Matter-element Model Research Articles

Ecological Security Assessment and Warning of Cultivated Land Quality in the Black Soil Region of Northeast China

The ecological security of cultivated land critically depends on maintaining the quality of the land under cultivation. For the security of the nation’s grain supply, the evaluation and early warning of cultivated land quality (CLQ) are essential. However, previous studies on the assessment of the ecological safety of CLQ only rigidly standardized the assessment indicators and failed to investigate the positive and negative trends and spatiotemporal driving factors of the indicators. The main objective of this study was to develop a drive–pressure–state–response (DPSR) model to identify the hierarchical structure of indicators, using an improved matter–element model to assess the CLQ in the black soil region of northeastern China from 2001 to 2020. A panel data model was employed to explore the crucial drivers of CLQ warnings. The findings reveal that socioeconomic development has a potential impact on the improvement of CLQ. CLQ is generally in a secure state, with 69.71% of cities with no warnings and only 3.46% and 0.13% of cities under serious and extreme warnings, respectively. Compared with 2001, the CLQ in 2020 effectively improved by socioeconomic development and the conservation and reasonable utilization of arable land. According to the early warning results, the cultivated land in the northern regions was of higher quality than that in the southern regions. Moreover, the CLQ was significantly positively correlated with the agricultural GDP growth rate, grain yield per unit of cultivated land area, annual precipitation, and the habitat quality index, and was significantly negatively correlated with land carrying capacity. The findings of this study can provide a scientific and targeted basis for black soil conservation and utilization.

Operation safety evaluation system of ship lock based on extension evaluation and combination weighting method

Abstract Ship locks are the most widely used, promising, and important type of navigation structure in the world at present. It is, therefore, crucial to evaluate the operation safety of a ship lock in service. However, the determination of indicator thresholds is challenging. Accordingly, this paper describes the systematic study of the evaluation system of ship lock operation safety. First, the safety accidents of ship locks are counted. According to the rhombic thinking mode (that is, the thinking mode of ‘first divergence and then convergence’), with the help of extenics, a multi-indicator hierarchical indicator system including 5 first-class indicators and 47 second-class indicators for the safety evaluation of ship lock operation is established, and 4 safety evaluation grades are classified: normal, deterioration, early warning, and shutdown. The threshold range of each indicator at each grade is determined individually. Second, based on the idea of multi-factor optimization and integration, the process and the matter-element model of ship lock operation safety evaluation based on extension theory are proposed. Then the weight of the safety indicator is determined by the combination weighting method. The evaluation result is consistent with the actual situation.

Sustainable evaluation of the water footprint in Heilongjiang Province, China, based on correlation-matter element analysis

Heilongjiang Province, China, has been facing a perennial water shortage problem, and the demand for water is increasing year by year, leading to water supply difficulties and reduced water carrying capacity, which restricts the sustainable development of the region. In this paper, a water footprint (WF) sustainability evaluation system was constructed based on three dimensions: environmental, social, and economic. The correlation was used to calculate the weights of the indicators, reducing the influence of human subjectivity on the weights, and the matter element model was used to determine the sustainability of the different indicators and the ease of development to a high sustainability level. The results showed that the WF was unsustainable in 2000, 2001, 2007, and 2008 due to factors such as dry water years and low water use efficiency. The main factors affecting the sustainability of the WF in Heilongjiang Province were the per capita WF, WF composition, and regional social situation. The sustainability level of the WF in Heilongjiang Province in 2018 was at Level II, with a trend toward Level III, and the unsustainable WF in the cities of Harbin, Jixi, Hegang, Qitaihe, and Suihua was the main reason for the unsustainable WF in Heilongjiang Province. The results of this study provide a reference for the rational allocation of water resources and the sustainable use of the WF in Heilongjiang Province.

Equipment Development Scheme Decision Based on IFS‐Choquet Integral Improved Matter Element Model

An optimized matter element decision method is proposed based on intuitionistic fuzzy set (IFS) and Choquet integral to solve the problems of equipment development scheme decision (e.g., the correlation of scheme attributes and the low decision reliability of evaluation results). First, the nonlinear programming problem of expert intuition fuzzy subjective and objective decision information difference is constructed using the Choquet integral method, and the measure values and related factors of decision attributes are solved using the optimization algorithm. Second, given the comprehensive contribution of attributes, the fuzzy measure Shapley value is employed to represent the attribute weight. Last, the matter element extension model is optimized using the attribute weight information and intuitionistic fuzzy score value, and a two‐level evaluation strategy is formulated to determine the ranking and grade. On that basis, scientific decisions are made for several different schemes to be selected.

Safety Risk Assessment of Overturning Construction of Towering Structure Based on Cloud Matter–Element Coupled Model

Rapid urbanization has led to a surge in the number of towering structures, and overturning is widely used because it can better accommodate the construction of shaped structures such as variable sections. The complexity of the construction process makes the construction risk have certain randomness, so this paper proposes a cloud-based coupled matter-element model to address the ambiguity and randomness in the safety risk assessment of overturning construction of towering structures. In the pretended model, the digital eigenvalues of the cloud model are used to replace the eigenvalues in the matter–element basic element, and calculate the cloud correlation of the risk assessment metrics through the correlation algorithm of the cloud model to build the computational model. Meanwhile, the improved hierarchical analysis method based on the cloud model is used to determine the weight of the index. The comprehensive evaluation scores of the evaluation event are then obtained through the weighted average method, and the safety risk level is determined accordingly. Through empirical analysis, (1) the improved hierarchical analysis method based on the cloud model can incorporate the data of multiple decision-makers into the calculation formula to determine the weights, which makes the assessment results more credible; (2) the evaluation results of the cloud-based matter-element coupled model method are basically consistent with those of the other two commonly used methods, and the confidence factor is less than 0.05, indicating that the cloud-based physical element coupled model method is reasonable and practical for towering structure overturning; (3) the cloud-based coupled element model method, which confirms the reliability of risk level by performing Spearman correlation on comprehensive assessment scores, can provide more comprehensive information of instances compared with other methods, and more comprehensively reflects the fuzzy uncertainty relationship between assessment indexes, which makes the assessment results more realistic, scientific and reliable.

Comprehensive performance ranking and impact analysis using the best approximation matter-element model and combined weights

The evaluation of pavement conditions determines the need for pavement maintenance. To ensure that maintenance funds are allocated fairly, it is necessary to prioritize the overall performance of pavement sections based on multidimensional state data and determine maintenance priority. In this study, the pavement functional performance, structural performance, and material performance were among seven indexes chosen to evaluate to overcome the limitation of only considering the functional index in evaluating the performance of asphalt pavement. The extended matter-element model was combined with the technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution (TOPSIS) based on determining the weight of the index combination and applied to the Hubei section of the Beijing-Hong Kong-Macao Expressway to calculate the matter-element of the best closeness of the pavement performance and determine the priority of maintenance. The case study demonstrates that the proposed method can obtain an accurate ranking of the overall performance of the alternative road sections, and its superiority was demonstrated through comparative analysis. Furthermore, the degree of influence of each performance index on overall performance was determined and discussed. Among them, dynamic modulus (|E⁎|), which represents the mechanical strength of asphalt mixture material, contributed the most influence, while the rut depth index (RDI), which represents the permanent deformation level of road surface, contributed the least. This recommended evaluation method can be used to develop a pavement repair plan.

Comprehensive Evaluation on Urban Water Security Based on the Novel DPEBLR Concept Model and the Cloud Matter-Element Model: A Case Study of Chongqing, China

Urban water security problems such as water scarcity, water pollution, and flood disasters have restricted the sustainable development of cities. In order to scientifically evaluate the urban water security situation, this study combined the DPSIR (driver, pressure, state, impact, response) model and HEVD (the hazard of disaster-causing factors, the vulnerability of disaster-affected bodies, the instability of the disaster-pregnant environment, and population loss) model to propose a new conceptual framework for DPEBLR (driver, pressure, environment, insecurity-affected body, loss, response). Based on this conceptual framework, 35 indicators were selected to establish an urban water security evaluation index system. In order to solve the problem of randomness and fuzziness of the boundary values of urban water security classification levels, the cloud matter element model was applied. Chongqing was used as an example for verification, and the results showed that the water security status of Chongqing City improved from 2011 (Ⅴ) to 2019 (Ⅱ). This indicates that the water ecology restoration project, centralized water source protection project, centralized water supply project, water-saving society transformation, and flood and drought prevention system construction project implemented in Chongqing has achieved significant results. However, Chongqing still faces the problem that the construction of an urban flood control system cannot meet the speed of urban development. The government should slow down the urbanization and allow the urban flood control system to be ready before the area is occupied. In addition, the awareness of water conservation for industrial use in Chongqing has been formed, and citizens’ awareness of water conservation for domestic use should be enhanced in the future.

Designing an evaluation system to assess professional ability training in police colleges

Drawing on the main characteristics of police professional education, this paper proposes an evaluation index system consisting of four subsystems and their index sets, in which society, police units, colleges, and students themselves jointly participate. The objective of this paper is to extract both subjective and objective evaluation information to develop an effective evaluation index system for professional education in police colleges. This paper uses a method based on improved information entropy to determine the weight of each index in the evaluation system, employs this weight calculation function to determine the subjective and objective weights of each index comprehensively, evaluates the professional education of police colleges using the improved fuzzy matter-element model, and verifies the training situation faced by graduates of the police university. The results show that combined with the evaluation system thus constructed, the entropy weight and fuzzy element model exhibit strong integrity and systematicity with respect to the evaluation of professional education in police colleges and that the evaluations produced by this approach are consistent with expert analysis. The evaluation thus becomes more comprehensive and objective and receives more social recognition.

Evaluation of the Provincial Carbon Neutrality Capacity of the Middle and Lower Yellow River Basin based on the Entropy Weight Matter-Element Model

In the process of promoting economic development, carbon peaks and carbon neutrality have gradually received more attention. The question of how to steadily and rapidly improve the carbon neutrality capacity of each province and excavate the key factors hindering the carbon neutrality capacity has become particularly important. In this study, the DPSIR (driving, pressure, state, influence, response) framework was used to construct an index system of the provincial carbon neutrality capacity of the middle and lower Yellow River Basin, which included 37 indices. Based on the entropy weight matter-element model, the time evolution, regional differences, and restriction indicators of the carbon neutrality capacity of four provinces in the middle and lower Yellow River Basin from 2008 to 2021 were analyzed. The results showed that the carbon neutrality capacity of the four provinces in the middle and lower Yellow River Basin has significantly improved over time and has gradually reached a grade of “good”. Differences in carbon neutrality capacity among the provinces still exist but are gradually shrinking. the per capita car ownership, urban population density, and other factors have hindered the improvement of the carbon neutrality capacity in each province, but with the reduction in restriction indicators and increase in positive indicators such as urbanization rate, forest grass coverage, and others, the overall development direction tended to be promising.

Study on evaluation and construction of ecological livable cities in western underdeveloped areas—Take Guiyang as an example

<p>Building a sustainable, ecological, and livable city is the inevitable choice of current urban development. The evaluation of ecologically livable cities plays an important role in guiding the construction direction and development trend of ecologically livable cities. From the aspects of economic development, infrastructure, ecological environment, and social people’s livelihood, build an urban ecological livable evaluation index system, use the entropy weight method to determine the index weight, and use the matter-element analysis method to build an evaluation model to evaluate the construction of ecological livable cities in Guiyang City, Guizhou Province, from 2005 to 2015. Research shows: that from 2005 to 2015, the level of ecological livability in Guiyang increased significantly, realizing the development transformation from “not livable” to “ideal livable”, but the level of “ideal livable” was unstable in 2015. The key factors restricting the construction of an ecologically livable city in Guiyang are the insufficient area of urban roads, the low comprehensive utilization rate of industrial solid waste, and the insufficient investment in the transformation and protection of the ecological environment. The matter-element model can not only obtain the comprehensive quality information of the research object but also reveal the differentiation information of individual indicators, which is suitable for the evaluation of ecologically livable cities.</p>

Comprehensive Identification of Surface Subsidence Evaluation Grades of Mines in Southwest China

Due to their complex geological structure, it is difficult to systematically analyze the surface subsidence of coal mines in southwest China, and the factors that cause surface subsidence are also different from other coal mines. Focusing on the problem of surface subsidence caused by mining in southwest China’s mines, a grade evaluation system for surface subsidence of southwest mines is constructed based on the analytic hierarchy process, and ten evaluation indicators are established from the perspectives of mining disturbance and geological structure. A matter–element model of surface subsidence based on matter–element extension theory and a cloud model of surface subsidence based on cloud theory are then constructed. A coal mine in Anshun, Guizhou, is taken as an example to calculate the evaluation level of surface subsidence and thus verify the scientificity of extension theory and cloud theory. The results show that the main factors that affect the surface subsidence of southwest mines are the number of coal seam layers, mining height and comprehensive Platt hardness of rock, similar to that of northern plain coal mines. Surface slope and subsidence area are also very important. The comprehensive correlation degree of each grade of the coal mine is −0.29836, 0.192232, −0.1093 and −0.46531, and the coal mine is concluded to be in grade 2. The calculated similarity of the overall index evaluation cloud map of the coal mine and each grade is 0, 0.3453, 0.7872 and 0, respectively. The coal mine is in grade 2, which is a relatively safe state. Consistent with the calculation results of the extension model and in line with the field situation, the extension matter–element model and cloud model built in this paper can verify each other and have a certain scientificity.

An AHP-ME-Based Vehicle Crash Prediction Model considering Driver Intention and Real-Time Traffic/Road Condition

Although numerous studies have attempted to use vehicle motion data for real-time vehicle crash prediction, many driver behavior and road/environment factors (e.g., driving intention and pavement condition) have not been considered. In order to cope with increased complexity and extent crash risk assessment with the consideration of factors like driving intention and pavement condition, this paper (a) combines driver intention, vehicle motion, and dynamic traffic environment into the assessment of the conflict risk in real time, (b) establishes a hierarchical analysis model for quantitatively describing driving safety based on an Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), and (c) applies a Matter Element (ME) Model to take multiple factors, which are heterogeneous in terms of nature of analysis (quantitative or qualitative) and measure units, into account, and provide a comprehensive evaluation of vehicle crash risk. Finally, a set of simulation cases are used to compare the detection efficiency of the proposed method with ANN and SVM for vehicle collision. The example analysis shows that the proposed AHP-ME model can more accurately predict the collision risk of vehicles. Moreover, the proposed AHP-ME model provides an effective solution to unify multi-factors (driver intention, vehicle motion, and dynamic traffic environment) into an integrated decision-making framework.

An object–pressure–endurance–resilience system for assessing the vulnerability of coastal zone ecosystems

As a zone of interaction between land and sea, coastal zones are important carriers of the marine economy, and they are the focal point for strategies related to strengthening a country by means of the sea. As the coastal zones are where land and sea are most closely linked, they become a strategic area for achieving sustainable expansion of the blue economic space. Coastal zones have some capacity to cope with and recover from the adverse effects of ecological pressure, which is the coastal zone ecosystem vulnerability. However, given the vulnerability of coastal zone ecosystems and the existence of considerable ecological pressure, it is necessary to systematically assess coastal zones’ vulnerability and propose targeted countermeasures. First of all, this paper uses normative research methods and the methods that combine quantitative research with qualitative research to investigate the assessment of coastal zone ecosystem vulnerability and propose solutions for related governance. Second, based on an analysis of the shortcomings of existing methods, this study constructed an index system based on “object–pressure–endurance–resilience” (O-P-E-R) to assess coastal zone ecosystem vulnerability. O-P-E-R takes into account the triad of nature–society–culture and systematically defines ecosystem vulnerability. In the meantime, a combined weight calculation method that considers subjective and objective weights was proposed based on an improved group analytic hierarchy process (GAHP) method and the entropy weight method. Further, based on the standardization and normalization of indicator values, a method and scale for assessing coastal zone ecosystem vulnerability were proposed based on an improved matter-element model. In conclusion, the research has established a coastal zone ecosystem vulnerability assessment system that not only expand the safety management of coastal zone ecosystems but also provide a theoretical basis for governments to formulate related policies.

Identifying the habitat quality of Scutellaria baicalensis based on baicalin content using the fuzzy matter element model

Plants form the basis of sophisticated traditional medicine systems, and information on the spatial distribution of high-quality medicinal herbs is a prerequisite and foundation for their effective utilization and conservation. Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi is a traditional Chinese medicinal plant, and baicalin is the main active ingredient of S. baicalensis. This research collected 470 samples of S. baicalensis through fieldwork and extracted baicalin content by high-performance liquid chromatography. We also collected 240 distribution sites from previous studies, which did not include effective content information. Then, based on 240 distribution sites of S. baicalensis and corresponding environmental variables via the MaxEnt method, we determined the distribution region of wild S. baicalensis. Next, a fuzzy matter element model was used to build the relationship between environmental variables and baicalin content. Finally, we integrated all the results to assess the habitat quality of the baicalin content in S. baicalensis across China. The results showed that compared with the genuine producing area of S. baicalensi, the high-quality habitats for a high baicalin content are further south. And the areas of habitat with high content of wild S. baicalensis based on baicalin in China were approximately 3.1 × 105 km2. The habitat of each category covered a large area in the distribution and the baicalin content differed from category to category obviously. Climatic factors wouldn’t only be an indicator for identifying the potential distribution area, but also for forming some secondary metabolites such as baicalin. In conclusion, it is necessary to label the produce place of S. baicalensis plant when used as herbal medicine. Our results provide a reference for the establishment of S. baicalensi plantations.

Water security comprehensive evaluation model based on comprehensive weight and improved matter-element

As a multi-objective decision-making system, water security evaluation is suitable for the evaluation with a matter-element model. However, in the traditional matter-element model, the eigenvalue of matter-element cannot be calculated when it is beyond the range of nodes, and the calculation process is complex and error-prone. In this paper, improved analytic hierarchy process with entropy weight were combined to calculate the water security comprehensive evaluation index weight, avoiding the over-subjective or over-objective weight value. The normalization of matter-element improves the rationality of the matter-element correlation function and expands the application scope of the model, while the standardization of comprehensive proximity improves the accuracy of model results. Guangdong Province was taken as an example to verify the practicability of the model in the evaluation of the water security comprehensive index. The results show that from 2004 to 2019, the overall water security of Guangdong Province showed a trend rising from deteriorated grade to safe grade and the model results were in line with the facts. As a result, the water security comprehensive evaluation model based on comprehensive weight and improved matter-element is simple, practical, and suitable for the multi-level and multi-factor regional water security comprehensive evaluation.

Measurement of Entropy Evaluation Method and Matter-Element Analysis Model

Tourism carrying capacity means the intensity of tourism activities that can be accommodated by urban tourism. In this study, urban tourism carrying capacity is analyzed from five aspects, namely, tourism resources, tourism security, economic base, social environment and ecological capacity. Harbin City’s tourism carrying capacity is measured based on an entropy evaluation method and a matter-element analysis model. In this paper, the five aspects are subdivided, and the entropy method and matter-element analysis model are used to calculate the tourism carrying capacity of Harbin. The calculation results show that from 2010 to 2021, the tourism carrying capacity of Harbin is on the rise. From these indicators, it can be seen that ecological capacity and social environment are the best for tourism carrying capacity development. In terms of tourism resources and tourism security, the preliminary construction effect is obvious, and the tourism carrying capacity increases significantly, but after 2016-2017, there is a significant downward trend. The economic level is growing significantly, and the effect is obvious. It can be seen that the index of economic foundation has been steadily improving and will be at the highest value in five measures in 2021.

Evaluation of Talent Attraction in New First-Tier Cities – Based on Entropy Weight Matter-Element Theory

Talent is a strategic asset of urban development, and it is a component of the comprehensive competitiveness of cities. Under the background of increasing competitions for talents in various places, it is particularly important to scientifically and objectively evaluate the attraction of urban talents. On the basis of constructing a comprehensive evaluation index system of urban talent attraction, the weight of evaluation index is determined by entropy weight method to establish the evaluation model. Based on the panel data of 10 new first-tier cities in Chengdu, Hangzhou, Nanjing, Wuhan, Tianjin, Xi’an, Chongqing, Qingdao, Shenyang, and Changsha from 2017 to 2019, the entropy weight matter-element model is constructed to measure and evaluate the talent attraction in new first-tier cities. Countermeasures and suggestions for urban talent absorption and management are put forward in this paper.

Research on security risk assessment mechanism of important\xa0event based on multi-source data

In order to effectively assess all types of security risks in the important event, the important decision-making basis for security risk warning and emergency management of important event is provided by analyzing the coupling relationship and evolution mechanism between various risks. The criminal causes, management defects, security and emergency system construction are analyzed from the possibility of accidents and risks. The multi-source data risk assessment system based on five subsystems and its index set of human factors, management factors, site factors, event factors and audit factors are proposed. The weight of each index in the assessment system is determined by the method of information entropy, and then the risk grade of important event is determined according to the weight calculation function and the improved fuzzy matter element model. The verification with an example shows that: the risk assessment model is optimized by combining entropy weight with fuzzy matter-element model, the influence of weight data extreme value was weakened, the qualitative description and quantitative analysis of multi-source data could be combined, and the subjective error was reduced. The risk grade of important event is reasonably evaluated, and the assessment effect is basically consistent with the expert inspection analysis, which shows that the method had certain application value.

Health status assessment of smart meters based on variable weight and index cloud matter‐element model

Smart meters are one of the crucial terminals in the construction of smart grids, and it is necessary to assess their health status to prevent failures. Based on a hierarchical evaluation index system, this study improved the entropy method and adopted a combined weighting method to integrate subjective and objective weights. The authors constructed an index cloud matter-element model to develop the extensibility of the matter element and used the correlation between the level and index clouds to evaluate the health status of smart meters. Here, the level cloud model and the index cloud model reflected the fuzziness of the boundary of the health level and the uncertainty of the sampling data of indexes, respectively. Based on the theory of constant weight decision and variable weight, the weight was adjusted dynamically by combining the real-time operation data of the entropy method, and the evaluation results were corrected in real time to elucidate the effect of extreme changes and unhealthy conditions on smart meters. Verification of the calculation example demonstrated accurate evaluation using the method in this study, and the maintenance schedule could be adjusted reasonably.

Research and Evaluation on Safety Critical Information of Road Tanker for Dangerous Liquid Goods Based on Multi-source Data

Due to the flammable and explosive characteristics of dangerous goods and the complex road transportation environment, there are many safety risks in the road transportation of dangerous goods. Road tanker for dangerous liquid goods(Hereinafter referred to as "vehicles" unless otherwise specified) is one of the typical vehicles for road transportation of dangerous goods. In order to improve the intrinsic safety level of vehicles, this paper analyzes the basic data information of liquid dangerous goods tank vehicles on several existing related system platforms. According to the cause mechanism of the accident, combined with the analysis of vehicle accidents, eight influencing factors of vehicle accidents focusing on the intrinsic safety of vehicles are proposed, and the critical information of vehicle safety is constructed.Taking these critical safety information as evaluation indexes, a vehicle safety risk evaluation model is established based on the Extension matter-element model. Finally, it is applied in practice.