Maximum Removal Efficiency Of Phenol Research Articles

Adsorption, Isotherms, and Kinetics for Phenol Removal on Biochar Prepared from Wheat Husk

In this study, wheat husks were transformed into biochar (BCs). It has been used to remove phenol from the wastewater. BCs it was prepared by hydrothermal carbonization and after activation with H3PO4 Therapy. the Tube furnace were used for carbonization. many examinations were used to study the BC properties such as Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET). in batch reactor, the operation condition were studied by many parameter in different dose, such as (pH, doses of BC and phenol ). also, to determine maximum removal efficiency of phenol on biochar. From results the best operating condition were pH and contact time 4, 1 hr, the BC dose 0.5 g / L, and 50mg/L for phenol dose. with constant for others parameters such as (agitation velocity of 150 rpm, ambient temperature, and initial phenol concentration 50 mg /L). the maximum removal efficiency for phenol reach to (84%). the second order was the best adsorption kinetic. Freundlich isotherm model has introduced a fair description for sorption, so, the BC could be utilized effectively as an adsorbent.

Phenol Removal Using Granular Dead Anaerobic Sludge Permeable Reactive Barrier in a Simulated Groundwater Pilot Plant

This study investigates the performance of granular dead anaerobic sludge (GDAS) bio-sorbent as permeable reactive barrier in removing phenol from a simulated contaminated shallow groundwater. Batch tests have been performed to characterize the equilibrium sorption properties of the GDAS and sandy soil in phenol-containing aqueous solutions. The results of GDAS tests proved that the best values of operating parameters, which achieve the maximum removal efficiency of phenol (=85%), at equilibrium contact time (=3 hr), initial pH of the solution (=5), initial phenol concentration (=50 mg/l), GDAS dosage (=0.5 g/100 ml), and agitation speed (=250 rpm). Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis proved that the carboxylic acid, aromatic, alkane, alcohol, and alkyl halides groups are responsible for the bio-sorption of phenol onto GDAS.A 2D advection-dispersion, solved numerically by computer solutions (COMSOL) Multiphysics 3.5a software which is based on the finite element method, has been used to simulate the equilibrium transport of phenol within groundwater. This model is taking into account the pollutant sorption onto the GDAS and sandy soil which is represented by Langmuir equation. Numerical and experimental results proved that the barrier plays a potential role in the restriction of the contaminant plume migration. Also, the barrier starts to saturate with contaminant as a function of the travel time. A good agreement between the predicted and experimental results was recognized with root mean squared error not exceeded the 0.055.

Efficient removal of phenolic contaminants from wastewater samples using functionalized graphene oxide with thermo-sensitive polymer: Adsorption isotherms, kinetics, and thermodynamics studies

In this study, a facile strategy was reported for the first time to prepare 2-vinylpyridine/thermosensitive polymer functionalized graphene oxide to be applied as the nanoadsorbent for efficient removal of phenol and 2, 4-dichlorophenol compounds in the wastewater samples by ultra-performance liquid chromatography. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, carbon, hydrogen, and nitrogen elemental analysis, scanning electron microscope, and N2 adsorption-desorption isotherms characterized the functional groups and structures. Experimental factors including pH, contact time, temperature, amount of adsorbent dosage, and the initial concentration of phenol and 2, 4-dichlorophenol compounds were studied to optimize the removal procedure. The optimal conditions for phenol removal were recorded at pH=7, contact time of 10 min, the adsorbent dosage of 0.005 g, and temperature of 298 K. For 2, 4-dichlorophenol, the experimental conditions for the removal process were pH=8, the adsorbent dosage of 0.005 g, and contact time of 5 min at 298 K. The experimental results correlated well with the pseudo-second-order kinetics and suggested that the removal of phenol and 2, 4-dichlorophenol from an aqueous solution follows Langmuir isotherm model. The maximum Langmuir sorption capacity obtained was 333.33 and 103.092 mg g−1 at 298 K for phenol and 2, 4- dichlorophenol, respectively. Thermodynamic analysis indicated that the process was feasible and spontaneous (phenol: ΔG = -8.199 to -8.733 kJ mol−1 and 2, 4- dichlorophenol: ΔG = -14.796 to -15.069 kJ mol−1) and exothermic in nature (phenol: ΔH = -1821.51 J mol−1 and 2, 4- dichlorophenol: ΔH= -18325.7 J mol−1). The maximum removal efficiency of phenol and 2, 4-dichlorophenol compounds were 99% and 89%, respectively. Thus, the prepared nanoadsorbent can be used as an ideal adsorbent for the recycling removal of phenolic contaminants from wastewater samples.

Enhancement of Phenol degradation, using of novel Z-scheme Bi2WO6/C3N4/TiO2 composite: Catalyst and operational parameters optimization

A novel Z-scheme Bi2WO6/C3N4/TiO2 ternary heterojunction was successfully synthesized by the sol–gel / hydrothermal method. The photocatalytic activity of Bi2WO6/C3N4/TiO2 was investigated by the phenol degradation under simulated sunlight illumination. The Bi2WO6/C3N4/TiO2 ternary Z-scheme involving 30 wt% of TiO2, while Bi2WO6 to C3N4 mass ratio resulted in 65 to 35, was realized as an optimal composite and exhibited the best photocatalytic activity compared with individual g-C3N4, Bi2WO6/C3N4 and Bi2WO6/C3N4/TiO2 with different mass percentage ratios. The optimum amount of operating parameters were determined as: initial phenol concentration = 10 mg/L, pH = 7, catalyst dose = 1.5 g/L and irradiation time = 180 min. The maximum phenol removal efficiency in the presence of Bi2WO6/C3N4/TiO2 reached 84.7% at optimum conditions. The photocatalytic phenol degradation mechanism followed the first-order kinetic and the reaction rate of the ternary photocatalyst was around 2.18 and 1.34 times, higher than those of Bi2WO6 and Bi2WO6 / C3N4, respectively. In addition, all of the OH●, O2– ●, h+, and e- active species efficiently promoted the photocatalytic process. Complete mineralization took a place almost after 7.5 h from the beginning of the phenol photodegradation the synthesized Z-scheme exhibited excellent chemical constancy and reusability next to the five cycles of utilizations.

Enhanced Adsorption of Aromatic Hydrocarbon-contaminated Aquifer Using Granular Nano Zero-valent Iron

Aromatic hydrocarbons are toxic pollutants that enter into environment through various industries. These pollutants are carcinogenic and cause genetic mutations. There are various solutions, including biological methods, extraction, and electrocoagulation. This research aims to synthesize the nano zero-valent iron (nZVI) from the ferrous waste and granules of nZVI by the chemical combination of nZVI with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). The performance of these two adsorbents was evaluated to degradation of phenol from an aqueous solution. The physical properties of the synthesized nanoparticles were determined using SEM analysis. Effect of pH, contact time, contaminant concentration, and adsorbent dosage on the removal efficiency were studied. The results showed that the maximum removal efficiency of phenol by nZVI and GnZVI was 78, 57.83 %, respectively, at the condition of pH 3, 60 minutes initial concentration of 8 ppm and adsorbent dosage of 2.5 g. The removal efficiency of phenol in acidic conditions and laboratory temperature by adsorption of nZVI is higher than GnZVI with a difference in removal efficiency of approximately 20 %. Equilibrium isotherms were analyzed by Langmuir and Freundlich equations and it was observed that these experiments followed Freundlich model.

Adsorptive removal of phenol using banyan root activated carbon

Adsorption is an easy and efficient technique for phenolic wastewater treatment. The present study highlights the preparation, characterization and application of activated carbon obtained from the banyan tree’s aerial root waste for phenol removal studies. The banyan root activated carbon (BRAC) was chemically modified using potassium hydroxide (KOH) as the activation agent. Various characterization studies revealed the highly porous structure of BRAC with a considerable amount of functional groups present on its surface. Surface area analysis showed a specific surface area of 988 m2/g (BET method) and average pore radius of 24 nm (BJH method). Studies on the relationship between adsorption parameters and adsorption performance indicated that the BRAC possessed a maximum phenol removal efficiency of 89.2% for the optimized values of the adsorption parameters. Thermodynamic investigations showed that the adsorption process was spontaneous and exothermic in nature. Further, the phenol adsorption on BRAC conformed to Langmuir model with a theoretical maximum adsorption capacity of 26.95 mg/g. Kinetic analysis revealed that the phenol adsorption on BRAC followed pseudo-second order model. Reusability studies revealed that BRAC can be reused for a maximum of three cycles for continual phenol adsorption from its aqueous streams. Thus, banyan root waste assures to be a potential and economical biomass for production of activated carbon towards the adsorptive treatment of phenol contaminated wastewater streams.

Phenol Removal by Novel Choline Chloride Blended Cellulose Acetate-Fly Ash Composite Membrane

A novel composite membrane (CM) was prepared by coating choline chloride (ChCl) blended cellulose acetate (CA) on fly-ash based ceramic substrate for phenol removal. Different amount (0-1 g) of ChCl was blended with CA to synthesize various CMs. Amount of ChCl in CA increases the contact angle, average pore radius, permeability of CM from 55.15° to 71.55°, 1.6 to 6.83 nm and 0.0057 to 0.0152 L·m−2·h−1·kPa−1, respectively. Phenol rejection increased from 56 to 93 % while increasing ChCl amount in CA. Phenol removal decreased from 94.26-64.23 % and 91.09-78.62 % with increase in applied pressure (69-483 kPa) and feed concentration (50-200 mg·L−1). However, removal rate increased from 80.46-92.47 % with increase in pH 2-12. Among all CMs, CC5 is identified as best CM with maximum phenol removal efficiency (92.7 %) and flux (1.86 L·m−2·h−1) at 207 kPa applied pressure and 100 mg·L−1 of feed phenol concentration. The obtained results reveal that blending of 0.9 % ChCl with CA can significantly enhances the phenol removal efficiency and this could be used as potential CM for treatment of phenol bearing wastewater.

Simultaneous removal of selenite and phenol from wastewater in an upflow fungal pellet bioreactor

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe simultaneous treatment of wastewater containing selenite and phenol in batch and continuous systems, inoculated with pellets of Phanerochaete chrysosporium, was evaluated in this study.RESULTSSynthetic oil refinery wastewater containing 15 mg L−1 selenite and 100–600 mg L−1 phenol was used in batch incubations for 5 days. Orange‐red colored pellets developed during selenite incubations in the presence of up to 400 mg L−1 of phenol, which confirms the formation of elemental selenium with removal efficiencies ranging from 57–78.5% and 75–90.8% for, respectively, phenol and selenite. Continuous experiments in two upflow fungal pelleted bioreactors (30 °C, pH 4.5, hydraulic retention time of 16.7 h) fed the synthetic oil refinery wastewater containing phenol or phenol with selenite were performed for 38 days. The maximum removal efficiency of phenol in the fungal bioreactor was 100% (up to day 26).CONCLUSIONSelenite mass balance showed that the overall maximum removal efficiency of selenite in the presence of phenol was 67.3%. The critical phenol and selenite loading rates of the upflow bioreactors were ∼12 and 4.3 mg L−1 h−1, respectively. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry

Highly Efficient Separation of Phenolic Compounds from Oil Mixtures by Imidazolium-Based Dicationic Ionic Liquids via Forming Deep Eutectic Solvents

The separation of phenolic compounds from oil mixtures is an important step for further refining or applications of the oil mixtures. In this work, three imidazolium-based dicationic ionic liquids (DILs; 1,2-bis[N-(N′-methylimidazolium)]ethane dibromide, DIL1; 1,3-bis[N-(N′-methylimidazolium)]propane dibromide, DIL2; and 1,4-bis[N-(N′-methylimidazolium)]butane dibromide, DIL3) were synthesized and used to separate phenolic compounds from oil mixtures. The effects of time, temperature, DIL:phenol mole ratio, and initial phenol concentration on separation performance were investigated in detail. It was found that the removal efficiency of phenol followed the order DIL1 < DIL2 < DIL3. DIL3 showed the maximum phenol removal efficiency of 96.6% and the minimum ultimate phenol concentration of 3.9 g/dm3. Initial phenol concentration had little influence on the ultimate phenol concentration. Less than 0.4 in DIL:phenol mole ratio was needed to obtain the highest phenol removal efficiency, and the separation proc...

PHENOL TOLERANCE AND BIODEGRADATION OPTIMIZATION OF Serratia marcescens NSO9-1 USING PLACKETT-BURMAN AND BOX-BEHNKEN DESIGN

The phenol degradation capacity of Serratia marcescens NSO9-1 isolated from olive mill wastewater was evaluated and optimized in this study. Plackett-Burman design coupled with Box-Behnken methodology was used to evaluate the effects of medium components and significant parameters on phenol degradation by this relevant strain. According to Plackett-Burmanbased statistical screening, seven of the eleven components of the medium had a significant effect on the metabolism of phenol degradation. The most important factors were MgSO4, NaCl, CaCl2, and molybdenum salt, which had an effective contribution of 90.12%. Additionally, Box-Behnken methodology using a quadratic model was adopted to investigate the mutual interactions between process parameters. The analysis results indicated that interactions between pH and temperature, pH and inoculum amount, and incubation time and inoculum amount critically affected the response variable. The experimental results showed that under the determined conditions, 41.66% of the maximum removal efficiency of phenol was achieved. The optimal conditions were 8.94, 30.22 C, 4.19 days, and 4.68% (v/v) for pH, temperature, incubation time, and inoculum amount, respectively. The validity and practicability of this statistical optimization strategy confirmed the relation between predicted and experimental values. Using a selective isolation method, the performance of this indigenous strain isolated from olive oil mill wastewater, which contained polyphenolic compounds, is comparable to the reported literature at higher phenol concentrations.

Phenol removal from oil refinery wastewater using anaerobic stabilization pond modeling and process optimization using response surface methodology (RSM)

Oil refinery process releases toxic pollutants into aqueous environment. Phenol and its derivations as the most important pollutants pose severe environmental concern. In this study, the rectangle anaerobic stabilization pond (ASP) consisting of feed tank with workload of 60 Lit (1 × 0.2 × 1) meter of phenol was used. This study evaluated the interactive effect of phenol concentration (200–400 mg/l), temperature (8–24°C) and Hydraulic retention time of (HRT) (2–5 d) on the efficiency of anaerobic stabilization pond for oil refinery wastewater treatment. In this study, experiments were carried out based on central composite design (CCD) and analyzed and modeled by response surface methodology (RSM) aimed at demonstrating the operating variables and also the interactive effect of three independent variables on 7 responses. The maximum removal efficiency of SCOD, TCOD, SBOD and TBOD were 66.26, 68.95, 65.3 and 67.02, respectively, at phenol concentration of 200 mg/L, HRT of 2 d, and temperature of 24°C. Generally, the ratio of N/P varied between 6.69–9.12 and 7.04–12.93, respectively, in influent and effluent of anaerobic stabilization pond. The maximum phenol removal efficiency reached 70.53 and 81.63 at phenol concentration of 200 mg/L, temperature of 24°C with HRT (2 and 5 d), respectively. The phenol removal efficiency was significantly influenced by increasing the temperature compared to decreasing the phenol concentration. The result indicated that the anaerobic stabilization pond was a capable biological treatment process that could achieve the moderate removal of oil refinery wastewater. © 2017 Desalination Publications. All rights reserved.

Evaluation of bench-scale solar photocatalytic reactors for degradation of phenolic wastewaters

Four bench-scale solar photocatalytic reactors were fabricated viz. solar photocatalytic single-baffle reactor (SPSBR), solar photocatalytic multiple-baffles reactor (SPMBR), solar photocatalytic cascade reactor (SPCR) and solar photocatalytic pond reactor (SPPR) of 5-L capacity. Evaluation of the reactors performance was carried out by varying the volume of wastewaters in the range of 1–5 L and the recycle flow rates in the range of 250–750 mL/min for the degradation of phenolic wastewaters. The single-baffle reactor gives the maximum phenol removal efficiency irrespective of all volume of wastewater. The phenol removal efficiency increases when the recycle flow rate is increased from 250 to 500 mL/min and then decreased for the recycle flow rate of 750 mL/min. The single-baffle reactor showed the maximum phenol removal efficiency with recycle flow rate of 500 mL/min. For untreated pulp and paper mill wastewater of 200 mg/L phenol concentration, the BOD5/COD ratio is 0.02, while solar photocatalytic treatment of 4 h enhanced the biodegradability values to 0.80.

Adsorptive removal of phenol from aqueous solutions by copper (cu)-modified scoria powder: process modeling and kinetic evaluation

Phenol compounds are regarded as hazardous pollutants due to their toxicity and carcinogenic properties to human health at low concentrations. So, this study was aimed to investigate the phenol adsorption by copper (Cu)-modified scoria powder, which is a low-cost adsorbent for the removal of organic compounds. All the experiments were performed based on the full face-centered central composite design experimental plan and analyzed using response surface methodology. The samples were analyzed using various conditions including adsorbent dose (0.1–1 g/l), phenol concentration (50–250 mg/l), and contact time (5–100 min). Three-dimensional plots reveal the relationship between the phenol removal efficiency and the paired factors, which describe the behavior of scoria powder in the removal of phenol from aqueous solution. The models showed that phenol removal efficiency in aqueous solution affected by four studied factors. A maximum removal efficiency of phenol achieved was more than 96% at the optimum conditions (scoria dosage of 1 g/l, phenol concentration of 50 mg/l, and contact time of 100 min). Process of kinetic parameters were also evaluated and modeled using five kinetic models including pseudo-first-order equation, second-order equation, modified Freundlich, pore diffusion, and Elovich. The best fit of experimental adsorption data was calculated by means of the pseudo-second-order model. Equilibrium data obeyed the Freundlich and Langmuir isotherms, and found that the equilibrium data well obeyed the Langmuir isotherm.

DEGRADATION OF PHENOL USING SEQUENTIAL BATCH REACTOR

The paper presents the experimental study on the use of Sequential Batch Reactor (SBR) for the degradation of phenol in the synthetic wastewater. SBR was used as a biological treatment for the reduction of COD, which is based on suspended growth system. The garden soil with cow dung was used as the seeding material in SBR, the micro-organisms that are present help in degradation of phenol as well as reducing the COD concentration. The parameters varied in the study were initial concentration of phenol in the synthetic wastewater, aeration rate and hydraulic retention time. The degradation study shows that the maximum phenol removal efficiency is 97% for 200 ppm of initial phenol concentration under 40 ml/min of aeration rate. The COD removal efficiency of 92.3% is achieved for 250 ppm of concentration of phenol. The variation in the aeration rate was found to be very effective in increasing the efficiency of SBR. For 600 ml/min of aeration, the removal efficiency of phenol and COD are respectively, 98% and 75%. But for the aeration rate of 200 ml/min the removal efficiency of COD is as high as 81.25%. Hence, with the increase in the aeration rate, there is an increase in the degradation rate of phenol and decrease in COD reduction. This study demonstrates the utilization of SBR in degrading high concentration of phenol.

Kinetic modeling for phenol degradation using photo-impinging streams reactor

In the present study, a novel kinetic model has been proposed for photocatalytic degradation of wastewater. In the first step, statistical experimental designs have been used to optimize the process of phenol degradation in a photo-impinging streams reactor. The crucial parameters, namely phenol concentration, catalyst loading, pH, and slurry flow rate, were selected for process optimization, applying central composite design. The analysis results indicated that interactions between catalyst loading and pH significantly affect phenol degradation. The predicted data showed that the maximum removal efficiency of phenol (99 %) could be obtained under the optimum operating conditions (phenol concentration = 50 mg l−1, catalyst loading = 2.1 g l−1, pH 6.2, and slurry flow rate = 550 ml min−1). These predicted values were then verified by certain validating experiments. Residence time distribution (RTD) of the slurry phase within the reactor was then measured using the impulse tracer method. A number of different assumptions were made, i.e., continuous stirred tank reactors (CSTRs) in series model and gamma distribution model with bypass (GDB). A comparison made between the sum of the square errors for experimental and predicted RTD values in case of each flow model revealed that both CSTRs in series model and GDB were proper descriptions for reactor behavior. The CSTRs in series model and RTD data were applied in conjunction with the phenol degradation kinetic model to predict the coefficients of the reaction rate.

A comprehensive study on wastewater treatment using photo-impinging streams reactor: Continuous treatment

The degradation of phenol was investigated in a continuous flow impinging streams system. In the first step, statistical experimental designs were used to optimize the process of phenol degradation in a photo-impinging streams reactor. The more important factors affecting phenol degradation (p<0.05) were screened by a two-level Plackett-Burman design. Four of the latter parameters, namely phenol concentration, catalyst loading, pH and slurry flow rate, were selected for final process optimization, applying central composite design (CCD). The predicted data showed that the maximum removal efficiency of phenol (99%) could be obtained under the optimum operating conditions (phenol concentration=50 mg l−1, catalyst loading=2.1 g l−1, pH 6.2 and slurry flow rate=550ml min−1). These predicted values were then verified by certain validating experiments. A good correlation was observed between the predicted data and those determined by the experimental study. This may confirm the validity of the statistical optimum strategy. Finally, continuous degradation of phenol was performed, and the results indicated a higher efficiency and an increased performance capability of the present reactor in comparison with the conventional processes.

Behavior of hydrophobic ionic liquids as liquid membranes on phenol removal: Experimental study and optimization

Room temperature ionic liquids show potential as an alternative to conventional organic membrane solvents mainly due to their properties of low vapor pressure, low volatility and they are often stable. In the present work, the technical feasibilities of room temperature ionic liquids as bulk liquid membranes for phenol removal were investigated experimentally. Three ionic liquids with high hydrophobicity were used and their phenol removal efficiency, membrane stability and membrane loss were studied. Besides that, the effects of several parameters, namely feed phase pH, feed concentration, NaOH concentration and stirring speeds on the performance of best ionic liquid membrane were also evaluated. Lastly, an optimization study on bulk ionic liquid membrane was conducted and the maximum phenol removal efficiency was compared with the organic liquid membranes. The preliminary study shows that high phenol extraction and stripping efficiencies of 96.21% and 98.10%, respectively can be achieved by ionic liquid membrane with a low membrane loss which offers a better choice to organic membrane solvents.

Optimization of phenol degradation by Candida tropicalis Z-04 using Plackett-Burman design and response surface methodology

Statistical experimental designs were used to optimize the process of phenol degradation by Candida tropicalis Z-04, isolated from phenol-degrading aerobic granules. The most important factors influencing phenol degradation ( p < 0.05), as identified by a two-level Plackett-Burman design with 11 variables, were yeast extract, phenol, inoculum size, and temperature. Steepest ascent method was undertaken to determine the optimal regions of these four significant factors. Central composite design (CCD) and response surface analysis were adopted to further investigate the mutual interactions between these variables and to identify their optimal values that would generate maximum phenol degradation. The analysis results indicated that interactions between yeast extract and temperature, phenol and temperature, inoculum size and temperature affected the response variable (phenol degradation) significantly. The predicted results showed that the maximum removal efficiency of phenol (99.10%) could be obtained under the optimum conditions of yeast extract 0.41 g/L, phenol 1.03 g/L, inoculum size 1.43% ( V/ V) and temperature 30.04°C. These predicted values were further verified by validation experiments. The excellent correlation between predicted and experimental values confirmed the validity and practicability of this statistical optimum strategy. This study indicated the excellent ability of C. tropicalis Z-04 in degrading high-strength phenol. Optimal conditions obtained in this experiment laid a solid foundation for further use of this microorganism in the treatment of high-strength phenol effluents.

Optimisation of process variables for microbial degradation of phenol by binary mixed culture of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Pseudomonas fluorescens using response surface methodology

The removal efficiency of phenol from aqueous solutions was measured using an indigenous freely suspended binary mixed culture of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Pseudomonas fluorescens. Experiments were performed as a function of temperature (25?45°C), aeration (1.0?3.5 vvm) and agitation (200?600 rpm). Optimisation of these three process parameters for phenol biodegradation was studied. Statistically designed experiments using response surface methodology were used to get more information about the significant effects and the interactions between the three parameters. A 2³ full-factorial central composite design followed by multistage Monte Carlo optimisation technique was employed for experimental design and analysis of the results. The optimum process conditions of temperature 30°C, aeration 3.0 vvm and agitation 300 rpm were recognised for maximising phenol degradation (removal). Maximum removal efficiency of phenol was achieved (100%) at the optimum process conditions.

Optimization of process variables for the microbial degradation of phenol by Pseudomonas aeruginosa using response surface methodology

Removal efficiency of phenol from aqueous solutions was measured using a freely suspended monoculture of indigenous Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Experiments were performed as a function of temperature (25– 45oC), aeration (1.0 – 3.5 vvm) and agitation (200 – 600 rpm). Optimization of these three process parameters for phenol biodegradation was studied. Statistically designed experiments using response surface methodology was used to get more information about the significant effects and the interactions between the three parameters. A 23 full-factorial central composite designed followed by multistage Monte-Carlo optimization technique was employed for experimental design and analysis of the results. The optimum process conditions for maximizing phenol degradation (removal) were recognized as follows: temperature 30.1oC, aeration 3.0 vvm, and agitation 301 rpm. Maximum removal efficiency of phenol was achieved (94.5%) at the optimum process conditions.