Maximum Input Research Articles

Controls on Primary Productivity in the Eastern Equatorial Pacific, East of the Galapagos Islands, During the Penultimate Deglaciation

AbstractModern biogeochemical conditions of the Eastern Equatorial Pacific (EEP) region are characterized by high macronutrient concentrations but low phytoplankton abundance due to both iron and silicic acid limitation. Since primary producers significantly impact the global carbon cycle, paleoproductivity in relation to climate change and nutrient availability in this region has been a topic of a number of studies. However, the complex dynamics of this region, especially east of the Galapagos Islands, has led to some discrepancies when linking reconstructed paleoproductivity with potential mechanisms for higher primary productivity. Here we focus on reconstructing primary productivity of haptophyte algae and diatoms, as well as continental material input, sea surface salinity, and sea surface temperature, and compare these reconstructions with existing records for the period comprised between 150 and 110 ka (the penultimate deglaciation period) with the aim to understand the mechanisms that most significantly influence phytoplankton growth over the EEP region east of the Galapagos Islands. Our results suggest enhanced upwelling in the EEP system during the penultimate deglaciation and increased phytoplankton abundance mainly as the result of both the increasing influence of nutrient‐rich Southern Ocean sourced waters through the Equatorial Undercurrent and a higher input of iron through atmospheric deposition. The highest phytoplankton abundances recorded at the study site during the penultimate deglaciation also suggest that maximum input of nutrients might have occurred during the millennial‐scale event Heinrich Event 11 in the North Atlantic as a result of global atmospheric and oceanic reorganizations.

Simultaneous optimization of placement and parameters of rotational friction dampers for seismic-excited steel moment-resisting frames

The present paper proposes the simultaneous optimization of the placement and parameters of rotational friction dampers (RFDs) for the seismic protection of a nonlinear steel moment-resisting frame (SMRF). In that respect, the placement and parameters of RFDs in the framework of an optimization problem is simultaneously optimized for a ten-story SMRF subjected to an artificial earthquake. In the optimization problem, the placement of RFDs and their frictional moment and the length of their vertical rigid beam are considered as the design variables, and the ratio of the maximum seismic input energy to the maximum cumulative dissipated energy by the RFDs is selected as the objective function. The mixed discrete-continuous optimization problem is solved by a hybrid of binary and real-coded modified particle swarm optimization (BRPSO). Furthermore, the effect of the number of RFDs is investigated on the seismic performance of the SMRF. The optimization results reveal that a significant portion of the input seismic energy is dissipated by the RFDs and at the same time reducing the amount of the cumulative hysteretic energy of the structure. Therefore, the seismic damage in the structure is significantly reduced. Furthermore, the appreciable reduction of the seismic responses of the structure is not observed by increasing the number of the RFDs. Finally, the results of the seismic assessment indicate that the optimized RFDs obtained for the artificial earthquake can guarantee the structure subjected to real earthquakes.

Sensitivity of total knee replacement wear to variability in motion and load input: A parametric finite element analysis study

Polyethylene wear remains a contributor to long term failure in total knee replacements (TKRs). Advances in materials have improved polyethylene wear rates, therefore further wear reductions require a better understanding of patient-specific factors that lead to wear. Variability of gait within patients is considerable and could lead to significant variability in wear rates that cannot be predicted by standard testing methods. An in-silico study was performed to investigate the influence of gait variability on TKR polyethylene wear. Nine characteristic peaks within the load and motion profiles used for TKR wear testing were varied 75% to 125% from baseline (ISO-14243-3:2014) to generate 310 unique waveforms. Wear was calculated for 1-million cycles using a finite element TKR wear model. From the results, a surrogate model was developed using multiple linear regression, and used to predict how wear changes due to dispersion of motion and force peaks within a) ±5%, the maximum allowable input tolerance of ISO, and b) ±25%, more reflective of patient gait inter-variability. The range of wear within the ±5% tolerance was 0.65 mm3 /million cycles and was 3.24 mm3 /million cycles within the ±25% variability more in line with the dispersion observed within patients. Although no one kinematic or kinetic peak dominated variability in TKR volumetric wear, variability within flexion/extension peaks were the largest contributor to wear rate variability. Interaction between the peaks of different waveforms was also important. This study, and future studies incorporating patient-specific data, could help to explain the connection between patient-specific gait factors and wear rates.

Spatial Differentiation and Driving Analysis of Nitrogen in Rice Rotation Based on Regional DNDC: Case Study of Jinjiang River Watershed

Cycling dynamics of nitrogen in paddy rotation areas have a practical significance for ensuring food supply and realizing sustainable development of the regional ecology in the Min delta urban agglomeration. However, with rapid urbanization, the negative externalities of paddy rotation areas have been gradually increased because of unreasonable utilization behavior, and the environmental costs are increasing. Therefore, the spatial differentiation of nitrogen indicators and its driving factors were analyzed, which provides a macro-decision making basis for the implementation of farmland management measures. In this study, the paddy rotation area in Jinjiang River watershed was selected as the research object. The denitrification decomposition (DNDC) model was used to simulate the nitrogen cycle in the paddy rotation area. The hot spot analysis and geographical weight regression (GWR) model were used to analyze the spatial otherness characteristics and driving attribution of various nitrogen indices. The main results showed that: ① The DNDC model was validated by parameters, and the results showed preferably regional adaptability. ② Based on the comparison of different rotation patterns, the rice-vegetable rotation pattern not only established the maximum input of nitrogen fertilizer but also revealed the highest nitrogen absorption efficiency and the maximum values of nitrogen loss, followed by the rice-rice rotation pattern and rice-fallow rotation pattern. ③ In the spatial distribution of nitrogen indicators, except for the crop nitrogen absorption, the NH3 emission, N2O emission and nitrogen leaching showed a spatial clustering distribution, and the main trend line based on the standard deviation ellipse was mainly "Gande-Changkeng" township.④ According to the analysis of spatial influence factors for various nitrogen indices, soil attribute factors had the strongest effect; the SOCmax was the strongest influential factor for both NH3 and N2O emissions, and the spatial distribution was "west high, east low". The pHmin was the strongest influential factor in nitrogen leaching, and the spatial distribution was "north and south high, east and west low".

Energy Balance Studies of Weed Control Practices in Rainfed Cotton

Energy dynamics of the weed control options adopted in rainfed cotton was valuated in a study conducted at College farm, PJTSAU, Hyderabad, Telangana State during kharif, 2017 in red and black soils. Three doses of Diuron (0.5, 0.75 and 1.0 kg ha-1), pendimethalin 38.7% CS at 677 g ha-1 as PE followed by sequential application of pyrithiobac sodium 10% EC 62.5 g ha-1 + quizalofop p ethyl 5% EC 50 g ha-1, intercropping of cotton with green manure crop (Sunhemp), mechanical weeding thrice at 20, 40 and 60 DAS (weed free), polymulch and unweeded control were the treatments included in RBD design which was replicated thrice. The energy balance studies were determined by using direct and indirect energy. The results indicated that the maximum energy input was required for polymulch in both the soils. Highest kapas energy output (EOk) was observed in polymulch and mechanical weeding which was followed by diuron 1.0 kg ha-1PE fb pyrithiobac sodium + quizalofop p ethyl PoEin red soil, whereas in black soils, diuron 0.75 kg ha-1PE fb pyrithiobac sodium + quizalofop p ethyl PoE followed polymulch and mechanical weeding treatments. EUE of both kapas and total output was significantly higher in diuron 1.0 kg ha-1PE fb pyrithiobac sodium + quizalofop p ethyl PoE in red soil. While in black soil, significantly highest EUE of kapas and total output was recorded in diuron 0.75 kg ha-1PE fbpyrithiobac sodium + quizalofop p ethyl PoE.

Bounded Input Dissipativity of Linearized Circuit Models

We introduce the concept of Bounded Input Dissipativity (BID) for the characterization from an energy perspective of linearized models of nonlinear circuit blocks. Such linearized models are commonly employed in the design of large systems to approximate circuit blocks that operate in the neighborhood of some well-defined and asymptotically stable bias point and lead to a dramatic reduction in circuit simulation runtime. Even if the original circuit block always behaves as a dissipative system, its linearized model may behave as dissipative or non-dissipative depending on the amplitude of its small-signal port voltages and currents, compared to the corresponding constant bias or supply signal components. This paper presents a theoretical framework for the analysis of such a conditional dissipativity and introduces BID criteria based on the feasibility of Bilinear or Linear Matrix Inequalities. These criteria allow to estimate the maximum small-signal input amplitude that guarantees the dissipativity of the linearized model. Various examples demonstrate the validity of the proposed theory, including a test case showing how spurious and physically inconsistent instabilities may arise if the proposed BID conditions are not verified.

English Material Needs of Accounting Students: An English for Specific Purposes Approach

AbstractThe appropriateness of teaching materials is one of the essential components in gaining the maximum input of knowledge to achieve the success of a language learning. In terms of teaching English for specific purposes, the contextualized material is a prerequisite to encourage the learners’ productivity in using the language. Therefore, the present study sheds light on English teaching material needs of accounting students at IAIN Surakarta and the challenges that accounting students face to fulfil the needs. Descriptive qualitative was employed in this study by administering Focus Group Discussion (FGD) and web-based survey to the first-year accounting students who had finished English for Specific Purposes course as the participants. Semi-structured interview was also conducted with the English lecturers and the head of accounting department to enrich the data. The data were analysed by transcribing the results of FGD and semi-structured interview and describing the questionnaire results as data triangulation. The findings of this study showed that contextual English teaching materials are strongly needed by accounting students to enhance their language production. Moreover, there are some insights from the participants related to the ideal teaching materials for accounting students. These findings offer practical insights in designing a representative teaching material for accounting students to equip them with outstanding language skills in accounting field.

Energy and exergy analyses of a new integrated thermochemical copper-chlorine cycle for hydrogen production

This paper presents a thermodynamic study on a newly built lab-scale thermochemical copper-chlorine (Cu-Cl) cycle installed at the Clean Energy Research Laboratory (CERL) at the Ontario Tech University. This study analyzes every component of the system through energy and exergy analysis by considering the heat inputs, outputs and exergy destruction within the various units of the Cu–Cl cycle. The system is modeled and simulated using the Aspen-plus software. The mass, energy and exergy balance equations for each system component are written for analysis and assessment purposes. Based on the analysis, the maximum heat input is required for the hydrolysis reactor while the HCl-condenser-1 is found to reject the maximum heat. The results suggest that the thermolysis reactor experienced the highest exergy destruction. The effect of the flow rates of certain species within the cycle on the performance of various system units, such as heat transfer rates and production flow rates are also investigated. The overall energy and exergy efficiencies of the system are evaluated to be 6.8% and 10.4%, respectively.

Experimental Analysis on Influencing Factors of NOx emission in Gas-Fired Heating and Hot Water Combi-Boilers

To study the influencing factors of NOx emission in gas-fired heating and hot water combi-boilers, a boiler with the maximum heat input of 26.0 kW was selected, and influencing factors including flue restrictor diameter, fan power, nozzle aperture, nozzle ejection distance and air relative humidity on NOx formation were determined. The NOx test rig has been built and the concentration of NOx at the rated heat input and the NOx weight value (NOx)pond with different heat input in the dry flue gas have been tested respectively according to the test methods in Chinese national standard GB 25034-2010. The results show that with the increase of the diameter of flue restrictor at exhaust outlet, the NOx concentration at the rated heat input and the NOx weight value (NOx)pond with different heat input in the dry flue gas decreased by 26.9% and 5.9%; with the increase of the diameter of flue restrictor at air intake inlet, the NOx and (NOx)pond decreased by 36.5% and 16.0%; with the increase of fan power, the NOx and (NOx)pond can be decreased by 48.4% and 16.1%; with the increase of ejection distance of nozzle, the NOx and (NOx)pond decreased by 7.7% and 6.8%; with the increase of aperture of nozzle, the NOx and (NOx)pond increased by 5.2% and 2.3%; with the increase of air relative humidity, the NOx decreased by 16.4% and the (NOx)pond basically remains unchanged. The analysis of the influence factors of NOx emission can be provided as reference for the optimization design of combi-boilers with low NOx emission.

Optimal Design of a Motor-Driven Three-Finger Soft Robotic Gripper

This article presents an innovative, motor-driven, three-finger compliant gripper for adaptive grasping of size-varied delicate objects. An optimized compliant finger design is identified numerically through a topology optimization method. A stepper motor is used to actuate three identical compliant fingers, which can operate through elastic bending deformation. Finite-element models are developed to investigate the maximum equivalent stress, input force, and output displacement relations corresponding to the amount of input displacement of the compliant finger. Simulation results show that the proposed finger design is with a lower driving force and a lower maximum equivalent stress during operation comparing to one previous design. The proposed compliant finger is prototyped by three-dimensional printing using thermoplastic elastomer. Experimental results for the input displacement versus input force and input displacement versus geometric advantage relationships of the prototyped finger agree well with simulation results. The developed three-finger soft robotic gripper is mounted on an industrial robot arm to demonstrate its capability in handing size-varied delicate objects, such as egg, fruits, and glass products. Experimental results show that the proposed three-finger gripper can be used to grip object with a maximum weight of 4.2 kg and a maximum object size of 140 mm. The overall weight of the developed three-finger soft robotic gripper is 1.2 kg. The load capacity of the developed gripper can vary according to the friction between gripper and object. The maximum payload of the gripper can be increased to 9.5 kg when an additional antislip foam tape is applied on the grip surfaces of the compliant fingers.

Rank order coding based spiking convolutional neural network architecture with energy-efficient membrane voltage updates

Spiking neural network (SNN) system that uses rank order coding (ROC) as input spike encoding, generally suffers from low recognition accuracy and unnecessary computations that increase complexities. In this paper, we present a Spiking convolutional neural network (Spiking CNN) architecture that significantly improves recognition accuracy as well as computation efficiencies based on a novel ROC and modified kernel sizes. The proposed ROC generates spike trains based on maximum input value without sorting operations. In addition, as the recognition accuracy is affected by the reduced number of spikes as layers become deeper, the proposed ROC is inserted just before the final layer to increase the number of input spikes. The 2 × 2 pooling kernels are also replaced with 4 × 4 to reduce the network size. The hardware architecture of the proposed Spiking CNN has been implemented using 65 nm CMOS process. Neuron-centric membrane voltage update approach is also efficiently exploited in convolutional and fully connected layers to improve the hardware energy efficiencies. The Spiking CNN processor is seamlessly processing 2.85 K classifications per second with 6.79 uJ/classification. It also achieves 90.2% of recognition accuracy for MNIST dataset using unsupervised learning with STDP.

A Low-Power Multichannel Time-to-Digital Converter Using All-Digital Nested Delay-Locked Loops With 50-ps Resolution and High Throughput for LiDAR Sensors

This article presents a low-power, all-digital multichannel time-to-digital converter (TDC) for light detection and ranging (LiDAR) sensors. The proposed TDC architecture measures the time interval through a coarse counter, middle, and fine delay line-based interpolation technique (the Nutt method). Automatic calibration by middle and fine all-digital delay-locked loops (ADDLLs) is provided to ensure the stability of the generated time slots. Charge pump, loop filter, and voltage-controlled delay line inside the conventional analog delay-locked loops (DLLs) are replaced by an accumulator (ACC) and digitally controlled delay line (DCDL). This makes the design particularly compact, low power, and suitable for multichannel applications. The presented architecture can generate information for amplitude variation (walk error) compensation. This information is generated by measuring the pulsewidth and position of three successive STOP pulses inside each channel within a single-shot measurement. A low-jitter injection-locked frequency multiplier (ILFM) generates a 625-MHz internal clock signal out of 25-MHz external reference oscillator, which shrinks the number of delay elements to cover one period of the reference clock and improves the precision of the TDC. Operation at higher frequency provides high throughput and short conversion time (less than 3 ns). The three-level TDC offers 13.1- $\mu \text{s}$ maximum input range and 50-ps resolution. The measured DNL and INL of the TDC circuit are 0.47 and 0.71 LSB, respectively. The TDC circuit is implemented in a 180-nm standard CMOS process with a die size of 1.5 mm $\times1.5$ mm. The total power consumption of the multichannel TDC is 87.6 mW.

Comparison of Phase-Shift and Modified Gating Schemes on Working of DC-DC LCL-T Resonant Power Converter

This brief discusses the operation and performance comparison of LCL-T DC-DC resonant power converter when controlled with fixed-frequency phase-shifted gating (PSG) and modified-gating signals (MGS) schemes. The converter is designed to operate in lagging power factor mode to accomplish zero-voltage switching (ZVS) of the inverter switches. The operating principle of the converter with the two proposed gating schemes is explained. A brief steady-state analysis of the converter using Fourier series approach is presented. The choice between PSG and MGS schemes is made by comparing the performance of the converter. It is found that both the gating schemes are effective in regulating the output voltage for variable input voltage and loading conditions. However, the efficiency of the converter is found to be higher with MGS due to the fact that only one switch loses ZVS as compared to two with the PSG when operated with maximum input voltage. Also, the variation in pulse-width angle (δ) required to regulate the output voltage is small in MGS as compared to that with PSG. A 300 W experimental prototype of the converter has been built and tested to verify the theoretical results. It is experimentally confirmed that the MGS control gives the better performance than the PSG control for different input voltage and loading conditions.

Regional Stabilization of Input-Delayed Uncertain Nonlinear Polynomial Systems

This paper addresses the problem of local stabilization of nonlinear polynomial control systems subject to time-varying input delay and polytopic parameter uncertainty. A linear matrix inequality approach based on the Lyapunov–Krasovskii theory is proposed for designing a nonlinear polynomial state feedback controller ensuring the robust local uniform asymptotic stability of the system origin along with an estimate of its region of attraction. Two convex optimization procedures are presented to compute a stabilizing controller ensuring either a maximized set of admissible initial states for given upper bounds on the delay and its variation rate or a maximized lower bound on the maximum admissible input delay considering a given set of admissible initial states. Numerical examples demonstrate the potentials of the proposed stabilization approach.

A High-Voltage Dual-Input Buck Converter Achieving 52.9% Maximum End-to-End Efficiency for Triboelectric Energy-Harvesting Applications

This article presents a high-voltage (HV) dual-input (DI) buck converter for triboelectric (TE) energy-harvesting applications with a maximum power point tracking (MPPT) for TE nanogenerators (TENGs). An important characteristic of TENGs is their ac output voltage with different positive and negative peak voltages; thus, the proposed system separately harvests each half-wave (HW) with a dual-output rectifier for better extraction efficiency. Furthermore, given the similarity between the electrical models of piezoelectric transducers and TENGs, a root-mean-square MPP analysis is proposed with a fractional open-circuit voltage (FOCV) method according to each HW from the TENGs. The HV DI buck converter regulates two HVs from the TENGs for MPPT with a single inductor. The proposed HV protector prevents the breakdown of the power transistor due to HV stress. To regulate the two input voltages of the buck converter at each MPP, a synchronous pulse-skipping modulation technique is implemented in the system. The entire system is fabricated in a 180-nm BCDMOS process with an active area of 2.482 mm2. The maximum input voltage of the HV DI buck converter is 70 V, and the maximum end-to-end efficiency of 52.90% is achieved with human skin-based and polytetrafluoroethylene-based TENGs.

Heat transfer analysis in an uncoiled model of the cochlea during magnetic cochlear implant surgery

Magnetic cochlear implant surgery requires removal of a magnet via a heating process after implant insertion, which may cause thermal trauma within the ear. Intra-cochlear heat transfer analysis is required to ensure that the magnet removal phase is thermally safe. The objective of this work is to determine the safe range of input power density to detach the magnet without causing thermal trauma in the ear, and to analyze the effectiveness of natural convection with respect to conduction for removing the excess heat. A finite element model of an uncoiled cochlea, which is verified and validated, is applied to determine the range of maximum safe input power density to detach a 1-mm-long, 0.5-mm-diameter cylindrical magnet from the cochlear implant electrode array tip. It is shown that heat dissipation in the cochlea is primarily mediated by conduction through the electrode array. The electrode array simultaneously reduces natural convection due to the no-slip boundary condition on its surface and increases axial conduction in the cochlea. It is concluded that natural convection heat transfer in a cochlea during robotic cochlear implant surgery can be neglected. It is found that thermal trauma is avoided by applying a power density from 2.265 × 107 W/m3 for 114 s to 6.6 × 107 W/m3 for 9 s resulting in a maximum temperature increase of 6∘C on the magnet boundary.

Development of Haptic Stylus for Manipulating Virtual Objects in Mobile Devices

In mobile devices, the screen size limits conveyance of immersive experiences; haptic feedback coupled with visual feedback is expected to have a better effect to maximize the level of immersion. Therefore, this paper presents a miniature tunable haptic stylus based on magnetorheological (MR) fluids to provide kinesthetic information to users. The designed stylus has a force generation, force transmission, and housing part; moreover, in the stylus, all three operating modes of MR fluids contribute to the haptic actuation to produce a wide range of resistive force generated by MR fluids in a limited size, thereby providing a variety of pressing sensations to users. A universal testing machine was constructed to evaluate haptic performance of the proposed haptic stylus, whose resistive force was measured with the constructed setup as a function of pressed depth and input current, and by varying the pressed depth and pressing speed. Under maximum input voltage, the stylus generates a wide range of resistive force from 2.33 N to 27.47 N, whereas under maximum pressed depth it varied from 1.08 N to 27.47 N with a corresponding change in voltage input from 0 V to 3.3 V. Therefore, the proposed haptic stylus can create varied haptic sensations.

Integrated approach for textile industry wastewater for efficient hydrogen production and treatment through solar PV electrolysis

Combining solar PV based electrolysis process and textile dyeing industry wastewater for hydrogen production is considered feasible route for resource utilization. An updated experimental method, which integrates resource availability to assess the wastewater based hydrogen production with highlights of wastewater treatment, use of solar energy to reduce the high-grade electricity for electrolysis (voltage, electrode materials) efficiency of the process was employed. Results showed that maximum pollutant removal efficiency in terms of conductivity, total dissolved solids, total suspended solids, biological oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand, hardness, total nitrogen and total phosphorus were obtained from ≅73% to ≅96% at 12 V with steel electrode for pollutant load. The maximum input voltage was found at 3 V for the best efficiency i.e. 49.6%, 67.8% and 57.1% with carbon, steel and platinum electrodes respectively. It was observed that with high voltage (12 V) of the electrolyte the rate of production of hydrogen was higher with carbon, steel and platinum electrodes. However, the increase in the efficiency of the production of hydrogen was not significant with high voltage, may be due to energy loss through heat during extra-over potential voltage to the electrodes. Hence, this integrated way provides a new insight for wastewater treatment and hydrogen energy production simultaneously.

Optimal design of pure-friction isolators with and without restoring device: A multi-objective cuckoo search-based approach for seismic-excited structures

The present study addresses the optimal design problem of pure-friction isolators with a restoring device for seismic-excited structures. A multi-objective cuckoo search-based design approach is proposed to create a suitable balance between the conflicting objectives i.e. the reduction of base displacement and superstructure accelerations. Numerical studies are carried out on three structures with 4, 8 and 12 stories. Sixteen performance indices related to the root mean squares (RMS) and maximum seismic responses of the isolation system and superstructure, and the maximum energy responses of the superstructure are defined for evaluation of the proposed optimal design approach. For comparison purposes, the optimal design approach is applied for the corresponding pure-friction isolated structures without the restoring device. For seven earthquakes considered in this study, the simulation results show that the pure-friction systems significantly mitigates the seismic responses and maximum input and damage energies entering to the superstructure. Furthermore, equipping the pure-friction isolation system with the optimized restoring device may result in a moderate increment in the superstructure responses. Nevertheless, the given responses are significantly less than the responses of the corresponding fixed-base structures. At the cost of increasing some seismic responses due to the use of the restoring device, important advantages are given in terms of significant reduction of the base displacement and eliminate their residual displacement. It is also found that the seismic performance of the pure-friction isolation systems, in both cases, often decreases by increasing the number of stories.

Evaluating a Methodology for Designing CNFET-Based Ternary Circuits

A methodology for designing ternary circuits is proposed and evaluated. The method is based on a schema that consists of voltage levels, conditional blocks and weighting elements. The main idea is selecting appropriate voltage levels in conditional blocks and weighting them to generate desired output. In fact, the diagram is a framework for designing ternary logic gates. Hence, the optimum design can be accomplished by choosing the proper strategy particularly in conditional blocks. This could lead to minimum count of elements and decrement in complexity of the circuit. To examine the efficiency of the proposed method, three designs for standard ternary inverter (STI), ternary NAND (TNAND) and ternary NOR (TNOR) gates in carbon nanotube field-effect-transistor (CNFET) technology are presented, respectively. Several simulations are done using Synopsys HSPICE tool in 32 nm CNFET technology to measure the performance parameters for proposed designs and state-of-the-art CNFET-based designs. Moreover, the robustness of STIs in different operational conditions such as variations frequency and output load, and their senility to process deviations are measured. The simulation is done for TNAND, TNOR and half adder cell as well. The results demonstrate the proper functionality of the proposed methodology. Moreover, the designed circuits benefit from the minimum count of CNFETs, least maximum equivalent input capacitor, minimum variety of CNT diameters and delay time, while its pdp is very close to best results in comparison with state-of-the-art designs.