Maximum Ascorbic Acid Research Articles

Effect of osmo air drying method on nutritional quality of peach (Prunus persica (l) batsch.) cultivars during storage

The present investigation was carried out with the objective to develop value added products and to assess the quality parameters of osmo air dried peach slices. The peach slices were dried by osmo air drying method. Dehydrated peach (Prunus persica (L) Batsch.) slices prepared were stored under ambient conditions in polythenepacks and subjected to physico-chemical analysis at 45 days interval for a period of 135 days. The highest total sugars were observed in Flordasun 58.28 % and reducing sugars (39.35 %) in Shan-e-Punjab. The maximum acidity (1.84 %) in Shan-e-Punjab, ash content (4.43 %) in Early Grand were recorded. The maximum ascorbic acid content of 11.94 mg/100g was found in Shan-e-Punjab. During storage, an increasing trend was observed in total sugars (54.27-56.76%) and reducing sugars (38.08-39.38%), whereas, acidity (1.85-1.74), ascorbic acid (11.75-9.81mg/100g) , and ash content showed decreasing trend. It is thus concluded that Early Grand, Flordasun and Shan-e-Punjab, cultivars of peach can be suitably used for preparation of dehydrated peach product using osmo air drying methods.

Influence of micronutrients and growth regulators on the performance of cabbage quality

A field experiment was undertaken on cabbage cv. GOLDENACRE at Horticultural Research cum Demonstration Farm, Department of Horticulture, B.A. College of Agriculture, Anand Agricultural University, Anand in order to evaluate the performance of micronutrients (Zn and Fe) and growth regulators (Gibberellic acid and Naphthalene acetic acid) alone and their combinations applied as foliar spray for cabbage quality. The different levels of micronutrients were found significant on ascorbic acid and chlorophyll contents of cabbage head, maximum ascorbic acid (49.4 mg/100g fresh wt.) and chlorophyll content (0.412 mg/g fresh wt.) of cabbage head were recorded with treatment M 1 (zinc sulphate 0.5%). Among different levels of growth regulators, GA 3 @ 100 ppm recorded significantly highest ascorbic acid content (46.16 mg/100g fresh wt.), chlorophyll content (0.383 mg/g fresh wt.). While non-significant effect was recorded for total soluble solids on cabbage head. Among the interactions of micronutrients and growth regulators, the interaction M 1 G 2 recorded significantly the highest ascorbic acid content (57.99 mg/100g fr. wt.), chlorophyll content (0.505 mg/g fr. wt.) of cabbage head.

Effect of different packaging materials on quality of garlic powder

An experiment was performed in year 2014 to determine the effect of different packaging material on quality of garlic powder.Dehydrated powder of garlic cv. AGRIFOUNDWHITE (G-41)was prepared by drying at 60 ± 2 °C from well matureddisease free bulbs procured from Vegetable Research Unit, Dr. PDKV Akola, Maharashtra. Different packaging material viz. , control (without packaging), polyethylene 200 gauge, polyethylene 300 gauge,aluminated foil, plastic bottle and glass bottle were used for packaging and stored under ambient condition for 120 days. The physico-chemical observations like moisture content, titrable acidity, ascorbic acid and protein content of the powder were analyzed. Also sensory evaluation of powder was carried out to judge consumer acceptability. The data obtained were analyzed using FCRD model.The packaging material aluminated foil found superior in maintaining maximum ascorbic acid (12.47 mg/100 g) and titrable acidity (1.05 %). Whereas glass bottle packed garlic powder registered minimum increase (34.20 %) in moisture and scored maximum (7.3) in 9 point hedonic scale for sensory evaluation. Packaging material had non-significant effect on protein content.

PHYSICO-CHEMICAL EVALUATION OF TOMATO HYBRID DERIVATIVES FOR PROCESSING SUITABILITY

Investigation was carried out to evaluate F5 and F6 generations of tomato hybrid derivatives for its physicochemical characters and its suitability for processing during spring-summer 2009/10 and 2010/11 at Vegetable Research area, Mahatma Phule Agricultural University, Rahuri. F5 and F6 generations of two crosses (M-3-1 x H-24 and 87-2 x 18-1-1) and two standard checks (‘Bhagyashree’ and ‘Dhanashree’) were evaluated for processing suitability in randomized block design in three replications. There were significant differences in all the fruit physical characters studied. Significantly highest polar and equatorial diameters, shape index of fruit, pericarp thickness were recorded in both F5 and F6 generation. Biochemical composition and processing qualities of tomato genotypes in both F5 and F6 generations showed significant differences except fruit juice per cent in F6 generation. Major processing quality characters maximum recorded in F5 and F6 generations were: total soluble solids, 5.03 (T18) and 5.17oBrix (T27); titratable acidity 0.6 per cent (T13) and 0.68 per cent (T24); low pH, 4.07 (T21) and 4.07 (T6); maximum ascorbic acid, 36.27 (T26) and 32.93 (T32) mg/100 g; fruit total sugars, 3.72 per cent (T6) and 3.71 per cent (T26); maximum lycopene in T26 , which was 5.95 and 4.23 mg/100 g; β-carotene, was highest in T32, 2.97 and 2.94 mg/100 g in F5 and F6 progenies.

Effect of varieties and tuber sizes on losses of ascorbic acid and phenol content of potato tubers stored under ambient conditions

Effect of Varieties and Tuber Sizes on Losses of Ascorbic Acid and Phenol Content of Potato Tubers Stored Under Ambient Conditions The Investigation was conducted by keeping healthy potato tubers of three different sizes for each genotype in hessian cloth bag at room temperature in four replications. The experiment was carried out to evaluate the effect of varieties and tuber sizes on the ascorbic acid and phenols during the storage period of three months. From the findings, it was concluded that the ascorbic acid content and phenolic content decreased with increasing storage period. The maximum ascorbic acid and phenols were noticed in Kufri Bahar and minimum in Kufri Pushkar. Among the sizes, ascorbic acid had positive, while the phenol content had negative correlation with tuber size. ..

Effect of post-harvest treatments on chemical changes in banana during ripening under different storage conditions

An experiment was conducted for evaluation of post-harvest treatments on chemical changes in banana during ripening under different storage conditions. Treatments included combinations of pre-cooling at 13°C and 95% RH for 30 min storage at ambient conditions at 14°C and 95% RH and dipping in Ethrel @ 500, 1000, 1500 ppm for 10 secs and storage at ice placed condition for seven days. Maximum ascorbic acid and moisture were observed in storage at 14°C and 95% RH from 3rd to 13th day of storage. The minimum pH was observed in treatments consisting of dipping in @ 500, 1000, 1500 ppm for 10 sec and storage at ice (8 kg/day) placed condition for seven days) from 3rd to 13th day of fruit storage respectively. Increase in moisture on 7th and 9th day of storage observed in fruits dipped in ethrel @1000 ppm for 10 sec and stored at ice (8 kg/day) placed condition. Similarly significant reduction in starch, ascorbic acid and pH was also recorded in ethrel treated fruits during ripening and storage. After 13 th day of storage, it was observed that moisture was increased gradually day by day when stored at 14°C and 95% RH treatment during storage upto 37th day. On the other hand, the starch, ascorbic acid and pH content of fruit gradually decreased day by day from 13th up to 37th day.

Bioactive Compounds and Antioxidant Activity in Different Genotypes of Onion

Bioactive compounds (i.e. anthocyanin, total phenols, ascorbic acid, total carotenoids and β-carotene) and antioxidant activity were analyzed in seven genotypes of onions viz Punjab Naroya, Punjab White, PRO-6, P-305, POH-1, POH-2 and CLX-18021. PRO-6 contained maximum anthocyanin, ascorbic acid and total phenols i.e. 2.32 mg, 11.40 mg and 283.57 mg/100g of sample, respectively. The genotype P-305 contained maximum total carotenoids (86.43 μg/100g) and β-carotene (13.72 μg/100g). The genotype Punjab White contained minimum anthocyanin (1.27 mg/100g), total carotenoids (25.68 μg/100g) and β-carotene (11.41 μg/100g). POH-2 genotype was found to have minimum ascorbic acid content (5.04 mg/100g) and POH-1 was found to have minimum total phenols. The genotype PRO-6 was found to have maximum antioxidant activity (13.63%) and genotype Punjab white contained minimum antioxidant activity (5.16%). Onions could provide an excellent source of antioxidant rich ingredients for the production of nutritionally enhanced food products.

Phytochemical studies on antioxidant activities of two types of Karonda (Carissa carandas) during storage

Carissa carandas Linn. is a large dichotomously branched evergreen shrub. It has several medicinal and nutritional properties. An experiment was conducted considering two types, viz., pinkish-green and pinkish white to compare the phytochemical changes in perspective of antioxidant activity during storage. In fresh fruits, the maximum ascorbic acid content (50.98 mg/100 g) was recorded in pinkish green fruits as compared to pinkish-white (36.86 mg/100 g). Similarly, the scavenging activity of methanol extract of pinkish-green fruits was found significantly higher (89.57%) as compared to pinkish-white fruits (86.27%) in fresh samples. However, the minimum loss in phenol content (11.36%) was recorded in pinkish-white type during storage upto 8 days. Therefore, karonda fruits may be considered as an important phyto-chemical source for making different traditional medicines.

Effect of organic manures and inorganic fertilizers on certain quality parameters of okra [Abelmoschus esculentus (L). Moench] cv. ARKA ANAMIKA

A study was carried out to find the effect of organic manures and inorganic fertilizers on certain quality parameters like ascorbic acid, protein content and fibre in okra ( Abelmoschus esculentus L.) cv. ARKA ANAMIKA. This experiment consisted of a total 12 treatments.Among the treatments 50 percent of RDF+ 50 per cent of RDN through FYM and 50 per cent of RDF+50 per cent RDN through poultry manure recorded minimum fibre content (10.17 %) of pods. It was found that with lesser fibre content the quality of okra fruit increased. Among the treatments the maximum protein content (16.37 %) was recorded in 50 per cent of RDF+ 50 per cent of RDN through FYM treatment. Farmyard manure @ 20 t/ha and 50 per cent of RDF+ 50 per cent of RDN through FYM treatments recorded maximum ascorbic acid (19.67 mg/100g). The perusal of the data revealed that with the use of organic manure in combination with inorganic fertilizers the okra quality parameters were enhanced when compared to other treatments. The data obtained from the above study was the protein content has increased significantly by the application of different organic manures with nitrogenous fertilizers compared to the control and complete inorganic fertilizers. It was, therefore, concluded that the use of organic manure in combination with inorganic fertilizers in the production of vegetables like okra should be encouraged as it is beneficial for the physical growth of okra plant while the above said quality parameters of okra fruit are dependent only on combined manure and fertilizer dose.

Storage quality of shelled green peas under modified atmosphere packaging at different storage conditions.

Storage quality of shelled green peas (Pisum sativum var. sativum L) was investigated under modified atmosphere packaging (MAP: perforated and non perforated) compared to unsealed samples, respectively, at T1 (4±1°C and 94±2% RH) and T2 (10±1°C and 90±2% RH) for each sample and during period of storage (8, 16 and 24days). Modified atmosphere (MA) was created using low density polyethylene (LDPE) film packages having 107μm of film thickness and package size of 0.022 m(2). Quality parameters viz., weight loss (WL), total phenolic content (TPC), instrumental colour, ascorbic acid (AA) and sensory characteristics were evaluated during storage period. Weight loss was in the range of 0.18 to 3.54 (zero perforation at T1), 0.21 to 6.48(unsealed samples at T2) and 0.31 to 9.64% (zero perforation at T1) after 8, 16 and 24days of storage, respectively. Total phenolic content significantly increased to 102.47-161.54mg/100g from an initial value of 91.53mg/100g for all the samples and treatments studied. The MAP non perforated sample stored at T2 recorded maximum Hunter 'L' and '-a' colour values than all other samples. A significant decrease in AA content was observed in all the samples with maximum loss (53.77%) in unsealed sample stored at T2, whereas MAP (3 perforations) sample stored at T1 retained maximum AA (90.50%). Sensory quality analysis revealed that MAP (3 perforations) sample stored at T1 was in acceptable quality, with good appearance and overall acceptance. The study shows that shelled green peas can be stored in MAP with 3 perforations (0.4mm dia) in the temperature range of 4 to 10°C and 90-94% RH to extend shelf life with marketable quality for 24days.

Changes in physico-chemical properties of wild date palm (Phoenix sylvestris) sap over its peak production period

Phoenix sylvestris Roxb. sap plays an important role in the diet of inhabitants of tribal area of West Bengal. In the present study the sap of 15 to 20 years old trees was collected separately during December to February, 2012-13 and 2013-14 from Haringhata block in Nadia district of West Bengal (India). The results indicated that the specific gravity of the sap changed little from 1.041 to 1.052 during December to February while the total soluble solids (TSS) were found maximum during February (14.33%). Chemical composition analysis revealed that a sap with highest pH (6.75) and lowest acidity (0.04%) was found during January while the sugar/acid ratio decreased from 325.47 during January to 42.93 during February. The sap of wild date palm had the maximum ascorbic acid content (18.75 mg/100 ml) during December while it decreased to 14.58 mg/100 ml during January and 13.75 mg/100 ml during February. Alcohol content was highest during February, whereas it decreased gradually during January and December. The sap also contained ample amount of phenol ranging from 67.90 mg/100 ml to 81.47 mg/100 ml. Total sugar content was greater during February (12.50%) than during January (11.72%) and December (11.37%). The overall results revealed that the wild date palm sap is a good nutrient supplement and is opulent in TSS, vitamin C and carbohydrate. So the sap can be used as a good alternative source of health drink and to alleviate malnutrition of poor tribal population of West Bengal (India).

Effect of different levels of nitrogen and microbial inoculants on yield and quality of cabbage (Brassica oleracea var capitata) cv Pride of India

The present investigation was carried out at Bihar Agricultural University, Sabour during rabi season of 2010-11 in Factorial Randomized Block Design (RBD) for yield and quality contributing characters. The microbial inoculant (Azospirillum) significantly reduced the number of days taken to head initiation (54.74 days). The plants developed under nitrogen level of 150 kg N/ha along with microbial inoculant Azospirillum significantly produced the highest average head weight (1.653 kg) per plant. The highest head yield (527.09 q/ha) was obtained with the use of microbial inoculant Azospirillum and proved its superiority over Azotobacter. For quality components the lowest moisture content in head (80.00%) was associated with nitrogen level of 200 kg N/ha + Azospirillum. Moreover, the highest dry weight per head (117.62 g) was associated with nitrogen level of 150 kg N/ha. The plants grown at nitrogen level of N0 (0 kg N/ha) produced significantly maximum ascorbic acid in head (86.46 mg/100 g). Therefore, it may be concluded that application of microbial inoculants basically Azospirillum as seedling treatment as well as soil application of nitrogen @ 150 kg/ha was the most effective treatment combination for higher yield and quality in cabbage.

Effect of different treatments on quality and sensory attributes of osmo-dehydrated wild apricot

The fruit of wild apricot have very short life and usually goes waste. Hence, studies were conducted with the objective to develop value-added product and assess the quality parameters of osmo-dried wild apricots. The blanched and lye dipped fruits of wild apricot were dipped in sugar syrup of concentration 50 and 70°Brix for 24 h prior to mechanical dehydration. After drying, the fruits were packed in polyethylene pouches and stored at ambient conditions for six months to observe the effect of storage on quality and shelf-life. In case of osmodehydrated apricot, the maximum total sugars content (31.77%) and ascorbic acid content (10.66 mg/100 g) were observed in T6 (lye dipped + 70°Brix syrup), respectively. Sensory evaluation of osmo-dehydrated wild apricot revealed that T6 (lye dipped + 70°Brix syrup) treatment recorded the highest score for overall acceptability.

Comparison of Ascorbic Acid, Total Phenolic Content and Antioxidant Activities of Fresh Juices of Six Fruits Grown in Oman

Background: Regular consumption of fruits and their juices play a beneficial role in the prevention of many diseases owing to the presence of dietary antioxidants such as ascorbic acid, flavonoids and polyphenols. Aim: The aim of the study was to analyze and estimate total phenolics, ascorbic acid content and to investigate free radical scavenging activity of six locally grown and commonly eaten fruits in Oman. Methods: The fruits were thoroughly washed and mechanically squeezed to obtain the juices. The fruit juices after filtration were analyzed for total acidity, ascorbic acid, total phenolic content and in- vitro antioxidant activity by alkalimetery, iodimetric (volumetric), Folin Ciocalteu reagent (colorimetric) and 1,1, diphenyl picrylhyrazyl (DPPH) assay methods respectively. Key findings: Lime juice was found to be the most acidic while grapefruit juice had the maximum ascorbic acid content. Total phenolic content of the juices were observed in the following order of decreasing levels; pomegranate>grapefruit>lemon>lime>s weet melon>watermelon. The result of in- vitro antioxidant activity of all juices, barring watermelon and sweet melon, were quite significant, but the highest scavenging activity of DPPH radicals was exhibited by pomegranate juice closely followed by grapefruit and lemon juices respectively. Conclusion: The Results of this study indicated that these fruits are important to the consumer’s health and a potential source of dietary antioxidants due to their high phenolic and ascorbic acid contents.

Development of probiotic drink from cucumber usingLactobacillussp.

Probiotics are health-friendly microflora, which exert beneficial effect on our body when taken in appropriate doses. Cucumber (Cucumis sativus) is a good source of minerals and is generally used as salad. Cucumbers were gently washed and immersed in 2 per cent brine solution containing 0.1 per cent coarsely ground mustard seeds. It was fermented at 37 ± 2°C in air tight container for 7 days. The filtered liquid was stored at low temperature (4°C) for 28 days. The product had Lactobacillus count of >106 CFU per ml. The drink was supplemented separately with capsicum, ginger, sugarbeet and mint. Drink supplemented with capsicum obtained maximum sensory scores with maximum ascorbic acid content (1.89 mg/100 ml) and lowest pH (3.76). The product could be stored safely for 28 days at low temperature (4°C).

Effect of cutting frequencies and nitrogen levels on growth, green and seed yield and quality of water spinach (Ipomoea reptans Poir.)

To study the effect of cutting frequencies and nitrogen levels on growth, green and seed yield and quality of upland water spinach (Ipomoea reptans Poir.) an experiment was undertaken with four cutting frequencies (C0 = no cutting; C1 = one cutting at 45 days after sowing (DAS); C2 = two cutting at 45 and 65 DAS and C3 = three cutting at 45, 65 and 85 DAS) and five nitrogen levels (N0 = no application; N1 = 50 kg/ha; N2 = 100 kg/ha; N3 = 150 kg/ha and N4 = 200 kg/ha). Results revealed that all growth, seed yield and seed quality attributes were found to decrease significantly with higher cutting frequencies, whereas, reverse effects on all physiological attributes, green yield and its quality parameters. On the other hand, nitrogen level (upto 150 kg N/ha) had significant effect and all these parameters. The highest green yield was recorded at three cuttings and 150 kg N/ha individually and also at their interaction (16.34, 12.57 and 17.77 t/ha, respectively). Maximum value of quality parameter like vitamin A (3072.9 ?g/100 g) was recorded in one cutting with 150 kg N/hectare, whereas, maximum ascorbic acid was recorded maximum (45.31 mg/100 g) in one cutting without N fertilizer application Maximum net profit of Rs. 114324.00 with B: C ratio of 2.22:1 was obtained with combination of three cuttings and 150 kg N/ha and that may be adopted for its commercial cultivation in medium to upland situation under terai region of West Bengal.

Effect of different thickeners on quality assurance and consumer preferences in tomato ketchup

The acceptability of tomato ketchup is dependent on desired mouth feel and acceptable sourness. The acceptable tomato ketchup can be developed with 2.75% corn flour, 7 and 10% of cooked pumpkin and bottle gourd and 0.4% CMC along with 1.5% acidity as acetic acid based on RSM. The vegetable based thickener of bottle gourd and pumpkin in manufacture of tomato ketchup yielded maximum serum separation of 2.2-3.0 ml while negligible serum separation was obtained in tomato ketchup with corn flour and CMC stabilizer. Tomato ketchup with vegetable based thickener of bottle gourd and pumpkin contained maximum (40.17- 57.08 and 41.75-51.79 mg/100g) ascorbic acid, respectively among all the formulations.

Maturity stages affect the postharvest quality and shelf-life of fruits of strawberry genotypes growing in subtropical regions

The postharvest changes of five promising strawberry genotypes viz. Sweet Charlie, Festival, Camarosa, FA 008 and BARI Strawberry-1 at ambient temperature were studied under sub tropical region during the winter season (December–April) of 2010–2011 and 2011–2012 in Bangladesh. Irrespective of maturity stages percent fruit decay and weight of fruits were noted minimum in Camarosa and maximum in FA 008 up to day 4 of storage. The shelf life of fruits was maximum in Camarosa and minimum in FA 008 and BARI Strawberry-1 regardless of maturity stage throughout the storage period. The TSS, total sugar and ascorbic acid content of fruits were increased with the increase in maturity stage during the storage period. In 1/3rd and 2/3rd maturity stages, the TSS and total sugar content were found the highest in Festival but at full maturity stage those were recorded higher in Camarosa. The titratable acidity was noticed the highest in 1/3rd matured fruits and gradually decreased with the increase in maturity stage as well as storage duration in all the genotypes. Ascorbic acid content of strawberry gradually decreases during the storage period. Fully matured fresh fruits of Festival contained maximum ascorbic acid content while BARI Strawberry-1 contained minimum ascorbic acid that was reduced after 3days of storage.

Biochemical attributes of apricot as influenced by salicylic acid during ambient storage

Apricot is a delicate fruit of very short storage life, which limits the marketing options of the produce. It has high nutritional prospects and carries appreciable amounts of biologically active components and hence there is an increasing demand for fresh apricot. Keeping in view the growing interest in this fruit, the present investigation was planned to evaluate the effect of different concentrations of salicylic acid (0.5, 1, 1.5 and 2millilimol) on storage quality of apricot during ambient storage. Some biochemical quality parameters as total soluble solids, pH, acidity, ascorbic acid, total phenolics, carotenoids, antioxidant capacity and enzymatic activity (polphenol oxidase, peroxidase and catalase) were evaluated. The results revealed that salicylic acid application significantly maintained quality attributes of apricot at ambient conditions. Among different concentrations; 2 mmol/l salicylic acid retained maximum ascorbic acid, carotenoids, antioxidant activity and maintained lower levels of degrading enzymes followed by 1.5 mmol/l. The effective concentrations of salicylic acid (2, 1.5 mmol/l) slowed down ripening process and kept the produce acceptable up to 12 days, whereas, lower concentrations had no pronounced effect on fruit quality as compared to control. The results suggested that salicylic acid may be used as a postharvest treatment to extend shelf life of apricot for distant marketing.

Effect of packing and storage on the shelf life and quality of ber cv. Umran

This study was carried out to extend the quality and shelf life of ber fruits by low-cost effective packaging materials. There were 48 treatment combinations consisting oftwo packing materials (Card Board Box; Polythene Net bag) three size of the retail packing units (250 g; 500 g; - 1 kg; - 2kg) and six storage periods (Initial; 2 days; 4 days; 6 days; 8 days; 10 days). The fruits of ber cultivar Umran were harvested at optimum maturity from Horticulture Research Centre, Patharchatta, Pantnagar, Udham Singh Nagar, Uttarakhand. Ber is one of the commercial fruit crops grown in the tropical and sub-tropical region. It is considered to be“poor man's apple” due to its high nutritional, medicinal value and low cost. Ber fruits have an advantage that fruits areavailable in market during lean period and to ensure remunerative prices to growers. However, the storage life of ber is extremely short, hardly 2–4 days at ambient conditions and thus early perishability of fruit poses a problem. Among the various packaging materials evaluated for packing of berfruits, cardboard boxes were found suitable and economically viable containers involving least cost ( 3.00). Although physico-chemical properties were concerned during 10 days storage, the maximum acidity and ascorbic acid along with minimum physiological loss in weight and spoilage percentage were found in cardboard boxes packed fruits. However, maximum physiological loss in weight, spoilage, TSS, total sugars of fruits were obtained in fruits packed in polythene netbags. Sensory scores for overall acceptability were better infruits packed in cardboard boxes. Therefore, storage of 100 kg ber fruits packed in cardboard boxes showed better quality as compared to polythene net bags under ambient storage. Economics computed showed feasibility as on a total input of Rs. 1363.32 and Rs. 3000 is earned as gross returns with a netreturn of Rs. 1637. 68 with 2.20 B: C ratio.