Mature Career Research Articles

Bernini: sculpting in clay

Bernini: Sculpting in Clay, edited by C. D. Dickerson, Anthony Sigel and Ian Wardropper, with contributions by Andrea Bacchi, Tomaso Montanari and Steven F. Ostrow New Haven and London, Yale University Press, 2012,416 pp., 437 colour and 35 bw Kimbell Art Museum, Fort Worth, 3 February 2013-14 April 2013.Bringing together almost all the surviving terracotta models by Gianlorenzo Bernini (1598-1680), and their related preparatory drawings, Bernini: Sculpting in Clay offers an intimate glimpse of the sculptor's hand in his work and, by extension, at work. Bernini's terracottas have been exhibited before, but only once as the exclusive focus of an exhibition, and so the ambitiously comprehensive treatment in New York and Fort Worth (with slight variations between the two places) was singular. The display of 36 fragile terracottas attributed to the sculptor and spanning his mature career, from about 1627 to 1672, makes intelligible as never before the visual traces of Bernini working, thinking, instructing and even administering.Although the terracottas were encountered as if independent objects of inherent aesthetic value, a significance Bernini probably did not invest in them, the objective of the exhibition and, more explicitly, of the accompanying catalogue was to elucidate the practical use of these models as components of an extensive, multi-media workshop practice. The organizers achieved this through a scrupulous assessment of authorship in the catalogue entries that combined art historical and technical/ scientific analysis. Their approach reprises the unprecedented technical investigation undertaken for the 1999 Fogg Art Museum exhibition of its 15 Bernini terracottas, which provided new insights into Bernini's distinctive modelling process and workshop practice. Extending the scope of the technical examination to a corpus of terracottas that the organizers attributed to Bernini, the present project furnishes the most inclusive assessment of the sculptor's engagement with clay. Their analysis of 52 models (some not exhibited) - inevitably a fraction of the estimated hundreds now lost - provides an inventory of Bernini's signature marks (like the evocatively named 'over-the-shoulder finger stroke' and 'neck fingernail pinch') as well as a deeper sense of how he shaped designs, presented ideas to patrons and directed assistants using terracottas of various size and finish. Far from being a paean to the master's hand, this focus on Bernini's touch ultimately sheds much-needed light on the complex, shifting and strategic division of labour in a workshop comprising a virtuoso leader, expert sculptors and anonymous novices, each of whom had a finger in production.The core of the Metropolitan installation featured 39 terracotta models (31 by Bernini; others produced in collaboration or by associates), and 29 drawings in chalk, ink and/or wash (26 by Bernini; others workshop productions). The integration of models and drawings highlighted the dialogical character of Bernini's multi-media process, especially how he exploited the representational and mimetic potential of one medium to complement the particular capacities of another. Bernini employed matte terracotta in his Tritons with Dolphins (cat. 11) to capture texture - rippling filaments covering tritons' tails; heads of downy curls; bristly-mouthed dolphins - and used a pen and wash Design for a Fountain with Tritons and Dolphins (fig. 27) to represent water and suggest light and shadow at play. Although the organizers adopted the post-Bernini distinction between the bozzetto (small, preliminary, sketchily executed ideas), and the modello (larger and more resolved), seeing these clay models together exposed their resistance to classification. The decision to display the terracottas in the round also laid bare Bernini's surprising lack of interest in resolving the backs of his bozzetti (and some modelli). …

Setting a course: A critical review of the literature on nurse leadership in Australia

Nurse leadership capability that is constructed, nurtured and supported from pre-registration level into the mature career stages intuitively appears to offer benefit for all health stakeholders. Literature suggests such effective nurse leadership impacts positively on not only the quality of clinical care, but also the working environment in which nursing is conducted. Yet a coordinated strategic impetus to develop this leadership capability throughout the nursing profession in Australia remains elusive to quantify. Australia produces many outstanding nurse leaders despite this apparent lack of strategic direction, and yet perhaps due to this lack of cohesive direction nursing leadership is arguably not embedded within and across the culture of the profession; or within health organizations generally. This paper seeks to critically explore the recent literature on nursing leadership in Australia, and to highlight the necessity to strengthen leadership capability across the stratified layers of the nursing workforce.

Juan Esquivel: A Master of Sacred Music during the Spanish Golden Age (review)

Juan Esquivel: A Master of Sacred Music during the Spanish Golden Age. By Clive Walkley. (Studies in Medieval and Renaissance Music.) Woodbridge, U.K.: Boydell Press, 2010. [xvi, 270 p. ISBN 9781843835875. $95.] Music exam ples, illustrations, bibliography, index. Robert Stevenson's Spanish Cathedral Music in the Golden Age (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1961) turns fifty in 2011, and I know I am not the only one who still tends to treat it as though it were published last year. It is an astonishing book, and we are lucky to have it; but it is also the kind of book that subtly, invisibly shapes to its own ends our perception of the reality it describes. It is very hard, even now, to think of sixteenth-century Spanish music without immediately conjuring the triumvirate Morales-Guerrero-Victoria, and only then adding a little asterisk for Church Masters, whom Stevenson tucked between the last two. Here now is a fulllength monograph on the music of one such Other Church Master, Juan Esquivel, and it is worth reading. Clive Walkley has written, on the face of it, a traditional life-and-works, although, as is also traditional for minor early composers, we have a lot more works than life. Esquivel's life, at least so far as it can be reconstructed today, was relatively uncomplicated. He was born around 1560 in Ciudad Rodrigo, a small city near the Portuguese border, and educated at the cathedral there; in 1581 he became the chapelmaster at Oviedo cathedral; in 1585 he took a similar position at Calahorra; and in 1591 or thereabouts he returned to Ciudad Rodrigo and his home church, where he served till his death, sometime after 1623. Essentially, then, he had a provincial education; he made a modest reputation in his twenties at other small cathedrals; and he returned, for whatever reason, to spend his whole mature career right where he began. The reason we care about Esquivel today is his three books of music: six masses published in 1608, seventy-two motets also from 1608, and a collection of mostly office music plus seven more masses from 1613. Not all of it, alas, survives complete, but even so, it is a remarkable amount of sacred music, of a gratifying variety. Walkley's approach to it all is eminently clear and sensible: we get a chapter of background, a chapter of biography, a chapter outlining the publications, three chapters devoted to the individual volumes, and a chapter of conclusions. And he writes well, with a palpable (and gratefully accepted, at least by me) effort to keep his mind open and his central message clear in the midst of what could be a welter of bibliographic information and analytical terminology. He divides the works up by type, chooses some representative examples of each type, and says what he thinks is important. Particularly welcome is his willingness to admit, as he does several times over the course of the book, that this composition has flaws, or that that one, when compared to parallel works by Guerrero (p. 97) or Palestrina (p. 102) or Victoria (p. 191), is no masterpiece. None of this, I should add, makes me any less eager to hear more Esquivel; quite the opposite. The book, for me, gains considerable authority, for its author and its subject both, by establishing itself as a labor of love but not a hagiography. There is, however, a paradox here which I hope I can explain without seeming to patronize. Walkley is obviously writing with the non-specialist in mind: he assumes very little knowledge about Renaissance music and church practices. …

Mozart: The Wonder Child: A Puppet Play in Three Acts (review)

Reviewed by: Mozart: The Wonder Child: A Puppet Play in Three Acts Deborah Stevenson Stanley, Diane Mozart: The Wonder Child: A Puppet Play in Three Acts; written and illus. by Diane Stanley. Collins/HarperCollins, 2009 [48p] Library ed. ISBN 978-0-06-072676-8$18.89 Trade ed. ISBN 978-0-06-072674-4$17.99 Reviewed from galleys R Gr. 4-7 While youthful American Idols may currently be the most prominent Wunderkinder, it's enlightening to remember that the prodigy phenomenon has been around for a while. Noted biographer Stanley takes a look at one of the Western world's most celebrated prodigies, wee Wolfgang Mozart, following his life from his first essay at the keyboard at the age of three and his entry into composing at four, to his stunningly successful European tour with his gifted sister, his awkward period when he outgrew "adorable prodigy" status and needed to compete with other capable adult musicians, and onto his mature career as a composer. As with Stanley's other biographical works (Michelangelo, BCCB 10/00, etc.), she manages a neat overview of her subject's life in surprisingly few pages; audiences will particularly appreciate her focus on Mozart the kid and the family that never quite forgave him for growing up and striking out on his own. The illustrations treat the proceedings as a marionette show performed by the famous Salzburg Marionettes, with opening spreads showing audience members as well as the performance. The views soon focus exclusively on the staged events themselves, with vertical lines indicating the strings operating the figures; there's little beyond that to indicate the puppet status of the cast, but Stanley's style generally leans toward a stylized stiffness that suits the marionette conceit well. Ultimately, it's a rather strange concept that doesn't add anything to the narrative and lacks clear motivation, but since the art is little affected by the device, it's still a successful visual evocation of Mozart's world. This is a capable addition to the ever-expanding shelf of musician biographies, and cunning professionals will find plenty of contemporary analogs with which to link it. End matter includes an explanation of Mozart's variously employed names, a note on the Salzburg Marionettes, a timeline, and a bibliography. Copyright © 2009 The Board of Trustees of the University of Illinois

“Free Swing” and the Emergent Neophonic

After briefly disbanding his Artistry in Rhythm Orchestra in the spring of 1947, Stan Kenton reformed the group to tour dance and concert halls. On 6 November the group performed at the Corn Palace in Mitchell, South Dakota, after which Kenton broadcasted an interview including an arrangement of ‘How High the Moon’ featuring June Christy. As evidenced in a recently discovered recording of this broadcast, Kenton’s contemporaneous views on the direction of jazz in 1947 provide insight into the young leader’s perspectives, values, and motivation. Alongside bold predictions concerning the future dominance of jazz in popular music, Kenton expounds upon emerging notions of “free swing” in an effort to articulate his vision for progressive jazz in terms his audience might best understand and embrace. This paper glimpses Kenton’s nascent aesthetic in context with this decisive period and explores its connection to paths he would pursue throughout his mature career.

Saint Thérèse of Lisieux , and: Thérèse of Lisieux: God's Gentle Warrior , and: Le poème de septembre: Lecture du Manuscrit B de Thérèse de Lisieux (review)

Reviewed by: Saint Thérèse of Lisieux, and: Thérèse of Lisieux: God's Gentle Warrior, and: Le poème de septembre: Lecture du Manuscrit B de Thérèse de Lisieux Mary Frohlich (bio) Saint Thérèse of Lisieux. By Kathryn Harrison. New York: Viking, 2003. 226 pp. $19.95; Thérèse of Lisieux: God's Gentle Warrior. By Thomas R. Nevin. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2006. 398 pp. $35.00; Le poème de septembre: Lecture du Manuscrit B de Thérèse de Lisieux. By Claude Langlois. Paris: Cerf, 2002. 240 pp. $37.00 Being named a Doctor of the Church in 1997 is bringing Thérèse a much broader range of attention. Previously those who wrote about Thérèse were usually her devotees, and as such they had a vested interest in presenting and defending her sanctity. Most such studies fundamentally used a theological method, exploring Thérèse's life and writings in light of classical ascetical and doctrinal themes. These three books represent the newer wave of Thérèse studies: sophisticated, interdisciplinary, iconoclastic, and sparkling with fresh insight. These boundary-crossing reflections are sometimes offensive to the devotees, for the Thérèse they sketch is often more gritty than (conventionally) saintly. Yet in the end, each writer clearly arrives at a profound admiration for this very human young woman. Each of these authors came to Thérèse as if by surprise, in the midst of a mature career occupied with quite other things. Kathryn Harrison is a New York novelist and memoirist who acknowledges having an on-again, off-again relationship with faith in God and being in an "endless, slow-mo, spiritual crisis that's never resolved."2 She is best known for enjoying writing about "taboo" subjects such as incest (her own, with her father) and priestly sex (in her novel, Poison ). [End Page 117] Thomas R. Nevin teaches Latin and Greek literature at John Carroll University and has previously published books on Irving Babbit, Simone Weil, and Ernst Jünger. Claude Langlois is a well-published French historian and emeritus director of studies for the Institut Européen en Sciences des Religions. His turn to Thérèse is a bit less out of character, since his area of specialization is nineteenth-century French religious history. Nonetheless, he appears to have waited until retirement before writing three books on Thérèse, of which this is the first. Kathryn Harrison's biography of Thérèse is part of the Penguin Lives series, for which the editors intentionally make outside-the-box matches between accomplished authors and famous subjects. Indeed, the world of an urbane New York novelist with a husband, three children, and a weekly trip to the psychiatrist could hardly seem more distant from that of the cloistered Thérèse. Although she is not a scholar in the academic sense, Harrison's eye for the striking detail often enables her to bring a fresh perspective on what one thought one knew well. Her interpretation is permeated with a post-Freudian hermeneutic of suspicion that can be disturbing for those expecting a more pious view. She presents Thérèse as a deeply lonely young woman, ravenous to be seen and loved yet incapable of making real friends (41). Unsurprisingly, she makes much of any imagery that could have a sexual connotation; for example, she glosses a line of Thérèse's poetry as representing Jesus as "a phallic flower who, crucified, bleeds milk" (116). The book reaches a turning point, however, when it confronts the "night of faith" that descended upon Thérèse eighteen months before her death. Harrison is clearly impressed. She writes: At last she has taken her place among us, not so much revealing herself as human as given birth to her naked self, plummeting to earth, wet and new and terrified. If we allow her to become a saint, if we believe in her, it's because here, finally, she has achieved mortality (146). Thus, she concludes, Thérèse has "earned her place among the moderns." Harrison writes for those moderns for...

From Elite University to Mass Higher Education

The transition research framework combines two selection mechanisms, one non-discriminatory, based on equality criteria for transition from home to education, the other discriminatory, based on suitability criteria for transition from education to labour market. With the expansive, egalitarian Nordic higher education policy as its starting point, and drawing on Bourdieuan—Collinsian ideas and Finnish census data, the article examines changes in inequality of educational opportunity and labour market returns to university graduates over the course of three decades. Two elite university generations (born in 1946 and 1966) and one mass higher education age group (born in 1976) are compared by gender and family background. Differences in participation in university education, as measured by odds ratios, have narrowed in three generations by a sequence: 19.1—10.8—8.2, being still eightfold in favour of students from academic families. The differences in relative returns to university graduates (academic versus non-academic background) were minimal for those born in 1946 (1.01), whereas for the `1966 generation' they were threefold (3.17) in favour of graduates from academic homes. Our simulations predict high returns for the 1966 generation at the mature career stage.

The prefaces of Charcot: leitmotifs of an international career.

The objective of this article was to examine the prefaces that Jean-Martin Charcot wrote for other colleagues' books and to evaluate these short essays from three perspectives: scientific material discussed, medicopolitical strategies revealed, and larger thematic issues developed. Charcot (1825-1893) was the most celebrated clinical neurologist of his epoch. In his mid and late career, he wrote very few manuscripts, delegating such work to junior colleagues or to Bourneville, who compiled Charcot's Complete Works. One particular source of direct writing from Charcot's mature career is the group of prefaces he composed for selected monographs authored by other colleagues. The prefaces from the Gasser tabulation (Bibliotheque Charcot, Paris) of Charcot's works were examined and analyzed in the context of Charcot's career. Of the 21 prefaces, 10 concerned books by other colleagues with whom he had not worked, and 11 introduced books of his students or direct colleagues. The prefaces concerned primarily two topics of direct medical interest to Charcot: localization studies of cortical and spinal cord diseases, and the combined subject of hysteria and hypnotism. In placing the works in scientific context, Charcot systematically emphasized the contributions of French neurologists, largely focusing on the Salpetriere school and its (his) discoveries. Charcot used these prefaces to summarize the major thematic elements of his career, drafting the essays in the context of such topics as medical specialization, the concept of experimental medicine, and the prioritization of human studies over experimental laboratory medicine. Although an exhaustive reading of Charcot's entire opus is needed to provide a comprehensive view of his ideas, the short and pithy prefaces, comprising fewer than 60 pages, coalesce and distill the primary themes of his international career.

The prefaces by Charcot: leitmotifs of an international career.

The objective of this article was to examine the prefaces that Jean-Martin Charcot wrote for other colleagues' books and to evaluate these short essays from three perspectives: scientific material discussed, medicopolitical strategies revealed, and larger thematic issues developed. Charcot (1825-1893) was the most celebrated clinical neurologist of his epoch. In his mid and late career, he wrote very few manuscripts, delegating such work to junior colleagues or to Bourneville, who compiled Charcot's Complete Works. One particular source of direct writing from Charcot's mature career is the group of prefaces he composed for selected monographs authored by other colleagues. The prefaces from the Gasser tabulation (Bibliothèque Charcot, Paris) of Charcot's works were examined and analyzed in the context of Charcot's career. Of the 21 prefaces, 10 concerned books by other colleagues with whom he had not worked, and 11 introduced books of his students or direct colleagues. The prefaces concerned primarily two topics of direct medical interest to Charcot: localization studies of cortical and spinal cord diseases, and the combined subject of hysteria and hypnotism. In placing the works in scientific context, Charcot systematically emphasized the contributions of French neurologists, largely focusing on the Salpêtrière school and its (his) discoveries. Charcot used these prefaces to summarize the major thematic elements of his career, drafting the essays in the context of such topics as medical specialization, the concept of experimental medicine, and the prioritization of human studies over experimental laboratory medicine. Although an exhaustive reading of Charcot's entire opus is needed to provide a comprehensive view of his ideas, the short and pithy prefaces, comprising fewer than 60 pages, coalesce and distill the primary themes of his international career.

Debussy's Late Style and the Devices of the Early Silent Cinema

The article situates Debussy’s late works within the context of the technologies of the early silent cinema. Cinematic techniques developed by French Ž lm-makers during Debussy’s lifetime can provide the basis for a model of continuity and succession in this music and suggest some new ways of approaching form in his late style. Cinema was of considerable consequence in France during Debussy’s mature career, and the technical devices of the cinema constituted a markedly new way of representing time and space. Very few of the Ž lms from the late 1890s and early 1900s have survived, but the extant Ž lm reviews and contemporary criticism provide a vivid sense of the early cinema, its reception, and its characteristic devices. Particular cinematic editing techniques are noted as models for Debussy’s own characteristic repertoire of musical devices. Finally, some of the connections are made between cinema and Debussy’s nationalism in the years surrounding the Ž rst world war. This content downloaded from 157.55.39.105 on Fri, 07 Oct 2016 04:33:57 UTC All use subject to http://about.jstor.org/terms

Cultural Relativity in the Conceptualization of Career Maturity

The present study investigated whether theories and measurement of career maturity, because of their reliance on independence in career choice attitudes as a crucial variable, may be culturally relative and therefore less valid when working with Asian Americans. Asian American (n=182) and European American (n=235) college students completed Form B1 of the Crites Career Maturity Inventory (CMI), the Self-Construal Scale (SCS), and a demographic questionnaire. Asian American participants also completed the Suinn–Lew Asian Self-Identity Acculturation Scale (SL-ASIA). As a group, Asian Americans exhibited less mature career choice attitudes than European Americans. However, High Acculturation Asian Americans and those with lower Interdependent self-construals did not differ from European Americans in maturity of career choice attitudes. Counseling implications are discussed.

CAREER CHEMISTS: THE TRANSITION TO RETIREMENT

Retirement is a significant step for anybody. Depending on when and how it comes, the event can range from being traumatic, depressing, and financially crippling to being a smooth transition to a well-earned, wellplanned, and enjoyable new phase of life. Retirement can also provide an opportunity to pursue a new job or career path. How well are chemists as a group faring in the later stages of their careers and in their transition to retirement? That basic question is one that the American Chemical Society has probed with a survey of just over 5,000 of its more than 37,000 members age 50 to 69 who live in the U.S. Dubbed the Mature Career Chemist Survey, it involved mailing a 16-page, 49-question booklet to members throughout 1999. The response rate was about 55%. The major statistical findings mostly confirm and quantify what would be expected: • A large majority of chemists with pensions, 69%, initiated their ...

Career Change for Those Over 40: Critical Issues and Insights

This article discusses the recent phenomenon of older career changers and highlights some of the strengths and proactive strategies for such people. Issues include dealing realistically with negative perceptions and stressing advantages of the mature career changer.

Career guidance center-American University of Beirut

It is worth emphasizing that career guidance and counseling services aid the youth, parents, teachers, and society in general in planning for a more constructive future. The major aim is to provide students with the appropriate assistance and the skills for reaching mature career decisions.

What Women Managers Want: Customising Human Resource Management Practices

Amanda Sinclair and Jill Ewing report on a detailed study of women managers in a large retailing organisation to discuss why women are a poorly utilised and misunderstood reserve of managerial talent. They identify three main groups- ‘family first job occupants’, ‘mature career traditionalists’ and ‘career-family committeds’- and show how each has different aspirations and correspondingly different attitudes to organisational incentives. the message to policy-makers is that they need to ‘customise’ their practices in order to relaise benefits both for their women managers and their organisations. Amanda Sinclair is Associate Professor in Organisational Studies at the Graduate School of Management of the University of Melbourne. Jill Ewing is a postgraduate student in the same university and a Senior Research Assistant at the Key Centre for Women's Health in Society.

Leadership, Academic Major, and the Career Choices of College Students

The authors explore the influence of academic major and cocurricular leadership activities on students’ ability to make mature career choices.

Esotericism as a Determinant of Debussy's Harmonic Language

Did Debussy employ an esoteric musical language, as his 3 September 1893 letter to Chausson (published in Claude Debussy Lettres, edited by Francois Lesure, Paris: Hermann, 1980, p. 51) suggests? A set of intervallic transformations that may be said to reflect such a language can be shown to exist in several works spanning the composer's mature career. An analysis of an early song, Le Balcon (1888), and the second prelude of Book I, Voiles (1910), one of the most discussed of Debussy's works, reveals a system of intervallic transformations that functions as a substitute for traditional voiceleading. Although the same system of transformations is found in works written at the beginning and end of Debussy's career, respectively, I make no claim to have uncovered Debussy's compositional system; there is no basis to suggest he employed one single system in any case. However, the results presented here may shed new light on the compositions discussed and contribute to the line of investigation opened by Roy Howat. 1

The linkage of work achievement to self-esteem, career maturity, and college achievement

This study tested whether self-esteem and mature career attitudes related to one another and complemented one another in predicting academic and work achievement for 174 college students. Analysis showed both constructs related to achievement and supported the thesis that self-esteem facilitates development of mature career attitudes, which in turn promote academic and work achievement. The findings are discussed in terms of their implications for theory and practice.

Academic advisement: An untapped resource

Colleges and universities should consider academic advising as a possible source for the solution of student attrition. According to a recent survey of 858 institutions of higher education, the negative characteristic ranked first-linked to attrition in four-year public institutions-was inadequate academic advising. Moreover, of seventeen negative characteristics listed as contributive to attrition among two-year public, two-year private, four-year public, and four-year private colleges and universities, inadequate academic advising received the highest mean ranking of 3.01.1 Many educators contend that academic advising provides the most logical vehicle for enhancing student morale. The contention that effective academic guidance is a strong retention tool is based on awareness that most college-bound students choose to attend colleges as a means of preparing themselves for attainment of their career goals. Because one major function of an effective academic advising program is to provide college students with timely and accurate career information, the importance attributed to programs of academic advising by professional educators continues to increase. The American College Testing (ACT) Program during the 1970s undertook a massive effort to determine the major causes of nonpersistence among the college population and, further, to analyze retention programs influencing students to complete their degree objectives. ACT reports that increased student retention is unquestionably an important by-product of an academic advising program-a by-product that enhances the educational process in a number of ways.2 According to ACT, the improvement of academic advising programs ranked number one among the retention efforts of some 858 institutions surveyed.3 ACT maintains that academic advising, properly delivered, plays a central role in helping students to develop more mature educational and career goals.4 Retention research suggests that commitment to educational and career goals is perhaps the strongest factor in student persistence; here lies the key to the challenge facing higher education. An academic advising program with an effective delivery system can strengthen students' understanding of the relationship between the theoretical and the practical-

Erik Erikson's theory of psychosocial development and vocational behavior.

The present investigation empirically explored the relationship between psychosocial development as described by Erik H. Erikson and vocationalchoice behavior and development. Stage resolution attitudes, derived from the first six stage crises outlined by Erikson, were explored as variables influencing problems in vocational choice and vocational maturity. Students classified in different vocational-choice adjustment groups and students scoring at different levels on the Career Maturity Inventory were compared for differences among Eriksonian stage resolution attitudes as measured by the Inventory of Psychosocial Development and the Dignan Ego Identity Scale. Findings indicated that students who had made adjusted vocational choices and developed mature career attitudes had also been more successful in positively resolving the first six psychosocial stage crises outlined by Erikson.