Matter-element Extension Theory Research Articles

Research on Safety Evaluation of Stadium Reconstruction Construction Based on Combination Weighting Extension Model

As an important carrier of sports services and the main force participating in the “short board” project of urban development, the renovation and upgrading of old stadiums have become an important trend for the sustainable development of venues in the context of urban renewal, consumption upgrading, and national fitness. However, owing to the complexity of the transformation process, the probability of safety accidents continues to increase, posing a serious threat to national property security. In order to reasonably evaluate the safety of the stadium renovation construction process and reduce the incidence of accidents in the renovation project, this study proposed a safety evaluation model for the stadium renovation construction based on the combination weighting extension model. First, according to the 5M1E theory, 27 influencing factors were selected, a safety evaluation index system for stadium reconstruction construction was constructed, and the safety evaluation grade of the index was quantified. Second, based on the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and improved entropy weight method, the combination weight of the index was determined, and a safety evaluation model was constructed using the matter–element extension theory. Finally, the established evaluation model was applied to the example of stadium renovation, and the construction safety level of the renovation project was obtained. The research results showed that the model has strong operability, and the evaluation results are reasonable and reliable, providing a new concept for the safety control of stadium reconstruction construction.

Evaluation of Operational Safety Risk in Wastewater Treatment Plants Based on WSR and Matter–Element Extension Theory

Wastewater treatment plants are of significant importance in facilitating China’s urbanization process. The fundamental purpose of wastewater treatment plants is to control water pollution and protect the environment. It is therefore essential that they are operated in a safe manner in order to achieve this goal. In order to guarantee a systematic and objective assessment of the operational safety risks inherent to wastewater treatment plants, the Wuli–Shili–Renli (WSR) theory has been introduced. Accordingly, a three-dimensional evaluation index system was developed for the assessment of these risks. A combination of subjective and objective methods utilizing game theory was employed to determine comprehensive risk factor weights. Subsequently, the material–element extension theory model was implemented in a wastewater treatment plant situated in the northern region of the Changchun Development Zone. The assessment classified the plant as Level 1 (safe), although it was determined that improvements in accident prevention are necessary. This study presents a robust framework for operational safety assessment that contributes to enhanced risk management and the long-term reliability of wastewater treatment operations. The results of the sensitivity analyses provide substantial evidence of the reliability and validity of the model.

Application of Research on Risk Assessment of Roadway Roof Falls Based on Combined Weight Matter Element Extension Model

Roof falls in coal mine roadways are the main causes of many casualties, shutdowns and production plan delays. To understand the relationship between the influencing factors of roadway roof fall accidents and the importance ranking of the accidents, we will reduce safety accidents in coal mines. To enable the timely prediction and control of roadway roof fall risks, based on the investigation of many roadway roof fall risk factors, 12 evaluation indexes such as the roadway roof rock thickness, geological conditions and roadway section shape were selected. An evaluation index system of roadway roof fall risks is constructed. A risk degree standard of roadway roof falls is proposed. The risk evaluation model of roadway roof falls was established by using the combination weight of the analytic hierarchy process (AHP), entropy weight method (EW) and matter element extension theory. According to the principle of the maximum membership degree, the risk degree of roadway roof falls is determined. Based on Java Web, a risk assessment system for roadway roof falls was developed. We name the system Multiple Weight-Material Element Web (MW-MEW). The MW-MEW system was used to evaluate the risk degree of roof falls in the C9 return airway of the Xingu Coal Mine. Compared with the evaluation results of the AHP matter element extension model, it is found that the evaluation results of the MW-MEW system are more in line with the actual engineering conditions. The successful application of the MW-MEW system will provide new avenues for the quantitative evaluation of roof fall risks in coal mine roadways.

Resilience evaluation of low-carbon supply chain based on improved matter-element extension model.

How to evaluate the resilience level and change trend of supply chain is an important research direction in current supply chain management practice. This paper proposes a new method of supply chain resilience assessment based on hesitant fuzzy linguistic term set (HFLTS) and matter element extension theory. Firstly, based on the research status quo at home and abroad, a low-carbon enterprise supply chain resilience assessment index system is established, which includes six first-level indicators and corresponding 21 second-level indicators of product supply resilience, resource resilience, partner resilience, information response resilience, financial resilience and knowledge resilience. Secondly, HFLTS was used to collect expert opinions and Ordered Weighted Arithmetic (OWA) to calculate the expert composite language, by which the fuzzy evaluation matrix of supply chain resilience assessment indicators was obtained. Once again, the resilience indicator weights are determined based on a game-theoretic portfolio assignment method combining the best-worst method (BWM) and the CRITIC method. Finally, the nearness degree function is combined with the extension comprehensive evaluation method to improve the matter element extension model, and the supply chain resilience assessment model of low-carbon enterprises based on the game theory combination assignment-improved matter element extension is established. Taking X low-carbon enterprise as an example, the evaluation results show that the supply chain resilience level of this enterprise is II, and the eigenvalue of the grade variable is 2.69, and the supply chain resilience is shifting to III, and the supply chain resilience is shifting to III, which indicates that the supply chain resilience of this enterprise is being enhanced. Therefore, the improved matter element extension not only ensures the accuracy of the evaluation results, but also has higher prediction accuracy.

Source Appointment and Assessment of Heavy Metal Pollution in Surface Dust in the Main District Bus Stops of Tianshui City

In this study, a PMF model was used to identify the sources and pollution level of heavy metals in the surface dust of a bus station. On the basis of the traditional heavy metal pollution evaluation methods, the Hakanson toxicity response coefficient was used to modify the traditional weight. The matter-element extension theory was introduced to reflect the toxicological properties and hazard degree of the heavy metals, and the matter-element extension model was established to evaluate the pollution level of heavy metals in the surface dust of the study area. The results were compared with Igeo, PN, and RI. ① Except for Co and V, the other heavy metals were higher than the Gansu soil background values by 1.29-9.30 times. The points of Cu and Pb exceeded the rate by 100%, and Cr, Ni, and As exceeded the rate by 96.15%, 94.23%, and 96.15%, respectively. ② PMF showed that source 1 was a natural source, and its contribution rate to V was 32.12%. Source 2 was natural-traffic pollution sources, contributing 51.50% and 33.37% to Cu and Co, respectively. Source 3 was a construction waste pollution source, with contribution rates of 45.06% and 44.70% for Cr and Ni, respectively, and source 4 was a coal-traffic mixed source, with contribution rates of 49.89% and 75.25% for As and Pb, respectively. ③ The matter-element evaluation results showed that the surface dust of the bus stops was mainly class IV (moderately polluted), and 13% of sample points were still clean, 37% were moderately polluted, and 25% were slightly and heavily polluted. The results of this method were quite different from the PN results and were more consistent with the RI results, indicating that its evaluation results were more sensitive and can be used for heavy metal pollution assessment.

Research on the evaluation method of the cost deviation control effect for complex large-scale construction projects based on the matter-element extension theory

Research on the evaluation method of the cost deviation control effect for complex large-scale construction projects based on the matter-element extension theory

Research on the evaluation method of cost deviation control effect for complex large-scale construction projects based on the matter-element extension theory

Research on the evaluation method of cost deviation control effect for complex large-scale construction projects based on the matter-element extension theory

Suitability Evaluation of Old Industrial Buildings Transformed into Stadiums

The regeneration and utilization of idle, old industrial buildings in urban areas has become a focus of urban development, owing to urban renewal and industrial structural adjustment. At the same time, the increasing demand for sports space has highlighted the insufficient supply of sports facilities in cities. To solve this dilemma, the transformation of old industrial buildings into sports venues has become another mode of recycling and reuse in recent years. Due to the many specialties, complex contents, and numerous influencing factors involved in the transformation process, the suitability of these buildings is uncertain. To ensure the suitability of the transformation project, the theory of old industrial buildings recycling and sports building design specifications was used. An index system was established for the evaluating the suitability of transforming old industrial buildings into stadiums, which included five first-level and twenty second-level indices. Based on the matter–element extension theory, a suitability evaluation model was constructed to transform old industrial buildings into sports venues. The correlation function of each evaluation index was calculated, and the index weight was determined using the entropy weight method to obtain the suitability grade of the renovation project, which was verified by the renovation project case. The research shows that the suitability level of the renovation project is level II, which is consistent with the actual situation, indicating that the evaluation model—based on entropy weight method and matter–element extension method—for the transformation of old industrial buildings and stadiums has high reliability.

Rockburst tendency prediction based on an integrating method of combination weighting and matter-element extension theory: A case study in the Bayu Tunnel of the Sichuan-Tibet Railway

The Bayu Tunnel is the most problematic tunnel project in the Lhasa-Nyingchi section of the Sichuan-Tibet Railway. Rockbursts have occurred frequently during the construction process, which has seriously threatened the safety of construction workers and equipment. Aiming at the rockburst hazard prediction problem of the Bayu Tunnel, in this paper an integrating method of combination weighting and matter-element extension theory is proposed. This method introduces the rock brittleness evaluation index BICSS, Russenes criterion and rock mass integrity coefficient as the main rockburst evaluation indexes, which characterized the control factors of rock physical and mechanical property, surrounding rock stress and rock mass integrity on rockburst tendency, respectively. Then the rockburst tendency evaluation index system is constructed. The weight of each rockburst control factor is determined by the combination weighting algorithm of triangular fuzzy number analytic hierarchy process (TFN-AHP), criteria importance though intercriteria correlation (CRITIC), and determination of comprehensive weight (MDI). The correlation degree between the rockburst sample and rockburst grade can be calculated using the matter-element extension theory, after which the prediction of rockburst grade is carried out. Finally, the applicability, superiority and the necessity of selected rockburst control factors in this method are verified and discussed further. The research results provide a new analysis method and technical means for rockburst tendency assessment of deep tunnel.

Comprehensive Identification of Surface Subsidence Evaluation Grades of Mines in Southwest China

Due to their complex geological structure, it is difficult to systematically analyze the surface subsidence of coal mines in southwest China, and the factors that cause surface subsidence are also different from other coal mines. Focusing on the problem of surface subsidence caused by mining in southwest China’s mines, a grade evaluation system for surface subsidence of southwest mines is constructed based on the analytic hierarchy process, and ten evaluation indicators are established from the perspectives of mining disturbance and geological structure. A matter–element model of surface subsidence based on matter–element extension theory and a cloud model of surface subsidence based on cloud theory are then constructed. A coal mine in Anshun, Guizhou, is taken as an example to calculate the evaluation level of surface subsidence and thus verify the scientificity of extension theory and cloud theory. The results show that the main factors that affect the surface subsidence of southwest mines are the number of coal seam layers, mining height and comprehensive Platt hardness of rock, similar to that of northern plain coal mines. Surface slope and subsidence area are also very important. The comprehensive correlation degree of each grade of the coal mine is −0.29836, 0.192232, −0.1093 and −0.46531, and the coal mine is concluded to be in grade 2. The calculated similarity of the overall index evaluation cloud map of the coal mine and each grade is 0, 0.3453, 0.7872 and 0, respectively. The coal mine is in grade 2, which is a relatively safe state. Consistent with the calculation results of the extension model and in line with the field situation, the extension matter–element model and cloud model built in this paper can verify each other and have a certain scientificity.

BIM-Based Green Hospital Building Performance Pre-Evaluation: A Case Study

With ecological problems and energy crises intensifying today, greening is essential to sustainable development. Compared with other types of buildings, hospital buildings account for a relatively larger proportion of building energy consumption. In order to realize the rapid cycle optimization of a green hospital project in the design stage and improve the green grade of the building, a pre-evaluation Building Information Model (BIM) of green hospital building performance was established in this study. Firstly, the literature review and expert consultation established the building performance pre-evaluation index system for green hospitals. Then, BIM technology is taken to extract data needed for building a performance pre-evaluation system, and the Cloud Model and the Matter–Element Extension Theory are used to build models. The final green grade calculation is realized in MATLAB. Finally, the Maluan Bay Hospital is taken as an example to test the applicability and effectiveness of the proposed model. The results show that the green hospital building performance pre-evaluation model has advantages of simulation, cyclic optimization and fuzzy quantification, which can effectively guide the design and construction of a green hospital.

Risk evaluation of tailings dam based on game theory and matter-extension theory

The safety and stability of tailings dam are directly related to the safety of life and property of downstream residents and the ecological and environmental safety of downstream rivers and farmland. During the operation stage of the tailings pond, safety assessment shall be carried out from seepage damage of the tailings dam, instability of the dam foundation, structural damage of the dam body, flooded roof, and safety management, etc. Aiming at a tailings pond in the running stage of Guangxi Province in China, by establishing the evaluation index system and its grading standard of the tailings dam-break, the subjectivity and objectivity of the evaluation index are taken into consideration by the combination of matter-element extension theory and game theory. Meanwhile, in order to solve the problem of the defect of the correlation function when the eigenvalue exceeds the controlled field and of the incommensurability for different units, a linear dimensionless method is adopted. The results show that the grade of tailings dam-break is I, and the eigenvalue of grade variable is 1.3, that is, the tailings pond is a “normal tailing reservoir”, but there is a risk of evolution to the “sickness tailing reservoir”. Thus, corresponding measures must be taken to prevent. In addition, the result of the two methods is consistent by comparing with the unascertained measure method, which not only validates the accuracy of the evaluation method, but also embodies the unique advantage of possessing the eigenvalue of grade variable to alert its evolution direction.

Durability Evaluation of Concrete Bridges Based on the Theory of Matter Element Extension—Entropy Weight Method—Unascertained Measure

To accurately evaluate the durability of reinforced concrete girder bridges, a durability evaluation model was developed based on the matter element extension theory, entropy weight method, and unascertained measure theory. A total of seven indicators were selected for durability evaluation: the concrete presumed strength uniformity coefficient, reinforcement corrosion potential level, chloride ion content, average value of concrete relative carbonation depth, crack width, resistivity, and characteristic value of the reinforcement protective layer thickness. The weights of the durability evaluation indices were assigned using matter element extension combined with the entropy weight method, and the multi-indicator comprehensive evaluation vector was obtained by combining the single-indicator measurement matrix. The evaluation results were analyzed by applying the confidence criterion. The results showed that the evaluation results of this model matched with the actual conditions of the girder bridges, which indicates that this durability evaluation model has good applicability and is reasonable. Finally, a comparative study proved that the model could accurately evaluate the bridge durability.

Variable Weight Matter–Element Extension Model for the Stability Classification of Slope Rock Mass

The slope stability in an open-pit mine is closely related to the production safety and economic benefit of the mine. As a result of the increase in the number and scale of mine slopes, slope instability is frequently encountered in mines. Therefore, it is of scientific and social significance to strengthen the study of the stability of the slope rock mass. To accurately classify the stability of the slope rock mass in an open-pit mine, a new stability evaluation model of the slope rock mass was established based on variable weight and matter–element extension theory. First, based on the main evaluation indexes of geology, the environment, and engineering, the stability evaluation index system of the slope rock mass was constructed using the corresponding classification criteria of the evaluation index. Second, the constant weight of the evaluation index value was calculated using extremum entropy theory, and variable weight theory was used to optimize the constant weight to obtain the variable weight of the evaluation index value. Based on matter–element extension theory, the comprehensive correlation between the upper and lower limit indexes in the classification criteria and each classification was calculated, in addition to the comprehensive correlation between the rock mass indexes and the stability grade of each slope. Finally, the grade variable method was used to calculate the grade variable interval corresponding to the classification criteria of the evaluation index and the grade variable value of each slope rock mass, so as to determine the stability grade of the slope rock. The comparison results showed that the classification results of the proposed model are in line with engineering practice, and more accurate than those of the hierarchical-extension model and the multi-level unascertained measure-set pair analysis model.

Improving the ecological environmental performance to achieve carbon neutrality: The application of DPSIR-Improved matter-element extension cloud model

Ecological environmental issues are global focus problems. Achieving carbon neutrality is a fundamental measure to protect the ecological environment. Government environmental governance plays a key role in the process of moving towards a carbon neutral vision since the externality of the environment. Therefore, it is of great significance for achieving the goal of carbon neutrality to evaluate the governmental ecological environment performance and propose improved suggestions based on the evaluation results. However, most existing evaluation methods have the disadvantages that it is difficult to avoid information distortion and loss during the evaluation process. To overcome these problems, an evaluation model based on a DPSIR-improved matter-element extension cloud model is proposed in this study, which combines the Drivers-Pressures-State-Impact-Response (DPSIR) model, the entropy weight method, the cloud model, matter element extension theory, and the cloud entropy optimization algorithm. The ecological environmental performance of China in 2019 was evaluated based on the proposed model, exampling as Jiangsu province. The results showed that the cloud digital eigenvalues of ecological environmental performance was (2.1852, 0.2956, 0.1), indicating that the ecological environmental performance was good level. However, the ambient air quality needed to be improved. To achieve carbon neutrality, suggestions including strengthening propagating, increasing investment, optimizing the industrial structure, and building a modern environmental governance system are proposed.

A semi-quantitative methodology for risk assessment of university chemical laboratory

University chemical laboratory is a high-risk place for teaching and scientific research due to the presence of various physical and chemical hazards. In recent years, university chemical laboratory accidents occur frequently. This urges the need to enhance university chemical lab safety. A semi-quantitative methodology comprising Matter-Element Extension Theory (MEET) implemented with Combination Ordered Weighted Averaging (C-OWA) operator is proposed to assess the risk of a university chemical laboratory. First, an index-based risk assessment system of university chemical laboratory is built by identifying various risk factors from a system perspective. Then, C-OWA operator is used to calculate the weight of assessment indices, whereas MEET is employed to determine the correlation degree of assessment indices. Finally, the comprehensive risk of university chemical laboratories is assessed, and some safety measures are proposed to reduce the risk of university chemical laboratories. The applicability of the proposed methodology is tested using a practical case. It is observed that the methodology can be a useful tool for risk assessment and management of university chemical laboratories.

A Novel Comprehensive Benefit Evaluation of IEGES Based on the TOPSIS Optimized by MEE Method

The integrated electricity–gas energy system (IEGES) coordinates the power system and natural gas system through P2G equipment, gas turbines and other coupling components. The IEGES can realize wide-range and long-distance transmission of electricity, heat and natural gas, and truly realize large-scale cross-regional energy supply in space. At present, the theoretical system applicable to the comprehensive benefit evaluation of the IEGES has not been established, and the economic, environmental and social benefits of the system are still at a preliminary study stage. Therefore, the comprehensive benefit evaluation model of the IEGES is constructed, and the integrated benefit evaluation indicator system of the IEGES is designed along the investment and planning, energy supply, equipment operation, power distribution and terminal user. Through the combination of subjective and objective indicator weighting methods, the weights of each indicator are clarified and the matter-element extension theory (MEE) is used to improve the technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS), and the comprehensive benefit evaluation model of the IEGES is established. Finally, taking Beijing Yanqing IEGES, Tianjin Eco-city No. 2 Energy Station and Hebei IEGES III as an example, the practicability and effectiveness of the evaluation indicator system and model are verified.

Safety Assessment of Rigid Frame Cantilever Construction Based on Matter-Element and Extension

In order to effectively evaluate the safety status of the cantilever construction of a large-span rigid frame bridge, this paper takes a four-span rigid frame bridge as the engineering background, selects the failure probability of the cantilever construction, the natural environment, the cantilever construction operation, and the management level as the evaluation factors and divides the possibility level into Five levels, an extension model is established to evaluate the cantilever construction of the bridge. This paper first uses fuzzy comprehensive evaluation to quantify the natural environment and cantilever construction technology, then calculates the failure probability of the bridge cantilever construction based on Monte Carlo theory, and finally scores according to the management level of the management system. Invite relevant experts to obtain the weight set of each evaluation factor through the 1-9 scale method, and use the goodness evaluation method in the matter-element extension method for evaluation. The results show that the safety assessment result of the cantilever construction of the bridge is a medium risk, which provides a reliable basis for predicting and avoiding risks. Based on the matter-element extension method, the rigid frame cantilever construction safety assessment takes into account the uncertainty and ambiguity of failure, and more objectively reflects the safety status of the cantilever construction during the construction period. The calculation results of different safety evaluation models are compared with the results of this paper, which verifies the feasibility and effectiveness of the matter-element extension theory applied to the safety evaluation of cantilever construction.

Evaluation of roadway water hazard level based on extension connetion cloud model

Accurately assessment of water hazard level in coal mine can improve the water hazard prevention and control in coal mine and reduce the occurrence of water inrush disaster. Based on the theoretical and practical study of coal mine water disaster accidents, a water disaster assessment index system was established. The transformation between qualitative and quantitative indicators was realized by the matter-element extension theory and the cloud model, the state value of the index and the corresponding risk grade membership value were determined by the connection cloud model, and the method of game theory was used to value the comprehensive weight of evaluation index to reduce the randomness and subjectivity in the determination of weight. Based on the principle of distance similarity, the evolution trend of risk can was estimated to strengthen the early warning of trend risk. The application in Feicheng mining area showed that the extension connection cloud model evaluation is appropriate to the evaluation of coal mine water hazard, and the quantitative characterization of water hazard risk is of great significance to guide coal production to be safe.

Operation Health Assessment of Power Market Based on Improved Matter-Element Extension Cloud Model

The complex power system and trading environment in China has led to higher requirements for the efficient and stable operation of the electricity market. With the continuous advancement of power system reforms, regular evaluation of the operation of the market can help us grasp its status and trends, which is of great significance for ensuring its sustainable development. In order to effectively evaluate the current operational status of the electricity market, the concept of operation health degree of power market (OHDPM) is proposed to measure whether the operation is safe, efficient, and sustainable. This paper establishes an improved model framework based on the matter-element extension theory for evaluation. In order to effectively avoid information distortion and loss in the evaluation process, this paper combines the cloud model, matter element extension theory, ideal point method (IPM), and cloud entropy optimization algorithm to deal with this problem. The matter-element extension cloud model (MEECM) can clearly represent the characteristics of the object to be evaluated. IPM is used to determine the weight of the index. For the improved matter-element extension model, the traditional rules of “3En” and “50% relevance” are taken into account, and the method of solving the entropy is optimized. Then, for the correlation degree between the object to be evaluated and the graded normal cloud, the weight vector solved by the IPM is used to weigh the cloud correlation degree, which can give a reliable evaluation result. The health evaluation index system of power market operation includes 16 sub-indicators in five categories: supply side, demand side, coordinated operation, market security, and sustainable development. In the empirical analysis, the OHDPM situation in Y Province was evaluated in May 2019. The results prove that the OHDPM level is medium, and the importance and health level of each index are given. The reliability of the power system, transaction price stability, Lerner index, residual proportion of producers, and user satisfaction have a greater impact on the health status. Finally, in order to verify the validity and stability of the model, different methods are used to evaluate the evaluation objects, and the advantages of OHDPM evaluation based on the model framework proposed in this paper are proven.