Abstract
A novel composite membrane (CM) was prepared by coating choline chloride (ChCl) blended cellulose acetate (CA) on fly-ash based ceramic substrate for phenol removal. Different amount (0-1 g) of ChCl was blended with CA to synthesize various CMs. Amount of ChCl in CA increases the contact angle, average pore radius, permeability of CM from 55.15° to 71.55°, 1.6 to 6.83 nm and 0.0057 to 0.0152 L·m−2·h−1·kPa−1, respectively. Phenol rejection increased from 56 to 93 % while increasing ChCl amount in CA. Phenol removal decreased from 94.26-64.23 % and 91.09-78.62 % with increase in applied pressure (69-483 kPa) and feed concentration (50-200 mg·L−1). However, removal rate increased from 80.46-92.47 % with increase in pH 2-12. Among all CMs, CC5 is identified as best CM with maximum phenol removal efficiency (92.7 %) and flux (1.86 L·m−2·h−1) at 207 kPa applied pressure and 100 mg·L−1 of feed phenol concentration. The obtained results reveal that blending of 0.9 % ChCl with CA can significantly enhances the phenol removal efficiency and this could be used as potential CM for treatment of phenol bearing wastewater.
Highlights
Phenol is a primary pollutant and it has adverse effects on human health even at very low concentration
The obtained results reveal that blending of 0.9 % choline chloride (ChCl) with cellulose acetate (CA) can significantly enhances the phenol removal efficiency and this could be used as potential composite membrane (CM) for treatment of phenol bearing wastewater
4 Conclusion In this investigation, novel ChCl blended CA was coated on fly-ash based ceramic substrate to prepare the CM for effective removal of phenol
Summary
Phenol is a primary pollutant and it has adverse effects on human health even at very low concentration. The phenol concentration in the effluent must be regulated prior to disposal in the environment Several methods such as adsorption, wet air oxidation, liquid-liquid extraction, catalytic ozonation, biological degradation, electrocoagulation and deep eutectic mixture are reported for phenol removal [2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9]. These methods require excess amount of chemicals, high energy and post processing methods.
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