A small area of 3.1 km 2 in the Norwegian Trench has been selected for a detailed analysis of possible relationships between the Recent geology and the formation of pockmarks. Two sets of side-scan sonar and deep-towed boomer (DTS) data were used for the analysis. The most recent deposit is Unit 1, consisting of finely layered soft, silty clays. Unit 1 has been divided into three seismic subunits (1A, 1B and 1C), based upon the boomer records. The underlying Unit 2 is seismically homogeneous, consisting of stiff, silty, sandy clay with fragments of chalk. Most of the irregularities in the surface of Unit 2 are found to be furrows traversing the study area in a N—S general direction. The seabed is heavily pockmarked (mean density: 30/km 2) and some of the pockmarks are asymmetric with steep ESE walls. The maximum pockmark depth within the study area is 5.8 m, and the maximum wall angle is about 12°. In addition to describing the Recent geology and surface pockmarks the following features are described and their relationship with pockmark formation discussed: (1) “sloping reflectors”, found below some of the pockmarks; (2) “columnar disturbances”, seen under many of the buried pockmarks; and (3) “masked reflectors”, intermittent strong reflectors found within Subunit 1A, which are probably caused by a raised gas concentration in porous layers. Pockmarks and associated features are assumed to be caused by gas escaping through the seabed. A possible gas migration mechanism through the interface between Units 1 and 2 and through Unit 1 is also discussed.