Maximum Correlated Kurtosis Deconvolution Research Articles

A Novel Fault Diagnosis Method Based on Improved Empirical Wavelet Transform and Maximum Correlated Kurtosis Deconvolution for Rolling Element Bearing

A Novel Fault Diagnosis Method Based on Improved Empirical Wavelet Transform and Maximum Correlated Kurtosis Deconvolution for Rolling Element Bearing

Multi-objective iterative optimization algorithm based optimal wavelet filter selection for multi-fault diagnosis of rolling element bearings

Rolling element bearings (REBs) play an essential role in modern machinery and their condition monitoring is significant in predictive maintenance. Due to the harsh operating conditions, multi-fault may co-exist in one bearing and vibration signal always exhibits low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), which causes difficulties in detecting fault. In the previous studies, maximum correlated kurtosis deconvolution (MCKD) has been validated as an efficient method to extract fault feature in the fault signals. Nonetheless, there are still some challenges when MCKD is applied to fault detection owing to the rigorous requirements of multiple input parameters. To overcome limitation, a multi-objective iterative optimization algorithm (MOIOA) for multi-fault diagnosis is proposed. In this method, correlated kurtosis (CK) is taken as a criterion to select optimal Morlet wavelet filter using the whale optimization algorithm (WOA). Meanwhile, to further eliminate the effect of the inaccurate period on CK, the update process of period is incorporated. After that, the simulated and experimental signals are utilized to testify the validity and superiority of the MOIOA for multiple faults detection by the comparison with MCKD. The results indicate that MOIOA is efficient to extract weak fault features even with heavy noise and harmonic interferences.

Compound fault diagnosis of rotating machinery based on adaptive maximum correlated kurtosis deconvolution and customized multiwavelet transform

Although compound fault diagnosis of rotating machinery based on vibration signals is a prominent method, it is still a challenge due to coupled fault features immersed in strong background noise. An adaptive deconvolution and denoising technology based on adaptive maximum correlated kurtosis deconvolution and multiwavelet transform is studied here. In combination with Hilbert envelope spectrum analysis, a novel compound fault diagnosis method is proposed in this paper. Based on analysis using maximum correlated kurtosis deconvolution (MCKD) theory, a parameter range estimation method is given which is favorable for MCKD parameter optimization. Flexible standard multiwavelets are used in post-processing of MCKD to enhance the denoising effect further. The minimum of a compound faults characteristic index composed of M-shift correlated kurtosis and square envelope spectrum entropy is adopted as the optimization criterion to set reasonable parameters for MCKD and construct customized multiwavelets using particle swarm optimization. The effectiveness of the proposed method is demonstrated by both simulated signal and practical vibration signals of a rotor test rig and an aero engine rotor experimental rig with different compound faults. The superior effectiveness and reliability of the proposed method are confirmed by comparison with other fault detection methods.

Investigation assembly state of spindle bearing based on improved maximum correlated kurtosis deconvolution and support vector machine

Aiming at the skew and misalignment between the inner and outer rings of the spindle bearing during the installation process, a new method for detecting the spindle bearing assembly state is proposed combined an improved maximum correlated kurtosis deconvolution (IMCKD) and support vector machine (SVM). The vibration and impulse signals induced by bearing assembly skew or dislocation are quite weak. In this paper, the collected vibration signals were preprocessed by IMCKD algorithm with optimized parameters between the normal and skewed state of the outer rings at first, which aims to deconvolve periodic impulse characteristic and enhance the periodic impulse component from a new assembly spindle vibration signal. Then, wavelet packet decomposition method was adopted to extract the characteristic energy value of different frequency bands, and the eigenvector of the assembly state of the spindle bearing was calculated. Furthermore, the support vector machine classification method is implemented to analyze the eigenvectors under different assembly states. Finally, the proposed method was verified by experimental results. The results show that the IMCKD and SVM methods can effectively detect the bearing assembly skew state of the spindle with an accuracy of more than 95 %.

Compound Fault Diagnosis of Bearings Using an Improved Spectral Kurtosis by MCDK

The fast spectrum kurtosis (FSK) algorithm can adaptively identify and select the resonant frequency band and extract the fault feature by the envelope demodulation method. However, in practical applications, the fault source may be located in different resonant frequency bands; plus in noise interference, the weak side of the compound fault is not easy to be identified by the FSK. In order to improve the accuracy of fast spectral kurtosis analysis method, a modified method based on maximum correlation kurtosis deconvolution (MCKD) is proposed. According to the possible fault characteristic frequencies, the period of MCKD is calculated, and the appropriate filter length is selected to filter the original compound fault signal. In this way, the compound fault located in different resonance bands is separated. Then, the signal after MCKD filtering is analyzed by FSK. Through the simulation and experimental analysis, the MCKD can separate the compound fault information in different frequency band and eliminate the noise interference; the FSK can accurately identify the resonance frequency and identify the weak fault characteristics of compound fault.

Multiple Faults Detection for Rotating Machinery Based on Bicomponent Sparse Low-Rank Matrix Separation Approach

Multifault detection of rotating machinery at the incipient fault stage presents a challenging issue due to its interaction feature, complexity, and coupling characteristics. Aiming at the concern of identifying the multiple faults pattern of rotating machinery, a novel multiple faults detection approach based on Bi-component sparse low-rank matrix separation is proposed in this paper. The core idea of the proposed method is that the measured vibration signal typically shows as the sum of transient component and oscillatory component, meanwhile, the multi-fault identification problem with regularization terms can be transformed into a sparse optimization formulation that could be solved by the alternating direction method of multipliers algorithm. The proposed approach is applied by simulated synthetic signal, experimental data including rolling bearing and gearbox with weak multiple faults, and its effectiveness and superiority are verified by comparing to some state-of-the-art methods such as L1-norm fused lasso optimization, maximum correlated kurtosis deconvolution, and ensemble empirical mode decomposition.

Combined Failure Diagnosis of Slewing Bearings Based on MCKD‐CEEMD‐ApEn

Large‐size and heavy‐load slewing bearings, which are mainly used in heavy equipment, comprise a subgroup of rolling bearings. Owing to the complexity of the structures and working conditions, it is quite challenging to effectively diagnose the combined failure and extract fault features of slewing bearings. In this study, a method was proposed to denoise and classify the combined failure of slewing bearings. First, after removing the mean, the vibration signals were denoised by maximum correlated kurtosis deconvolution. The signals were then decomposed into several intrinsic mode functions (IMFs) by complementary ensemble empirical mode decomposition (CEEMD). Appropriate IMFs were selected based on the correlation coefficient and kurtosis. The approximate entropy values of the selected IMFs were regarded as the characteristic vectors and then inputted into the support vector machine (SVM) based on multiclass classification for training. The practical combined failure signals of the 3 conditions were finally recognized and classified using SVMs. The study also compared the proposed method with 5 other methods to demonstrate the superiority and effectiveness of the proposed method.

Mine gearbox fault diagnosis based on multiwavelets and maximum correlated kurtosis deconvolution

As the mine gearbox working conditions are poor, the fault signal is weak and usually drowned in background noise when gearbox occurring fault. The fault feature is very difficult to extract. Aiming at solving this problem, this paper proposed a mine gearbox fault feature extraction method which combines multiwavelets decomposition with maximum correlated kurtosis deconvolution (MCKD).The component of multiwavelets decomposing was processed by MCKD method, MCKD suppress the noise in the signal and enhance the weak impact feature of fault signal, the envelope of its deconvolution signal was calculated, then the fault could be judged by analyzing the prominent frequency component of envelope spectrum. Thus, the experiment analysis and engineering application verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.

The Shock Pulse Index and Its Application in the Fault Diagnosis of Rolling Element Bearings

The properties of the time domain parameters of vibration signals have been extensively studied for the fault diagnosis of rolling element bearings (REBs). Parameters like kurtosis and Envelope Harmonic-to-Noise Ratio are the most widely applied in this field and some important progress has been made. However, since only one-sided information is contained in these parameters, problems still exist in practice when the signals collected are of complicated structure and/or contaminated by strong background noises. A new parameter, named Shock Pulse Index (SPI), is proposed in this paper. It integrates the mutual advantages of both the parameters mentioned above and can help effectively identify fault-related impulse components under conditions of interference of strong background noises, unrelated harmonic components and random impulses. The SPI optimizes the parameters of Maximum Correlated Kurtosis Deconvolution (MCKD), which is used to filter the signals under consideration. Finally, the transient information of interest contained in the filtered signal can be highlighted through demodulation with the Teager Energy Operator (TEO). Fault-related impulse components can therefore be extracted accurately. Simulations show the SPI can correctly indicate the fault impulses under the influence of strong background noises, other harmonic components and aperiodic impulse and experiment analyses verify the effectiveness and correctness of the proposed method.

A new method to enhance of fault detection and diagnosis in gearbox systems

The kurtogram analysis presents some limitations when diagnosing gearbox systems, particularly in time domain. Its envelop signal analysis is not able to detect any defects. This paper presents a new approach to enhance the detection and diagnosis in gearbox systems. This new approach is based on Maximum Correlated Kurtosis Deconvolution combined with Spectral Kurtosis fault diagnosis methodology. This technique allows us to obtain better detection in the gearbox system which is not the case of the spectral kurtosis analysis alone. For this purpose, a dynamical model of a simple stage gearbox is proposed. The approach can detect and identify at early stage the gearbox and also the crack tooth defects.

Application of an improved maximum correlated kurtosis deconvolution method for fault diagnosis of rolling element bearings

The extraction of periodic impulses, which are the important indicators of rolling bearing faults, from vibration signals is considerably significance for fault diagnosis. Maximum correlated kurtosis deconvolution (MCKD) developed from minimum entropy deconvolution (MED) has been proven as an efficient tool for enhancing the periodic impulses in the diagnosis of rolling element bearings and gearboxes. However, challenges still exist when MCKD is applied to the bearings operating under harsh working conditions. The difficulties mainly come from the rigorous requires for the multi-input parameters and the complicated resampling process. To overcome these limitations, an improved MCKD (IMCKD) is presented in this paper. The new method estimates the iterative period by calculating the autocorrelation of the envelope signal rather than relies on the provided prior period. Moreover, the iterative period will gradually approach to the true fault period through updating the iterative period after every iterative step. Since IMCKD is unaffected by the impulse signals with the high kurtosis value, the new method selects the maximum kurtosis filtered signal as the final choice from all candidates in the assigned iterative counts. Compared with MCKD, IMCKD has three advantages. First, without considering prior period and the choice of the order of shift, IMCKD is more efficient and has higher robustness. Second, the resampling process is not necessary for IMCKD, which is greatly convenient for the subsequent frequency spectrum analysis and envelope spectrum analysis without resetting the sampling rate. Third, IMCKD has a significant performance advantage in diagnosing the bearing compound-fault which expands the application range. Finally, the effectiveness and superiority of IMCKD are validated by a number of simulated bearing fault signals and applying to compound faults and single fault diagnosis of a locomotive bearing.

Sparse maximum harmonics-to-noise-ratio deconvolution for weak fault signature detection in bearings

De-noising and enhancement of the weak fault signature from the noisy signal are crucial for fault diagnosis, as features are often very weak and masked by the background noise. Deconvolution methods have a significant advantage in counteracting the influence of the transmission path and enhancing the fault impulses. However, the performance of traditional deconvolution methods is greatly affected by some limitations, which restrict the application range. Therefore, this paper proposes a new deconvolution method, named sparse maximum harmonics-noise-ratio deconvolution (SMHD), that employs a novel index, the harmonics-to-noise ratio (HNR), to be the objective function for iteratively choosing the optimum filter coefficients to maximize HNR. SMHD is designed to enhance latent periodic impulse faults from heavy noise signals by calculating the HNR to estimate the period. A sparse factor is utilized to further suppress the noise and improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the filtered signal in every iteration step. In addition, the updating process of the sparse threshold value and the period guarantees the robustness of SMHD. On this basis, the new method not only overcomes the limitations associated with traditional deconvolution methods, minimum entropy deconvolution (MED) and maximum correlated kurtosis deconvolution (MCKD), but visual inspection is also better, even if the fault period is not provided in advance. Moreover, the efficiency of the proposed method is verified by simulations and bearing data from different test rigs. The results show that the proposed method is effective in the detection of various bearing faults compared with the original MED and MCKD.

Multipoint Optimal Minimum Entropy Deconvolution and Convolution Fix: Application to vibration fault detection

Minimum Entropy Deconvolution (MED) has been applied successfully to rotating machine fault detection from vibration data, however this method has limitations. A convolution adjustment to the MED definition and solution is proposed in this paper to address the discontinuity at the start of the signal – in some cases causing spurious impulses to be erroneously deconvolved. A problem with the MED solution is that it is an iterative selection process, and will not necessarily design an optimal filter for the posed problem. Additionally, the problem goal in MED prefers to deconvolve a single-impulse, while in rotating machine faults we expect one impulse-like vibration source per rotational period of the faulty element. Maximum Correlated Kurtosis Deconvolution was proposed to address some of these problems, and although it solves the target goal of multiple periodic impulses, it is still an iterative non-optimal solution to the posed problem and only solves for a limited set of impulses in a row. Ideally, the problem goal should target an impulse train as the output goal, and should directly solve for the optimal filter in a non-iterative manner. To meet these goals, we propose a non-iterative deconvolution approach called Multipoint Optimal Minimum Entropy Deconvolution Adjusted (MOMEDA). MOMEDA proposes a deconvolution problem with an infinite impulse train as the goal and the optimal filter solution can be solved for directly. From experimental data on a gearbox with and without a gear tooth chip, we show that MOMEDA and its deconvolution spectrums according to the period between the impulses can be used to detect faults and study the health of rotating machine elements effectively.

Diagnosis of compound faults of rolling bearings through adaptive maximum correlated kurtosis deconvolution

This paper proposes a new diagnosis method based on Adaptive maximum correlated kurtosis deconvolution (AMCKD) for accurate identification of compound faults of rolling bearings. The AMCKD method combines the powerful capability of cuckoo search algorithm for global optimization with the advantage of Maximum correlated kurtosis deconvolution (MCKD) for impact signal extraction. In contrast to traditional methods, such as direct envelop spectrum, Discrete wavelet transform (DWT), and empirical mode decomposition, the proposed method extracts each fault signal related to the single failed part from the compound fault signals and effectively separates the coupled fault features. First, the original signal is processed using AMCKD method. Demodulation operation is then performed on the obtained single fault signal, and the envelope spectrum is calculated to identify the characteristic frequency information. Verification is performed on simulated and experimental signals. Results show that the proposed method is more suitable for detecting compound faults in rolling bearings compared with traditional methods. This research provides a basis for improving the monitoring and diagnosis precision of rolling bearings.

Early Fault Diagnosis of Bearings Using an Improved Spectral Kurtosis by Maximum Correlated Kurtosis Deconvolution.

The early fault characteristics of rolling element bearings carried by vibration signals are quite weak because the signals are generally masked by heavy background noise. To extract the weak fault characteristics of bearings from the signals, an improved spectral kurtosis (SK) method is proposed based on maximum correlated kurtosis deconvolution (MCKD). The proposed method combines the ability of MCKD in indicating the periodic fault transients and the ability of SK in locating these transients in the frequency domain. A simulation signal overwhelmed by heavy noise is used to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method. The results show that MCKD is beneficial to clarify the periodic impulse components of the bearing signals, and the method is able to detect the resonant frequency band of the signal and extract its fault characteristic frequency. Through analyzing actual vibration signals collected from wind turbines and hot strip rolling mills, we confirm that by using the proposed method, it is possible to extract fault characteristics and diagnose early faults of rolling element bearings. Based on the comparisons with the SK method, it is verified that the proposed method is more suitable to diagnose early faults of rolling element bearings.

Maximum correlated Kurtosis deconvolution and application on gear tooth chip fault detection

In this paper a new deconvolution method is presented for the detection of gear and bearing faults from vibration data. The proposed maximum correlated Kurtosis deconvolution method takes advantage of the periodic nature of the faults as well as the impulse-like vibration behaviour associated with most types of faults. The results are compared to the standard minimum entropy deconvolution method on both simulated and experimental data. The experimental data is from a gearbox with gear chip fault, and the results are compared between healthy and faulty vibrations. The results indicate that the proposed maximum correlated Kurtosis deconvolution method performs considerably better than the traditional minimum entropy deconvolution method, and often performs several times better at fault detection. In addition to this improved performance, deconvolution of separate fault periods is possible; allowing for concurrent fault detection. Finally, an online implementation is proposed and shown to perform well and be computationally achievable on a personal computer.