Maximum Voltage Value Research Articles

Clean energy production and wastewater treatment by Exophiala dermatitidis: first findings

A single-chamber microbial fuel cell (MFC) was constructed to evaluate the capacity of Exophiala dermatitidis EXF-8193 as an electron-donor microorganism. The working electrodes were made of unidirectional carbon fiber and the voltage generation was evaluated for 120h. The maximum voltage value reached was 176mV after 93hours of operation. At the same time, the degradation of the Basic Blue 9 (BB9) was studied and a 70% decolorization was achieved in 120h. Optimization studies were conducted to maximize the electrical energy produced. In the first stage, the individual influence of the variables: carbon source, shape and area of the anode was analyzed. It was obtained that glucose, a T-shaped anode and an anodic area of 12 cm2 provided the best voltage values, generating 175.8 ± 0.57mV, 175.8 ± 0.57mV and 310.53 ± 1.22mV, respectively. In the second stage of the investigation, multiparametric optimization was carried out using the Response Surface Methodology (RSM) with a Box Behnken experimental design. A second-order model was the best fit, with R2 = 91.7. Finally, the MFC operation was optimized, with 284mV being the most favorable voltage when the cell is operated maintaining the optimal conditions for each parameter.

Design Of A Main Substation Grounding System Based On Variations In Area and Number Of Electrodes

The function of the grounding system is to limit the voltage between equipment and the ground and neutralize the voltage that arises at the ground surface due to fault currents flowing in the ground. An unsafe grounding system can disrupt system reliability and human safety in the substation area. This research aims to simulate the design of a substation grounding system with the influence of variations in location and number of electrodes installed in grids and rods in swampy soil conditions with different soil resistivity values. The impact of these parameters is on the resistance value, touch voltage, and step voltage at a weight of 70 kg by using the CYMGRD application as a medium to see the effectiveness and optimization of whether the substation grounding system with variations in the outside area and variations in the number of electrode rods meets the requirements without exceeding safe limits on systems or humans. This grounding system design is designed for two cases, namely case 1: the maximum touch voltage and maximum step voltage values exceed the permitted touch voltage and maximum step voltage, so conditions like this are included in the criteria for being unsafe and can endanger personnel in the field. Case 2: the touch voltage and step voltage values are smaller than the permitted touch voltage and step voltage values, so this design is included in safe conditions and meets the criteria for a good and safe grounding system.

An eco-friendly approach for bioelectricity production through microbial fuel cell using Musa acuminata as waste biomass

With the increasing population and industrialization, the demand of electricity is increasing day-by-day and high energy demands have adverse effects on fossil fuels consumption. The sustainable development goal (SDG) 7 focuses on green energy. Due to this, global attention is shifted from conventional sources to non conventional energy sources such as solar energy, wind energy, waste biomass, etc. This work explores the feasibility of a microbial fuel cell for bio-electricity production. The effect of different catholytes on bio electricity production is assessed. This research includes the fabrication of a H-shaped double chambered microbial fuel cell using two containers of 2 L each. Both the containers were connected with an agar salt bridge. The bioelectricity was produced from banana peel waste using potassium dichromate and potassium ferricyanide as catholyte and zinc rod and copper plate as electrodes. With potassium dichromate, the maximum value of voltage and current was found as 0.20 V and 0.112 mA respectively, while in case of potassium ferricyanide the maximum voltage and current obtained was 0.42 V and 0.55 mA respectively at 0.1 M concentration of catholyte. Substrates like glucose (10 % by weight) and sodium acetate (5 % by weight) was added in the banana peel slurry so as to make the microbial fuel cell more efficient. Further, impact of increase in potassium ferricyanide concentration from 0.1 to 0.5 M concentration on the generation of electricity was analysed and it was found that with increase in concentration of catholyte, voltage and current enhanced. The maximum voltage, current and power density found by increasing concentration of potassium ferricyanide from 0.1 to 0.5 M was 0.9 V, 3.36 mA and 1.055 W/m2. This study concludes that potassium ferricyanide is better oxidising agent than potassium dichromate. Microbial fuel cell can be a promising technology for bioelectricity production using banana peel waste.

Effect of Natural Dye Extracts on the Absorbance Characteristics of TiO2 in Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells

Natural dye extracts from Chinese Ixora (Ixora chinensis) flower, Cassod flower (Cassia Siamea), Cassava leaf (Manihot Esculenta), purple heart (Tradescantia Pallida) and Copper leaf (Acalypha Wilkesiana) have been explored as sensitizers for the fabrication of dye-sensitized solar cells. The properties of the dyes were investigated using the FTIR and they all showed broad absorption bands in the 3800 to 3000cm-1 wavelenght and strong presence of intermolecular H-bonds. The effect of dye extracts on the absorbance and transmittance features of TiO2 was well studied by the UV-VIS and the absorbance peak was in the case of sensitization with Manihot Esculenta seen to radically improve above 1.0 at 350nm wavelength. Finally, the current and voltage characteristics of the DSSC were studied in sunlight and at a peak sunlight intensity of 601m/w2, the Manihot and Cassod sensitized devices exhibited maximum voltage values of 115 and 84mV respectively and maximum current values of 4.32 and 2.99mA. These plants have shown great potential for application in fabrication of cost effective and environmentally friendly DSSCs.

Use of benzothiophene ring to improve the photovoltaic efficacy of cyanopyridinone-based organic chromophores: a DFT study.

The benzothiophene based chromophores (A1D1-A1D5) with A-π-A configuration were designed via end-capped tailoring with benzothiophene type acceptors using reference compound (A1R). Quantum chemical calculations were accomplished at M06/6-311G(d,p) level to probe optoelectronic and photophysical properties of designed chromophores. Therefore, frontier molecular orbitals (FMOs), binding energy (Eb), open circuit voltage (Voc), transition density matrix (TDM), density of state (DOS) and UV-Vis analyses of A1R and A1D1-A1D5 were accomplished. The designed compounds (A1D1-A1D5) exhibited absorption values in the visible region as 616.316-649.676 nm and 639.753-665.508 nm in gas and chloroform phase, respectively, comparing with reference chromophore. An efficient charge transference from HOMO towards LUMO was found in A1D1-A1D5 chromophores which was further supported by TDM and DOS analyses. Among all chromophores, A1D2 exhibited unique characteristics such as reduced band gap (2.354 eV), higher softness (σ = 0.424 eV), lower exciton binding energy (0.491 eV) and maximum value of open circuit voltage (Voc = 1.981 V). Consequently, A1D2 may be considered as potential candidate for the development of optoelectronic devices. These analyses revealed that the studied compounds exhibited promising findings. They may be utilized in the realm of organic solar cells.

Exhaust device braid transmission pattern changes in the driven branch

The article presents the results of an analysis of the pattern of voltage changes in the driven branch of transmission by a braid with a variable gear ratio using the analytical method. A system of differential equations is obtained that describes the movement of the belt drive rollers. Based on the numerical solution of the problem, the laws were obtained changes in braid voltage in the driven transmission branch. Graphical dependences of the change in the maximum voltage value in the driven branch on the values of the pre-tension of the transmission band have been constructed. The parameters of the belt drive are justified.

Development of Microbial Fuel Cell in Tofu Liquid Waste in Producing Clean Energy

The high need of Indonesian people for electrical energy has led to an increase in energy demand. This has triggered research efforts based on renewable technologies that are efficient and environmentally friendly. One of the renewable energy sources that is widely developed is Microbial Fuel Cell (MFC). MFC works by utilizing organic matter used by microbes as an energy source in carrying out metabolic activities. This study aims to determine the effect of Bacillus subtilis and Escherichia coli bacteria with different concentrations of 10% (v/v) and 15% (v/v) on the electrical energy generated from the tofu liquid waste substrate and observe changes in pH and Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD) in the MFC system. This research method consists of several steps, namely the preparation of electrolysis equipment, electrodes, substrates, bacterial cultures, electrolytes and MFC processes. The maximum value of voltage and current in Bacillus subtilis bacteria occurred at the 10 hours with 15% (v/v) bacterial concentration which amounted to 394 mV and 10.6 mA with a bacterial population of 16.15 × 109 CFU/mL and a power density value of 126.67 × 10-4 watt/m2. Furthermore, the maximum value for Escherichia coli bacteria occurred at the 10 hours with a voltage and current of 266 mV and 5.3 mA with a bacterial population of 15.60 × 109 CFU/mL and a power density value of 55.67 × 10-4 watts/m2. The pH value of the substrate variations with the addition of Bacillus subtilis bacteria ranged from 5-6, while with the addition of Escherichia coli bacteria variations ranged from 4-5. This system also reduces the value of biological oxygen demand.

A new real-time maximum power point tracking scheme for PV-BASED microgrid STABILITY using online DEEP ridge extreme learning machine algorithm

A new deep representation-based Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) controller is proposed in this paper for accurate Control references calculation in Photovoltaic (PV) based Micro Grid (MG) operation. The deep representation is obtained by two-step estimation: Data dimension reduction and MPPT Tracker towards optimal computation. The considered deep learning architecture is targeted for N number (large scale) of PV-based DGs, connected locally in the distribution system (DC link extended to AC utility). The collected data of solar irradiation (in W/m2) and PV panel temperature (in oC) profiles of local DGs are subjected to data dimensions using Extreme Learning Machine (ELM) based on Moore-Penrose inverse technique. The compressed represented PV-DG data is further communicated to the Tertiary Control side MPPT Tracker, where Ridge Regression-based ELM is presented for estimating Maximum Power Point Power (PMPP) and Voltage (VMPP) values for kth instant. The initial randomness present in the proposed Deep Representation based Ridge Regression Extreme Learning Machine (DR-RRELM) is further minimized by adopting Huber's characteristic distribution-based likelihood estimator. The proposed MPPT scheme is effectively implemented for accurate control reference in DC-DC and DC-AC converters in the MG. The proposed controller is also suitable for stability improvement at point of common coupling (PCC). Three different case studies such as past data verification, stability analysis under various operating conditions, irradiant change and source power variation. The efficacy of the proposed deep representation-based MPPT scheme is evidenced in MATLAB-based simulation. The proposed technique provides better tracking ability, faster learning and effective reference generation. The case study with irradiation change is validated in TMS320C6713 (32-bit) based Hardware-in-Loop (HIL) validation.

Hybrid cathodes of fluoride-ion batteries with carbon nanotubes

Solid-state fluoride-ion galvanic cells (metallic Ce anode, La1-xBaxF3-x (x ≈ 0.05) electrolyte) with carbon components in the cathode material – carbon nanotubes and nanocomposites based on them – have been created and studied. The investigations were carried out by means of cyclic voltammetry, impedance spectroscopy and electron microscopy. Tin fluoride SnF2 was used as a basic cathode material. The basic cathode was modified with additives of carbon nanotubes, which channels were filled with SnF2, PbSnF4 and their eutectic composition. Introduction of these additives lead to the charge-discharge currents improvement. The maximum value of open-circuit voltage (OCV ∼ 1.9 V) is observed with adding into the cathode material the nanocomposite of carbon nanotubes filled with the eutectic composition. Carbon nanotubes filled with tin fluoride SnF2@SWCNT proved to be the best additive in the cathode material. The sample has the biggest current density compared with the other samples (∼1.3 A/m2 at 180 °C, which is ∼4 times higher than that when using the basic cathode). The OCV of the galvanic cell with SnF2@SWCNT additive in the cathode material is stable within the investigated temperature range from 25 to 180 °C. For other galvanic cells temperature dependencies of OCV are decreasing. Results of the direct and alternating current investigations of the solid electrolyte in Ce/electrolyte/Ce symmetric cell show good converging. Direct current internal resistance of the solid electrolyte is defined by grain boundaries resistance. The impedance of a galvanic cell is determined by the composition and structure of SnF2 cathode material as the component of the cell with the highest resistance.

Potential use of pepper waste and microalgae Spirulina sp. for bioelectricity generation

The research aimed to generate bioelectricity using pepper waste and the microalgae Spirulina sp by a double-chamber microbial fuel cell (dcMFC). A dcMFC was constructed with Cu and Zn electrodes, where organic waste and microalgae were placed in the anodic and cathodic chambers, respectively. Also, electrochemical parameters were measured for 35 days. Finally, possible electrogenic microorganisms were isolated and identified. It was possible to generate maximum values of current (6.04414 ± 0.2145 mA) and voltage (0.77328 ± 0.213 V). The maximum conductivity value was 134.1636 ± 7.121 mS/cm, while the internal resistance value was 83.784 ±7.147Ω. The values of power and current density reached were 584.45 ± 19.14 mW/cm 2 and 5.983 A/cm 2, respectively. The optimal operating pH was 4.59 ± 0.14. From the microbial growth on the anode, the yeast Yarrowia phangngaensis (1) and Pseudomonas stutzeri (2) were identified, which may be involved in the transfer of electrons to the electrode. In conclusion, it was possible to generate clean energy in a laboratory-scale dcMFC when pepper waste and Spirulina sp. were used. These results are promising because organic waste can generate sustainable and environmentally friendly energy.

Periodic nanostructures on single-crystal copper for SERS substrate fabricated by using AFM dynamic lithography

The fabrication of periodic nanostructures on noble metals as surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrate is still challenging through facile and cost-effective process. Dynamic lithography under AFM tapping mode has been applied to the fabrication of nanogrooves on single-crystal copper to reduce the feature size. However, there was a lack of fundamental understanding of the effect of the fabrication of periodic nanostructures due to dynamic lithography and then SERS enhancement. To this end, this study aims to investigate the variation of the energy dissipation and the corresponding fabricated nanogrooves at different laser spot positions. It was found that improper laser position was contributed to the increased energy dissipation and irregular nanogrooves were thus obtained with much larger machined depth. On the contrary, at the optimal laser position, the minimal sensitivity was associated with the maximum voltage value on the photodiode. In this case, regular nanogrooves with controlled feature size can be produced for the fabrication of periodic nanostructures. And checkerboard nanodots with a period of 200 nm were fabricated by the combination of arrays of nanogrooves, which indicated advantages of high stability for AFM dynamic lithography. In addition, rhodamine 6G (R6G) was selected as the detecting target to measure SERS spectra of fabricated substrates. Results indicated the Raman enhancement factors can be promoted due to uniform shape of nanogroove and high resolution in horizon dimension.

A Study of DC Switching Electric ARC Characteristics for Low Voltages

Aims: The purpose of this paper is to investigate the DC electric arc characteristics for low voltages. And explore the relationship among arc time, arc voltage and arc current.
 Study Design: The experimental setup mainly consisted of a switch contact pair, variable resistive load, and a variable power supply. An oscilloscope was used to collect the voltage variations of the switch and the load. The voltage variation data were used to do further analysis.
 Place and Duration of Study: Department of Physics and Electronics, University Of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka between September 2021 and May 2022.
 Methodology: Voltage variations between the contact pair and the load voltage were measured using an oscilloscope for both switching on and off operations. The experiment was performed for four voltage levels; 60 VDC, 80 VDC, 100 VDC, and 120 VDC. For each voltage level, four load conditions were tested. Therein, a total of 16 different conditions were tested. Five tests were done for each condition. The average values were taken for analysis.
 Conclusion: When the switch contacts start to separate, the arc voltage must reach the arc starting voltage to form an arc. Moreover, according to the supply voltage and current, there is always a maximum voltage value that arc can reach, which is less than the supply voltage (arc ending voltage). After the arc was formed in DC systems, the arc voltage variation with time can be modeled using the trigonometry tan function.

PENGARUH ARUS EKSITASI TERHADAP ARUS STATOR MOTOR SINKRON 3 FASA DENGAN VIRTUAL INSTRUMENT

The three-phase current value of a synchronous motor has a great impact on its long-term reliability and performance under load. Therefore, maintenance and monitoring must be performed to determine the performance of synchronous motors. A virtual instrument and its LabView software can be used as a method to determine the operating current value of a synchronous motor. The device used in the study contains a synchronous motor as a load, and his LabView-equipped controller is used to execute commands during synchronous motor testing. NI MyDAQ is used as an input to the controller prior to using LabView, so it can be customized for use as an input to motors and controllers. Power is supplied by adjusting the motor input voltage to 380 volts and the controller input voltage to 220 volts. The purpose of the research is to develop tools and simulation software for synchronous motors that use voltage regulators to react to variations and determine minimum and maximum voltage values to determine motor performance. As a result of examination, the motor output reached a maximum current value of 0.4A at idle and a maximum controller current value.

Preparation and Laser-Induced Thermoelectric Voltage Effect of Bi2Sr2Co2Oy Thin Films Grown on Al2O3 (0001) Substrate.

Bi2Sr2Co2Oy thin films were grown on 10° vicinal-cut Al2O3 (0001) single crystalline substrates by pulsed laser-deposition techniques with in situ annealing, post-annealing and non-annealing process, respectively. The pure phase Bi2Sr2Co2Oy thin film was obtained with a non-annealing process. The result of X-ray diffraction showed that Bi2Sr2Co2Oy thin film was obviously c-axis preferred orientation. The laser-induced thermoelectric voltage signals were detected in Bi2Sr2Co2Oy thin films, which originated from the anisotropy of the Seebeck coefficient. The maximum peak value of laser-induced thermoelectric voltage was strong and could reach as large as 0.44 V and the response time was 1.07 μs when the deposition time was 6 min. Furthermore, the peak voltage enhanced linearly with the single-pulse laser energy. These characteristics demonstrate that Bi2Sr2Co2Oy thin film is also an excellent choice for laser energy/power detectors.

Analisis Efektivitas Daya Dan Energi Pada Sistem Pembersih Solar PV 2 × 50 Wp dengan Metode Lateral Movement

The implementation of the solar cell itself often has problems in its operation. One of the factors that affect the performance of PLTS is that the dirty solar panel cover glass is covered with dust or dirt so that it blocks the intensity of sunlight entering the solar panel which results in a reduced output of the solar panel. A 2x50 Wp solar pv cleaning tool was made to overcome the problem of reduced solar pv output due to the influence of dirt adhering to the pv cover glass. The cleaning tool that has been designed is expected to maximize the quality of power and energy that will be generated by solar pv. The solar pv dirt cleaning tool is used on the research object of the PLTS system in the Renewable Lab, Navy Building, State Polytechnic of Malang. Making a cleaning tool design using Solidworks software, with the reason being able to get a 3D picture of the planned pv dirt cleaner. The cleaning tool works with the help of a battery/power supply as its electrical power. There are 3 dc motors connected to brushes, wheels and water pumps. The cleaning tool moves in a lateral movement (sideways movement) from corner to corner 3 times, then the brush rotates to clean the solar cell cover glass from dirt. In the cleaning process, it can be assisted by using water provided and sprayed by a water pump. The average Vmp and Imp values are 19.72 V and 1.64 A. From the Vmp and Imp values, the average Pmp calculation results are 32.60 W for solar pv after cleaning. Before cleaning, the average maximum voltage (Vmp) and maximum current (Imp) values are 18.43 V and 1.05 A. From the Vmp and Imp values, the average Pmp calculation is 19.65 W.

PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF ELECTRICAL ENERGY PRODUCED BY POLYCRYSTALLINE SILICON CELLS

Energy is the ability of a physical system to perform work. Energy exists in different forms such as heat, kinetic energy, mechanical energy, and light energy. Energy sources can be classified as renewable energy, which is naturally and constantly replenished, non-renewable energy that comes from resources that are being slowly replaced by natural processes. The aim of this project is to evaluate the performance of electrical energy produced by polycrystalline silicon (poly-Si) solar panels. Solar energy is a type of energy that generates electricity from the sun's heat. By utilising solar panel technology, electricity can be generated from solar energy. The most widely utilised technologies nowadays are mono- and poly-crystalline. This project involved arranging the poly-Si solar panels in both series and parallel circuits. As a result, the relationship between voltage and current is directly proportional in both circuits, and the maximum value of voltage was 2.22 V in the series circuit and 1.12 V in the parallel circuit. The results of this study have important implications for society, as solar energy has the potential to replace non-renewable sources as the main source of generating electricity. By reducing the use of non-renewable energy, we can mitigate pollution and its harmful effects on the environment.

Photovoltaic Power Generation Based on Three-port DC-DC Step-down Circuit

In this paper, the photovoltaic cell is combined with the analog battery pack and the load through a three-port DC-DC Buck circuit, which gives power to the analog battery pack and load. From the perspective of simulation, the photovoltaic cell is lowered to reach respective specific values through the two Buck circuits at the output end of it and to give power to the load and the simulated battery pack. The influence of Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) duty ratio output on voltage and the influence of PWM frequency on load voltage and current limiting resistance of the power supply system is studied from the angle of power conversion. The results show that when the PWM duty ratio is changed, the actual output voltage does not reach the theoretical value, and is somewhat less than the theoretical value. When the frequency is less than 100 KHz and the inductance value is less than or equal to 100 uH, under the same other conditions, the load voltage decreases first and then increases with the increase of frequency. The larger the inductance value is, the faster the voltage drops, and the smaller the inductance value is, the faster the voltage increases. When the inductance reaches 250 uH, the inductance value continues to increase, which has little influence on the load voltage, and the load voltage generated by different inductance values only has a small error. If the output frequency of PMW is too high or too low, the output voltage will be reduced. The maximum voltage value is between 90 and 100 KHz. When the current limiting resistance is 18.5 Ω, it is close to and does not exceed the maximum charging voltage of the analog battery string.

Resistive Switching of Perovskite‐Type Oxides Using the Hebb–Wagner Polarization Method

Resistive switching, the change between a high‐resistive OFF state and a low‐resistive ON state, is well known for thin film oxides sandwiched between two ion‐blocking electrodes. Herein, the possibility for resistive switching in perovskite‐type oxides using the Hebb–Wagner polarization setup that uses an ion‐blocking and a reversible electrode is investigated. The resistive switching behavior is simulated numerically in terms of a defect chemical and transport model that describes the polarization of the model system SrTiO3 between two different electrodes by applying an ac voltage. Corresponding experiments are also performed and the experimental results are compared with the simulation results. It is shown that the Hebb–Wagner setup allows the bulk resistive state to change not only for thin films but also for large sample thicknesses using low maximum voltage values, without the need for initially high voltages to form filaments. The effect of other parameters and phenomena on the switching behavior, like maximum voltage, surface exchange coefficient, sample thickness, and a Schottky contact between an electrode and the semiconducting oxide, is also determined. The experimental results show a high agreement with the numerical simulations, demonstrating that the Hebb–Wagner polarization setup enables bulk resistive switching of perovskite‐type oxides.

Highly Multifunctional Performances of Boron Nitride Nanosheets/Polydimethylsiloxane Composite Foams

Although this kind of hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN)-filled polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) multifunctional composite foam has been greatly expected, its development is still relatively slow as a result of the limitation of synthetic challenge. In this work, a new foaming process of BNNSs-PDMS, alcohol, and water three-phase emulsion system is employed to synthesize a series of high-quality BNNSs/PDMS composite foams (BSFs) filled with highly functional and uniformly distributed BNNSs. As a result of well-bonded interfaces between the BNNSs and PDMS, enhanced multiple functions of BSFs appeared. The BSFs can show complete resilience at a compressive strain of 90% and only 3.99% irreversible deformation after 100,000 compressing-releasing hyperelastic cycles at a strain of 60%. On the basis of their outstanding shape-memory properties, the maximum voltage value of compression-driven piezo-triboelectric (CDPT) responses of the BSFs is up to ∼20 V. Depending on the remarkable super-elastic and CDPT performances, the BSFs can be used for sensitive sensing of temperature difference and electromechanical responses. Also, in the range of 12-40 GHz, the BSF materials display ultralow dielectric constants between 1.1 and 1.4 with proper dielectric loss tangent values of <0.3 and exhibit an enhanced and broadened sound adsorption capacity ranging from 500 to 6500 Hz. Although BSFs have high porosities of >65%, their thermal conductivities can still reach up to 0.407 ± 0.039 W m-1 K-1. Moreover, the BSF materials display favorable thermal stability, obviously reduced coefficient of thermal expansion, and good flame retardancy. All of these properties render the BSFs as a new category of excellent multifunctional material.

High-performance non-fullerene acceptor-analogues designed from dithienothiophen [3,2-b]-pyrrolobenzothiadiazole (TPBT) donor materials.

Density functional theory (DFT) method was employed to investigate the electronic structure properties, excited state dynamics, charge transfer, and photovoltaic potential of benzo [1,2,5] thiadiazole fused to 3,7-dimethyl-3a,6,7,7b-tetrahydro-5H-thieno[2',3':4,5]thieno[3,2-b]pyrrole to form 3,9,12,13-tetramethyl-12,13-dihydro-[1,2,5]thiadiazolo[3,4-e]thieno[2″,3″:4,5]pyrrolo[3.2-g]thieno[2',3':4,5]thieno[3,2-b]indole as the acceptor (A), bridge with thiophene as π-spacer to the donor moieties (D) which are 2,3-dihydrobenzo [b]thiophene-6-carboxylic acid (M4) and functionalized R, M1, M2, M3, and M5 to give a D-π-A-π-D. Here is the reverse combination for our molecules: the A-π-D-π-A type of chromophore configuration. It is also observed that tuning the dono-bridge configuration significantly increases the ease of charge transfer as the energy gap decreases in the order of 1.29 eV in M4 < 1.59 eV in M3 < 1.67 eV < 1.99 in M2 and 2.06 eV. The reorganization energy (RE) of M3 (0.0031) and M5 (0.0031) indicates an increase in the order of M3 > M5 > R > M2 > M4 > M1. The HOMO-LUMO indicates that the reactivity decreased, while the stability increased for the reference R at 0.990 eV, compared to the designed molecules M1-M5, with M1 being the least stable at 0.970 eV, while M4 exhibited the highest stability at 1.550 eV. The stability of the designed molecule decreased in the order of M4:1.550 > M3:1.257 > M5:1.197 > M2:1.010 > M1:0.970. Therefore, all results point to the electron-deficient core as an effective end-capped electron acceptor in M1-M5 compounds. As the ideal pair for successfully optimizing optoelectronic properties by reducing the HOMO-LUMO energy levels, reorganization energy, and binding energy and enhancing the absorption maximum and open-circuit voltage values in these designed molecules. DFT and TDDFT calculations were performed with Gaussian 16 program. The modelled compounds were optimized fully using the CAM-B3LYP, WB97XD, B3LYP, and MPW1PW91 functionals with the 6-31 G (d,p) basis set. The graphs for the density of states were plotted using the PyMOlyze software. Other molecular properties like the transition density matrix (TDM) and electron density difference maps (EDD) were rendered via the Multiwfn software.