Methods Of Mathematical Statistics Research Articles

Construction of Social Resilience Assessment System after Floods in the New Era

Abstract This paper constructs an assessment framework through theoretical research and literature study, determines the assessment indicators using the systematic review method, and forms a final assessment system of social resilience after flooding based on the correlation test. On this basis, the index weights were determined using the comprehensive assignment method, and the social resilience index was calculated using multi-criteria optimization and compromise solutions methods. The spatiotemporal evolution trend and spatial correlation characteristics of post-flood social resilience were explored by combining mathematical statistical methods, geographic information technology, and spatial measurement models. The temporal evolution characteristics of different dimensions of social resilience during the period 2012–2021 show that the social resilience index declined steeply in 2012, reached a maximum value of 0.316 in 2018, then gradually decreased to 0.305 in 2020, and recovered to 0.312 in 2021, with an overall increase of 5.05%. Assessing the social resilience of 17 cities under the jurisdiction of Henan Province, overall, the ability of the social system to cope with heavy rainfall and flooding disasters in 10 cities showed an increasing trend, and 7 towns showed a decreasing trend.The social resilience of Zhengzhou City under heavy rainfall and flooding disasters in 2017–2021 showed a trend of decreasing and increasing, with a composite index fit of 0.885, 0.893, 0.806, 0.893, 0.806, 0.824, 0.861.This paper constructs a social resilience assessment system after flooding to provide some reference for central cities to cope with extreme weather.

Statistical Inference Methods for Clinical Medical Data with Missing and Truncated Data

Abstract In clinical medicine, due to some accidents will inevitably produce the situation of missing data, this study for its with missing and truncated data, the use of mathematical statistics methods for inference supplement. After classifying the types of incomplete data, the article utilizes the great likelihood and empirical likelihood to form a linear statistical model to infer such data. It verifies it through simulation experiments and example analysis. In the simulation experiment, for the case of the same missing probability, as the number of samples increases from 150 to 300, the bias, variance, and mean square error of this paper’s algorithm in parameter β 1 are reduced to 0.0122, 0.1435, and 0.1441, respectively. In the actual statistical inference analysis of cardiac disease and heart transplantation, the standard error of this paper’s method reduces by 0.0576 compared with that of CAA, and the inference The results are by the reality. In clinical medicine, this study proposes a practical statistical extrapolation method and a realization path for objective interpretation when incomplete data is present.

Research on the innovation system of physical climbing in college physical education under big data technology

Abstract Rock climbing, as one of the outdoor sports gradually sought after by young people nowadays, plays an important role in innovating the traditional physical education system. This study integrates the training related to physical rock climbing with the conventional college physical education system and utilizes a synergistic teaching method to innovate and improve the college physical education system. Through the implementation of rock-climbing teaching experiments for students in school A, the data related to the experiments were analyzed using the literature method, questionnaire survey method, and mathematical statistics method to explore the effectiveness of the practical application of physical rock-climbing in college physical education. In terms of physical function, the heart rate indexes of students in the experimental group decreased by 8.96 and 9.08, respectively, and the lung capacity and anaerobic threshold were significantly improved, but the male students did not show any significant improvement in the index of maximal oxygen uptake. Except for the lower limb stirrup strength, the p-value of the experimental group of students in seated forward bending, dorsal extension, left-handed grip strength, right-handed grip strength, back strength, and longitudinal jump were all less than 0.05. The capacity of motor memory of the experimental group was higher than that of the control group by 2.91. In terms of social functioning, compared to the control group of students, all the experimental groups showed stronger characteristics.

Динамика изменения уровней развития дивергентного мышления студентов вуза

We analyze the dynamics of changes in the indicators and development levels of students' divergent thinking during the pedagogical experiment. The research purpose is to evaluate the effectiveness of the developed and implemented technology to develop divergent thinking among university students in educational cooperation. To achieve this goal, the level and comparative analysis of the obtained data on all indicators and development levels of divergent thinking of students in the experimental and control groups was carried out. Statistical processing of the data obtained in the primary and final diagnostics and their comparative analysis were carried out on the basis of mathematical statistics methods using IBM SPSS Statistica 27.0 program. The nonparametric Mann–Whitney U-criterion was used to determine differences in independent groups, and the nonparametric Wilcoxon T-criterion was used in dependent groups. The Kolmogorov–Smirnov criterion was used to verify the subordination to the law of normal distribution. Positive dynamics of changes in the indicators and levels of development of divergent thinking was noted both in the experimental and control groups. However, in the experimental group these changes are statistically significant, while in the control group they are insignificant. The conclusion about the effectiveness of the applied pedagogical technology and expediency of its use in the educational process of higher education institution is made.

The unity of subjective predictors of speech actions as an indicator of the subject’s agency in learning: An empirical study

Introduction. The article presents the results of an empirical study of subjective predictors of speech actions. The purpose of the article is to substantiate the indicators of students’ agency in learning on the basis of empirical research in subjective predictors of speech actions. Materials and Methods. The study follows A. N. Leontiev’s activity-based approach, A. A. Verbitsky’s theory of context education, and J. Kelly’s cognitive theory of personality. The research methods include the following: analysis, synthesis, generalization, classification, J. Kelly’s method of repertoire gratings, methods of mathematical statistics. Moreover, the author used co-therapeutic computer system «KELLI-98». Results. The empirical study on the unity of (connection between) subjective predictors of speech actions, which include significant roles, conjugations of the I-real/I-ideal, and the type of communication allowed to reveal four kinds of students’ agency in learning. The first one is a normal type of communication, characterized by manifested agency in interpersonal interaction with all subjects of the educational process, and speech action at the dialogue level. The second is a normal type of communication characterized by latent agency in interpersonal interaction with all subjects of the educational process; speech action at this level is an internal dialogue. The third type is a rigid type of communication distinguished by lack of objectivity in interpersonal interaction with all subjects of the educational process; speech action is characterized by opposition to others and resistance. The fourth type of communication is a rigid one. Its distinctive features include a poorly developed ability to solve problems in interpersonal interaction with all subjects of the educational process; speech actions include manipulation. Conclusions. Finally, relying on the empirical data analysis, the author concludes that the unity of subjective predictors of speech actions (significant roles, conjugation of the I-real/I-ideal, type of communication) is an indicator of ‘activity/inactivity’; on the basis of this indicator, four kinds of students’ learning behaviors are described.

Legal Responsibility Issue of Forensic Expert in the Field of Law

Changes to procedural legislation of Ukraine in 2017 added a new participant in lawsuit, namely: legal expert. Such an expert can be a person who has an academic degree and is a specialist in the field of law. Legislator did not put forward any other requirements for the new participant in lawsuit, that caused lively discussions, in particular, on the question of whether an expert in the field of law bears legal responsibility in general and what exactly. In view of the above, the purpose of this article is to determine the legal responsibility of forensic expert in the field of law. The methodological basis of the article is separate scientific methods of cognition, in particular: logical-semantic, systemic-functional, comparative-legal, structural-logical (reveals the issue of legal responsibility of an expert in the field of law) and methods of mathematical statistics (for quantitative comparative assessment and qualitative analysis of the obtained results). The article describes the rights and duties of an expert in the field of law, provided for by procedural legislation of Ukraine. Comparison of the procedural status of a forensic expert conclusion in the field of law with the conclusion of forensic research was made. Possible types of offenses by an expert in the field of law are proposed to be systematized into three groups: civil, organizational, and procedural ones. Four types of legal responsibility of forensic expert in the field of law are characterized: disciplinary, civil, administrative and criminal ones.

Discriminant analysis: motor skills in the structure of motor readiness of 8-year-old boys practicing karate

Purpose of the study. To determine the contribution of motor skills to the structure of motor readiness of 8-year-old boys who practice karate. Materials and methods. The study involved 32 8-year-old boys who practice karate. Children and their parents were informed about all the features of the study and gave consent to participate in the experiment. The following methods were used in the study: study and analysis of scientific and methodological literature, pedagogical observation, timing of educational tasks, pedagogical experiment, methods of mathematical statistics, methods of mathematical planning of experiments. Results. The results of discriminant analysis indicate that the obtained canonical functions explain 100% of the variation in results and are informative for classifying the level of motor fitness of 8-year-old boys. The first function explains 91,9% of the variation in results (r1 = 0,996), the second – 5,9% of the variation in results (r2 = 0,948). Verification of canonical functions indicates that the first and second functions are statistically significant (λ1 = 0,001, p = 0,001; λ2 = 0,024, p = 0,043). As a result of the analysis, a significant influence of orthogonal variants of the standard-intermittent exercise on the motor readiness of 8-year-old boys was revealed. Thus, statistically significant differences in test results between groups (A1B1, A2B1, A1B2, A2B2) are observed in the technical level of performing exercises 1-6 series of training tasks (p = 0.001), as well as in the results of running 300 meters (p = 0, 01). The discrepancies in the results of other tests are not statistically significant. Conclusions. The canonical discriminant function can be used to classify the motor readiness of 8-year-old schoolchildren depending on the influence of orthogonal variants of the standard-intermittent exercise. As a result of discriminant analysis, indicators were identified that were of the greatest importance when assessing the motor readiness of boys 8 years old who have been practicing karate. These include the level of training in a series of educational tasks, indicators of physical development and the level of development of motor abilities. The formation of motor skills and the development of motor abilities is considered as a holistic process. The effectiveness of training according to an algorithmic type prescription program depends on the mode of performing a standard-intermittent exercise.

General Physical Training of Cadets of the Sergeant Military College of the National Ground Forces Academy

The research paper presents the results of the obtained data on the physical training level of future sergeant-commanders of the Armed Forces of Ukraine branches. Under the conditions of martial law, when Ukraine has been facing very acute challenges to its national security and territorial integrity for almost two years due to the full-scale invasion and aggressive policy of the russian federation, the issue on training military personnel capable of meeting these challenges becomes important. In addition to professional preparedness, physical training is a key factor for achieving this goal in any military specialty. The Purpose of the Research is to reveal the physical training level of cadets of the Sergeant Military College of the National Ground Forces Academy (SMCNGFA) various specialties under the conditions of martial low. The research has been based on the following Methods as theoretical analysis and generalization of scientific and methodical literature; pedagogical testing and methods of mathematical statistics. The testing was carried out according to well-known exercises, which are provided by the Instruction on Physical Training in the Armed Forces of Ukraine (IPhT-2021) and characterize the level of general physical training, namely: 100 m race, pull-ups on the crossbar for men and complex strength exercises for women as well as 3,000 m race. Results and Conclusions. The analysis of indicators among male cadets in the 100m race revealed that the average result is 14,82±0,4 s; in the pull-up on the crossbar, the result is 13,0±0,9 pull-ups, and in the 3,000 m race, a time of 836,0±14,9 s (13 min 56,0 s) at final exams. In our opinion, and according to the requirements of IPhT-2021, the results are not sufficient and need to impove (in particular, for cadets of mechanized troops and surface forces specialities).

FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT IN THE HEALTHCARE INDUSTRY OF THE SLOVAK REPUBLIC

Background: Healthcare is one of the most monitored areas of human activity. The healthcare segment, especially healthcare, drug development and manufacturing are among the defensive sectors that thrive even in times of uncertainty. Aims: The aim of the paper is to apply methods of financial analysis in the financial management of hospitals in NACE 861 – Hospital activities, to assess and increase competitiveness and financial performance. Sample: The research sample consists of medical facilities under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of Health of the Slovak Republic transformed into joint-stock companies and hospitals under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of Health of the Slovak Republic, the Ministry of Defense of the Slovak Republic, and the Ministry of the Interior of the Slovak Republic according to NACE 861 – Hospital activities. Methods: We use basic thought operations and selected mathematical-statistical methods in the paper. The financial analysis of the hospitals will be carried out based on the data taken from the financial statements available in the Register of Financial Statements of the Slovak Republic for the years 2007 - 2022. Results: The results show that the geometric mean for the period 2008 - 2020 for costs is G = 1.01 and for revenues is G = 1.02. Conclusions: Financial aspects are key factors in the company's development process. Knowledge regarding the financial health of the company can help the company in its competitiveness. In the framework of business management, many decisions are influenced by financial and economic analysis. Every manager should strive to understand financial theory. Implications: The benefit will be an evaluation of the financial situation and insight into the competitiveness of the healthcare industry.

ENVIRONMENTAL EDUCATION AND EDUCATION OF FUTURE BIOLOGY TEACHERS

The article reviews and analyzes the state of environmental education and upbringing of future biology teachers. The purpose of the article is to establish the role of economic education in the education of future teachers of biology. To test the research hypothesis, various methods were used: conversation, observation, survey, questionnaire, methods of mathematical statistics for quantitative and qualitative analysis of experimental data, determination of the reliability of the results. The methodological basis for revealing the essence of the state of environmental education and upbringing of future biology teachers at the present stage of society's development is based on various approaches and principles. The necessity of improving and saturating the content of the educational process with environmental material and creating appropriate conditions for the environmental education of future biology teachers is proved. Environmental education and upbringing are becoming the core of modern education and serve as a key to the restructuring of its modern systems and society as a whole. The role of environmental education as the basis of a new morality and a support for solving numerous issues of people's practical life is especially relevant.The basic principles of environmental education and upbringing of future biology teachers are revealed, such as: the principle of practical orientation, the principle of continuity and consistency, the principle of activity and consciousness, the principle of nature correspondence, the principle of interdisciplinarity. The main approaches to the development of environmental education and upbringing are highlighted: natural science, naturalistic, global-biospheric, problematic, and value-based. The current state of development of environmental education and upbringing is characterized by the search for new ways of cooperation between teachers and students, during which the latter become initiative, independent and creative individuals.

FORMATION OF SOFT SKILLS IN FUTURE TEACHERS AS A CONDITION FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE TEACHER'S PROFESSIONAL STANDARD

Soft skills play a leading role in student education, which is why their development in future teachers requires reflection in professional standards. The purpose of the article is to substantiate the need for the formation of soft skills in future teachers in the conditions of the implementation of the teacher's professional standard. To test the research hypothesis, various methods were used: conversation, observation, survey, questionnaire, methods of mathematical statistics for quantitative and qualitative analysis of experimental data, determination of the reliability of the results. The authors of the article considered options for the organization of educational activities of future teachers regarding the formation of soft skills as a condition for the implementation of the teacher's professional standard. The professional standard of the teacher was considered and a number of competencies were singled out, the formation of which depends on the development of soft skills. The results of the survey of teachers, education seekers and stakeholders regarding the problem of soft skills formation were analyzed and difficulties in their formation were revealed. A map of the development of soft skills in pedagogy classes is proposed, in particular, the potential of using the "inverted classroom" model as one of the advanced technologies for building the educational process is revealed.

Use of game tools in martial arts for endurance development

Background and Study Aim. The purpose of research is to test experimentally the effectiveness of the influence of game means on the dynamics of endurance development in 10-year-old boys who attend the sports section of Kyokushinkai karate. Material and Methods. Forty 10-year-old boys engaged in Kyokushinkai karate took part in the research. The children and their parents were informed about all peculiarities of the research and agreed to participate in the experiment. The following research methods were used to solve the tasks: analysis of scientific and methodological literature, pedagogical testing, and methods of mathematical statistics for processing research results. Results. Statistically significant changes in results occurred in the studied groups (p<0,001). The improvement of the level of endurance development in 10-year-old boys’ karate athletes in favor of EG is confirmed. The highest statistically significant changes in EG indicators (р<0.001) occurred in tests "Bent arm hang" (14.6%), "Push-ups" (11.8%), "Burpee" (11.8%). The average performance in 300 m run (8.6%) and in kicks "Mawashi geri chudan" with the right (left) foot slightly increased by 9.8% and 8.1%, respectively. There was no significant difference in the results of the test "Sit-ups in 1 min from the supine position" between EG and CG groups (1.1%, p>0.05). However, both groups showed a sufficiently confident increase in the level of local dynamic power endurance (EG – 11.6%, CG – 10.4% at p<0.001). Conclusions. The level of boys’ endurance at the initial stage of the pedagogical experiment corresponds to proper age norms. According to most results, 36% of boys are classified as of average level, 16.5% as above average, 17% as high. The rest of the indicators were distributed between below average and low levels, 12% and 18.5%, respectively. A significant lag was found in terms of general endurance (300 m run test). The dynamics of the obtained data testified to the effectiveness of the developed, tested, and implemented physical education methodology of endurance development in 10-year-old boys’ karate athletes with outdoor games. Because of application of game load (5 games, 3 repetitions with rest intervals of 20 s) there was a statistically significant increase in endurance (р<0.001).

ECOLOGICAL AND METHODOLOGICAL PRINCIPLES IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF RESEARCH ON AIR POLLUTION OF UKRAINIANS

The possibilities of human impact on nature are constantly growing and have already reached a level where humans can devastate the planet, destroy all living beings, and completely alter the climate. High levels of pollution are characteristic of areas around regional centers in Ukraine, especially in the suburban zone of industrially developed Kyiv. The higher the pollution level, the greater the risk to the health of the population and the state of the environment. Long-term pollution of the atmospheric air with sulfur dioxide, carbon oxides, nitrogen oxides, and other harmful substances negatively affects human health. This can result in an increase in overall morbidity caused by damage to specific organs and body systems, such as respiratory diseases (pneumonia, bronchial asthma, and other non-specific lung diseases) and cardiovascular diseases (hypertension, myocardial infarction, chronic diseases, etc.). The purpose of the article is to identify negative factors that affect the worsening of the environmental situation in the country and individual regions. The main task of my work is the analysis of negative changes in the ecological state of Boyarka and advocacy of possible ways to improve the ecological situation in the city. This study also shows the importance of chemistry as a science in the understanding and development of current environmental problems of our time. On the basis of a systemic approach, the tasks of creating ecologically safe living conditions for the population of suburban areas of the city were solved by conducting noise protection measures. Experimental studies were carried out using modern acoustic measuring devices "Octava-101" and "Ekofizika-Octava". Data processing involved the use of mathematical statistical methods. Mathematical and statistical methods were used to assess the reliability of experimental results. The main results of the article were the measures (economic, legal, urban planning, etc.) to solve the environmental problems of the city of Boyarka.

KINEMATIC STRUCTURE OF SIDE KICK TECHNIQUE BY RIGHT LEG STARTING FROM FRONT STANCE PERFORMED BY HIGHLY QUALIFIED ATHLETES SPECIALIZING IN HAND-TO-HAND COMBAT

The aim is to analyze the kinematic structure of side kick technique by the right leg starting from the front stance by highly qualified athletes specializing in hand-to-hand combat. Research methods. To fulfil the set tasks, particular research methods were used, namely, analysis of scientific and methodological literature sources and documentary materials, methods of registration and analysis of athlete movements (“Qualisys Motion Capture”, a system of video recording and analysis of athlete’s movements and 3D registration of human movements). The research findings were processed using the methods of mathematical statistics. We registered the technique of performing the studied motor action by 12 highly qualified athletes. Results. The analysis of the kinematic structure of side kick technique by the right leg starting from the front stance (like most kicks) consists of 7 phases: the phase of preparation for the kick, the phase of encroachment, the double-support phase, the phase of the striking/kicking movement, contact phase, the phase of returning of the kicking leg to the support, and phases of returning to fighting stance. All the studied phases of the kick can be generally divided into two periods, i.e., the period of active actions, which consists of the following phases: preparation for the kick, encroachment, the double-support phase, kicking movement, contact; and the period of return to the initial position (fighting stance). The total duration of technique performance is 1.83 s, the duration of the active period is 0.84 s, and the period of return to the initial position is 0.99 s, respectively. Thus, the duration of the active period is 45.9% of the total duration of technique performance, and the period of return to the original position comprises 54.1%, respectively. That is, the duration of the period of return to the original position is almost 10% longer within the total duration of technique performance. Sufficiently long duration of the kick execution, 1.83 s, and the return to the initial position of 0.99 s determine the specificity of this action application during the match. The movement indicators of the kicking biolink (the one of right tibial joint) were analyzed. It was established that the shape of the trajectory has only a slight curvature, especially when viewed from the side, and the shape of the trajectory when viewed from above is S-shaped, with a slight curvature. Conclusions. It was determined that the side kick by the left leg starting from the front stance is performed by highly qualified athletes specializing in hand-to-hand combat with high efficiency.

Influence of the Processes of Fluffing the Flax Stem Strips on the Structural Parameters of the Layer

Introduction. The efficiency of separating long flax fiber from the flax straw largely depends on the structural parameters of the layer of flax stems. Modern fluffers for flax strips create random distortions and intersection of the layer of flax stems under the pick-up drum. These disadvantages of existing machines are minimized in an experimental fluffer, in which a layer of flax stems moves over the pick-up drum with a kinematic mode indicator equal to one. Aim of the Article. The study is aimed at finding means and methods for preserving the structural parameters of the layer of flax stems when fluffing flax straw strips. Materials and Methods. Experimental studies were carried out according to existing and newly developed methods, and the analysis of flax fiber was carried out according to the current GOST standards. The experiments were carried out on the flax strips formed by the LC-4A flax harvester. After grass sprouted through the strips of flax stems, they were fluffed with the serial machine VL-3 and an experimental fluffer. For each variant, the necessary measurements of the main structural parameters of the stem strip and collection of samples for analysis were made before the unit passed and after fluffering the flax stem strip. The results of measurements and processing of samples were processed using the methods of mathematical statistics. Results. It was found that macro-bends of the original and processed flax strips were in all the experiments. At the same time, the range of changes in the curvature of the flax strip outside the cutoff frequencies expanded 2.3 times under the influence of the working tools of the serial tedder VL-3. The randomness of these pulsations was caused by an increase in the distortion and elongation of the flax stems in the strip by 6.0° and 6.9%, respectively. At the same time, the experimental fluffer produced the smallest changes in the structural parameters of the flax stem layer. The technological evaluation of the flax straw confirmed the advantages of the experimental fluffer in comparison with the serial VL-3, which has an average production of long fiber higher by 0.65% and 0.5 units of number. Discussion and Conclusion. The analysis of the obtained results indicates the practicability of fluffing flax strips by picking up and moving the stems from above the pick-up drum with its kinematic mode index equal to one.

Програма фізичної підготовки артилерійських розвідників з використанням елементів спортивного орієнтування

The paper presents the results of a study of the formation of artillery reconnaissance men’s readiness to perform combat missions using a physical training program with elements of orienteering. The author has identified the factors that determine the effectiveness of the development of physical qualities and the pedagogical conditions necessary to improve the quality of physical тtraining of cadets – artillery scouts by means of orienteering. The high efficiency of the author’s program has been experimentally proven. The purpose of the study is to develop and test the effectiveness of the author’s program of physical training of artillery reconnaissance men using elements of orienteering. Material and Methods of the Study. To obtain objective data, the following methods were used: theoretical methods (analysis and generalization of literary sources and empirical data); sociological methods (written and oral survey); pedagogical methods (observation, experiment); methods of mathematical statistics (processing of experimental data and evaluation of their reliability). In order to identify the pedagogical conditions for improving the quality of physical training of cadetsartillery reconnaissance men, a survey of physical training specialists (n=31) was conducted. The pedagogical experiment was used to test the effectiveness of the author’s physical training program for artillery scouts using elements of orienteering. It was conducted for two years (2021-2023). To test the effectiveness of the author’s program, EG (n=32) and CG (n=29) were formed. Results. The results of the study proved that the main pedagogical conditions for improving the quality of physical training of cadets of artillery reconnaissance men are rational distribution of physical activity in all forms of physical training; proper planning of the time budget for physical training; availability of educational and material base for the development of physical qualities; high methodological skills of class leaders; high-quality organization of control over the process of physical training. Conclusions. The study found that the methodology for the development of special physical qualities of artillery specialists is highly effective, which can significantly improve the level of physical fitness of servicemen.

Показники змагальної діяльності кваліфікованих спортсменок України у таїландському боксі (IFMA)

The features of technical and tactical actions of female athletes in muaythai are understudied, the topic of sports training of women in muaythai remains out of attention of researchers, and the vision of building special physical training is often equalized for representatives of different weight categories, or, even more erroneously, is considered in the context of the training system for men. Purpose: to establish the peculiarities of technical and tactical actions of qualified female athletes of Ukraine of different weight categories in muaythai (IFMA). Methods: theoretical analysis and generalization of scientific information, analysis of documentary materials, pedagogical observation, methods of mathematical statistics. To obtain objective scientific information about competitive activity, the content of competitive fights of Ukrainian athletes was studied on the basis of video recordings of the highest level muaythai competitions in Ukraine among women, namely the 2019-2023 Ukrainian Championships, which took place in the cities of: Odesa and Vinnytsia, Ukrainian Cups 2019-2023 – Kharkiv, Lviv, Vinnytsia, Odesa. Results. Mixed martial arts, including muaythai, are rapidly gaining popularity in Ukraine. Compared to the state of scientific substantiation in most types of Olympic combat sports, the amount of scientific data on mixed martial arts, in particular muaythai, at the national and international levels is small. According to the results, most of the fights lasted the entire time allotted by the regulations 78.0 % of the fights and 22 % of the fights ended early. The ratio of punches, knees, elbows and kicks among Ukrainian female athletes showed that only 2 % were elbow strikes, 30 % were knee strikes, 42 % were punches and 26 % were kicks. Conclusions. The results of the analysis of technical and tactical actions of qualified female athletes of Ukraine of different weight categories in muaythai (IFMA) demonstrate the urgent need to change the approach to the training process.

Peculiarities of justification of a representative set of requirements for intelligent vehicles

Introduction (problem statement and relevance). The key task of ensuring confidence in motor vehicles with elements of artificial intelligence (AI vehicles) is forming of a representative set of requirements compliance with which ensures the necessary guarantees of AI vehicle functionality and safety.Absence of generally accepted and statutory approaches to justification of the requirements content constrains application of artificial intelligence technologies in motor vehicles and, respectively, impedes creation and improvement of highly automated vehicles. The purpose of the study is to analyze the principles of forming of a representative set of requirements for AI vehicles. Methodology and research methods. The paper uses the principles of qualimetry adapted for the information systems based on machine learning algorithms, it also uses the methods of system analysis, mathematical statistics, combinatorics, set theory and propositional calculus principles. Scientific novelty and results. The approach is formulated to justify the statistically representative set of requirements for AI vehicles, and that allows adequate and accurate assessment of compliance of these systems with the expectations of the customers, developers, suppliers, regulatory authorities and other stakeholders. The structure of such expectations and priorities has been considered taking into account creation and application of AI systems. It is shown that stakeholder requirements apply to both the AI vehicle life cycle processes and the systems per se taking into account particular (given) conditions of their operation. Different significant factors, which variability sets the intended operating conditions, have been considered and conditions of representativeness of test data sets used for AI vehicle trials have been formulated. It is shown that, in order to reduce the dimensionality of space of the intended operating conditions, AI vehicles can be decomposed into separate functional subsystems and then into individual AI algorithms. The ways to perform such functional decomposition have been suggested. Practical significance.The principles of justification of the requirements content offered in the paper can be used in certification testing of artificial intelligence algorithms that are used in highly automated vehicles.

Зміни рівнів про- і протизапальних цитокінів у жінок із хронічним ендометритом та можливість медикаментозної корекції цих рівнів на преконцепційному етапі

The incidence of chronic endometritis is more than twice higher the prevalence of other clinical forms of intrauterine pathology, leading to infertility, unsuccessful attempts of in vitro fertilization and spontaneous abortion. There is a lack of data on the alteration of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine production in chronic endometritis and their role in the subsequent development of miscarriage. Purpose - to investigate the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and interferon gamma (INF-γ), as well as the anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin 10 (IL-10) in cervical mucus of women with chronic endometritis and to assess the impact of the developed comprehensive preconception treatment on normalizing cytokine disorders in these women. Materials and methods. The levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and INF-γ, as well as the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10, were determined using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method in the cervical mucus of 426 women with chronic endometritis who were planning pregnancy. Among them, 168 patients (the Group I) received preconception comprehensive treatment, which included broad-spectrum antibacterial agents (azithromycin), hormonal estrogen-progestin therapy (Femoston 2/10) and L-arginine. The remaining 258 women (the Group II) did not receive treatment for chronic endometritis at the preconception stage. The control group consisted of 30 healthy individuals. Data analysis was performed using mathematical statistical methods, calculating the mean sample values (M), variance (σ) and standard errors of the mean (m). The Student’s t-test was applied, and probabilities were determined using the statistical program «STATISTICA» (StatSoft Inc., USA). Results. In the cervical mucus of women with chronic endometritis, an increase in the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines INF-γ by 2.8 times (p<0.001) and TNF-α by 2 times (p<0.001) was detected, along with a 2-fold decrease in the concentration of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 (p<0.001). The shift in the cytokine balance towards pro-inflammatory cytokines is associated with a high frequency of miscarriage in these women. After the treatment of chronic endometritis, women had a 2.6 times lower level of INF-γ (p<0.05), a 2 times lower level of TNF-α (p<0.01), and a 1.7 times higher level of IL-10 (p<0.05) compared to untreated patients. Conclusions. Women with chronic endometritis experience a cytokine imbalance, characterized by an excessive increase in pro-inflammatory cytokines and a decrease in anti-inflammatory cytokines. Women with chronic endometritis who are planning pregnancy require comprehensive preconception treatment, which includes the administration of azithromycin, femoston 2/10 and L-arginine in addition to traditional preconception folate prophylaxis. This treatment, by promoting improved conditions for implantation, leads to a 15% increase in the pregnancy rate and a 1.9-fold reduction in the frequency of spontaneous abortion. The research was carried out in accordance with the principles of the Helsinki Declaration. The study protocol was approved by the Local Ethics Committee of the participating institution. The informed consent of the patient was obtained for conducting the studies. No conflict of interests was declared by the authors.

Motivational attitudes of personality of potential scientific and technical elite of Russia

Introduction. The article presents a theoretical analysis of the need-motivational sphere of the individual, identifying its most important features. The purpose of this analysis was to reveal and substantiate such a substantive component of the theoretical model of the psychology of the subject of the modern scientific and engineering elite as the need-motivational one. To substantiate and test the theoretical model, a comprehensive empirical study was carried out aimed at studying the psychological characteristics of the personality of a representative of the scientific and technical community. Particular emphasis was placed on the study of promising youth (students).Materials and Methods. The following psychodiagnostic tools were used in the study: diagnostics of socio-psychological attitudes of the individual in the motivational-need sphere by O.F. Potemkina, “coping test” (the technique was developed by R. Lazarus and S. Folkman, adapted by T.L. Kryukova, E.V. Kuftyak, M.S. Zamyshlyaeva), emotional intelligence test by D.V. Lyusin (EmIn). A comparative analysis of the results obtained was carried out using methods of mathematical statistics (Kruskal-Wallis H test), and correlation analysis (Spearman) was also used. The study sample consisted of first-year engineering and technical students of the National Research Nuclear University "MEPhI" in the amount of 111 people, who were distributed into 3 groups: Institute of Nanotechnologies in Electronics, Spintronics and Photonics (INTEL) – 15 people; Engineering Physics Institute of Biomedicine (IFIB) – 27 people; Institute of Laser and Plasma Technologies (LAPLAZ) – 69 people.Results. Comparative data analysis showed differences between samples. They are expressed in the type of motivation, in the orientation “towards the result” or “process”. The study showed some alarming trends: purely engineering students are more focused on material values and social benefits, while being emotionally restrained and low in contact. Materials scientists and biomedical specialties are focused on communicative interaction and social support, and are more emotionally relaxed.Discussion and Conclusions. The empirical study, and especially its results, confirmed the feasibility of using the theoretical model and showed its viability. A comparative analysis made it possible to identify common and special features in the manifestation of motivational attitudes among students of various technical profiles.