Material For Biodiesel Production Research Articles

TBO's and alternate sources of oils

Oils are triglycerides of glycerol with free fatty acids. The major source of edible oils in agriculture is from the seeds of crops like soya, groundnuts, rapeseed (mustard), sesame, sunflower, safflower etc. Tree-Borne Oilseeds, commonly called TBO`s, are not considered as sources of edible oilseeds, except for oil palm and coconut, and hence do not occupy an important place in the highly commoditized edible oil markets. However, they do have the potential to play major roles in agri-business due to several alternative uses they have, the most important of which is as raw material for production of bio-diesel, an environment-friendly substitute for petro-diesel, which is by far the highest used liquid petroleum fuel in transport and industry sectors. Some of the more potential TBO species are pongamia, simarouba, mahua, neem, jatropha, sal etc.

Biodiesel Production from Waste Cooking Oil Using Different Types of Catalysts

The global energy demand is increasing day by day. Fossil fuels such as crude oil, coal and gas are the main source of energy worldwide. However, fossil fuels, which cause acid rain, the greenhouse effect and other such environmental problems, will eventually be depleted, and renewable energy seems to be the most reasonable solution in this regard. Renewable biofuels have significant potential and can meet the world’s current energy demand. One of the important biofuels is biodiesel, and in the future it can replace petroleum. Waste cooking oil was used as a raw material in biodiesel production in order to reduce the production cost of the offered additive. In this study, the aim was to optimize the process parameters for biodiesel production within the acceptable limit values in the literature. Therefore, the molar ratio of methanol to waste cooking oil (9:1–15:1), catalyst concentration (1–5% by weight) and reaction time (60–120 min) were studied for two catalyst types, potassium hydroxide and ion exchange resin Amberlyst 15. The biodiesel obtained with maximum efficiency for each catalyst was also compared with the international biodiesel standards.

Influence of Hydrogen in Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) Biodiesel Blends on Performance Parameters, Exergy Distribution and Emissions in Stationary Engines

This study has evaluated the influence of hydrogen in a biodiesel fuel produced from palm oil residual material. For the development of the research, an analysis of the energy and exergy distribution, performance parameters, and emission characteristics has been carried out. The experimental tests have been carried out on a stationary diesel engine operated at three load conditions: 60%, 80%, and 100%. The engine has been fuelled with four types of fuel: D100%, POME5%, POME5% + 0.10 lpm and POME5% + 0.20 lpm, respectively. Overall, the POME5% fuel causes a 7.28% decrease in combustion chamber peak pressure and a 12.33% increase in engine BSEC. The results obtained show that the POME5% + 0.10 lpm and POME5% + 0.20 lpm fuel blends produce a 2.86% increase in peak pressure and a 3.86% decrease in engine BSEC compared to POME5% biodiesel. Additionally, a 4% and 3.72% increase in energy and exergy efficiency is obtained. The blends POME5% + 0.10 lpm and POME5% + 0.20 lpm allow a reduction of 11.72% and 12.73% in HC and CO emissions compared to pure diesel. The study shows that hydrogen can potentially encourage palm oil waste as a raw material in biodiesel production.

A variable neighborhood search based matheuristic for a waste cooking oil collection network design problem

Households produce large amounts of waste cooking oil (WCO), which should be disposed properly to avoid its negative impacts on the environment. Using WCO as raw material in biodiesel production is an effective disposal method. In this study, we focus on designing an efficient WCO collection network, in which households deposit their WCO into the bins to be placed at several collection centers (CCs), which are then regularly collected by capacitated vehicles. We study the problem of determining (i) the number and location of the CCs, (ii) the assignment of households to the CCs, respecting a certain coverage distance threshold, (iii) the number of bins to place at each CC, and (iv) the vehicle routes navigating between the biodiesel facility and CCs to minimize the sum of fixed cost of opening CCs and placing bins at each CC and routing cost. To solve the proposed location-routing problem, we develop a novel matheuristic based on Variable Neighborhood Search, which incorporates an integer programming model to determine the bin allocation and assignment decisions. We evaluate the solution performance of different variants of the proposed algorithm by performing an extensive computational study on a set of hypothetical and case instances. The results show that the proposed matheuristic provides superior solutions with respect to benchmark algorithms.

Enhanced oil recovery from palm oil mill effluent using ultrasonication technique

Palm oil is the planet’s most exploited vegetable oil. However, its extensive commercialization has resulted in massive waste, particularly palm oil mill effluent (POME), contributing to severe environmental pollution. POME has a high concentration of oil and grease (O&G) with the mean value of 4,340 mg/L, exceeding the standard discharge limit of 50 mg/L. Hence, the recovery of oil content in POME is crucial as it could be a key material in biodiesel production. The oil droplets in POME exist in two phases: floating in the supernatant and suspended in the solids. During the solvent extraction process, the oil adsorbed by the solid particles is not entirely recovered. Thus, ultrasonication-based process intensification is introduced. Ultrasonication can break apart the solid particles and release the oil content using the principle of sound waves, thereby it will eventually increase the yield of oil recovery from POME. Although some studies were done on oil extraction from POME, the use of ultrasonication technique to enhance the extraction of oil from POME has never been done. The current research work is to investigate the feasibility of using ultrasonication technique to enhance the oil recovery from POME and compare it to a non-ultrasonicated POME. Overall, this research discovered that using ultrasonication as a pre-treatment would improve oil recovery yield from POME by 39.17% as compared to non-ultrasonicated sample under the optimum ultrasonication conditions of 30% amplitude and 30 seconds duration.

One-step direct transesterification of wet yeast for biodiesel production catalyzed by magnetic nanoparticle-immobilized lipase

To develop a method for direct transesterification of wet yeast using immobilized lipase, the oleaginous yeast Saitozyma podzolica Zwy-2-3 and the lipase producing Burkholderia pyrrolica WZ10-3 were used as materials for production of biodiesel. Fe3O4@SiO2-CHO prepared by modifying Fe3O4 with TEOS, APTES and glutaraldehyde. The biocatalysts covalently cross-linked with WZ10-3 lipase by Fe3O4@SiO2-CHO were characterized by FTIR, XRD and TEM. When the enzyme dosage, glutaraldehyde concentration, temperature and time were 30.22 mL, 2.0%, 40 °C and 4 h, the immobilized lipase activity and immobilization rate reached 10038.0 U/g and 96.9%, respectively. The optimum temperatures for immobilized and free lipase were 60 °C and 40 °C. The immobilized enzyme still had 80% enzymatic activity after 48 d storage at 4 °C. The optimized conditions for the direct conversion of immobilized lipase to esterified wet yeast (one-step) were: enzyme dosage 2.5 g, reaction temperature 35 °C; water content 15%; and molar ratio of n-hexane to methanol 3: 1. The transesterification rates of one-step method for oil and biomass were 98.12% and 56.11%, respectively. In contrast, the two-step method was only 88.75% and 51.21%. The immobilized enzyme had 90% enzyme activity after 10 times of reuse.

Valorization of poultry slaughterhouse sludge oil: a strategy to reduce Brazil’s dependency on soybean oil in the biodiesel industry

ABSTRACT During the poultry industrialization process the so-called sludge oil, a residual chicken fat, is recovered in the wastewater treatment plant and its use presents potential as raw material for biodiesel production. Thus, the aim of the study was to prepare blends of sludge oil with soybean oil to obtain fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) through the homogeneous alkaline transesterification reaction. To perform this study, a simple pre-treatment process – heating and subsequent filtration – was used, allowing sludge oil to be mixed with soybean oil to compose blends, without the need to use more sophisticated pre-treatment processes. After this step, blends ranging from 5% to 90% (m/m) of sludge oil mixed with soybean oil were prepared. The results showed that the molar ratio (1:6 oil blend:methanol), catalyst concentration 0.5% NaOH (mcat/moil), at 65 °C for 60 min yielded FAME above 99.0 and 90.0% (m/m) for blends with up to 5 and 15% sludge oil, respectively. By increasing the temperature to 70 °C, under the same selected parameters, the blend with 10% sludge oil provided yield above 99.0% (m/m), presenting appropriate physicochemical properties, within the parameters required by National Agency of Petroleum, Natural Gas and Biofuels (ANP). These findings show the great potential sludge oil provides to reduce Brazil’s dependency on soybean oil for biodiesel production. Highlights Sludge oil, a waste raw material for biodiesel production, is not yet explored in Brazil. A procedure for biodiesel production using soybean oil and sludge oil blends was proposed. The best reaction condition was 1:6 oil blend:MeOH molar ratio; 0.5% NaOH (mcat/moil), at 70 °C for 60 min. Biodiesel yield was higher than 99% (m/m) under optimal reaction conditions. Sludge oil represents a promising waste raw material for biodiesel production.

Investigation on algae oil extraction from algae Spirogyra by Soxhlet extraction method

Abstract The demand for energy is growing tremendously due to the modernization in every aspect of life, hence in order to meet the demands without any lag in the growth and development of the world, an alternative source of energy needs to be found. The best alternative would be biofuels which are extracted from organic compounds. Out of many different organic sources available, algae are one among them, which can be used to extract biofuel. Algae are aquatic organisms which are found in all types of water bodies. Also, algae are plentily available and can be easily cultivated, to be considered as one of the potential raw material for production of biodiesel in large scale. In this present research, an experimental setup was fabricated to produce the algae oil. The algae species used for this investigation was Spirogyra sp. Solvent extraction method was used to produce algae oil. The Soxhlet apparatus was used to carry out the solvent extraction process. The solvent type used for the present study was n-hexane, which is an organic non-polar solvent suitable for extracting lipid content from the biomass. From the experiment, it was found that the oil extraction from 100% dried algae and finer size of algae resulted in higher percentage of oil extraction. For algae of mass 50 g, the oil yielded was around 83% for solid to solvent ratio of 1:5, particle size of 0.322 μm, and reaction time was of 3 h. Also, the oil extracted from the algae is characterized to identify its suitability for using it as an alternative fuel in the IC engines. The characterization revealed that, the physiochemical properties were in permissible range in comparison with the standard diesel.

A Systematic Review of Biodiesel Production with Sustainable Feedstock Using Assorted Catalyst

This research is focused on methodical appraisal and long lasting use of feed stocks for manufacture of biodiesel. Biodiesel is a good substitute to petroleum diesel because of its environmentally friendly constituents. They are renewable, sustainable with high oxygen content. Production of biodiesel form various feedstock’s using a suitable and affordable catalyst have also been reported in this review. They are produced by the reaction of a free fatty acid with an alcohol using a suitable catalyst at appropriate conditions with suitable parameters. Consideration of sundry or assorted materials for production of biodiesel became necessary in order to have an idea of quality yield of biodiesel from different materials. It is equally important to note that one of the most common input parameters for accelerating the yield of biodiesel is feed stocks. The most prevalent is catalyst, which vary for biodiesel production. There are various catalyst for biodiesel production ranging from base catalyst, acid catalyst and many more. This research delves into sustainable production of biodiesel from diverse categories and the effects of the produced biodiesel on the fuel properties. Various breakthroughs have been recorded from different researchers to increase biodiesel as a vital fuel for engines. In addition to its tremendous capacity to evacuate various problems from the environment like the greenhouse gases and global warming, they are also very affordable and renewable. Biodiesel will play a vital role in the energy investment and contribute tremendously to the increase in the local and industrial automobile economy for the future.

Biodiesel production from waste frying oils in the presence of zeolite synthesized from steel furnace slag

ABSTRACT Furnace slag is a by-product of the steel industry containing high amounts of silica. This inexpensive material existsin large quantities and can be used for the synthesis of zeolite. In the present study, a zeolite was synthesised using the slag by hydrothermal method, and it was used in biodiesel production from waste oil. Analysis of the physical and chemical properties of synthesised zeolitewas performed using XRF, TGA, BET, FE-SEM,XRD and EDAX.In catalysing biodiesel production, effective parameters on biodiesel production including reaction time, the molar ratio of methanol to oil, and the catalyst dosehave been investigated.The produced biodiesel was analysed by gas chromatography (GC) and its characteristics were compared with the ASTM D-6751 standard. In the optimised conditions including the molar ratio of methanol to oil 12, the reaction time of 4 h and, catalyst dose of 3 Wt. %, about 96% of biodiesel production was achieved.The reusability of the catalyst was also investigated and it was found that the catalyst can be recovered and reused for several times. Accordingly, it can be concluded that the synthesised zeolite in the present study can be a useful material for biodiesel production.

Nitrogen Deprivation in Fremyella diplosiphon Augments Lipid Production without Affecting Growth

Metabolic products such as lipids and proteins produced in cyanobacteria represent an excellent source of biomass and do not compete with agricultural land use unlike soybean and corn. Given their potential use as novel materials for biodiesel production, we aimed to explore the effect of cultivation period and nitrogen concentration on the growth rate and lipid content of Fremyella diplosiphon, a model cyanobacterium. In this study, F. diplosiphon grown in BG11/HEPES medium supplemented with 1.5 g L−1 sodium nitrate (NaNO3) for 7, 10, 15, and 20 days were compared to the untreated control in media amended with 0.25, 0.5, and 1.0 g L−1 NaNO3. Cultures were inoculated in liquid media and grown under continuous fluorescent light in an orbital incubator shaker, and extracted lipids subjected to gravimetric analysis and gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy to determine the best culture conditions for lipid production. Our results demonstrated that a reduction in nitrogen concentration had no significant effect on the growth rate across all cultivation periods; however, the accumulation of total lipid content was significantly influenced by nitrogen concentration. A maximum lipid production (40%) with no reduction in growth was observed in 10-day old cultures in a BG11/HEPES medium supplemented with 1.0 g L−1 NaNO3. Fatty acid methyl ester composition of transesterified lipids demonstrated high amounts of methyl palmitate (50–70%) followed by methyl octadecenoate (17–30%) in the accumulated lipids at all treatments. Trace quantities of methyl dodecanoate, methyl hexadecanoate, methyl octadecanoate, and methyl octadecadienoate (1–8%) were also observed in all tested samples, indicating that nitrogen deprivation in culture media increases lipid production without affecting growth.

Lipid accumulation and profiling in microalgae Chlorolobion sp. (BIOTECH 4031) and Chlorella sp. (BIOTECH 4026) during nitrogen starvation for biodiesel production

Lipid-accumulating microalgae are an emerging feedstock for production of liquid biofuel because of their high biomass and lipid productivity. The potential of the green microalgae, Chlorolobion sp. (BIOTECH 4031) and Chlorella sp. (BIOTECH 4026), for biodiesel production was evaluated by analyzing the effect of nitrogen starvation (0.375–1.500 g L−1 NaNO3) on growth response, oil yield, and fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) profiles of the two algal strains. Maximum biomass yields for Chlorolobion sp. and Chlorella sp. were obtained after 20 days of cultivation using the control medium (1.5 g L−1 NaNO3) with 0.873 g L−1 and 0.757 g L−1, respectively. An increasing trend in the total lipid yield was observed under a nitrogen-starved culture condition (0.375 g L−1 NaNO3). When the amount of nitrate was limited, the mean oil contents of Chlorolobion sp. and Chlorella sp. were 31.61 and 28.77% with lipid productivity of 227.84 and 151.14 mg L−1 day−1, respectively. Nitrogen starvation caused an increase in the lipid yield and a decrease in biomass production of the two microalgae. The FAME profile of the obtained algal biodiesel shows a high concentration of saturated fatty acid (SAFA) and monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) methyl esters which are desirable for biodiesel production. The fuel properties of biodiesel from the two microalgae were predicted based on the molecular properties of fatty acid methyl esters using empirical equations showing that the biodiesel properties of the two microalgae satisfied the set specifications of biodiesel standards EN 14214 (European) and ASTM D6751 (American). The quality properties of biodiesel obtained for Chlorolobion sp. were low density (0.89 g cm−3), low kinematic viscosity (2.79 mm2 s−1), cetane number (65.17), and oxidation stability (8.93 h). On the other hand, Chlorella sp. has low density (0.88 g cm−3), low kinematic viscosity (2.78 mm2 s−1), good cetane number (68.79), and oxidation stability (10.44 h). Hence, Chlorolobion sp. (BIOTECH 4031) and Chlorella sp. (BIOTECH 4026) have potential as raw material for production of biodiesel with superior fuel quality.

Pengujian Association Clasification Dalam Meningkatkan Kualitas Minyak Sawit Sebagai Bahan Dasar Biodisel

The role of oil and gas business in Indonesia has always influenced the source of revenue from the country and energy sources for the national economy. In the 1970 's to the 1990 's and mid-1990 's, it was characterized by the high dependence of the national economy on oil and gas revenues, triggering massive oil and gas-producing. Currently, Indonesia is the largest palm oil producer and exporter in the world. Palm oil is one of the roads to overcome the problem of petroleum in Indonesia. To commercialize plants is still constrained because the availability of low raw material costs very hard to get. The amalgamation of crude palm oil and crude palm sludge is one of the problems of raw materials for renewable energy production. This low-level oil has great potential as a raw material for biodiesel production. To get the maximum quality mixing required a computer method. The method used in this study is analysis study with the Association classification approach by testing Improved Apriori algorithm in mining palm oil dataset. In this research using Data Mining application so that can be used to display the information of quality improvement of palm oil acid with high quality as a biodiesel base where the information is seen from the value of support and Confidence between items. M-Apriori algorithm can not read the continous data, so it must be done transformation first, one of them using the help of discreetization technique. Crude palm oil acid type esteridication which is fatty acid levels > 60 and Abu bunches 51-100 g/mol then the quality of biodiesel with the result of rising methyl Ester increases by as much as 100% (confidence: 1). From data that is calculated manually, no relationship is found Association.

The election of edible and non edible crop for biodiesel feedstock in Indonesia with AHP-BCR and GC analysis

The increasing trend of domestic fuel consumption that is not followed by domestic fuel production creating problem for Indonesian government to fulfill the shortage of fuel consumption. The high dependence of Indonesian government on imported fuel creates some problem due to the large subsidy that must be given as a result of the increasing oil prices. This makes the development of biofuel important, especially biodiesel with an abundant raw material in Indonesia. In this work, the best alternative and the composition of raw materials for making biodiesel were investigated by using Gas Chromatographic (GC) and Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) - benefit-cost ratio (BCR). With GC analysis, it is expected to know the content of triglyceride (TG) and free fatty acid (FFA) content in crude oil for each alternative raw material. While the AHP-BCR analysis is expected to know the best alternative to raw materials for biodiesel production. The alternative raw materials that are selected namely Calophyllum inophyllum and Jatropha curcas . The selection of alternative raw material based on oil content, yield, and raw material cost. The criteria used for benefit hierarchy structure are economic, social, raw material availability, environment and technical. As for the hierarchy of cost structure, the criteria are the price of raw materials, opportunity cost, processing cost, environmental cost, and social cost. The present study clearly proved that C. inophyllum and Jatropha curcas oil potentially become the best alternative material for biodiesel production. The result shown from benefit-cost ratio were almost identical ( jatropha curcas , 1.01 and C.Inophyllum , 1). From GC analysis, C. Inophyllum became the potential alternative material because it has the biggest oil content for crude (75.99%) and after purification (94.24%).

ENERGY RISK MANAGEMENT AND COST OF ECONOMIC PRODUCTION BIODIESEL PROJECT

Although electricity in Thailand is still sufficient to provide services, but there may be a risk in future from relying solely only on oil energy. Therefore, alternative energy is a good way to distribute fuel. The growth rate of community brings higher levels of imported energy from foreign countries including expansion of large projects resulting in opening of exploration and production rights for petroleum to increase energy security and reduce domestic risks. This research aims study of economic production cost analysis for community biodiesel production from remained kitchen oil case of community management. The collecting information is on price and use of raw materials for biodiesel production to calculate. According to studies, it has been found that total variable cost of biodiesel production process for 1st time is equal to 33.42 baht/L comparing to 2nd time on total variable cost only 23.62 baht/L. Most of variable cost for 2nd time is used kitchen oil representing 51% of total cost price. This research analyzed production potential for the use of biodiesel B100 reflecting on reduction of diesel used in community’s agricultural machine. It was found that community has potential to produce biodiesel for their own use causing savings within community around 134,220 baht per year if community produce 1,500 L. If the government encourages community members to understand and produce biodiesel for themselves, it will be able to reduce oil imports many million baht and overall positive impact on economic, social and environmental sectors of Thailand.

Microalgae Biodiesel as a Valuable Alternative to Fossil Fuels

The world economic growth causes the excessive use of fossil fuels which are the main sources of environmental pollution and global warming due to the production of carbon dioxide and sulfur compounds. Microalgae biodiesel has been considered as a renewable and sustainable energy source and has the potential to be a suitable alternative to fossil fuels due to reduction of the emission of toxic gas to the atmosphere. Microalgae open a credible new path to biomass production as a sustainable material in biodiesel production. The study of genetic engineering of microalgae and biodiesel extraction as a major biofuel has received significant attention in recent years. There are a number of successive procedures for biodiesel production using microalgae, including obtaining the raw material or fuel required for industrial processes, which includes selection of sufficient microalga species, large-scale culture, collecting cells, extracting oil, and transesterification. In order to decrease the yield cost, there should be technological advancements and process improvement. The current study is a brief review of microalgae biodiesel production with the goal of replacing fossil fuel.

Biodiesel production from Pichia Kudriavzevii using Algae Kappaphycus Alvarezii as a fermentation substrate

Kappaphycus alvarezii is red algae that can be used as an alternative raw material in biodiesel production, because K. alvarezii c ontains high carbohydrate which is 60%. This study aims to determine the effect of nutrition and fermentation duration of K. alvarezii algae to hydrolysis results on cell’s biomass. This study used the enzymatic hydrolysis method, fermentation method and sonication method. In this study, hydrolysis method was conducted by using 150 KNU/L of α-amylase enzyme with 0.5%, 1%, 1.5% and 2% of algae concentration. K. alvarezii algae is fermented by yeast Phicia kudriavzevii. This study, fermentation method used was Gandasil-D® as an inorganic nutrition and Yeast Extract as an organic nutrition. The result of this research shows that P. kudriavzevii biomass can produced biodiesel by carbon source from K. alvarezii algae on 48th hours. The dominant types of fatty acids are oleic acid which is 39.33%.The result shows that it has high potential to be used as biodiesel raw material.

Population Arrangement of Crambe Plants

Crambe (Crambe abyssinica Hochst) is an alternative raw material for biodiesel production. It is highly resistant to drought and has short growing cycle of 90 to 100 days. This work was conducted in Umuarama city, Parana State, Brazil, in Haplortox typical and aimed to study the effect of row spacing and population densities in the development of crambe in two growing seasons. The experimental design was a randomized block in a 3x3 factorial scheme with four replications. The treatments consisted of three row spacing (15, 30 and 45 cm) and three population densities (500 thousand, 750 thousand and 1 million plants per hectare). It was evaluated the thousand grain weight, oil content and grain yield. It can be concluded that high and low spacing plant population lead to smaller yields.

Pre-treatment of Waste Cooking Oils for Biodiesel Production

Production of waste cooking oil in big cities is a problem for public health in different countries around the world. A feasible solution is employing as raw material for biodiesel production. However, the problem is the high content of free fatty acids, moisture and solid particles presented in the oil. Therefore, this article analyses a process to treat Colombian waste cooking oils, by filtrating with a cellulose filter, drying with silica gel, and esterifying with methanol. For removing of particles it was standardized a process of filtration employing paper filter. With this process the solids remotion was 78.63%. After filtration oil was submitted to adsorption with silica gel. The experimental design was two concentration of adsorbent (0.025 g silica gel/ml oil and 0.11 g silica gel /ml oil) and two temperatures (15° C – 60°C). The best condition was temperature of 15 °C and a relation of 0.11 g silica gel /ml oil. The last step evaluated was esterification which to transform free fatty acid in methyl esters. In this reaction were evaluated two temperatures (40 °C and 60 °C), two concentration of sulfuric acid (1% w/w and 3% w/w) and two alcohol:oil molar relations (4:1 and 6:1). According to experimental results the best conditions were 60°C, 1% w/w sulfuric acid with 4:1 alcohol:oil molar relation during 2 hours. Finally oil obtained had less of 1% of moisture, 0.25% of solids suspended and1.38 mg KOH/g oil of acid value. These attributes satisfactorily meet with ASTM and ISO standards, so it will be possible to use as raw material for biodiesel production.

Catalytic hydrogenation of straight vegetable oil using NiMo/ Al2O3 catalyst for biodiesel production

The attractiveness of biodiesel as an alternative fuel compared to fossil fuels because it has many advantages such as the availability of abundant raw materials, more environmentally friendly, high combustion efficiency, low sulphur content, high cetane number and biodegradability. Making biodiesel from straight vegetable oil (VGO) has been done through the catalytic hydrogenation process. A VGO of callophylum inophyllum oil was treated via degumming and neutralisation to remove all impurities before hydroprocessing. Hydroprocessing was carried out in a 500ml autoclave at 30 – 50 MPa of initial hydrogen pressure, 300 – 400oC of reaction temperature and equipped with stirrer and cooling system. NiMo/Al2O3 catalyst was activated with CS2 mixture at 370oC prior to the reaction. Some physical and chemical properties of the catalytic hydroprocessing product have been investigated in accordance to ASTM standard. The measurement result of product varies according to the operation condition. The result showed that callophyllum inophyllum oil can be used as raw material for biodiesel production over NiMo/Al2O3. Sulfided NiMo/Al2O3 catalysts are preferred due to high diesel yield.