Inflammation Of Maxillary Sinus Research Articles

BIOFILM AND HISTOPATHOLOGICAL GRADING OF MAXILLARY SINUS MUCOSA IN PATIENTS WITH ANTROCHOANAL POLYPS.

The aim of this cross-sectional study was to determine the signs of biofilm in the maxillary sinus of patients with antrochoanal polyps (ACP), and status of the mucosa on which the biofilm occurred. Mucosal samples from maxillary sinus in 40 ACP patients who underwent endoscopic sinus surgery were analyzed histopathologically and by scanning electron microscopy. Results were compared with maxillary mucosa samples of 40 patients without endoscopic and radiological signs of sinus disease. The existence of biofilm and its relation to the degree of histopathological changes according to Terrier classification of chronic mucosal inflammation of maxillary sinus were statistically analyzed. Biofilm was detected in 23 of 40 (57.5%) ACP patients; the incidence was significantly lower in the control group (2/40, 5%). Biofilm was not found in type 1 mucosa according to Terrier classification. In conclusion, biofilm showed a significant incidence in the maxillary sinus mucosa of ACP patients (57.5%). Occasionally, biofilm can be found in patients with no signs of sinus disease, but not on histologically normal mucosa. Results of this study support the theory that biofilm formation does not represent the initial stage of the inflammatory process.

Frequency and Risk Factors of Maxillary Sinusitis of Endodontic Origin Evaluated by a Dynamic Navigation and a New Filter of Cone-Beam Computed Tomography

IntroductionThe aim of this study was to determine the frequency and risk factors of maxillary sinusitis of endodontic origin (MSEO) on posterior maxillary teeth evaluated using dynamic navigation and a novel filter of cone-beam computed tomographic (CBCT) imaging. MethodsCBCT scans of 453 patients (814 teeth) were selected. Data were divided into 4 groups: (1) root canal treatment (RCT), (2) relation of the root apex to the maxillary sinus, (3) apical periodontitis (AP), and (4) maxillary sinus inflammation (no inflammation, periapical osteoperiostitis, periapical mucositis, partial obstruction, or total obstruction). Frequency distribution and cross-tabulation were used for data analysis. The association of maxillary sinus abnormalities with other variables was analyzed using the chi-square test. The significance level was set at 5%, and the association between dependent and independent variables was analyzed using robust Poisson regression models. ResultsMSEO was found in 65.6% of the cases, and the highest frequency rates were in the periapical mucositis (44%) and partial obstruction (15.8%) groups. The rates of risk factors were highest in the cases of RCT (54.9%), AP (34.3%), and the root apex in contact with the maxillary sinus (53.8%). The most frequent sex and age group were female (55.8%) and 41–50 years (30.5%). ConclusionsThe frequency of MSEO was high and positively associated with RCT, AP, and the root apex’s position in contact with the floor of the maxillary sinus. The maxillary sinus filter of the CBCT software provides a clear image of maxillary sinus abnormalities.

Influence of Periapical Lesion on Healing in Sinus after Endodontics

Abstract Objective The goal of primary and secondary endodontic treatment is to eliminate the cause of inflammation inside the tooth and in the surrounding tissues. When the inflammation from the root canal system of the tooth spreads beyond the apex of the root, periapical changes in the bone tissue and, in the case of upper premolars and molars, inflammatory changes in the Schneider membrane may occur. Materials and Methods In a retrospective documentation analysis of root canal treatments, three-dimensional (3D) computed tomography images before and after endodontic treatment were assessed to measure the thickness of the Schneider membrane. Forty-five endodontically treated patients aged 21 to 62 years were enrolled in the study. Inflammation of the maxillary sinus was considered when the Schneider membrane was thicker than 2 mm. Statistical analyses were performed with Statistica 12 by StatSoft and StatXact by Cytel using the Shapiro–Wilk test, Student's t-test, and the Mann–Whitney test. Results Out of 12 comparisons between variables, only 3 comparisons were significant. There was a relationship between the treatment effect (reduction in maxillary sinus inflammation 3 months after treatment) and the maximum height of the Schneider membrane (p = 0.004). There was a relationship between the presence of a periapical lesion and the minimum height of the Schneider diaphragm (p = 0.02), and there was a relationship between the presence of a periapical lesion and the maximum height of the Schneider diaphragm (p = 0.04). Conclusion Primary and secondary root canal treatments of maxillary premolars and molars reduce the inflammation of the maxillary sinus 3 months after treatment.

Silent Sinus Syndrome: An Uncommon Cause of Diplopia

Background: Silent sinus syndrome is a rare condition with multiple ophthalmic findings of significance. Chronic, subclinical maxillary sinus inflammation alters the pressure gradient, leading to eventual maxillary sinus collapse, orbital floor depression, enophthalmos, and diplopia.

Afección del sistema nervioso central en la enfermedad relacionada con IgG4: descripción de un caso y revisión de la bibliografía

IgG4-related disease is a recently described multisystemic clinical entity that can occur with different clinical manifestations. The most often affected organs are the pancreas, bile duct and salivary glands, with unusual central nervous system affection. A 33 year old woman who presented with cognitive impairment, hallucinations, headache, convulsive syndrome, maxillary sinus inflammation with bone involvement and evidence of pachymeningitis and panhypopytuirarism with meningeal biopsy that confirmed IgG4-related disease, after ruling out secondary causes. Treatment was started with steroids and azathioprine without relapses after 12 months follow-up. IgG4-related disease should be considered in cases of hypertrophic pachymeningitis and hypophysitis especially when no other cause has been found, even if they are not accompanied by other systemic disease manifestations, having ruled out other common causes. The treatment of choice is glucocorticoids and it could be needed to add another immuno-suppressant agent as steroid sparing and to prevent relapses. Prospective studies are needed to evaluate the different clinical and paraclinical manifestations and to establish the results of long-term treatment.

Rhinoscleroma with Involvement of the Maxillary Sinus

Journal of Case Reports in Medicine,2015,4,1,1-4.Published:March 2015Type:Case ReportAuthors:Meichan Zhu, Heng Li, Bibek Gyanwali, Guangyao He, and Anzhou Tang Author(s) affiliations:Meichan Zhu, Heng Li, Bibek Gyanwali, Guangyao He, and Anzhou Tang Department of Otorhinolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, No. 6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China Abstract:Rhinoscleroma is a chronic granulomatous infection of the upper respiratory tract, particularly affecting the nose. It is a bacterial disease mainly caused by rhinoscleromatis subspecies of Klebsiella pneumoniae. We described a case of a 72-year-old Chinese man presented with repeated epistaxis for more than 2 years without any inducing factors accompanied by nasal obstruction, purulent discharge, nasal itching irritation of the left facial skin for 9 months and right ear for 3 months. Computer tomography showed a mucosal thickening in the nasopharynx, a shrinking of the nasal cavity structure, and a maxillary sinus inflammation. MRI showed a superficial thickening of the nasopharyngeal mucosa, a disappearance of the bilateral pharyngeal orifice of the Eustachian tube, and a flake high signal in the nasal cavity and maxillary sinus. A histopathology report showed a mixed inflammatory cell infiltrate and a collection of large, foamy Russell bodies and vacuolated Mikulicz cells beneath the nasal squamous epithelium. Rhinoscleroma is a quite rare case in the Otorhinolaryngology department but it is important to consider the etiology, diagnosis, and treatment of the disease. Rhinoscleroma requires a prompt diagnosis and treatment which may be fatal if the treatment is delayed. We managed our patient conservatively using intramuscular streptomycin and hemostatic anti-inflammatory drugs. Keywords:Maxillary sinus, Mikulicz cells, RhinoscleromaView:PDF (1.7 MB) PDF Images Clinical photograph showing proptosis in the patient’s left facial skin and right ear skin was also present. Published with patient’s permission

The Relationship between Dental Indentation and Maxillary Sinusitis

Purpose: To determine the relationship between the dental root indentation and maxillary sinusitis. Methods: We assessed the records of the patients who underwent paranasal sinus computed tomography imaging for suspected sinusitis. Results: We identified a total of 52 patients with a pre-diagnosis of maxillary sinusitis. Dental indentation was detected in 58 of 104 (55.7%) sinuses. Forty six of 58 sinuses (79.3%) with dental indentation had mucosal thickening higher than 2 mm. The difference between the groups was statistically significant (p = 0.007). Conclusion: Dental indentation should be kept in mind as a reason for chronic maxillary sinus inflammation, if an underlying cause cannot be identified.

Evidence of Maxillary Sinus Inflammation in Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis

Allergic rhinitis has been frequently associated with both acute and chronic sinusitis. Previous studies have shown an influx of eosinophils into the maxillary sinus after nasal challenge with allergen. The objective of this study was to determine, in humans, if the development of seasonal allergic inflammation, secondary to natural allergen exposure, leads to similar inflammation within the maxillary sinus. Prospective, longitudinal study. Setting. Academic medical center and research laboratory. Eighteen subjects were evaluated in and out of the ragweed allergy season using subjective measures (nasal symptoms, quality of life), nasal secretory response to methacholine challenge, and evaluation of biomarkers in nasal and sinus lavages. The subjects became symptomatic during the season and reported worse quality of life and increased nasal reactivity to methacholine. The total number of eosinophils obtained by nasal lavage during the season (median= 35,691) was significantly higher compared with out of season (median = 2811, P ≤ .02). Similarly, there were significantly more eosinophils, albeit to a lesser magnitude, in the maxillary sinus during the season (median = 4248) compared with the out-of-season samples (median = 370, P ≤ .02). The authors provide evidence that natural exposure to pollen during an individual's allergy season leads to both nasal and sinus inflammation, strengthening the association between allergic rhinitis and sinusitis. The mechanism of this inflammatory response needs to be elucidated.

Nasal challenge with allergen leads to maxillary sinus inflammation

Nasal challenge with allergen leads to maxillary sinus inflammation

Nasal challenge with allergen leads to maxillary sinus inflammation

Allergic rhinitis and chronic rhinosinusitis are both characterized by chronic inflammation. We sought to investigate the effect of nasal allergen challenge on the maxillary sinus and study the effect of premedication with loratadine. We performed a double blind, crossover, randomized, placebo-controlled study in 20 allergic subjects out of season. After treatment with either placebo or loratadine (10 mg PO daily) for 1 week, a catheter was inserted into one maxillary sinus and used to lavage the cavity. The subjects then underwent nasal challenge with diluent for the allergen extract, followed by 3 concentrations of grass or ragweed. Nasal and ipsilateral sinus lavages were performed after each challenge and then hourly for 8 hours. Sneezes and symptoms were recorded, and the lavage specimens were evaluated for eosinophils and levels of eosinophil cationic protein, albumin, and histamine. Eleven of the subjects underwent a similar challenge with lactated Ringer's solution. Compared with the lactated Ringer's solution challenge, allergen challenge resulted in significant increases in most early- and late-phase nasal parameters. Allergen challenge of the nose also led to a significant increase compared with control values in maxillary sinus eosinophils and the levels of albumin, eosinophil cationic protein, and histamine during the late response. Loratadine resulted in significant inhibition of the nasal early response compared with that seen with placebo (P < .05). These findings suggest that a neural reflex or systemic allergic inflammation is responsible for the sinus inflammatory response and that this inflammatory response might play a role in the development of rhinosinusitis in allergic subjects.

Evidence of maxillary sinus inflammation in seasonal allergic rhinitis (SAR)

Evidence of maxillary sinus inflammation in seasonal allergic rhinitis (SAR)

Effect of nasogastric tubes on the nose and maxillary sinus

To estimate the proportion of patients who develop radiologic evidence of maxillary sinus inflammation among those who are maintained on nasogastric (NG) tubes after major surgery. Prospective case series. Patients were drawn from the general surgical and ear, nose, and throat units of a tertiary care hospital. All patients undergoing major surgery with or without a concurrent tracheostomy, in whom an NG tube was retained for greater than or equal to 48 hrs, were examined clinically and radiologically for evidence of maxillary sinus inflammation. Sixty-five patients were studied. Twenty patients had a concurrent tracheostomy and 45 patients were without tracheostomy. Only 10% of the patients in the tracheostomy group developed radiologic evidence of sinus inflammation, as compared with 50% in the nontracheostomy group (p less than .05). The proportion of patients who developed clinical evidence of rhinitis was about 75% in either group. However, none of the patients in the study had clinical evidence of maxillary sinusitis. There was no correlation between the age of the patient, sex, use of broad-spectrum antibiotics, or duration of NG intubation with the onset of sinus inflammation. The presence of NG tubes predisposes to nasal and maxillary sinus inflammation. Sinonasal symptoms of clinical sinusitis may not be present even when radiologic evidence of inflammation is evident. In patients with tracheostomy, the frequency of maxillary sinus inflammation is significantly lower than in those patients without tracheostomy.

Two Cases of Acute Inflammation of Maxillary Sinus in Newborn Infants

Two Cases of Acute Inflammation of Maxillary Sinus in Newborn Infants

On the connection of nasal polyps to hypertrophic inflammation of the paranasal sinuses

In 92 cases of nasal polyps and maxillary sinus inflammation, the author's aim was to find out the relationship and correlation between hypertrophic inflammation and nasal polyps, and the frequency with which the two processes are combined.

Relation of inflammation of maxillary sinus to that of nose and other paranasal sinuses : Heitger, Joseph D., Louisville, Ky. SouthernM. J., August, 1927, xx, 618

Relation of inflammation of maxillary sinus to that of nose and other paranasal sinuses : Heitger, Joseph D., Louisville, Ky. SouthernM. J., August, 1927, xx, 618