Maternal Role Research Articles

Influence maternal role in the stimulation of puzzle therapy and identification of animal sounds on the cognitive development of stunting children at toddler age

Backgrounds: Stunting is a condition in which a child is shorter than his age. Stunting can have a negative impact on children's development, namely children's cognitive development becomes hampered. Role of motherbecome important in providing stimulation to the cognitive development of stunted children under five. The role of the mother here is to provide stimulation of cognitive development through educational games. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of maternal role in puzzle therapy stimulation and identification of animal sounds on the cognitive development of stunted children under five. Methods: Quasy-experimental research design. The sampling technique used was simple random sampling on 28 stunting children aged 3-5 years in the Kenjeran Public Health Center Surabaya. The independent variable is puzzle therapy and identification of animal sounds and the dependent variable is the cognitive development of stunted children under five. The instruments used are DDST and standard operating procedures for puzzle therapy and animal sound identification. Data analysis was performed using the Wilcoxon and Mann Whitney test with significant (p = 0.05).

Indonesian mothers of premature infants’ experiences in achieving initial motherhood independence in the neonatal unit: A qualitative study

ObjectiveTo explore Indonesian mothers’ experiences in achieving initial independence motherhood in the neonatal unit of the national referral hospital in eastern Indonesia. MethodsDescriptive phenomenology was used. Eight purposively sampled mothers of preterm infants participated. Each had a preterm infant who had been discharged from the neonatal unit and had been hospitalized for at least one week. In-depth interviews were conducted in Bahasa Indonesia and audio-recorded. The recordings were transcribed verbatim, translated in English and back-translated to Bahasa to ensure meanings did not deviate from original intentions. Thematic analysis by Braun and Clarke (2006) was performed to analyze the data. ResultThree themes emerged from the analysis describing how mothers achieved initial independence in the neonatal unit: (1) New reality of entering motherhood; (2) Upside-down emotional swings in parenting in the neonatal unit; and (3) Health service's role for initial motherhood independence achievement. Initial motherhood independence was achieved through early participation in care, support from others, and health service program. Emotional and physical interaction throughout participation in daily care assisted with establishing mother-infant relationships and maternal role attainment. ConclusionsNeonatal nurses can facilitate this process by providing psychological support, communication, health education, and empowering mothers to participate in care using mentoring approaches.

Exploring the Effect of Cognitive-Behavioral Educations on Childbirth Self-efficacy, Childbirth Fear, and Adaptation of Maternal Role Among Primiparous Women: A Quasi-Experimental Study

Exploring the Effect of Cognitive-Behavioral Educations on Childbirth Self-efficacy, Childbirth Fear, and Adaptation of Maternal Role Among Primiparous Women: A Quasi-Experimental Study

Regency Possessed

During the French Fronde of 1648-52, the absolute monarchy of France came under attack both by weapons and by words. A relaxation in censorship laws during the four-year period of unrest led to the production of thousands of pamphlets, known as Mazarinades, which discussed the nature of the French monarchy and of power. Although most focussed on the Prime Minister, Cardinal Mazarin, a subset also considered the role of the Queen Dowager and Regent, Anne of Austria. Factions both for and against the monarchy expressed a fear of her public role in government: as a female ruler, they worried that Anne would be too passionate and gullible to be able to govern fairly. Pamphleteers presented her as a disordering figure, one who turned the natural social hierarchies of the early modern era upside down. To some, she was a puppet for Mazarin, who they believed seduced her; to others, by acting as regent she neglected her quintessentially feminine maternal roles. All agreed that Anne was unsuitable as regent. Using a variety of literary techniques, Mazarinade authors ultimately demanded that she resign, pleading with Anne to return to the private, domestic world of women.

The Primal Archetypal and Mythical Crone in Toni Morrison’s Portrayals of the Elder Woman

Morrison’s portrayals of the elderly woman resonate with images of the wise mythical Crone, a universal image embedded in our consciousness. In pre-patriarchal societies, elder women, Crones, were associated with both life and death. The advent of patriarchy changed how aging females were perceived and their societal roles. They were diabolized, disempowered, and regarded as useless and invisible. However, Morrison’s Crones are strong life forces, and an active valuable part of their communities. Morrison revalues their traditional maternal domestic roles, and motherhood and household become, respectively, a transgressive act and a site of resistance and power. With their ancestral spiritual/supernatural/healing properties, her Crones are ancestor figures and moral beacons for their communities. In her oeuvre, Morrison reassesses and reclaims the primordial pre-patriarchal crone archetype to empower and honor old black women and their contributions to the black community.

School reintegration of children and adolescents with chronic illness from the mothers' perspective: A qualitative study.

The diagnosis of chronic illness in childhood implies frequent hospitalizations and, consequently, the interruption of school attendance. This study aimed to understand the process of school reintegration of children and adolescents with chronic illness from the mothers' perspective. A qualitative descriptive-exploratory study was conducted with mothers who experienced the process of school reintegration of their child or adolescent, aged between 8 and 17 years old, and diagnosed with chronic illness. The participants were recruited by convenience and interviewed at the paediatric unit of a children's hospital. Data collection was interrupted when the data set was sufficient to answer the research question. The interviews were analysed using inductive thematic analysis. The study was approved by the research ethics committee. Eleven interviews were conducted, 10 with mothers and one with a grandmother, who played the maternal role. Participants' age ranged between 33 and 58 years old. A theme was developed-"School reintegration under the maternal vigilance"-which encompasses four subthemes: (1) What matters? My child's health comes first; (2) How to keep in touch with the school? (3) Back to the school: Are we ready? (4) Sharing vigilance: reality and expectations. The themes highlighted a cyclical, dynamic, and subjective school reintegration process, constantly permeated by maternal vigilance. A new understanding about school reintegration was evidenced, from the perspective of mothers of children and adolescents with different chronic illnesses. Mothers and children experience a nonlinear and recurrent process of leaving and returning to school, surrounded by a lack of communication and continuity in school activities. The results of this study may assist health professionals in planning care focused on the needs of the school reintegration of this population.

Influence of prenatal class towards the maternal role attainment in pregnant women ac-cording to the theory of becoming a mother

The Prenatal Class activity gives impact in the maternal role attainment in relation to the increase of knowledge, nutrition and health status, readiness in self-concept, as well as identity and perception during the pregnancy. In primigravida women the maternal role attainment is very optimal, it is because in this period women are more open and have high curiosity. The Prenatal Class activity provides the result of pregnant mother’s attainment in the category of good readiness. It indicates that Prenatal Class influences in the maternal role attainment started since the early pregnancy or in the Anticipatory phase.

Distinguishing OT’s Role in the Transition to Motherhood

Abstract Date Presented 04/02/2022 This research explores maternal role transition and competency to better understand how OTs can support mothers during the transition to motherhood. The following themes emerged after an in-depth literature review and three focus groups with new mothers: support systems, physical and psychological health, role transition, and advocacy. OTs can provide education and adaptations or modifications to routines to facilitate balance during the imbalance of a new mother’s life. Primary Author and Speaker: Elsie Hurtado Pollari Contributing Authors: Bhumi Bhatt, Sophia Baffes, Kelsie Walraven, Kelly Raye, Huda Hussain, Victoria Greenlee, Tess Somerville

Experience and Perceptions of Mothers Participating in an In-Home, Parent-Mediated Feeding Intervention for Their Child With Autism

Abstract Date Presented 04/02/2022 Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have significant feeding challenges that create barriers to successful mealtimes. A qualitative study consisted of thematic analysis of 12 semistructured interviews of mothers who participated in 24 home-based feeding sessions and parent education to examine the perceived impact of parent-mediated feeding therapy. Data validated the complexity of maternal roles and supported positive child-specific goals as well as parenting efficacy and family participation. Primary Author and Speaker: Libby Hladik Additional Authors and Speakers: Karla Ausderau, Brittany St John

재미한인 이민자 어머니의 역할 수행과 초국가주의 활동의 실천

Objectives This study aims to present the maternal roles and transnational activities among Korean American immigrant mothers. Methods For the aim of the study, we summarized historical changes of Korean immigrants in the US and clarified the concept of transnationalism. We reviewed 18 related articles published in academic journals. Results The maternal roles of Korean American immigrant mothers were summarized as ensuring their children’s academic success and helping their children to establish ethnic identity as Korean. In order to perform these roles, Korean American immigrant mothers were involved in economic, sociocultural, and political transnational activities. Conclusions Transnationalism should be considered for better understanding Korean families living abroad and multicultural families in Korea. For future research, transnational activities that Korean immigrant mothers are involved need to be investigated.

재미한인 이민자 어머니의 역할 수행과 초국가주의 활동의 실천

Objectives This study aims to present the maternal roles and transnational activities among Korean American immigrant mothers. Methods For the aim of the study, we summarized historical changes of Korean immigrants in the US and clarified the concept of transnationalism. We reviewed 18 related articles published in academic journals. Results The maternal roles of Korean American immigrant mothers were summarized as ensuring their children’s academic success and helping their children to establish ethnic identity as Korean. In order to perform these roles, Korean American immigrant mothers were involved in economic, sociocultural, and political transnational activities. Conclusions Transnationalism should be considered for better understanding Korean families living abroad and multicultural families in Korea. For future research, transnational activities that Korean immigrant mothers are involved need to be investigated.

Validation and Development of the Iranian Family Instability Scale based on the Lived Experience of Women Who Experienced Extramarital Relationship: A Mixed Method Study

Introduction: Various studies have cited several reasons for the instability of the Iranian family, but what was missing was a native scale for such studies. Therefore, this study aims to validate the Iranian family instability scale based on the lived experience of women who experienced extramarital relationships.
 Method: The present study utilized a mixed method. In the qualitative part of the study, semi-structured interviews were used to examine the lived experience of women who experienced extramarital relationships. The statistical population of the present study was women with extramarital affairs who referred to counseling centers in Yazd in 2020. By multi-stage cluster sampling, 540 subjects were selected. In this study, the marital adjustment and attitudes toward infidelity questionnaires were used.
 Results: Exploratory factor analysis, Cronbach's alpha method, concurrent validity, and confirmatory factor analysis were used to investigate the factors extracted from the interviews, the reliability, the validity of the scale, and also the fit of the research conceptual model, respectively.
 Conclusion: The results identify Iranian family instability factors in three levels and five subscales, including maternal role and religious myths, parenting knowledge, self-esteem and feelings of inferiority, relationship and aesthetic challenges, and apostasy and pre-relationship relationships. They are measured in a 35-question scale called "Iranian Family Instability Scale". The results of the present study show that the instrument of Iranian family instability has good validity and reliability and Cronbach's alpha of the whole scale is equal to 0.89.

Dilemata zelené matky: proměna environmentálně příznivého spotřebního chování očima prvorodičky

The process of becoming a mother is substantially linked to consumption. It can facilitate this process, but it can also put new mothers through anxiety, stress and fear of failure. Environmentally conscious women face an even greater challenge as they have to combine their pro-environmental values with the specific social norms. We conducted in-depth interviews with six such women – we called them Green Mothers. Rather than focusing on changes in their behaviour, we became interested in dilemmas they have been dealing with. We concluded that consumption plays a somewhat secondary role in accepting their maternal role – Green Mothers keep their reticent attitude. However, they have become less radical and have accepted consumer compromises. Lifestyle dilemmas are most apparent in relation to identity. Green Mothers turn from their intellectual approach to physicality, health concerns and needs of their children. Their interest in global problems declined as they had shifted their focus to more local and imminent issues. Adopting pro-environmental practices is primarily influenced neither by lack of finances, nor by social pressure, but by time. Therefore, our research contributes to the discussion on the high demands of environmentally-friendly lifestyles.

Affective well-being of Chinese urban postpartum women: predictive effect of spousal support and maternal role adaptation.

Due to shortage of childcare facilities while high social expectations for mothering, becoming a mother is a big life challenge for most women in urban China. The understandings on Chinese postpartum women's affective well-being and its relation with spousal support and maternal role adaptation remain limited. This study aims to investigate the affective well-being (including both positive and negative affect) of Chinese urban postpartum women and how it is associated with spousal support and maternal role adaptation. A cross-sectional survey was conducted in Shanghai, China, between June and July 2019. A total of 498 urban mothers whose babies were 0 to 1year old participated in this survey. They completed the Postpartum Social Support Questionnaire (PSSQ), the Maternal Role Adaptation Scale, and the Positive and Negative Affect Scale (PANAS), and reported socio-demographic information. Results showed that positive and negative affect of postpartum women were not significantly associated with each other. Positive affect had a positive correlation with spousal support and maternal role adaptation. Negative affect was negatively associated with maternal role adaptation, while not significantly associated with spousal support. Maternal role adaptation partially mediated the relationship between spousal support and positive affect of the participants, controlling for age, household income, education, birth order, and inter-generational support. The findings indicate that intervention programs towards mental health of postpartum women should focus more on positive affect cultivation; moreover, clinical services should help postpartum women to adapt to maternal role by encouraging new fathers' or partners' involvement in daily childcare-giving.

Being Dr. Mom and/or Mom, Ph.D.: Autoethnographies of MotherScholaring during COVID‐19

This article examines how the COVID-19 pandemic impacts five MotherScholars, mothers and scholars blending their maternal and academic identities, through the use of interactive interviewing, autoethnography, and narrative. The narratives are presented from four distinct times during the first 10-months of the COVID-19 pandemic: beginning (March through May of 2020), the middle (summer of 2020), the perpetuated middle (fall semester 2020), and present day (December 2020). The narratives capture how we, as five MotherScholars, negotiated between maternal and academic roles under pandemic conditions, ultimately unveiling our MotherScholar identity. The article concludes by drawing attention to the value of women colleagues and friendships for social support, the role of narratives to reshape family stories, and the impetus for institutions of higher education to assist MotherScholars.

Postpartum depression: A role for psychedelics?

Background:Postpartum depression (PPD) is a major public health concern and has, at its core, a sense of maternal ‘disconnection’ – from the self, the infant, and the support system. While PPD bears similarities with MDD, there is increasing evidence for its distinct nature, especially with the unique aspect of the mother-infant relationship. Current treatment modalities for PPD, largely based on those used in major depressive disorder (MDD), have low remission rates with emerging evidence for treatment resistance. It is, therefore, necessary to explore alternative avenues of treatment for PPD.Objective:In this narrative review, we outline the potential therapeutic rationale for serotonergic psychedelics in the treatment of PPD, and highlight safety and pragmatic considerations for the use of psychedelics in the postpartum period.Methods:We examined the available evidence for the treatment of PPD and the evidence for psychedelics in the treatment of MDD. We explored safety considerations in the use of psychedelics in the postpartum period.Results:There is increasing evidence for safety, and encouraging signals for efficacy, of psilocybin in the treatment of MDD. Psilocybin has been shown to catalyse a sense of ‘reconnection’ in participants with MDD. This effect in PPD, by fostering a sense of ‘reconnection’ for the mother, may allow for improved mood and maternal sensitivity towards the infant, which can positively impact maternal role gratification and the mother-infant relationship.Conclusion:Psychedelic assisted therapy in PPD may have a positive effect on the mother-infant dyad and warrants further examination.

The Mother-Daughter Relationship and Daughter's Positive Body Image: A Systematic Review

The mother-daughter dyad is a powerful relationship known to impact health and wellbeing of daughters throughout their life. This article examined studies focused on factors associated with daughter's positive body image through the mother-daughter relationship. In this systematic review searches were performed for English-language, peer-reviewed articles and dissertations published between 1955 to 2020 in the following databases: Family Studies Abstracts, ERIC, PsycINFO, PubMED, Scopus, and ProQuest Dissertations and Theses Global. Out of 444 potential records after removing duplicates, four were fully reviewed and synthesized. Study outcomes were analyzed through thematic analysis resulting in three major themes relating to the mother-daughter relationship as a facilitator for daughter's positive body image: (1) maternal role modeling of healthy behaviors; (2) positive body talk and communication; (3) relational connection.

The Effect of Psychological Support Intervention Based on Structure-Process-Result Three-Dimensional Quality Assessment on Maternal Role Adaptation and Pelvic Floor Rehabilitation Exercise Compliance of Women in Spontaneous Labor.

Objective A case-control study was conducted to explore the effect of psychological support intervention based on structure-process-result three-dimensional quality assessment on maternal role adaptation and pelvic floor rehabilitation exercise compliance. Methods 110 parturients who delivered naturally in our hospital from January 2019 to October 2021 were randomly divided into the control group and the study group. Patients in the former group received routine nursing measures, while patients in the latter group received psychological support intervention based on structure-process-outcome three-dimensional quality assessment (intervention group). Psychological intervention measures include health education, cognitive therapy, behavioral therapy, collective psychological intervention, and happiness therapy. The Edinburgh postpartum depression (PPD) scale and general self-efficacy scale were adopted before intervention, on the day of discharge, and 42 days after delivery. Meanwhile, the mother's role adaptation questionnaire was adopted 42 days after delivery. The PPD, the change of self-efficacy, the function of the pelvic floor, the role adaptation of mothers, and the compliance of pelvic floor rehabilitation exercise in the control group and the intervention group were analyzed. Results There was a significant difference in the EPDS score between the two groups at 42 days after delivery. There was a significant difference in the incidence of depression 42 days after delivery between the two groups (P < 0.05). The score of pelvic floor function in the two groups after intervention was higher than that before intervention, and that in the intervention group was higher than that in the control group (P < 0.05). The score of self-efficacy in the two groups after intervention was higher than that before intervention, and that in the intervention group was higher than that in the control group (P < 0.05). The role adaptation of mothers in the intervention group was better than that in the control group (P < 0.05). The compliance rate of pelvic floor rehabilitation exercise in the intervention group was higher than that in the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion Psychological support intervention based on structure-process-result three-dimensional quality assessment can effectively enhance the sense of self-efficacy, pelvic floor function, maternal role adaptation, and pelvic floor rehabilitation exercise compliance of parturients and can effectively reduce the incidence of PPD and play a positive role in the prevention of PPD.

The Evolution of Maternal Role Attainment: A Theory Analysis.

This analysis highlights the evolution of the theory of maternal role attainment. Reva Rubin established the foundation for theory of maternal role attainment in her 1967 article. In 2004, Ramona Mercer made the argument to change the name from maternal role attainment to becoming a mother. In this analysis, recommendations are made to further develop this theory including updated theoretical models. This theory remains relevant to nursing, especially to nurses working with families during this transitionary time.

Play and Mothers' Relationships With Children in the Context of Breast Cancer.

This interpretative phenomenological study explored play experiences between mothers who had completed, or were receiving treatment for, breast cancer and their young children and disease-related factors influencing those experiences. Six Puerto Rican mothers who had young children at the time of their primary treatment were interviewed. Interviews were recorded, transcribed, and analyzed through constant comparative method. Two themes emerged: (a) "changes and challenges," which contextualized disease-related factors affecting the maternal role; and (b) "play and relationships with children" described play moments and how treatment affected these. Participants emphasized the benefits of playing and relating with their children while in treatment. Play as a co-occupation and an effective means to connect mothers with their children must be considered in the practice of occupational therapy. Future studies with more diverse samples of mothers at different stages of the disease are warranted to expand this exploratory work.