Material Civilization Research Articles

The Relationship between ATheism and Extremism

The research entitled "The Relationship between Extremism and Atheism" aims to show that extremism and atheism represent human choice and reflect the freedom of man to choose, in response to those who claim that man is forced, and also confirms that man is governed by reason in the material axis. Whereas, the unseen is no way to delve into it except with the light of revelation and Allah has provided guidance for humanity whenever it strayed and distracted with its ideas.The sequence of human deviation begins with exaggeration, passes through extremism and ends with atheism, Contemporary atheism is associated with material civilization and its main origin is the western thought. Extremism and atheism have destructive consequences for the individual and society, and European societies are the best witness in this field.

The Regeneration and Value Realization of Urban Cultural Resources in the Capital of Culture in East Asian Cities: The Examples from China

The development of a city is not only a long-term process of material environment construction, but also a long-term process of cultural development and civilization accumulation. The essence of a city is that the city can provide people with a high-quality lifestyle: “valuable, meaningful, tasteful, dignified and dreamy”. When a city's material civilization is built to a certain extent, the excessive materialization needs cultural harmony to be more perfect. The Capital of Culture in East Asia has rich cultural resources, and also excellent tourist cities. The core task of building the Capital of Culture in East Asia is to protect and utilize cultural resources fully, and promote the regeneration of urban cultural resources and cultural development. This study used research data derived from the relevant statistics officially released by the cities, and mainly using the case study with the Capital of Culture in East Asia in China as the example. Previous studies have shown that the realization of a city's cultural value is first to promote the regional development of the urban culture, so as to allow the residents to establish “Asian awareness” and “Asian vision”, promote the development of urban culture in life, and increase opportunities for host and guest participation. On this basis, the spatial carrier of urban culture production, trade and consumption is built through the construction of urban culture space and the production of space. Finally, through the implementation of a brand strategy for the Capital of Culture in East Asia, the city's cultural space, cultural taste and consumption level will be improved, the city brand based on local culture and regional culture will be built, and its competitiveness will be achieved on both regional and global levels.

A Study of Ethnic Communications, Exchanges and Fusions in the Legend of the Great Wall in Gansu

The Great Wall is the crystallization of the spiritual and material civilization of the Chinese nation, and the legends passed down inside and outside the Great Wall contain the splendid culture created by all Chinese nationalities, which has a very rich connotation. The Chinese nation is a unified multi-ethnic country, and in the historical process of national unity, there have been splits, mergers, fusions and finally unification, and many themes of ethnic conflicts and national unity in this process can be found in the Great Wall legends. This paper analyzes the Great Wall legend which reflected the conditions of national interaction, exchanges and integration between ethnic groups inside and outside the Great Wall in different periods.

Architectural Element Symbols in Hotel Design in Song Dynasty of China -A Case Study of the Design Practice of Garden Hotel in Xingtai City-

The Chinese nation has created countless material civilizations and spiritual civilizations in the course of its 5,000-year history. hina is recognized as one of the four ancient civilizations. Its splendid history and culture not only have a profound influence on the history development and culture formation of the country and the whole world. Thr common human wealth has made important contribution to the development of China and the world, and provided abundant materials and resources for the development of architectural design. The Song Dynasty was the peak period of the development of ancient Chinese architecture, especially the birth of 'Building French Style'. World-leading achievements have been made in building standardization and structural mechanics. The new architectural environment art and architectural form beauty have been formed in architectural art. This paper mainly analyses and studies the characteristics of architecture and construction technology in Song Dynasty, and applies it to hotel design and interior design.

사학사의 관점에서 본 국내 중국 환경사 연구

This paper was prepared to review the study of Chinese environmental history written by Korean scholars from a perspective of history of historiography. Environmental history research strongly criticizes current history, but at the same time, environmental history can contribute to making history more like history. I thought so on the following three points.
 First, China's environmental history aims for a total history. To this end, an integrated understanding of conflicting issues such as development and environment, and material culture and mental culture is being attempted. It is also trying to understand transnational history beyond national history through disaster and climate history research. Such an integrated understanding of history can have important significance in that it reflects on the history of development and the history of looking only positively at the spread of material civilization.
 Second, in the study of Chinese environmental history by Korean historians, it was difficult to see the deterministic view that environment and climate change determine history. Looking at historical research on disasters and relief, the process of overcoming and responding to disasters was mainly studied by researchers. It was found that climate change did not affect only one direction. For example, during the Little Ice Age, the fishery resources of the sea became rather abundant, filling the stomachs of the hungry people of that period. In addition, through the study of Manchuria, the Qing Dynasty's border area, it was found that the ecological environment of the border area was not just natural, but also an imperial border area formed by the imperial strategy and domination intention. In other words, a new perspective on the empire's ruling system was presented through environmental history.
 Third, the reason why environmental history research can have a new perspective can be found in that it is introducing new protagonists in history in nature, not humans. Various main characters, including pathogens, trees, animals, and climate, appeared as the main characters of Chinese environmental history research. As such, the higher the understanding of things other than humans, that is, nature, the richer the understanding of human history.

ASPEK HUKUM KEGIATAN PERPAJAKAN DALAM PERSPEKTIF HUKUM PERDATA

Even though taxation activities are the actions of state administration officials in collecting taxes from their citizens, they are substantially an engagement. The state is the tax collector (creditor) and the taxpayer is the taxpayer (debtor). Therefore, the legal aspect of the engagement is dominant in taxation activities. Several aspects of civil law can be described, both material civil law, especially those relating to engagements as regulated in book III of the Civil Code and formal civil law relating to execution. Among them are related to the legal aspects of taxation activities in the perspective of engagement law, the expiration of tax debts, default and legal consequences and their execution. This includes hostage measures (gijzeling) that can be imposed on the taxpayer who in bad faith does not carry out his tax obligations.

A Study of “Tradition” in Ziauddin Sardar’s “Surviving Postmodernism” and Paul Gilroy’s “Not a Story to Pass On: Living Memory and the Slave Sublime”

This article is concerned with the study of ‘Tradition’ in Ziauddin Sardar’s essay“Surviving Postmodernism (1997)” and Paul Gilroy’s “Not a Story to Pass On: Living Memory and the Slave Sublime (1993)” which discuss on non-Western culture and black cultural production respectively. Both essays have entailed the issue of ‘tradition’ and the problem with tradition in Western society is that being traditional is to become parochial and regressive by ignoring the progress of modernity whereas in the eastern society it is a way of moving ahead protecting cultural values with proper refinement. In this regard, this article purports to excavate the ground of tradition in both societies. The nub of these two essays is that tradition is not the exact opposite of modernity and progress, it is rather a force to bridge past and present in an innovative way and a medium to trace back the history and heritage of any community. Sardar sees power in tradition to survive postmodernism and Gilroy finds tradition in black cultural production a potency to revisit African roots. In both culture, spiritual civilization is the basis of their activities, which inhere force to defuse fragmentation caused by material civilization. The researcher has studied ‘tradition’ as a tool of analyzing the two essays under scrutiny.

Discussion on the Integration of Ideological and Political Education in Colleges and Universities and Chinese Traditional Culture Education

Discussion on the integration of ideological and political education in colleges and universities and Chinese traditional culture education is the focus of this manuscript. The digital age is a historical complex integrating the development achievements of material civilization, spiritual civilization, and ecological civilization. Building a sustainable and healthy society and promoting the all-round development of people have become the fundamental starting point and end point of the development of digital technology. Hence, with this integration, the paper gives the comprehensive discussions on the integration of ideological and political education in colleges and universities and Chinese traditional culture education. The protection of national traditional culture is to make the traditional national culture passed down from generation to generation and last forever, and the integration is the scenario of the combinational improvement.

Image as Symbol: Conflict Metaphor Construction in Pema Tseden’s Films

Symbols are an important element of film, and the metaphorical function of symbols helps the works to express meaning. In the works of Chinese director Pema Tseden, the conflict between modern civilization and primitive civilization in Tibet is the object of his persistent expression. In the his different works, space symbols, image symbols and color symbols are constantly intertwined and transformed into Mysterious sight. This article aims to analyze how the director expresses the conflict between modern material civilization and traditional Tibetan civilization by analyzing the works of Pema Tseden on the basis of the space theory proposed by Michel Foucault.

Graphitic carbon nitride-based panchromatic composite photocatalysts: Visible light-driven elimination of nicotine and pathogenic microorganisms

Color, as an integral part of human life, enriches human material civilization and spiritual life. However, due to increasingly serious environmental pollution, the use of pigments is no longer limited to beautifying the environment, and their broader applications have also become the focus of research in recent years. Here, a simple one-step calcination method has been used to prepare new functional pigments by combining commercialized inorganic pigments with a novel g-C3N4 photocatalyst. These functional pigments exhibit high photocatalytic activity against nicotine under simulated sunlight and even weak white light emitting diode (white-LED) irradiation, and the degree of removal reached almost 100 % in 105 min. The novel photocatalytic pigments were further appended on the surface of low melting point sheath-core composite polyester fibers (LMPET), and the obtained multicolored photocatalytic fibers displayed multiple functions for photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants and antibacterial properties. Moreover, the prepared multicolored photocatalytic fibers could be recycled, and their catalytic performance was stable without significant reduction after ten cycles. The enhanced performance could be attributed to the expansion of the visible-light response range and the efficient separation of photogenerated electron–hole pairs. In addition, electron paramagnetic resonance analysis confirmed that •O2− and 1O2, rather than •OH, are the main reactive species for the photocatalytic reaction, effectively avoiding the oxidative corrosion of textile substrates. These novel photocatalytic pigments show great potential in the fields of painting and decoration, not only being aesthetically pleasing, but also acting to purify the indoor environment.

Oil Painting Art Appreciation Platform Based on Mobile Information System

Art is the product of culture, and the collision of cross-cultural communication and Chinese and Western culture has promoted the development and innovation of art. Today, oil painting is well known as a kind of art. At first, oil painting did not exist as art. It came from the most primitive activities of mankind and gradually became one of the categories of art with the development of civilization. In the context of the rapid development of material civilization today, the huge benefits brought by science and technology have promoted people’s pursuit of practicability. Oil painting has been used more as an instrument and has largely lost its purity as an art. Sexuality and spirituality and traditional cultural communication methods limit the development and inheritance of oil painting art. Oil painting can decorate the interior space and increase the income of museum tickets; it has collections that can add value; it cultivates readers’ temperament; the author expresses his emotions. Based on that, this article is based on the research of mobile information system and oil painting art cultural appreciation platform. The gradient descent method is the earliest, simplest, and most commonly used optimization method. The convergence speed of the gradient descent method in the region close to the optimal solution is significantly slower, and the use of the gradient descent method to solve the problem requires many iterations. First of all, this article uses the method of literature data to study the theories of keywords such as oil painting art and cultural communication. Then, oil painting art and culture communication model is designed through the classification algorithm under mobile information network. Finally, it analyzes the status quo of art culture dissemination and the dissemination of oil painting art culture in my country. Taking figure painting and landscape painting as examples, their total added values accounted for 33.4% and 49.2%, respectively. This shows that the overall scale of my country’s oil painting industry has been expanding year by year, and its status in the national economy has also been steadily improved.

Modelling Modular Living: Furniture and Life Magazine and Interior Design in 1980s China

Abstract In 1981, Furniture and Life magazine commenced publication in the city of Xi'an in the People’s Republic of China. By the late 1980s, it had become a well-known furniture and home-making magazine, read for its DIY guides, advice columns, and home stories. Each issue discussed how to beautify homes and turn the Chinese Communist Party’s vision for a ‘socialist material civilization’ into practice and lived experience. This article uses the case of Furniture and Life to chart the role of modular furniture in urban interior design and the cultural imagination of the 1980s, the first decade of the CCP’s economic reforms following the end of the Cultural Revolution. It traces the context in which the magazine was established, illustrating why furniture had become a pressing concern for many people across the country. It then shows how editors, themselves often architects, furniture designers, and engineers, focused on modular, ‘board-style’ furniture to solve people’s concrete problems of small living spaces and a growing desire for personal space. In this process, the magazine editors connected modular furniture and interiors to the CCP’s vision of socialist material and spiritual civilization, thus trying to lend concrete shape to broad political concepts.

The ‘material civilization’ in the National Historical and Artistic Heritage Service regional museums: confluences between the creation of the Diamond Museum and Juscelino Kubitschek’s museological imagination

Resumo Este artigo analisa a institucionalização dos museus regionais brasileiros e os seus impactos na imaginação museal de Juscelino Kubitschek de Oliveira (1902-1976). O intuito é observar as ressonâncias dos museus regionais criados pelo Serviço do Patrimônio Histórico e Artístico Nacional (SPHAN) e as singularidades desse projeto no contexto museológico brasileiro. Desse modo, por meio de análise documental e revisão bibliográfica, reconstrói momentos decisivos da concepção dos museus regionais, a partir do conceito de civilização material, e da criação do Museu do Diamante, em Diamantina, Minas Gerais. As análises demonstraram os agenciamentos entre as trajetórias de Juscelino Kubitschek e Rodrigo Melo Franco de Andrade ao forjarem uma determinada memória sobre Diamantina e mobilizarem uma imaginação museal em consonância com a projetada pelo SPHAN no âmbito dos museus regionais.

A New View of the Dynamics of Particle Structure

The new view denies the existence of fundamental particles in matter, and instead states that any particle and matter is a dynamic superposition of three natural elements, motion, force, and emptiness. This paper proposes a new theory of the structure of matter and the unification of the four forces. A correct understanding of the logic of material structure will enable atomic energy and nuclear physics to generate new manufacturing ideas. The dissertation expounds the natural distribution of dynamics and forces in space and the new deterministic theory of dynamic relationship. This theory solves problems such as the unity of the four forces and the dynamic laws of the material structure. In practical applications, it can provide new theoretical guidance for industrial manufacturing such as nuclear energy, fusion engineering, new energy, new materials, battery energy storage, new-generation reactors, etc., and then adopt effective means in line with the laws of natural power to make the substances needed by human beings. The supply of resources and energy is perfectly satisfied. Applying this theoretical model of material structure to all aspects of the manufacturing industry will surely open up a new era of material civilization for human beings.

Research on the Countermeasures and Significance of Colleges and Universities based on the Current Situation of Labour Education of Contemporary College Students

Labour is the cornerstone of the existence and development of human society, the common driving force of material civilization and spiritual civilization, and the source of the development and progress of human civilization. Incorporating Labour education into college teaching and combining it with ideological and political education is an important measure to improve college students' Labour ability, strengthen their will to Labour, and practice socialist Labour values. This research uses curriculum practice, questionnaire survey, media publicity, data analysis and other methods to take the students as the main body of the survey, and the Labour education course as the carrier to deeply understand the students’ daily Labour status, the preferences of course types, and individual Labour, concepts, external influencing factors and future course suggestions, fully realize the value of the course, and sublimate the meaning of the course.

대순사상의 인존(人尊)에 대한 화용론적(話用論的) 해석

This paper aims at revealing the core concept of Injon (Human Nobility). The concept of Injon is one of the salient fundamental ideas which makes Daesoon Jinrihoe recognizable as Daesoon Jinrihoe. The concept of Injon has the basic meaning of ‘human nobility,’ but within the context wherein the nobility of humankind is considered to be greater than the nobility of Heaven and Earth. Although the religious and ideological interpretations of Injon (human nobility) that have developed over time have been quite diverse and abundant, these interpretations are all limited in that they generally assume the relationship between ‘Heaven and Earth’ and ‘Humanity’ to be antagonistic. However, if human nobility is relativized in that manner, it can reduce the potential broader meanings of mutual beneficence and the earthly paradise of the later world. These interpretations are grounded in the view of semiotic interpretation. Such interpretations have composed their view point via the semiotic meaning of the words. The semiotic point of view suggests that meanings of words consist in the relation of the word and the object to which it denotes. We will introduce a new view point which can be termed the transcendental view point. This view focuses on how the exact interpretation of words and sentences depends on the comprehension of the triad of systematic relations among the word, object, and speaker. In the Daesoon Thought, the Former World is considered to be the world wherein all creations unfolded according to the principle of mutual contention. This led to the accumulation of grievances and grudges which condensed and filled the Three Realms of Heaven, Earth, and Humanity. The Former World was dominated by Western material civilization, selfishness, and exclusivism. It was also a world where humans suffered from various natural disasters such as floods, droughts, plagues, and wildfires. The Former World lost the constant Dao and was overwhelmed with all kinds of disasters and calamities. That world fell into various kinds of wretchedness. The causes which made the Former World so cruel came from humans misunderstanding their relation to nature and life in general; including human life. The anthropocentric modern cosmology insisted that the human race was the only one to have the powers and rights to exercise dominion over nature. On the other hand, there is the Later World, which means the ideal and perfect, immanent eternal world for all humankind in Daesoon Thought. This world consists of life, peace, and equality and is also characterized by three typical attributes: goodness, peace, and all kinds of life. All living beings previously struggled for survival, but in the Later World, those lifeforms will embrace each other; even across different realms. In Daesoon Thought, the world and cosmos contain diverse forms of life, and human have both an earthly life and life in the after world should they die before the Later World. There are also the lives of divine beings and animals, and other such living entities. Daesoon Thought subsumes pan-vitalism, which allows they acknowledgement of myriad possible lifeforms. The concept of the Later World in Daesoon Thought, which mainly revealed in The Canonical Scripture and the words of Sangje (Kang Jeungsan), suggests that all kinds of life, including humans, animals, and even spirits in the afterworld, can live together in a perfect coming earthly paradise which is immanent. The concept of Injon can be interpreted though the view of transcendental pragmatics as an alternative to the typical views discussed in Daesoon Thought. Thinkers should attempt to improve current discourse on Injon in Daesoon Thought by focusing on the point that all kinds the original teachings demonstrate a value of all lifeforms. Therein, Injon would indicate not only the human nobility and dignity but also the nobility and dignity of divine beings, divine humans, and all other forms of life that have existed across time. The dimension of time allows for recognition of lifeforms from the Former World, the afterworld, and the Later World. This revised appraisal of Injon could further accommodate denizens of the afterworld, animals, ghosts and spirits, the earth and cloud souls of humans, and other lifeforms held to exist in the cosmology of Daesoon Thought.

Investigation and Countermeasures of Public Transportation Civilization Construction in Wuhan City

The civilization of public transportation in Wuhan is an important part of the revitalization of Wuhan, and is the cornerstone of the efficient and normal operation of the city. The exploration of the civilization of public transportation in Wuhan is also the value of the concept of "Wuhan, every day is different" in the new era of Wuhan city development. In this study, a comprehensive analysis of the background, current situation and significance of the civilized construction of public transportation in Wuhan was carried out by comprehensively using various survey methods such as questionnaires, field surveys, and network surveys. In view of the problems of unreasonable structure of public transportation construction, uncoordinated development of transportation modes, low service level, imperfect system, and continuous growth of pollutants brought by public transportation in the process of civilization construction of public transportation in Wuhan, and in view of the unprecedented historical development opportunities faced by Wuhan and favorable conditions such as the thoroughfare of nine provinces and scientific and educational bases, we mainly focus on the construction of material civilization, spiritual civilization, institutional civilization and ecological civilization of public transportation in Wuhan.

PATHOLOGIES CAUSED BY INFILTRATION IN A LONG-STAY INSTITUTION FOR THE ELDERLY: A CASE STUDY

This paper is part of an extension project aimed at renovating the Carlos Romeiro Asylum, located in Conselheiro Lafaiete, Minas Gerais, starting from an initial conception about the current state of the building. For this, it was developed a literature review on the main cause of pathologies that affect the building, infiltration and humidity damage, and others. A case study will be presented, showing the main physical deficiencies of this resting house, to propose interventions based on Material Science and Civil Engineering. Because it is a place where the construction work must be done concomitantly with the circulation of people, this project needs to be divided into stages. It is important to point out that this work may involve both recovery materials and methods, which aim to reestablish the original conditions of the damaged structures, and reinforcement, which aim to adjust the resistant capacity of the structures according to their use. The development and application of this project will bring improvements to the elderly population of the asylum, enabling better health and mobility conditions inside the space where more than sixty old people live.

A strategic study for materials interdisciplinary frontiers and disruptive innovation

Disruptive innovation is an important indicator of the overall level of technological development of a country, which determines the level of national competitiveness. The disruptive innovation of cross integration of cutting-edge science and technology will play a leading role in technological progress and industrial development. Improving the disruptive innovation ability of cross integration of cutting-edge science and technology is the key to realizing the world-leading potential of China’s science, technology, and industry. Materials are the basis of human material civilization, national security, economic development, and social development. The promotion of interdisciplinary materials science and the integration of materials science with information science, environmental and energy science, life science, and other disciplines has become an important trend and driving force in the development of materials. This integration of materials science with other scientific areas is the key development direction in international research and the focus of future international competition. Cross-cutting-edge and disruptive innovation in the field of new materials are important metrics of the new technology revolution. Based on the strategic study of materials interdisciplinary frontiers and disruptive innovation, here we point out the development priorities according to major national needs. These priorities focus on seven interdisciplinary areas, in which materials science is integrated with physics and mathematics, life-medicine science, energy science, information science, bionics science, manufacturing science, and deep-space-sea-earth science. Through the in-depth collaborative works involving materials science with physics and mathematics, the transformation of the materials research paradigm will be promoted, developing new-concept functional materials and devices with revolutionary performance, new artificial intelligence materials, and future intelligent systems. The interdisciplinary research work involving materials science and life-medicine science will promote research on the basic biochemistry theory toward the creation of novel nanodrugs for major diseases, as well as the basis of tissue regeneration theory and functional reconstruction of important organs. Through the combination of materials science with energy science, new energy materials, devices, and application technologies will be developed to provide key materials and technical support for China’s carbon peak and carbon neutralization. Through collaborations involving materials science and information science, the next generation of new information technology materials and devices will be developed for optical fiber communication and optical fiber sensing technology, 6G communication, quantitative memristors, flexible electronic devices, storage materials and devices, light-emitting materials and devices, and single-photon detection. Through the combination of materials science and bionic science, interdisciplinary frontier basic scientific theories, such as the principle of multiscale composites for bionic hierarchical structures and life body and the mechanism behind the superwetting interface enhancement in life systems will be studied, and bionic health materials, bionic energy materials, bionic environmental materials, and bionic information materials will be developed. Through the interdisciplinary work involving materials science and manufacturing science, the theory and revolutionary technology of the extreme manufacturing of advanced materials, bionic manufacturing, femtosecond-light manufacturing, and composite-field manufacturing will be developed. Through the combination of materials science and deep-space, deep-sea, and deep-earth science, key materials will be developed to meet the national strategic needs in the fields of deep-space, deep-sea, and deep-earth science. Finally, this paper puts forward policy suggestions to strengthen the research of cross-cutting-edge and disruptive innovation from two aspects, namely the science and technology management system and disruptive innovation project management mechanism, aiming to provide guidance for decision-making for China to establish itself as a powerful country in materials science.

The Use of Cash Waqf Funds and Its Various Legal Problems in Indonesia

Cash waqf is waqf carried out by a person, group of people, and institutions or legal entities in the form of cash. In the fiqh literature it is stated that the Hanafi school has practiced this waqf in society. In Islamic society in general cash waqf has long been practiced, but the contract still mentions land waqf. For example, the construction of a mosque requires a plot of land with an area of 500 square meters, with a price of 50,000,000; then the land is divided into 500 lots. Thus, obtained the price of 100 per meter. Furthermore, it is marketed to the wider community for land waqf by way of per meter with an affordable value, and the wakif pays according to the number of meters he wants to waqf. Today, by looking at the times, and something that cannot be avoided anymore about the importance of money (in the form of cash) in transactions, the Indonesian ulema. The procedure used to collect data in this study is in the form of documentation, namely the guidelines used in the form of notes or quotes, searching for legal literature, books and others related to the identification of problems in this study both offline and online. Analysis of legal materials is carried out using the content analysis method (centent analysis method) which is carried out by describing the material of legal events or legal products in detail in order to facilitate interpretation in the discussion. According to Law no. 41 of 2004 concerning waqf and Government Regulation no. 42 of 2006 can be summarized several waqf concepts as follows. Waqf is a legal act of wakif to separate and/or surrender part of his property to be used forever or for a certain period of time in accordance with his interests for the purposes of worship and/or general welfare according to sharia. Waqf is carried out by fulfilling the elements of waqf. In the management of waqf, there are still various kinds of problems that lead to civil matters. Regarding civil issues, the relationship between humans and humans in daily practice can often lead to legal relationships, which in that relationship between one another will give rise to rights and obligations that must be fulfilled by the parties so that in legal terms it is known as material civil law. and formal civil law.