Maximum Fruit Retention Research Articles

Influence of Chemicals and Plant Bioregulators Application during the Time of Fruit Developmental Phenophase on Fruit Weight, Quality and Shelf-life of Mango (Mangifera indica. L)

The present study was conducted to know the influence of chemicals and plant bioregulators application during the time of fruit developmental phenophase on fruit weight, quality and shelf-life of Mango (Mangifera indica. L) at the fruit research station, Aswaraopet, Telangana, India during the 2022- 23. Among chemicals and plant bioregulators maximum fruit retention percentage (16.851 %), TSS (14.901 °Brix), total sugars (12.999 %) and shelf life (15.034 days) were recorded with pre-harvest application of CPPU. Maximum ascorbic acid content (49.838 mg. 100 g-1), reducing sugars (4.277 %) and firmness (5.866 kg.cm-2) were recorded with pre-harvest application of Ca(NO3)2 whereas, minimum physiological loss in weight was recorded with the application of CPPU on 12th day (16.244 %). Among different time of chemicals and plant bio regulator application, maximum fruit retention percentage were recorded with chemicals and plant bio regulator applied at 703 phenophase, maximum shelf-life was recorded with the application of CPPU at 709 phenophase, minimum physiological loss in weight was recorded with the application of CPPU at 709 phenophase.

Effect of Various Organic and Inorganic Formulations on Fruit Setting and Yield in Mango cv. Kesar

The present experiment was carried out at Fruit Research Station, Sakkarbaugh, Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture, Junagadh Agricultural University, Junagadh (Gujarat). The results of the study indicated that the spraying of monopotassium phosphate 2 % + Boron 0.8 % + Panchgavya 3 % was found effective in fruit setting where as spraying of KNO3 2 % + NAA 50 ppm + Jeevamrut 5 % exhibited the minimum fruit drop at marble stage (58.89 %), harvest stage (49.44 %), maximum fruit retention (48.89 %), maximum number of fruits per panicle (2.08), maximum number of fruits per tree (88) and highest fruit yield (13.57 kg/tree and 3.76 t/ha).

Influence of Different Levels of NAA and 2, 4, 5-T on Fruit Drop, Fruiting, Fruit Retention, Growth and Yield of Indian Ber (Zizyphus mauritiana Lamk.)

The experiment was carried out at Horticulture Garden, Department of Fruit Science, Chandra Shekhar Azad University of Agriculture & Technology, Kanpur (U.P.) during the November 2020- March 2021 and November 2021- March 2022. Sixteen treatments viz. four levels of NAA (0, 20, 30 and 40 ppm) and 2,4,5-T (0, 10, 20 and 30ppm) were studies in a Factorial Completely Randomized Design with three replications. Spraying was done on eleventh November, 2020 in first year and fifteenth November, 2021 in second year at fruit setting stage (Pea Stage) with fine nozzle sprayer in each treatment to give uniform spray on all over the treatment of ber plant. Application of (NAA@40 ppm and 2,4,5-T@30 ppm) significantly maximized initial fruit set (162.00 and 163.66), maximum fruit retention (20.39 and 20.43 percent) and maximum initial fruit set percentage (79.60 and 79.56 per cent). The length and width of fruit was significantly (5.35 and 4.99 cm) and (4.24 and 4.27 cm) respectively increased by application same concentration mention above. The maximum (36.62 and 36.82 g) fruit weight and physical properties of fruits like volume (36.57 and 36.42 cc) recorded under treatment (NAA@40ppm and 2,4,5-T@30ppm). The minimum stone length (0.88 and 0.87 cm), minimum stone diameter (0.88 and 0.87 cm), minimum stone weight (0.65 and 0.66 gm) and specific gravity (0.94 and 0.94 g cc-1) significantly found under (NAA@40 ppm and 2,4,5-T@30 ppm). The yield of ber was significantly increased (39.53 and 40.49) kg per plant, yield per hectare (121.30 and 121.33quintal) with treatment combination (NAA@40ppm and 2,4,5-T@30ppm) both the years of experiment.

Effect of foliar spray of silicon and boron on fruiting and yield of rejuvenated mango (Mangifera indica L.) cv. Sonpari

An experiment was conducted at Regional Horticultural Research Station, ASPEE College of Horticulture and Forestry, Navsari Agricultural University, Navsari, during two continuous years 2017-18 and 2018-19 to assess the effect of different silicon and boron sources on fruiting and yield of mango cv. Sonpari under South Gujarat conditions. The experiment was laid out in a Completely Randomized Design with factorial concept having ten treatment combinations comprising five levels of silicon and two levels of boron. Foliar spray of potassium silicate @ 1.5% (S3) was found better with respect to maximum fruit retention (4.14%), higher number of fruits at marble (11.05) and harvest (1.91) stages per panicle, higher number of fruits per tree (182.00) and yield (64.62kg/tree). Similarly, foliar spray of boric acid @ 1.2g L-1 (B2) gave maximum fruit retention (4.08%), number of fruits at marble (10.56) and harvest (1.78) stages per panicle, number of fruits per tree (172.80) and yield (60.94kg/tree). In interaction effect, combined spray of potassium silicate @ 1.5% + boric acid @ 1.2g L-1 (S3B2) gave maximum number of fruits per panicle at marble and harvest stages.

Studies on fruit drop and cracking in bael genotypes

Problem of fruit drop and cracking is one of the most important limiting factors in bael cultivation, which result in high yield loss. Therefore, the investigation was carried out to study the response of different genotypes of bael on fruit drop and cracking. Fourteen genotypes of bael were taken for the study. Fruit drop and cracking was recorded at monthly intervals in all genotypes. Fruit drop was recorded high in month of July in all the genotypes which continued till the harvest and again shows the peak in the month of February. The maximum fruit drop and cracking were found in Pant Sujata and the minimum in Pant Bael 4. The maximum fruit drop was recorded in the month of July and minimum in the month of December. Whereas the maximum fruit cracking was noticed in the month of January and the minimum in the month of July. The maximum total fruit drop and the minimum fruit retention were found in Pant Sujata and the minimum total fruit drop and the maximum fruit retention were observed in Pant Bael 4. The highest yield was recorded in Pant Shivani.

Growth, yield and fruit quality of Kinnow mandarin as affected through foliar application of zinc and boron

The investigation was undertaken with a view to determine the growth, yield and fruit quality of Kinnowmandarin as affected through foliar application of zinc and boron. The results revealed that combined applicationof 0.2 per cent boric acid + 0.5 per cent zinc sulphate at fruit set and peach size stage of fruit through foliarspray exerted significant influence on plant height, tree spread and shoot length. The maximum fruit retention (71.77%), number of fruits plant−1(486.24), fruit weight (163.23 g), fruit volume (194.79 cc), fruit diameter (7.16 cm), yield plant−1 (79.32 kg) and yield ha−1 (31.73 t) were recorded in treatment T9 (0.2 per cent boric acid + 0.5per cent zinc). The same treatment had markedly influenced the quality of Kinnow fruit and the maximum TSS (12.18 oBrix), TSS/acid ratio (16.66), reducing sugars (3.87%), total sugar (7.22%), ascorbic acid (25.16mg/100 g)and juice content (41.43%) were recoreded in this traetement (T9). The lowest acidity (0.73%) and rind thickness (2.79 mm) were also recorded in treatment T9 (0.2 per cent boric acid + 0.5 per cent zinc). This treatment alsoincreased the zinc (100.08 ppm) and boron (80.81 ppm) level of kinnow mandarin leaves.

Response of growth regulators and micronutrients on yield and physico-chemical quality of Ber (Zizyphus mauritiana Lamk) cv. BAU Kul-1

Ber (Zizyphus mauritiana Lamk.) is an indigenous delicious, nourishing fruit grown widely throughout the India but faces heavy fruit drop due to several biotic and abiotic stress factors resulted in declining trend of ber pro-duction over the year. Keeping these facts in foreground, replicated field experiment was conducted during 2013-14 and 2014-15 at HRS, Mondouri, BCKV, West Bengal with eleven treatments consist two different levels of NAA, GA3, 2,4-D, ZnSO4 and H3BO3 along with a control (water spray). Results of investigation revealed that application of 2,4-D @ 10 mg/l recorded highest fruit set (48.80%). Maximum fruit retention (42.83%) and total no. of fruits/tree (514) were obtained with the application of NAA @ 20 mg/l. Application of GA3 @ 20 mg/l recorded significantly (p?0.05) higher yield (30.67 kg/tree), fruit weight (60.5 g), fruit length (5.8 cm), fruit breadth (5.1 cm), pulp to seed ratio (13.9) and specific gravity (1.104) as well as economic returns over control during both the year of experiment. Among the treatments H3BO3 at 0.4% recorded the highest TSS (11.7°Brix), total sugar (8.33%), reducing sugar (5.21%) and TSS: Acid (107.36) ratio with lowest fruit acidity (0.10 %) whereas highest vitamin-C content of fruit was recorded with GA3 at 20 mg/l (64.68 mg / 100 g) followed by NAA at 20 mg/l. Results suggest that twice spraying of GA3 @ 20 mg/l and H3BO3 at 0.4% is vital for optimizing yield components, yield and quality of ber (cv. BAU Kul-1) in trans-Gangetic plains of West Bengal.

Effect of PGRs combination on pre-harvest fruit drop of Khasi mandarin (Citrus reticulata Blanco.)

The synthetic auxin like 2,4-D, 2,4,5-T and NAA were investigated on ten (10) years old tree to study the effect of different combinations of PGR on pre-harvest fruit drop at Bodak village under East Siang district of Arunachal Pradesh, India during the year 2014-2015. Result showed maximum fruit retention in T6 Urea 1% + 2, 4- @ 15ppm (45.4%) followed by T5 NAA@5ppm + 2,4-D@10ppm (44.3%) resulting significantly increased the total number of fruits in (T6) (244.3 fruits / tree) followed by T5 (241.6 fruits/tree) as compared to control (17.3% fruit retention and 181 fruits/ tree) Hence, the combination of recommended dose of fertilizer i.e. 400:400:900g NPK/plant/year along with Urea 1% + 2, 4- @ 15ppm foliar spraying thrice during April, July and September can be used to control the fruit drop in Khasi mandarin.

Effect of plant growth regulators on fruit drop and quality ofBaelunderTaraiconditions of Uttarakhand

Present investigation was carried to study the role of plant growth regulators on fruit drop in bael (Aegle marmelos Correa). Treatments consists of sprays of NAA (10, 20 and 30 ppm), 2,4-D (5, 10 and 20 ppm), GA3 (25, 50 and 50 ppm) and ethrel (50,100 and 150 ppm) in bael cv. Pant Shivani. All the growth substances sprayed, proved beneficial in minimizing drop and enhancing quality characters of bael fruits. Maximum fruit set (78.48%) was recorded with NAA 30 ppm, while minimum fruit drop (90.64%) and maximum fruit retention (9.36%) were recorded with NAA 20 ppm. Highest fruit length and breadth was recorded with NAA 30 ppm. Fruits sprayed with NAA 20 ppm estimated highest fruit weight, volume, pulp content and ascorbic acid but least acidity. Maximum TSS was recorded with GA3 50 ppm.

Response of foliar fertilization of micronutrients on fruit growth and yield in lowchill peach cv. Sharbati

A field experiment was carried out during 2010 and 2011 seasons on seven year old Sharbati cultivar of peach, growing in clay loam soil. The experiment was laid out in randomized block designed to study the effect of foliar spraying of boron, zinc and iron and its combination on fruit growth pattern, yield and yield attributing characters of the low-chill peach. Boric acid (0.1%), zinc sulphate (0.5%) and ferrous sulphate (0.5%) were used as a source of boron, zinc and iron, respectively. All the trees were fertilized with same NPK dose as per recommendation. The spraying was done twice; during last week of February, i.e., after petal fall stage and again at 15 days after the first spraying during both years in three replicates. The result revealed that foliar spraying of peach trees with 0.1 % H3BO3 + 0.5 % ZnSO4, 7H2O + 0.5 % FeSO4, 7H2O was the promising treatment for improvement of fruit growth, fruit length, fruit diameter, fruit volume and firmness of the fruit. This treatment was also found best for maximum fruit retention, average fruit weight as well as the fruit yield.

Effect of PGRs on reduction of fruit drop in mango cv. MALLIKA

Fruit drop has emerged as a major problem in almost all cultivars of mango. It is mainly due to heavy competition among growing fruits but may also be attributed to weather stress during development of fruits, deficient nutrition, windy location, hail storms, cloudy weather and attack of insect pests. Mallika mainly grown in Madhya Pradesh, Jharkhand, Odisha, West Bengal and Gujarat is also highly vulnerable to fruit drop. In a study conducted at Horticultural Research Farm of BA College of Agriculture, Anand Agricultural University, Anand, India, in the Kharif season of year 2011, influence of plant growth regulators (PGRs) like GA-3, NAA and 2, 4-D was tested on fruit retention in Mallika Mango. Maximum fruit retention was observed in treatment NAA@ 20mg/l followed by GA-3 at 25 mg/l.

Effect of GA3 and Zinc Sulfate on Fruit Yield and Oil Percentage of ‘Shengeh’ Olive Trees

This study was conducted on ten-year-old ‘Shengeh’ olive trees at the Kazerun Olive Research Station, Iran to investigate the effect of gibberellic acid (GA3) and zinc sulfate (ZnSO4) sprays on fruit yield and oil production. A factorial experiment (4 × 4 × 4) was arranged in a randomized complete block design. The plants were sprayed with 0, 15, 30, and 45 ppm GA3 and 0, 0.25, 0.50, and 0.75% ZnSO4 in August, which was about halfway through the fruit growth period. Maximum fruit retention (90%) was obtained by spraying with 0.5% ZnSO4 and 45 ppm GA3. The greatest fruit weight (3.25 g/fruit) was achieved with 30 ppm GA3 and 0.75% ZnSO4. The highest oil % on a dry weight basis (34.75) was produced with 0.50% ZnSO4 + 30 ppm GA3. The results showed that appropriate spraying with GA3 in combination with ZnSO4 increases oil production by increasing both fruit oil and fruit retention.