognition provided during the fair. Vast majority of the respondents (more than 9/10th) had medium to high expectation level from National Dairy Fair. Data on 12 variables were evaluated by using 2 multivariate statistical techniques, viz. principal component analysis (PCA) and standardized multivariate regression analysis (SMRA) method. Consequently, PCA yielded three components, which were named as, socio-economic motivational factor (PC 1), family-asset factor (PC 2), and educational factor (PC 3), and these factors explained 72.05% variance in the dataset. The findings of the (SMRA) method revealed that ‘awards and recognition received’, education, milk production, herd size, extension contact and ‘mass media exposure’ got the maximum weightage and had direct effect on expectation level of the respondents. The study implied that even the minutest expectation of the participants must be given utmost importance as participants act as ambassadors of national agricultural fairs, in their respective villages. Moreover, the present research will act as precedent for further research to measure expectation and study factors influencing it in the similar setup.

Analysis of undergraduate pharmacology question papers at Goa medical college as regards to their content areas

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Undergraduate medical education aims at sculpting the future physicians. Knowledge gained during this period helps the physician to deal with human ailments and thus human life. It is necessary to ensure that students learn what is important and thus it is very important to ask the right questions in the examinations.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> This is a retrospective analytical study involving evaluation of university theory examination question papers of pharmacology of II<sup>nd</sup> MBBS at our institute. Question papers from the year 2000 to 2016 were analyzed for weightage to content areas as regards to the syllabus. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Autonomic nervous system (25.28%) and cardiovascular system (22.30%) in paper I and chemotherapy (33.50%) and central nervous system (23.76%) in paper II are the maximum weightage content areas. Some aspects which are of clinical importance remained uncovered in a few papers, example: autacoids, kidney, gastrointestinal tract, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, miscellaneous.</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> For consistency of validity in the assessment, we suggest that it should be based on structured guidelines. Methods like test blueprinting and table of specifications may be used.</p>

Principal Component Analysis of Growth and Biomass Characteristics for Different Progenies ofUlmus villosaBrandis

The present study was carried out in order to find out the most important character contributing towards genetic variability in 30 Ulmus villosa progenies on the basis of principal component analysis. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was carried out taking 10 important parameters, proved useful in extracting the most important factors. Three principal components contributed 84.62% of total variance. First principal component contributed 40.97% of total variation whereas the second component accounted for 24.93% variation and the third explains 18.72% of variation. In the first PCA high loadings for traits such as shoot fresh weight (0.853), shoot dry weight (0.843), collar diameter (0.764) and plant height (0.736) represented those which are important for selection and further improvement of the species. The study revealed that maximum weightage should be given to fresh shoot weight due to its maximum variable loading for the initial selection of progenies for the biomass improvement of the species.

Modeling and Optimization of Cutting Parameters in Dry Turning of Inconel 718 Using Coated Carbide Inserts

This work presents a statistical approach for optimization of dry turning parameters of Inconel 718. Based on Taguchi's L9 orthogonal array, turning experiments were carried out at various levels of cutting parameters to evaluate the performance measures such as cutting force, surface roughness and tool wear. The turning operations were carried out in a medium duty lathe machine with PVD coated carbide cutting insert. The optimal cutting conditions were determined using the Taguchi's Signal to Noise (S/N) ratio which was calculated for Ra, Rt, Rz and Fz according to the “smaller-the-better” criteria. Tool wear was analyzed using scanning electron micrograph. The statistical analysis of results using ANOVA reveals that feed rate and depth of cut has maximum weightage for affecting the responses. The mathematical model for the individual responses has been developed using regression analysis as a function of the cutting parameters as independent variables. The developed regression model shows a high determination coefficient i.e., R2 = 0.912 for Ra, Rt, 0.943 for Rz and 0.882 for Fz which proves the model accuracy. The predicted value from the developed model and experimental values are found to be very close to each other justifying the significance of the model. Confirmation experiments were conducted on the optimum cutting conditions to illustrate the effectiveness of Taguchi's optimization technique.

Voltage Controlled Reconfigurable Logic Computation in Single Electron Encoded Logics

The reconfigurable logic gates and adder-subtractor units using linear threshold gate have been proposed based on single electron box. In the proposed work, voltage control for reconfiguration has been used for realizing the reconfigurable logic structure in non inverting approach without buffer. The concept of electron encoded logic realizes the logic behaviour by controlling the gate threshold to the desired value. The voltage controlled electron encoded logic exploits the importance of the bias voltage to be the effective control for threshold gate adjustment; it enhances the feature of flexibility and re-configurability and does not require external buffers. In the proposed approach the maximum weightage is given to the bias voltage, this enables single and adequate control to realize various functions that enable the reconfigurable nature. This paper explains the design of voltage controlled Single electron encoded logic based reconfigurable logic gates and full adder/subtractor architecture. The performances are verified by simulation and also analyzed in terms of area, gate delay and energy consumption.

Discriminant function analysis for opium and seed yield in opium poppy (Papaver somniferum L.)

Opium poppy (Papaver somniferum L.) is an important medicinal plant of pharmacopoel uses. Opium latex and its derivatives are used in different medicines as analgesic, narcotic, sedative, sudorific, hyponitic, antispasmodic, ant diarrhea and cough etc. Genetic improvement in opium and seed yield, component breeding is important and selection based on multiple characters is more beneficial in developing desired plant types. Therefore the present study was made on group of 22 strains of opium poppy to find out variability and suitable selection indices for opium and seed yield. Heritability in broad sense was high for capsule weight/plant, plant height, capsule length, stem diameter and opium yield. The discriminant functions based on single character were less efficient while on the basis of combination it was in general more efficient. The comparison of different functions revealed that capsule weight/plant, capsule length, plant height are major yield component and thus practicing selection for attainment of high opium and seed yield lines, maximum weight age could be given to these characters. The positive association of opium yield and seed yield suggested that by adopting suitable component breeding and selection, a dual-purpose variety (opium and seed yield) may be developed.

Correlation and path coefficient analysis in pointed gourd

Correlation studies in 25 genotypes of pointed gourd revealed that fruit yield had a positive correlation with vines per plant and fruits per plant. In general, genotypic correlation coefficients were higher than the corresponding phenotypic correlation coefficients suggesting that the environmental influence reduces the relationship between yield and yield contributing characters of pointed gourd. Path coefficient analysis showed that fruits per plant had direct positive effects on fruit yield. This indicates that this character was the major contributor to fruit yield. Therefore, maximum weightage should be given to this character for improvement of yield in pointed gourd. Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 32(2) 2007: 261-268.

Feedback System for Performance Appraisal of Teachers in Technical Institutes

The role of teachers in technical institution is many fold. This can be fulfilled and justified only if the teachers are responsive and they understand the seriousness of teaching and the other duties in an institute. It is necessary that the teacher should know what is expected of him, how much is expected of him and what happens if he does better or worse than the expectation. Every teacher will be able to spell out clearly about his research activities publications, projects, consultancy. students activities, but no teacher will be able to say concretely on quality of, his/her teaching in the class room. Class room teaching and interaction with the students is very important aspect of the teachers study which has to be given the maximum weightage in the performance appraisal system. For this purpose each institute has to constitute a feed back unit with a very senior facility and reputed Professor as the head of that unit. A group of students of each course of class are to be invited for the feedback of the teachers about their teaching capacity and other related qualities, Students are the best judge for assessing the teachers performance in class room as it is the students in class who are involved while teachers are teaching.