Matching Box Research Articles

He presses into your fingers a box of matches

He presses into your fingers a box of matches Jeffrey Levine (bio) He presses into your fingers a box of matcheson which is printed the name and address of a certain bar.In one direction the street vanishes into total darkness,in the other, a diffused blue-gray light makes visiblea block of low buildings which descend like smaller blockscut into granite and converge in the gloom where the streetcurves away, while thousands of feet above, an attenuated fingerof cloud, no longer visible, points across the line of the curveand reddens, and a cool, salty wind blows along the street.Inside the bar, a gathering of art students plus a crowdof music types and a trio of mystics occupy a spacelarger than the space in which they stand, their faces burninglike molten gold, as if they have heard the First One’s voice,burning like the face of Moses listening for the soundhe’ll not again hear, and mirabile dictu, in the cornerunder the only window and looking like he hasn’t sleptthere’s a Caravaggio impersonator sketching with penciland grey-brown ink and some sort of blue wash on coarsepaper what might or might not become MosesClosing the Waters of the Red Sea Over Pharaoh’s Hosts,thought until now to be anonymous. You find yourselfin that drawing, gawking over what’s happening belowto Pharaoh and his Host in the crushing waters,and even as you think, there but for the grace of God,you cannot remember your own bedroom, notthe clichéd Van Gogh on one wall, nor the Kathe Kollwitzself-portrait over the bureau, nor the voice of the manyour father calling one last time for his shoes. [End Page 153] Jeffrey Levine Jeffrey Levine’s most recent book is At the Kinnegad Home for the Bewildered, Salmon Poetry, 2019. His many poetry prizes include the Larry Levis Prize from the Missouri Review, the James Hearst Poetry Prize from North American Review, the Mississippi Review Poetry Prize, the Ekphrasis Poetry Prize, and the American Literary Review poetry prize. A graduate of the Warren Wilson MFA Program for Writers, Levine is founder, Artistic Director and Publisher of Tupelo Press. Copyright © 2021 Pleiades Press

Perchlorate contamination assessment and hypothyroidism in rat studies using water samples collected around Kovil Patti, Tuticorin District of Tamil Nadu, India

Perchlorate is well recognized as a persistent and pervasive contaminant of water supplies in the manufacture area of explosives, fireworks, match box and rocket fuel industries. Perchlorate is of major concern because of uncertain nature in the toxicological database available to address the potential health effect in animals and humans. Perchlorate is known to disturb the hypothalamus-pituitary-thyroid (HPT) by competitively inhibiting the iodide uptake in the thyroid gland, which potentially leading to hypothyroidism. The present study assessed the contamination level of perchlorate mainly along with the chlorate and nitrate ion present in soil debris, well water and sewage sludge samples from fireworks, safety matches manufacturing industry areas in Kovilpatti, Tuticorin District. Perchlorate ion in bore well water and soil samples were qualitative and quantitatively analysed by using various Physico-chemical analytical techniques. The observed maximum contamination values of perchlorate ion in sewage water collected near to the firework waste dump yard (BWWS-1) and water sample extracted from 100 g of soil collected by firework waste (BWDS-5) were found to be 98.8 and 97.3 mg/L respectively. The BWWS-1 water sample used to examine the hypothyroidism in rat by intravenous injection of 3 ml/day for 5, 10, 15 and 20 days by measuring the T4 hormones level in the blood plasma. A notable decreasing trend was observed. However, for 10 days exposure the plasma T4 concentrations was reduced to nearly half (291 µg/dl) in compared with control (630 µg/dl). These studies provide strong evidence that the hypothyroidism behavior data obtained from rat should critically affect the developmental and behavioral problems of infants and children around the study area.

Experimental measurements of the RF sheath thickness with a cylindrical Langmuir probe

The small layer oscillating in front of a radio frequency (rf) biased electrode in an asymmetric rf plasma discharge without a magnetic field is diagnosed using an rf compensated cylindrical probe. Thanks to this probe (0.15 mm in diameter), the floating potential is measured in this area. Radio frequency plasmas and sheath properties are then derived from the I-V characteristics measured by the probe at different rf power levels in both capacitive and direct couplings. In direct coupling, the plasma biasing is, as expected, nearly equal to the applied rf potential except at high power levels for which the current collected by the electrode saturates and the sheath potential gap is reversed. In capacitive coupling, the self-biasing of the electrode is strongly negative due to the matching box used. From the difference between the plasma potential and the floating potential, we found a sheath thickness of about 3 λDe. Within the rf power scan performed, the sheath thicknesses deduced from the potential and density profiles are 3 times higher than those from the Child–Langmuir law both in direct and capacitive coupling in a low collisional helium plasma.

Traditional beliefs and practices in newborn care among mothers in a tertiary care centre in Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India

Background: Neonatal care practices are different in different communities. Before any intervention planned to reduce mortality and mortality in community, understanding of local belief and practices is necessary. Some of the harmful practices need to be abandoned and good or harmless practices need to be appreciated. This study was conducted to understand the cultural beliefs and practices in newborn care among residents of Uttarakhand.Methods: This was descriptive, cross-sectional study carried out among 300 postnatal mothers admitted to the hospital. The data was collected using self-administered questionnaires. Statistical analyses of the data was done using SSPS version 22.0.Results: 4% of the mothers believed colostrum to be unsuitable for the newborn. 71% mothers were practicing daily baby massage. 71.3% believed that hot and cold foods can harm their baby’s health. 57.3% practiced application of Kajal on baby’s face. 74.7% of mothers would keep Knife under pillow and 16.7% match box under baby’s cloth. 5.3% mother believed in practice of branding. 81% of mothers accept to practice of pouring oil in baby’s ear. 22.3% mothers believed in isolating mother baby together for 30-40 days.Conclusions: Certain practices are still prevalent like Branding, discarding colostrum, Kajal application, pouring oil in baby’s ear and very restricted dietary regime of mothers. These practices need to be stopped by educating mothers and relatives in postnatal wards.

Design of magnetic configurations for the linear plasma device LEAD

A new linear plasma device LEAD (Linear experimental advanced device) has been built in Southwest Institute of Physics (SWIP) in China. One of the most notable features of LEAD is the highly flexible and customizable magnetic field configurations, such as highly-uniform field, convergent field, divergent field and cusp field. In this article, we present the design of the magnetic configurations, taking the topology of the magnets, the three-stage vacuum chamber and the magnetic requirements of plasma sources into account. The interplay between the magnetic shielding box of the matching network and the main magnetic field inside the vacuum chamber is evaluated to ensure both a tolerable influence on main magnetic field and an effective magnetic shielding for the automatic impedance matching box in helicon source.

License Number Plate Recognition using Template Matching and Bounding Box Method

Recognition of vehicle number plates is very important in the field of transportation security systems. Template matching is one of the most popular techniques used for number plate recognition. This algorithm works by evaluating the image pattern that will be recognized and then comparing it with the image pattern in the template. A number plate is an object in an image that has many characters which usually consists of numbers and letters. Character recognition cannot be done simultaneously in an image. A number plate object in the image needs to be done early processing, normalization, and segmentation to recognize the character. While to separate each character, a bounding box algorithm is used. This technique is relatively simple and has fast computing. So this study examines a combination of template matching and bounding box methods to detect Indonesian car license plates. Based on the tests that have been done, the accuracy reaches 80%.

Mapping indigenous climate resilience practices in animal disease management and feed storage protection in Himachal himalayas

The present study focused on validation of indigenous climate resilience practices in animal diseases and feed storage management based on 1,605 farmers’ perceptions in eight districts in north-western Himalaya. The importance of the study in Himalayan regions was asserted by changed climate indicators like increased temperatures and receding rainfall in fragile and sensitive mountain ecosystem. The climate of surveyed districts varied from subhumid and sub-temperate climate having elevation 700–1300 amsl to sub-tropical climate having elevation up to 700 amsl. The use of drek plant (Melia azedarach) for skin diseases of animals; turmeric rhizome and taramira for deworming in young calves; mixture of lassi, gur, azwain and fern plant for bloat (Aphara); banana and jamun leaves for haemorrhagic disease in animals and extract of tobacco leaves for scabies diseases in sheep and goat were followed by 4–90% surveyed farm households in Kangra, Kullu, Una, Hamirpur and Mandi districts. Seed storage is an important factor as about 6% of losses exist due to non-availability of proper facilities in India. Seeds of crops were treated before sowing with a mixture of ash and cow dung by 15–77% farmers in seven districts except temperate regions of Lahaul and Spiti. Food grains were stored in a large spindle shaped basket made of bamboo (Perru) safe from pests and diseases by 10–86% farmers in Kangra, Hamirpur, Chamba and Mandi districts and higher perceptions were observed in majority of farmers in Kangra districts. Practices like use of match box sticks, dry leaves of Bangru (Mentha arvensis), Kali Basuti (Adhatoda sp.), Safeda (Eucalyptus citrodora) in wheat storage pests and use of walnut leaves (Juglans regia), pieces of resin rich wood (Jugnu) and wood ash for food grains storage were followed by 10–79% farmers in Kangra, Una, Hamirpur, Chamba and Mandi district. The study concluded that farmers of mountains possess Indigenous Traditional Knowledge (ITKs) and climate resilient practices for animal disease management and seed protection to mitigate the impact of climate change).

Atomic City

Atomic City Lacey Rowland (bio) Fathers In the high desert, fathers don't stick around. Something about the arid heat, or the brutal winters, drives them away. Pete's dad stuck around, but it wasn't pretty. Calvin never knew his father, he jetted off before his mother had a chance to say, "I'm pregnant." My father stuck around as long as he could. My father was a spent-fuel handler for the Idaho Nuclear Laboratory. My mother worried that the radiation would poison him, that it would melt his insides. Sometimes she would kid, tell him that she was starting to notice a strange glow around him, an aura. My father would laugh, a laugh with an edge. I imagined my father working in a nuclear plant like the one on the Simpsons. It made the worry easier. They found my father slumped over the steering wheel of his truck at a rest stop off the highway. He was coming home, and he must have needed a little shut-eye. The coroner said his heart failed him. I remember in science class dissecting pig hearts. How the heart lay limp on the little metal tray, splayed out with pins to hold it in place. I didn't think it looked like all that much, a lump of muscle. I didn't think about that pig heart again for years until I saw the urn with my father's ashes on my mother's bedside table. Pioneers As kids, Calvin and I collected soda cans. Our garages filled with bulging black garbage sacks of them. Coke Red and Pepsi Blue. Our teeth ached from sugar. We took our collection out to the pasture, stacked them on a ragged fence line or a rusted-out barrel and took turns shooting them with my grandfather's antique pellet gun. We pretended we were pioneers on the range. Sometimes we were on the Oregon Trail. I'd contract cholera or dysentery or small pox. Calvin never got sick, said his mother told him he had a "good constitution." But sometimes he'd pretend to be shot in the chest with arrows, or a victim of stagecoach robbery. Our deaths were always slow and painful, drawn out and melodramatic. When we'd shot our fill, we'd collect the cans and cut them into shapes with tin snips. Hung them by fishing line in a grove of Russian olives by the irrigation canal to mark our territory. The cans told other children in our neighborhood to stay away, that this was our land now. [End Page 156] This Is What It Means To Be Alone It is possible for a man to go his whole life in solitude, surviving a year off thirty pounds of salt, a can of tobacco and a box of matches. Maurizio Montalbini lived alone in a cave for 210 days. I can go days without saying a word, and in a crowd of people I feel like drowning. The Pool Summer before our senior year, Calvin's mom bought one of those doughboy pools from the Walmart in Idaho Falls. Pete and Calvin were fighting again, one of their regular fights, but once we set up the pool walls and filled it with water and the proper chemicals, the blue gem brokered a truce between them, however temporary. Calvin's mom dragged out a tired air mattress, the velvet top rubbed raw, and we took turns blowing it up. Each time someone would see stars, see the light fading in their eyes from lack of oxygen, we'd pass it off. Pete would wipe the nozzle with the hem of his swim trunks after Calvin, as if worried he'd catch whatever it was that made Calvin Calvin. We'd had a series of violent thunderstorms, ones that would rile up the horses and get them running in circles around the pen. That summer, it was dry lightning that caused the first fire. After that, the flames licked up mountainside after mountainside. From the flats we could see a wall of smoke that lingered around the foothills. "It's all about the pool," Pete said, with a wink...

Словесный конструктивизм С. Третьякова: «Железная пауза». Часть 1

The article deals with the first poetry book by S. Tretyakov “Iron Pause” (“Zheleznaya pauza”) published in Vladivostok in 1919 but prepared for publication earlier in Moscow – in 1915–1917. “Iron Pause” (“Zheleznaya pauza”) belongs to rare and little investigated books for which the approach used in the article with respect to poetics is topical. The author analyzed the key texts of the first and second parts of the books: “The Match Box” (“Spichechnaya korobka”), “You in Darkness Read, Like a Cat” (“Vy v temnote chitaete, kak koshka”), “Carpet” (“Kover”), “Allegro Trills” (“Treli allegro”), “Impudent People” (“Nakhaly”). All these poems are interconnected not only by common motifs, but also by verbal construction; they are characterized by intensive word dynamics and geometry, numerous metonymic substitutions, high-level sematic concentration and complicated rhythmic and phonetic patterns. Special attention in the article is paid to the undertones of the enigmatic poem “Impudent People” (“Nakhaly”) depicting some scenes of aggression, violence, “brutality” under the semblance of a festive event with fireworks. The poem’s underlying idea displays traces of works by V. Khlebnikov (“The Star Alphabet”), by V. Mayakovsly (“The War and the World” poem) and by poets belonging to the Vladivostok creative group “Tvorchestvo”. Lyrical plots of the poems assembled in the book “Iron Pause” (“Zheleznaya pauza”) are not original; they are traditional for avant-garde poetry and in a broader sense – for modernist poetry. However, Tretyakov vitalizes traditional lexical repertory of modernist poetry giving it occasional meaning and using all lexical units to achieve complex phonics and rhythmic structure. Except that the article offers the implications review of the key poems of “Iron Pause” (“Zheleznaya pauza”), “Impudent People” (“Nakhaly”), just like the entire book “Iron Pause” (“Zheleznaya pauza”), is read by the article author in presence of the Far-Eastern publicism and criticisim from newspapers and magazines published at the turn of 1920s by various Far-Eastern political and literary entities. The article bibliography includes rare 1918–1922 editions of the Far East: newspapers “Echo” («Ekho»), “Vladivo-Nippo”, “Far Eastern Review” (“Dalnevostochnoe obozrenie”), “Manchurian Life” (“Manzhurskaya zhisn’”), journals “Creation” (“Tvorchestvo”), “Biruch”, “Lel’”, “Yun’”, “Week” (“Nedelya”), etc.

Impedance-Matching Network Box of the RF Power Amplifier for the RFT-30 Cyclotron

RFT-30 is a 30-MeV prototype cyclotron for radioactive isotope (RI) production, neutron generation, and fundamental research. Charged particles are accelerated by using a radio-frequency (RF) cavity and a high-power RF signal transmitted by an RF amplifier. This paper describes the impedance-matching network box of an RF power amplifier for an RFT-30 cyclotron. The impedance-matching process is an essential procedure for maximizing the RF amplifier’s performance with respect to efficiency and stability. In a dummy load test, the impedance value remains almost constant. However, in terms of beam loading, the impedance varies because of the vacuum and water/air cooling. These effects make the resonance conditions different; thus, the RF amplifier’s operation becomes unstable. In this work, an impedance-matching network box with a stub-line inductor, which is applied to the cathode of the power amplifier (PA) tube, is proposed. A calculation for the impedance-matching network box was performed and then simulated through optimization processes. In addition, the stub-line inductor measurement and the RF performance when using this matching network box are described.

Automated Match Box Base Folding

Automated Match Box Base Folding

Traffic surveillance camera calibration by 3D model bounding box alignment for accurate vehicle speed measurement

In this paper, we focus on fully automatic traffic surveillance camera calibration, which we use for speed measurement of passing vehicles. We improve over a recent state-of-the-art camera calibration method for traffic surveillance based on two detected vanishing points. More importantly, we propose a novel automatic scene scale inference method. The method is based on matching bounding boxes of rendered 3D models of vehicles with detected bounding boxes in the image. The proposed method can be used from arbitrary viewpoints, since it has no constraints on camera placement. We evaluate our method on the recent comprehensive dataset for speed measurement BrnoCompSpeed. Experiments show that our automatic camera calibration method by detection of two vanishing points reduces error by 50% (mean distance ratio error reduced from 0.18 to 0.09) compared to the previous state-of-the-art method. We also show that our scene scale inference method is more precise, outperforming both state-of-the-art automatic calibration method for speed measurement (error reduction by 86 % – 7.98 km/h to 1.10 km/h) and manual calibration (error reduction by 19 % – 1.35 km/h to 1.10 km/h). We also present qualitative results of the proposed automatic camera calibration method on video sequences obtained from real surveillance cameras in various places, and under different lighting conditions (night, dawn, day).

"Notes for a Preface": Traduction inédite de John Taylor

"Notes for a Preface"Traduction inédite de John Taylor1 John Taylor Some maniacs cannot keep themselves from jotting down, as if instinctively, the barely intelligible results of their thinking in the margins of the book whose pages they have just opened by fervently cutting the pages. They make a hybrid book out of the work read. Sometimes their remarks are more interesting than the text that provoked them. Being myself an inveterate jotter, in what margin can I take notes unless it is that of the vast open book of life? And what is this life if it is not the Other's text, which we madly beseech? I have no desire "to write a book." I'll have the time to do so when I'm dead and, so it seems, fully busy as a devouring reader. When I'm absolutely eager and curious not to skip a line. I feel neither the need nor the courage to stop a machine at others' expense. A liking for business is totally foreign to me. The upkeep of this reading factory without a boss is thus more difficult, more unrewarding. It runs the risk of falling apart without my noticing. A fire might start in the south while I'm strolling on the beaches in the north. It even runs the risk of burning up completely, without any of its pieces ever being usable again. But this is what I wish. The terms of my pleasure. To die with it. As definitively useless. ________ Whatever is at hand works fine to keep me from losing anything from my incessant reading—scraps of (often toilet) paper, metro tickets, match boxes, pages of books. I'm covered with them. Most of these notes, I know, are left unfinished. And do not wish, are not willing, to put in an unclothed appearance. "Naked, so be it, if I am beautiful. But may my nylons and my [End Page 123] slip be removed. May my hair be done up." A pure matter of form. For form's sake. At bottom, they couldn't care less, and I'm not far from thinking the same. This is perhaps the ransom of my weariness. My punishment. For I wonder what could have worn me out so much. I'm fully ready to consider myself responsible. A prosecuting lawyer. I dislike my weariness. And I can see what I want to arrive at by getting rid of the witnesses to my affliction. If my memories are accurate when the time comes, it's surely an attempt at removing myself from what prevents me from breathing. ________ Indeed, I notice that love is often the subject matter of these notes. This doesn't surprise me. What surprises me is that love is not always the issue. When I listen to myself live, love seems to be my only topic, my only embarrassment, my only terror. And perhaps my only vexation. ________ Love is not the only thing. When I reread myself, I spot pride. It's easy to criticize oneself. Pathetically easy. This is why it's better to leave this pleasure to others. Moreover, it isn't a "critique" I'm making, but rather a report. In fact, it's intriguing to see how far one can go when judging oneself, and the extent to which it's useless. One only ever writes what one is able to write. That's a kind of justice. Hence the pride. A pride that I don't disavow, but that I too often find a little flabby, a little immature, a pride that tends to flush into purple but has trouble separating itself from its offspring. A pride which, out of fear of being recognized, skids across ice of dubious hardness and both wishes and dreads that it will cave in. The pride of a candidate for killing himself, not for living. For death. Love, solitude, suffering, the body, etc., do not form a very original, delectable bouquet. It's to get out of this mire, out of this vase, to exasperate this tilting stem, that I probably write and continue to live. A nagging pride, which resembles a...

Monopole patch antenna for in vivo exposure to nanosecond pulsed electric fields.

To explore the promising therapeutic applications of short nanosecond electric pulses, in vitro and in vivo experiments are highly required. In this paper, an exposure system based on monopole patch antenna is reported to perform in vivo experiments on newborn mice with both monopolar and bipolar nanosecond signals. Analytical design and numerical simulations of the antenna in air were carried out as well as experimental characterizations in term of scattering parameter (S 11) and spatial electric field distribution. Numerical dosimetry of the setup with four newborn mice properly placed in proximity of the antenna patch was carried out, exploiting a matching technique to decrease the reflections due to dielectric discontinuities (i.e., from air to mouse tissues). Such technique consists in the use of a matching dielectric box with dielectric permittivity similar to those of the mice. The average computed electric field inside single mice was homogeneous (better than 68%) with an efficiency higher than 20Vm-1V-1 for the four exposed mice. These results demonstrate the possibility of a multiple (four) exposure of small animals to short nanosecond pulses (both monopolar and bipolar) in a controlled and efficient way.

Juvenile macaques lose vocal communication as they age

Ceaselessly chattering, humans are a garrulous species that have developed thousands of languages for communication over the course of evolution. Yet, it can be hard to appreciate just how far human verbal communication has come as we converse continually. ‘Basically, speech is the ability to produce arbitrary acoustic signals to communicate’, says Steffen Hage from the University of Tübingen, Germany, adding that some of our more distant relatives may have had some of the essential aptitudes that eventually allowed our ancient ancestors to evolve the rudiments of speech. Explaining that humans diverged from our macaque monkey ancestors about 25 million years ago, Hage was curious to find out whether modern macaques might have the ability to respond vocally to an abstract event that they would not experience in everyday life. ‘If these precursors of speech also exist in rhesus macaques, it would imply that they already existed in the last common ancestor’, says Hage, who teamed up with Andreas Nieder and Natalja Gavrilov to test the monkeys’ abilities.Working with two male rhesus macaques, Caruso and Torkel, Hage and Gavrilov trained the animals to initiate an experiment by gripping a bar to make a white square appear on a computer screen and then to utter a call when the square changed colour. ‘This took us quite a while’, says Hage, remembering months of training before the animals mastered the task. And once the animals had grasped the concept at 4.9 years of age, Hage and Gavrilov periodically retested the animals’ ability to make a call in response to changes on the computer screen over several years.At first, all went well. The two monkeys enthusiastically initiated hundreds of experimental runs in return for a juice reward and produced a call showing that they were capable of communicating vocally in response to an event. However, as the years progressed and the monkeys aged, something seemed to go wrong. ‘The performance decreased’, says Hage, explaining that the animals continued initiating the test, but they began taking longer to respond when the square changed appearance and made fewer and fewer calls over time. Eventually, by the age of 8, neither monkey made a vocal sound as the square changed colour. ‘This is something that we wouldn't have expected’, says Hage, adding, ‘Most animals that are trained in other tasks get better and better over the years’.Perplexed, the team trained the monkeys to perform another – more complex – operation, where they had to grasp a bar and release it after they had been shown two matching boxes. Both animals picked up the new activity and performed it with relish: they had not lost the ability to learn. Hage and Gavrilov also monitored the animals’ interactions with other members of the troop, and Caruso and Torkel continued calling and communicating with them.Having ruled out the possibility that the animals had lost the ability to learn or to communicate vocally, Hage and Nieder realised that the monkeys began to lose the ability to respond vocally to the changing square as they matured into adults. ‘We said, “OK, this is probably when something is changing in the connections in the brain”’, says Hage. He suspects that juvenile macaques have some of the prerequisite aptitudes that are necessary for the development of speech, but that these are lost as they develop into adults – which also ties in with the theory that an extended period of juvenile development was, and still is, crucial for the evolution of human speech.

Discontinuity of mode transition and hysteresis in hydrogen inductively coupled plasma via a fluid model**Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 11175034, 11205025, 11305023, and 11075029).

A new type of two-dimensional self-consistent fluid model that couples an equivalent circuit module is used to investigate the mode transition characteristics and hysteresis in hydrogen inductively coupled plasmas at different pressures, by varying the series capacitance of the matching box. The variations of the electron density, temperature, and the circuit electrical properties are presented. As cycling the matching capacitance, at high pressure both the discontinuity and hysteresis appear for the plasma parameters and the transferred impedances of both the inductive and capacitive discharge components, while at low pressure only the discontinuity is seen. The simulations predict that the sheath plays a determinative role on the presence of discontinuity and hysteresis at high pressure, by influencing the inductive coupling efficiency of applied power. Moreover, the values of the plasma transferred impedances at different pressures are compared, and the larger plasma inductance at low pressure due to less collision frequency, as analyzed, is the reason why the hysteresis is not seen at low pressure, even with a wider sheath. Besides, the behaviors of the coil voltage and current parameters during the mode transitions are investigated. They both increase (decrease) at the E to H (H to E) mode transition, indicating an improved (worsened) inductive power coupling efficiency.

Development and preliminary results of radio frequency ion source.

A radio frequency (RF) ion source was designed and developed for neutral beam injector. A RF driver test bed was used with a RF generator with maximum power of 25 kW with 1 MHz frequency and a matching box. In order to study the characteristic of RF plasma generation, the capacitance in the matching box was adjusted with different cases. The results show that lower capacitance will better the stability of the plasma with higher RF power. In the future, new RF coils and matching box will be developed for plasma generators with higher RF power of 50 kW.

Evaluation of CMIP5 present climate simulations using the Köppen-Trewartha climate classification

We used the Koppen-Trewartha classification on the CMIP5 family of global climate model (GCM) simulations and global Climatic Research Unit (CRU) data for comparison. This evaluation provides preliminary insight on GCM performance and errors. For the overall model intercomparison and evaluation, we used 2 simple statistical characteristics: normalized error, which assesses the total relative difference of the area classified by the individual model with respect to the area resulting from CRU data, and overlap, calculating relative area of matching grid boxes in model results and CRU data. With the additional analysis of the classification on world maps, we show that there are some common features in the model results. Many models have problems capturing the rainforest climate type Ar, mainly in Amazonia. The desert climate type BW is underestimated by as many as half of the models, with Australia being a typical exam- ple of a region where the BW is not well represented. The boreal climate type E is overestimated by many models, mostly spreading over to the areas of observed tundra type Ft. All applied met- rics indicate that with the current generation of GCMs, there is no clear tendency for models to improve the representation of climate types with higher spatial resolution.

Development of a high-speed impedance measurement system for dual-frequency capacitive-coupled pulsed-plasma.

A high-speed impedance measurement system was developed, which enables the measurement of various characteristics of CW and pulsed plasmas with time resolution of less than a microsecond. For this system, a voltage and current sensor is implemented in a printed circuit board to sense the radio frequency signals. A digital board, which has a high-speed analog to digital converter and a field-programmable gate-array, is used to calculate the impedance of the signal. The final output of impedance is measured and stored with a maximum speed of 3 Msps. This sensor system was tested in a pulsed-plasma by applying it to the point between the matching box and the plasma chamber. The experimental equipment was constructed connecting the matching box, a 13.56 MHz generator, a 2 MHz generator that produced pulsed power, and a pulse-signal generator. From the temporal behavior of the measured impedance, we were able to determine the time intervals of transient states, especially of the initial active state. This information can be used to set the pulse frequency and duty for plasma processing.

SIFAT DASAR DAN POTENSI KEGUNAAN KAYU JABON MERAH

This research was carried out to examine basic properties (anatomical structure, chemical, physical and mechanical) of jabon merah wood (Anthocephalus macrophyllus (Roxb.) Havil) taken from natural forest in Luwu Timur District South Sulawesi Province. Potential uses of wood were determined by considering those properties and wood uses which the local inhabitants have currently employed. Results revealed that jabon merah heartwood is yellowish rather tend to red in colour and not clearly distinct from the sapwood, texture is rather fine and even, grain is straight and sometimes rather interlocked, wood surface is rather glossy, rather smooth to smooth in touch, and moderate in hardness. Fiber is remarkably long with very thin wall thickness. High in cellulose and extractive, moderate in lignin and low in pentose content. Moderate in specific gravity (0.48), very low in shrinkage and classified in wood strength class III. Potential uses are for light construction material under roof, cheap furniture, handicraft, measuring and drawing instruments, pencil, box and stick of matches, toothpick, spoon and handles of ice cream, moulding, wood composites, pulp and paper, pallet, packing box and concrete forms. Keywords: Anatomical, chemical, mechanical, uses of wood, jabon merah