Matching Reference Research Articles

Assessment of joint position sense in active and passive modes with various elbow flexion angles and movement speeds using an isokinetic dynamometer

BackgroundJoint position sense is the ability to detect body segment position in space and is commonly used to represent proprioceptive performance. The isokinetic dynamometer is frequently used to evaluate elbow joint position sense during active and passive reproduction tasks with various testing protocols. However, few studies have reported the performance of joint position sense under different testing conditions. ObjectiveTo compare elbow joint position sense between active and passive reproduction tasks under different matching speeds and reference targets. DesignA cross-sectional study. MethodsTwenty participants without a history of upper-extremity surgery or neuromuscular diseases that affect the joint position sense of the elbow. Active and passive ipsilateral matching tasks were performed at four movement speeds (0.5°/s, 1°/s, 2°/s, and 4°/s) and three reference targets (elbow flexion at 0°–15°, 45°–60°, and 75°–90°), using an isokinetic dynamometer. The absolute and variable errors of each condition were calculated for comparison. ResultsIn active matching task with elbow flexion of 0°–15°, the absolute error at 0.5°/s was significantly larger than that at 2°/s and 4°/s, while the variable error at 1°/s was significantly larger than that at 2°/s. However, no differences were found at elbow flexion angles of 45°–60° and 75°–90°. Larger absolute errors were found at 4°/s with three testing angles in passive matching task. ConclusionsThis study compared the joint position sense errors under various testing conditions in the active and passive reproduction tasks. The movement speeds and target position effects should be considered during evaluation.

An integration protocol for aligning intraoral scans to facial scans using the nasal geometry reference in a fully dentate patient.

Advanced digital technologies have rapidly been integrated into prosthodontics to improve the digital workflow for prosthetic rehabilitation. The integration of 3D datasets acquired from various imaging sources such as intraoral scanners and facial optical scanners allows the creation of virtual patients to perform presurgical simulation and prosthetic rehabilitation. The presented technique introduced a straightforward protocol for aligning intraoral scans (Trios 4, 3Shape) to optical face scans (Face Hunter, Zirkonzahn) using a global best-fit algorithm of 3D evaluation software (GOM Inspect). Nasal geometry data were used as the matching reference to produce virtual dental patients. This integration protocol ensured that the intraoral scanner (Trios 4, 3Shape) was used not only to scan dental arches but also used effectively to scan the nose. These scans along with professional facial scans can be successfully aligned to produce virtual dental patients. As only a single fully dentate patient case with an alignment deviation of 243.6 µm was used, further research to evaluate the accuracy of this protocol is needed.

Directional region-based feature point matching algorithm based on SURF.

Feature point matching is one of the fundamental tasks in binocular vision. It directly affects the accuracy and quality of 3D reconstruction. This study proposes a directional region-based feature point matching algorithm based on the SURF algorithm to improve the accuracy of feature point matching. First, same-name points are selected as the matching reference points in the left and right images. Then, the SURF algorithm is used to extract feature points and construct the SURF feature point descriptors. During the matching process, the location relationship between the query feature point and the reference point in the left image is directed to determine the corresponding matching region in the right image. Then, the matching is completed within this region based on Euclidean distance. Finally, the grid-based motion statistics algorithm is used to eliminate mismatches. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm can substantially improve the matching accuracy and the number of valid matched points, particularly in the presence of a large amount of noise and interference. It also exhibits good robustness and stability.

Exploring benthic diatom diversity in the West Antarctic Peninsula: insights from a morphological and molecular approach

Polar regions are among the most extreme habitats on Earth. However, diatom biodiversity in those regions is much more extensive and ecologically diverse than previously thought. The objective of this study was to add knowledge to benthic diatom biodiversity in Western Antarctic coastal zones via identification by means of morphology, DNA metabarcoding and cultured isolates. In addition, a taxonomically validated reference library for Antarctic benthic diatoms was established with comprehensive information on habitat, morphology and DNA barcodes (rbcL and 18SV4). Benthic samples from marine, brackish and freshwater habitats were taken at the Antarctic Peninsula. A total of 162 clonal cultures were established, resulting in the identification of 60 taxa. The combination of total morphological richness of 174 taxa, including the clones, with an additional 73 taxa just assigned by metabarcoding resulted in 247 infrageneric taxa. Of those taxa, 33 were retrieved by all three methods and 111 only by morphology. The barcode reference library of Antarctic species with the new references obtained through culturing allowed the assignment of 47 taxa in the metabarcoding analyses, which would have been left unassigned because no matching reference sequences were available before. Non–metric multidimensional scaling analyses of morphological as well as molecular data showed a clear separation of diatom communities according to water and substratum types. Many species, especially marine taxa, still have no record in reference databases. This highlights the need for a more comprehensive reference library to further improve routine diatom metabarcoding. Overall, a combination of morphological and molecular methods, along with culturing, provides complementary information on the biodiversity of benthic diatoms in the region.

Risk rate of major adverse cardiovascular event and charlson comorbidity index in patients undergoing coronary CTA with symptoms suggesting chronic coronary syndrome compared to a reference population

Abstract Background Approximately 12,000 patients annually undergo a coronary computed tomography angiography (CTA) due to symptoms suggestive of chronic coronary syndrome (CCS) in the Western part of Denmark (3.2 million inhabitants) (1). The purpose of this study was to examine the burden of comorbidity and the risk of a major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE)(2) in a large population of patients investigated using coronary CTA compared to a reference population. Methods Patients undergoing first-time coronary CTA from 2008 to October 2022 with symptoms suggestive of CCS were included from the Western Denmark Heart Registry (WDHR). A positive coronary CTA was defined as having a diameter stenosis of ≥ 50% stenosis(1). A reference population was generated matching the CTA population 1:5 based on birth year, gender and municipality using data from national registries. Results are presented in 4 groups; as patients with a positive coronary CTA and their reference population and patients with a negative coronary CTA and their reference population. Information on MACE was obtained from the national patient registry as a composite of acute myocardial infarct (AMI), stroke, revascularization, cardiovascular mortality and all-cause mortality and calculated as risk rates per 1000 persons one year after the coronary CTA examination. A Charlson comorbidity index (CCI)(3) was also calculated. Results From the WDHR 94,207 patients, (Mean age 58±11, 48% men) with a first-time coronary CTA on indication CCS were included. Among all conducted coronary CTA scans 18,290 (19.4%) were positive (>50% stenosis). In the analyses of CCI 90,074 patients from the WDHR were matched with 450,345 controls. Patients with both a positive and negative coronary CTA examination had significantly higher CCI than their matching reference population (Table 1). In table 2 risk rates of a MACE are presented after one year following the coronary CTA examination; in this analysis 53,610 patients from the WDHR were matched with 268,040 controls. The risk of AMI was higher among both patients with and without suspected stenosis compared to their respective reference population., However, the risk of all-cause mortality was higher in both the reference populations. The risk rate of revascularization after a positive coronary CTA was, as could be expected, much higher compared to all other groups as this was a result of the examination. Conclusion In this large study of patients referred to coronary CTA we found a higher incidence of AMI and revascularization in both patients with and with suspected stenoses compared to a reference population. However, we also found a lower mortality rate in both groups compared to a reference population. This could indicate a more well treated population, but a direct causality cannot be concluded from this study and further research is needed to better understand this association.Charlson comorbidity indexMACE events

The big warp: Registration of disparate retinal imaging modalities and an example overlay of ultrawide-field photos and en-face OCTA images.

To develop an algorithm and scripts to combine disparate multimodal imaging modalities and show its use by overlaying en-face optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) images and Optos ultra-widefield (UWF) retinal images using the Fiji (ImageJ) plugin BigWarp. Optos UWF images and Heidelberg en-face OCTA images were collected from various patients as part of their routine care. En-face OCTA images were generated and ten (10) images at varying retinal depths were exported. The Fiji plugin BigWarp was used to transform the Optos UWF image onto the en-face OCTA image using matching reference points in the retinal vasculature surrounding the macula. The images were then overlayed and stacked to create a series of ten combined Optos UWF and en-face OCTA images of increasing retinal depths. The first algorithm was modified to include two scripts that automatically aligned all the en-face OCTA images. The Optos UWF image could easily be transformed to the en-face OCTA images using BigWarp with common vessel branch point landmarks in the vasculature. The resulting warped Optos image was then successfully superimposed onto the ten Optos UWF images. The scripts more easily allowed for automatic overlay of the images. Optos UWF images can be successfully superimposed onto en-face OCTA images using freely available software that has been applied to ocular use. This synthesis of multimodal imaging may increase their potential diagnostic value. Script A is publicly available at https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.16879591.v1 and Script B is available at https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.17330048.

Tannin-Based Microbicidal Coatings for Hospital Privacy Curtains.

The goal of this study was to develop a sustainable, tannin-based option for silver-based and other current antimicrobial solutions for hospital privacy curtains. Commercial tree-derived tannins were characterized and their in vitro antibacterial properties against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli were determined. Hydrolysable tannins showed greater antibacterial efficacy than condensed tannins but differences in antibacterial efficacy between any of the tannins could not be attributed to their functional group content or molar mass. Outer membrane disruption was not a significant factor in antibacterial efficacy of tannins against E. coli. In a hospital field study, draw patches coated with hydrolysable tannins and affixed to privacy curtains reduced total bacteria count by 60% over eight weeks compared to their matching uncoated reference sides. In a follow-up laboratory study with S. aureus, very light spraying with water improved contact between bacteria and coating, enhancing the antibacterial effect by several orders of magnitude.

Robustness- and Processing-Rate-Improved OFDR Based on Local Search and Kalman Prediction

Distributed optical fiber sensing based on optical frequency domain reflectometers is a promising technology to achieve high-density sensing information in harsh environments. Aiming at the major influence factor on robustness due to degradation of the similarity or correlation degree (SCD) between the reference and measurement spectra, in this letter, high-orders residual sampling error of nonlinearly swept laser source is found to cause random position deviations besides accumulated compensation based on thermal-/elastic-optic effect, and a local search and dynamic prediction method based on Kalman filter is proposed for position matching reference and measurement sensing gauges. Through this method, SCD can be improved when the accumulated compensation is invalid. Experiments indicate that a wide measurement range (highest temperature of ~ 450 °C and largest strain of <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\sim 10~000~\mu \varepsilon$ </tex-math></inline-formula> ) under a spatial resolution of 5 mm, as well as high robustness and high accuracy, can be achieved along a 50-meter-long fiber under test. Besides, the computation amount can be reduced to 1/3.5 ~ 1/17.2. The advantages of this method include high robustness, wide measurement range, high processing rate, and excellent applicability with current OFDR systems.

Objective Bayesian analysis of the ratio of bivariate lognormal means

In this study, we consider the objective Bayesian analysis for the ratio of means in the bivariate lognormal distribution, in which properly assigning priors for the ratio of means is challenging due to the presence of nuisance parameters. As a result, we create probability matching priors and reference priors for the ratio of means. Jeffreys’ prior and the two group reference prior do not satisfy a first-order matching criterion. We also investigate the posterior distribution property for the general prior class, which includes Jeffreys’ prior, the reference prior, and the matching prior. Through a simulation study, we check the frequentist coverage probabilities and compare them with the generalized confidence interval method. It demonstrated that the proposed probability matching priors match very well with the target coverage probabilities even when the sample sizes are small in a frequentist sense. Two real examples are also provided.

Application of objective priors for the multivariate Lomax distribution

For a model incorporating the effect of a common environment on several components of a system, a multivariate Lomax distribution (MLD) is generally considered by mixing exponential variables. Objective Bayesian has very good frequentist properties and provides a moderate solution for the prior elicitation which is one of important and difficult issues on Bayesian analysis. In this paper, we develop noninformative priors, such as the probability matching priors and reference priors, for the parameters of the MLD. We proved that a reference prior for the shape parameter is a first-order probability matching prior, but the reference priors for the scale parameters do not satisfy the first-order matching criterion. In addition, a second-order probability matching prior does not exist for all parameters. We also presented the conditions that make the posterior distributions for the general prior, including the probability matching prior and reference priors, to be proper. In particular, Jeffreys’ prior and probability matching priors for all parameters give proper posteriors, whereas reference priors for scale parameters give improper posteriors.

Best impedance matching seeking of single-frequency capacitively coupled plasmas by numerical simulations

Impedance matching can maximize the absorbed power transferred to the plasma load and minimize the reflected power, making it critical and indispensable for capacitively coupled plasmas (CCPs). The external circuit usually interacts with the plasma nonlinearly, so the global simulation of the external circuit and plasma and the matching design is very challenging. In this work, an a priori model was proposed to match the plasma impedance and the external circuit impedance for single-frequency CCPs. By calculating the plasma impedance and the matching network, the matching parameters were iteratively updated to find the best matching parameters. By adjusting the capacitance and the inductance of the circuit by numerical simulations, the reflection coefficient can be significantly reduced. At the same time, the plasma power absorption efficiency will be significantly improved. The universality of the method was demonstrated by choosing different initial circuit, discharge, and plasma parameters. The proposed method provides an effective matching design reference for CCPs.

A Test of the (hu)MANid Program on a Diverse Sample of Mandibles

The (hu)MANid program is a free, web-based software using mandibular metric and morphoscopic variables to estimate sex and ancestry. The database consists of 1,745 individuals from 15 populations (modern, historic, and prehistoric). The required use of a mandibulometer presents two limitations. It is an expensive piece of equipment not available in all labs, and many users do not have experience using a mandibulometer, so error can be high. To address this, three-dimensional surface scans (3D scans) provide an alternative method for data collection. Here, the authors assess the accuracy of the (hu)MANid program on a diverse sample, compare accuracy from 3D scans and physical measurements, and evaluate whether mandibulometer measurements increase classification rates. Six metric and morphoscopic variables were collected from 3D scans (Ntotal = 555) and from bone (Ntotal = 41). Three additional mandibulometer measurements were collected from bone. Mixture discriminant analysis and non-stepwise options were applied due to reported higher correct classification and no significant difference when using stepwise options. Test samples with matching reference groups from the digital measurements had higher than chance average correct classifications for ancestry and sex/ancestry combined. Pooled sexes had correct classifications higher than chance for all comparisons except females using digital measurements. Physical measurements had a higher correct classification rate than digital measurements despite the small sample size. Including mandibulometer measurements did not significantly increase classification rates for physical measurements. Results indicate that hu(MAN)id is better than chance but suggest additional testing due to a lack of diversity in the physical measurements.

Epigenetics-Associated Risk Reduction of Hematologic Neoplasms in a Nationwide Cohort Study: The Chemopreventive and Therapeutic Efficacy of Hydralazine.

BackgroundAlthough several epigenetic drugs have been reported to have therapeutic efficacy for some hematologic neoplasms (HNs) in clinical trials, few achieved disease-free survival benefit. The traditional drug discovery pathway is costly and time-consuming, and thus, more effective strategies are required. We attempted to facilitate epigenetic drug repositioning for therapy of HNs by screening the Human Epigenetic Drug Database (HEDD) in the web, conducting a bench-work cytotoxicity test and a retrospective nationwide cohort study prior to a clinical trial.MethodsFour FDA-approved epigenetic drugs with antitumor properties and completion of clinical phase II trials were selected from HEDD. Hydralazine (HDZ) and valproate (VAL) among the four were selected with higher cytotoxicity to HN cells, no matter whether carrying the JAK2V617F mutation or not. Both of them were chosen for a cohort study using the Longitudinal Health Insurance Database (LHID) 2000–2015 (N = 1,936,512), a subset of the National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD, N= 25.68 millions) in Taiwan.ResultsIn the initial cohort, HDZ or VAL exposure subjects (11,049) and matching reference subjects (44,196) were enrolled according to maximal daily consumption (300/2,100 mg per day of HDZ/VAL). The HN incidence in HDZ and VAL exposure groups reduced from 4.97% to 3.90% (p <.001) and 4.45% (p = .075), respectively. A further cohort study on HDZ at a lower range of the WHO defined daily dose (<34 mg per day) and HN incidence of HDZ exposure subjects (75,612) reduced from 5.01% to 4.16% (p = 1.725 × 10 -18) compared to the reference subjects (302,448).ConclusionsAn association of a chronically prescribed HDZ, even prescribed low dose, with reduction of overall incidence rate and in most subgroups of HN was observed in our study. Repositioning HDZ for HN management may be feasible. This is the first nationwide cohort study of the epigenetics-associated risk evaluation of overall HN in the existing literature, showing an effective method with a wider scope to inform contemporary clinical trials of epigenetic drugs in the future.

Metals Contents in Honey, Beeswax and Bees and Human Health Risk Assessment Due to Consumption of Honey: A Case Study from Selected Districts in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.

Beeswax, honey, and live in-hive worker bees were collected in this study from eight districts in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. The concentration of seven essential elements (copper, calcium, zinc, iron, nickel, chromium and manganese) and two non-essentials (lead and cadmium) were determined. All of the samples were found to have a random distribution of metal concentrations. The plentiful metals with high concentrations in the gathered samples were discovered to be calcium, iron, and zinc. The health concerns related with metal intake in honey were assessed using the Average Daily Dose (ADD), Hazard Quotients (HQs) and Hazard Index (HI) models. Children were found to have higher estimated health risk values for the components assessed in all samples than adults. All of the computed ADD values were lower than the matching reference (RfD) values. The matching HI values of metals in various honeys were found to be less than one, implying that honey consumption in the studied area has no non carcinogenic risk. Cancer risks (CR) was also calculated for intake of Pb, Cr, Ni and Cd in honey in the selected districts. The CR values for Cr and Cd exceeded 1E-4 in various districts such as Karak, Kohat, Nowshera, Bajur, Dir Upper, and Mohmand Agency, signifying that there was a small danger involved. In the case of Karak, the Ni CR value was greater than the allowed limits. As a result, it is important to keep an eye on the concentration of these metals in honey because anthropogenic input could raise their concentration in the future, posing a health danger.

Heterogeneous weathering of polypropylene in the marine environment

Polypropylene (PP) inkjet cartridges spilled during January 2014 in the northwest Atlantic Ocean from a container ship and subsequently retrieved from beaches around Europe and the Azores along with a matching reference cartridge that had not been exposed to the environment were physically and chemically characterized. Compared with the reference, the cartridges retrieved from the marine environment exhibited considerable cracking-fracturing, discoloration, surface roughness, loss of gloss and staining. Infrared analysis revealed that weathering was highly heterogeneous, with the carbonyl index ranging from <0.1 to >0.9 over areas of sub-mm-dimensions. The high degree of weathering was partly attributed to the presence, quality, and distribution of the titanium dioxide pigment, TiO2. Thus, in the absence of sufficient protection by encapsulation or addition of antioxidants, the ultraviolet light-absorbing pigment promoted the formation of free radicals and photocatalytic oxidation. The results of this study show that consumer plastics containing TiO2 for coloration or tinting purposes, when not designed for exterior use (in the absence of encapsulation or antioxidants), may experience accelerated weathering in the marine environment, and that estimates of plastic persistence should factor in the role of additives that promote photoactivity.

LABRADOR—A Computational Workflow for Virus Detection in High-Throughput Sequencing Data

High-throughput sequencing (HTS) allows detection of known and unknown viruses in samples of broad origin. This makes HTS a perfect technology to determine whether or not the biological products, such as vaccines are free from the adventitious agents, which could support or replace extensive testing using various in vitro and in vivo assays. Due to bioinformatics complexities, there is a need for standardized and reliable methods to manage HTS generated data in this field. Thus, we developed LABRADOR—an analysis pipeline for adventitious virus detection. The pipeline consists of several third-party programs and is divided into two major parts: (i) direct reads classification based on the comparison of characteristic profiles between reads and sequences deposited in the database supported with alignment of to the best matching reference sequence and (ii) de novo assembly of contigs and their classification on nucleotide and amino acid levels. To meet the requirements published in guidelines for biologicals’ safety we generated a custom nucleotide database with viral sequences. We tested our pipeline on publicly available HTS datasets and showed that LABRADOR can reliably detect viruses in mixtures of model viruses, vaccines and clinical samples.

Relationship Between Leaflets and Root in Normal Aortic Valve Based on Computed Tomography Imaging: Implication for Aortic Valve Repair.

Objective: By assessing the normal dimensions and the relationship between the aortic root and leaflets in Chinese population, the objective of this three-dimensional computed tomography (3DCT)-based study was to establish a matching reference for leaflets and aortic root for aortic valve (AV) repair.Method: Electrocardiogram-gated multi-detector CT was performed on 168 Chinese participants with a normal aortic valve. Measurements of the aortic annuli and leaflets were obtained. The correlations between and the ratios of the specific root and leaflet measurements were analyzed. The references for the leaflet and root dimensions were suggested based on geometric height (gH) using a linear regression equation. The utility of the ratios was tested with CT images of 15 patients who underwent aortic valve repair.Result: The mean annulus diameter (AD), sino-tubular junction (STJ) diameter, geometric height (gH), effective height (eH), free margin length (FML), commissural height (ComH), inter-commissural distance (ICD), and coaptation height (CH) were 22.4 ± 1.7 mm, 27.3 ± 2, 0.4 mm, 15.5 ± 1.7 mm, 8.9 ± 1.2 mm, 32.0 ± 3.4 mm, 17.9 ± 1.9 mm, 23.1 ± 2.3 mm, and 3.1 ± 0.6 mm, respectively. The gH/AD, FML/ICD, and eH/ComH ratios were 0.69 ± 0.07, 1.38 ± 0.08, and 0.50 ± 0.07, respectively. The gH correlated with all other leaflet and root measurements (P < 0.01), whereas the FML demonstrated a better correlation with ICD compared with gH (R2 = 0.75, and R2 = 0.37, respectively). The FML/ICD and eH/ComH ratios might be used to assess leaflet-root mismatch and post-repair leaflet billowing.Conclusion: The normal aortic valve measurements based on 3DCT revealed a specific relationship between the root and leaflets; and this will guide the development of an objective method of aortic valve repair.

6G Multisource-Information-Fusion-Based Indoor Positioning via Gaussian Kernel Density Estimation

With the in-depth development of the Internet of Things (IoT) and the constant discussion of 6G visions, the future development of indoor location-based services (LBSs) in the 6G-enabled IoT is attracting people’s attention. In fact, due to the continuous updating of network techniques, the complexity of the indoor environment and the number of connected wireless access points (APs) will increase dramatically, which leads to the diversity of the received signal strength (RSS) on the performance of signal propagation distance estimation, resulting in low positioning accuracy and poor robustness. In response to this problem, this article proposes a multisource information fusion-based indoor positioning approach via Gaussian kernel density estimation. First, the heuristic distribution model is used to establish the mathematical relationship between the RSS from different Wi-Fi APs and the signal propagation distance, and then the Gaussian kernel density estimation approach is applied to estimate the signal propagation distance distribution. Second, the normalized signal propagation distance distribution is set as the basic probability assignment in the Dempster–Shafer (D–S) evidence theory, and then the multisource RSS information is fused according to D–S evidence synthesis rules. Meanwhile, the trust function synthesized by the D–S evidence theory is used to select matching reference points (RPs). Finally, the fuzzy decision algorithm is used to select the ideal matching RPs from the matching RPs for the positioning. Experimental results show that the proposed approach has higher positioning accuracy and stronger positioning robustness compared to existing ones.

Evaluating adaptive stress response gene signatures using transcriptomics

Stress response pathways (SRPs) mitigate the cellular effects of chemicals, but excessive perturbation can lead to adverse outcomes. Here, we investigated a computational approach to evaluate SRP activity from transcriptomic data using gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA). We extracted published gene signatures for DNA damage response (DDR), unfolded protein response (UPR), heat shock response (HSR), response to hypoxia (HPX), metal-associated response (MTL), and oxidative stress response (OSR) from the Molecular Signatures Database (MSigDB). Next, we used a gene-frequency approach to build consensus SRP signatures of varying lengths from 50 to 477 genes. We then prepared a reference dataset from perturbagens associated with SRPs from the literature with their transcriptomic profiles retrieved from public repositories. Lastly, we used receiver-operator characteristic analysis to evaluate the GSEA scores from matching transcriptomic reference profiles to SRP signatures. Our consensus signatures performed better than or as well as published signatures for 4 out of the 6 SRPs, with the best consensus signature area under the curve (% performance relative to median of published signatures) of 1.00 for DDR (109%), 0.86 for UPR (169%), 0.99 for HTS (103%), 1.00 for HPX (104%), 0.74 for MTL (150%) and 0.83 for OSR (148%). The best matches between transcriptomic profiles and SRP signatures correctly classified perturbagens in 78% and 88% of the cases by first and second rank, respectively. We believe this approach can characterize SRP activity for new chemicals using transcriptomics with further evaluation.

Noninformative priors for the ratio of variabilities in a bivariate normal population

In this paper, we consider some objective priors for the ratio of variabilities in a bivariate normal distribution. We develop the first and second order matching priors and reference priors. We obtain that the second order matching prior matches the alternative coverage probabilities up to the same order. It is also an HPD matching priors. It turns out that the derived reference priors do not satisfy a second order matching criterion. The simulation result shows that the second order matching prior performs better than reference priors based on matching the target coverage probabilities in a frequentist sense. Finally, we show that the second order matching prior and reference priors produce confidence sets with an expected length shorter than the Cox and Reid adjustment.