Matching Demand Research Articles

Effect of Spatial Characteristics of Farmland Plots on Transfer Patterns in China: A Supply and Demand Perspective

(1) Background: The tense relationship between man and land makes transferring farmland rights in the market critical for improving agricultural production efficiency and promoting large-scale agricultural management. (2) Methods: This study considers the impact of the spatial characteristics of farmland plots on the economies of scale of farmers in terms of farmland use and heterogeneity. The effect of plots’ area and location on the directional flow of plots in the farmland transfer market from the perspective of matching supply and demand is also investigated. An empirical test is conducted on farmer actions and plot characteristics data based on surveys from 2015 and 2018 in the Chinese provinces of Heilongjiang, Henan, Zhejiang, and Sichuan. (3) Results: The plots’ area and location affect economies of scale for different potential transfer plots. This leads to large plots and adjacent plots in the market transferring to large-scale households, while scattered small plots mainly transfer to ordinary households. (4) Conclusions: The fixed spatial characteristics of the plots determine the scattered circulation of farmland in the transfer market, hindering the centralized utilization of farmland and restricting efficiency in farmland transfer market allocation. The findings from the context of China are similar to what has been found elsewhere. This suggests the need for a unified trading platform for farmland transfer and strengthening the mutual transformation of land and agricultural machinery.

RETRACTED ARTICLE: Supply–demand matching and coupling coordination characteristics of urban park green space from a health perspective

We, the Editor-in-Chief and Publisher of Intelligent Buildings International (the ‘Journal’), have retracted the following articles that were published in the Special Issue titled ‘ AI and IoT Applications for Energy Conservation for Smart and Sustainable Buildings ’, guest edited by Zhenling Liu: Fanwei Meng & Huaiyuan Yu (2023) Low carbon design strategies for landscape architecture based on renewable energy technologies, Intelligent Buildings International, DOI: 10.1080/17508975.2023.2179010 Yujuan Jin & Jiaqi Wang (2023) Integrated application strategy of large-scale intelligent building based on renewable energy technology, Intelligent Buildings International, DOI: 10.1080/17508975.2023.2167801 Hui Tang, Jie Yan & Chaohui Zheng (2023) Supply–demand matching and coupling coordination characteristics of urban park green space from a health perspective, Intelligent Buildings International, DOI: 10.1080/17508975.2023.2166895 Yangyang Wei & Shan Li (2023) Research on indoor light environment optimization of nursing home community based on artificial neural network, Intelligent Buildings International, DOI: 10.1080/17508975.2023.2176812 Zhihui Xi & Xiaotong Jin (2023) Study on ecological aesthetic wisdom in Hunan ancestral hall architecture based on BIM technology, Intelligent Buildings International, DOI: 10.1080/17508975.2023.2182754 Hong Chai & Yibo Zhang (2023) Research on application of BBMOPSO algorithm in building energy efficiency design, Intelligent Buildings International, DOI: 10.1080/17508975.2023.2185192 Liang Guo, Wenqiang Li, Li Wang, Zhen Jing & Jun Ma (2023) An error estimation method for harmonic control of smart grid based on BP neural network, Intelligent Buildings International, DOI: 10.1080/17508975.2023.2199141 Cong Du, Jiaxin Zhang, Haoyang Bai, Lijian Ren & Yi Wen (2023) Seismic detection and analysis method of concrete structures in building construction based on BIM technology, Intelligent Buildings International, DOI: 10.1080/17508975.2023.2206988 Jialing Li, Haihong Li & Jiayi Huang (2023) Research on the renewal and renovation of Rabbit Mountain Site Park oriented by the construction of green blocks, Intelligent Buildings International, DOI: 10.1080/17508975.2023.2223895 Ting Hu & Wei Wang (2023) 3D image reconstruction of architectural model based on 3D printing technology, Intelligent Buildings International, DOI: 10.1080/17508975.2023.2228780 Rui Deng (2023) Research on the application of RAGA-PP projection model in sustainable architecture: evaluation and optimization, Intelligent Buildings International, DOI: 10.1080/17508975.2023.2256709 Chengquan Gao & Yufeng Zhao (2023) Genetic algorithm-based land use optimization for smart city planning, Intelligent Buildings International, DOI: 10.1080/17508975.2023.2256726 Jia Ling Li, Jia Yi Huang & Ru De Liu (2023) Research on the optimization of the spatial structure of the rural complex based on spatial syntax–the example of Fushan village in Pingjiang County, Intelligent Buildings International, DOI: 10.1080/17508975.2023.2288350 Following publication, the Publisher identified concerns regarding the editorial handling of the Special Issue and the peer review process. An investigation by the Taylor & Francis Publishing Ethics & Integrity team in full cooperation with the Editor-in-Chief concluded that the articles included in this Special Issue were not peer-reviewed appropriately, in line with the Journal’s peer review standards and policy. As the stringency of the peer review process is core to the integrity of the publication process, the Editor-in-Chief and Publisher have decided to retract all of the articles within the above-named Special Issue. The Editor-in-Chief and the Publisher have not confirmed if the authors were aware of this compromised peer review process. The Journal is committed to correcting the scientific record and will fully cooperate with any institutional investigations into this matter. The authors have been informed of this decision. We have been informed in our decision-making by our editorial policies and the COPE guidelines. The retracted articles will remain online to maintain the scholarly record, but they will be digitally watermarked on each page as ‘Retracted’.

Urban-sub-urban-rural variation in the supply and demand of emergency medical services.

Emergency medical services (EMSs) are a critical component of health systems, often serving as the first point of contact for patients. Understanding EMS supply and demand is necessary to meet growing demand and improve service quality. Nevertheless, it remains unclear whether the EMS supply matches the demand after the 2016 healthcare reform in China. Our objective was to comprehensively investigate EMS supply-demand matching, particularly among urban vs. sub-urban vs. rural areas. Data were extracted from the Tianjin Medical Priority Dispatch System (2017-2021). From supply and demand perspectives, EMS resources and patient characteristics were analyzed. First, we performed a descriptive analysis of characteristics, used Moran's I to explore the spatial layout, and used the Gini coefficient to evaluate the equity of EMS supply and demand. Second, we analyzed urban-sub-urban-rural variation in the characteristics of EMS supply and demand by using the chi-square test. Finally, we examined the association between the EMS health resource density index and the number of patients by using the Spearman correlation and divided supply-demand matching types into four types. In 2021, the numbers of medical emergency stations and ambulances were 1.602 and 3.270 per 100,000 population in Tianjin, respectively. There were gradients in the health resource density index of the number of emergency stations (0.260 vs. 0.059 vs. 0.036; P = 0.000) in urban, sub-urban, and rural areas. There was no spatial autocorrelation among medical emergency stations, of which the G values by population, geographical distribution, and the health resource density index were 0.132, 0.649, and 0.473, respectively. EMS demand was the highest in urban areas, followed by sub-urban and rural areas (24.671 vs. 15.081 vs. 3.210 per 1,000 population and per year; P = 0.000). The EMS supply met the demand in most districts (r = 0.701, P = 0.003). The high supply-high demand types with stationary demand trends were distributed in urban areas; the low supply-high demand types with significant demand growth trends were distributed in sub-urban areas; and the low supply-low demand types with the highest speed of demand growth were distributed in rural areas. EMS supply quantity and quality were promoted, and the supply met the demand after the 2016 healthcare reform in Tianjin. There was urban-sub-urban-rural variation in EMS supply and demand patterns.

Performance modeling and analysis of a PVT-HP system with the roll-bond plate as the evaporator during winter conditions

In recent years, PVT (Photovoltaic thermal) has attracted extensive attention in social production and daily lives. As a new technology with low-carbon output, environmental protection and energy saving features, the development of PVT will have great application prospects. Buildings need heating in winter, air-conditioning in summer, and, electricity and domestic hot water supply throughout the year. In the face of the diversified energy supply needs of buildings, the existing photothermal and photovoltaic technologies (irrespective of the photoelectric or photothermal conversion efficiency of modules, or the form of single-function module structures and solar energy utilization systems) are unable to meet the requirements of various energy uses of buildings. There are issues too, such as the large footprint of modules. To this end, this paper starts from the perspective of further improving the comprehensive utilization efficiency of solar energy and meeting the requirements of various energy uses in buildings. The authors adopted a combination of experiment and simulation to evaluate the performance of the PVT-HP (Heat pump) system in this study. The PVT-HP system is set up in Dalian and only runs for a short period of time to get necessary operation data. The simulation model uses a self-built PVT module and verifies its accuracy of the model through its operation date. With the proven PVT-HP model, the authors carried out a dynamic simulation and an economic analysis of the operation of the PVT-HP in winter. The operation performance, supply and demand matching, cost and economic payback period of the PVT-HP system were calculated, and the adaptability analysis for different regions are given. Finally, the nominal power of the PVT-HP system was found to be about 2.4 kW per group, the coefficient of performance (COP) in winter was about 4.32, the total winter heating capacity of the system in Dalian reached 6016 MJ, and the power production reached 168 kWh (which can offset 43 % of the total winter power consumption). The system heating performance was good for all regions, and its payback period in Dalian was found to be 6.53 years; the regional adaptability and economy were found to be ideal.

Running demands in club, regional, national, and international provincial New Zealand rugby union competitions.

The demands of national and international professional rugby union matches are well established, however, there has not been a comparative study investigating running demands in New Zealand teams playing in club (amateur), Heartland Championship (semi-professional Div 2), the Mitre 10 Cup (semi-professional Div 1) or Super Rugby (professional) competitions. This information could enable specific training and rehabilitation that programmes to be developed to meet the needs of players in the different competitions. Players wore 10 Hz GPS units during games for one rugby season to determine absolute (m) and relative (m.min-1) measures for total distance, running volume (∼≥7 km·h-1) and high intensity running (∼≥16 km·h-1). There were typically minimal differences (1-2 m.min-1) in running distance measures between amateur level front row forwards and inside backs compared to players in these positions at higher levels of competition. Therefore, amateur players in these positions may find the transition to higher competitions less challenging with respect to running load. In contrast, amateur outside backs and back row forwards may find the increased pace of higher levels of competition more challenging due to typically covering significantly less running and high intensity running distances in amateur games. Differences for half backs were more variable between the levels of competition. Based on our results, it cannot be assumed that amateur rugby has lower running demands than higher competitions or that there is a continuum of increased running demands with increasing competition levels, as some playing positions in the semi-professional (Div 2) (second lowest level of competition) team recorded the largest values for total distance, running and high intensity running. Therefore, the specificity of running demands in a position and competition need to be considered individually for each player when transitioning between competitions. The practice and perception of returning a professional player to amateur club rugby due to the belief that running loads being lower may also be flawed, as we found considerable positional variation in running demands within-and-between competitions.

Peer-to-peer energy trading and smart contracting platform of community-based virtual power plant

Traditional centralized transactions require a control center for user demand matching, settlement and other processes. However, with the increase in the penetration rate of distributed energy in the community, the explosive increase in the number of transactions leads to a decrease in efficiency and it is difficult to guarantee user privacy and information security. The smart contract technology based on blockchain technology has the characteristics of decentralization, traceability and tamper resistance, and these key factors show unique advantages in distributed energy transactions. This paper explores Ethereum and smart contract technology, designs a peer-to-peer energy sharing mechanism with reward and punishment incentives and establishes a smart contract trading platform for smart community-based virtual power plant (CVPP). This paper verifies the functionality and effectiveness of smart contract. The results show that when the supply and demand ratio changes, the user can conduct energy transactions according to the contract without a third-party organization, which solves the problem of trust between the two parties and achieves the expected effect and runs successfully. In addition, the simulation results show that the peer-to-peer transaction based on smart contracts reduces the energy cost per household and increases the total benefit of CVPP.

The Impact of Diversity, Inclusion and Equity Product Offering and Forecast Bias on Supply Chain Decisions

U.S. demographic change brings new product offerings, production planning, and distribution challenges. While many companies embrace diversity, inclusion, and ethnicity product offering, their practice often renders mixed results, potentially negatively impacting their profitability. We offer an interdisciplinary marketing and supply chain perspective in addressing demand distribution change and its impact on inventory and distribution decisions. In addition, we demonstrate the importance of developing culturally adapted inventory and customer analytics models for manufacturing and supply chain distribution. We examine demand forecast bias in the apparel industry through the product demand distribution analysis at the product size level. We propose supply chain solutions to alleviate the situation by product size re-positioning, distribution channel choice, multistage execution plan, lead time and safety stock, and planning and revenue management approach. We also recognize the potential of addressing the problem by better understanding the consumer behavior change process and allowing a more extended period of marketing campaigns. In the apparel industry, the planning and supply chain decisions assume product demand follows a normal distribution. However, our research found that the demand distribution is highly skewed with significant kurtosis. Therefore, during the planning stage, inventory policy must be adjusted to count for the bias in the demand distribution. Moreover, managers can orchestrate other supply chain and marketing solutions such as centralized operation, leading time and safety stock trade-offs, and more extended marketing campaigns to match supply and demand better. Our work offers some analytical and practical approaches to increase a better supply and demand match.

Testing distance characteristics and reference values for ice-hockey straight sprint speed and acceleration. A systematic review and meta-analyses.

Ice-hockey requires high acceleration and speed sprint abilities, but it is unclear what the distance characteristic is for measuring these capabilities. Therefore, this systematic meta-analysis aims to summarize the sprint reference values for different sprint distances and suggest the appropriate use of ice-hockey straight sprint testing protocols. A total of 60 studies with a pooled sample of 2254 males and 398 females aged 11-37 years were included. However, the pooled data for women was not large enough to permit statistical analysis. The sprint distance used for measuring the reported acceleration and speed was between 4-48 m. Increased test distance was positively associated with increased speed (r = 0.70) and negatively with average acceleration (r = -0.87). Forward skating sprint speed increases with the measured distance up to 26 m and do not differ much from longer distance tests, while acceleration decreases with a drop below 3 m/s at distances 15 m and longer. The highest acceleration (5.89 m/s2 peak, 3.31 m/s2 average) was achieved in the shortest distances up to 7 m which significantly differs from 8-14 m tests. The highest speed (8.1 m/s peak, 6.76 m/s average) has been recorded between 26-39 m; therefore, distances over 39 m are not necessary to achieve maximum speed. Considering match demands and most reported test distances, 6.1 m is the recommended distance for peak acceleration and 30 m for peak speed. The sprint time, acceleration, and speed of each individual and the number of skating strides should be reported in future studies.

The associations between training and match demands of male professional football players over a season

This study had two objectives: (i) to analyze the between-position differences in training:match load ratios and (ii) to test the relationships between the weekly training and match demands of male professional football players over a season. A cohort study lasting 43 weeks was performed. Nineteen professional football players (age: 27.5 ± 4.6 years old) used a 15-Hz global positioning system (GPS) unit integrating a 100-Hz tri-axial accelerometer. Total distance (TD), metabolic power average (MPA), new body load (NBL), accelerations (ACC), and decelerations (DEC) were considered. The training:match ratio was obtained for all the external load measures. Significant between-position differences were found only for DEC. Moderate correlations between the weekly training and match demands were found for NBL (r = 0.343 (0.19; 0.48); p < 0.008) and DEC (r = 0.472 (0.327; 0.595); p < 0.001). Moderate correlations between the mean training intensity and match demands of the same week were found for NBL (r = 0.454 (0.313; 0.575); p < 0.001) and DEC (r = 0.451 (0.304; 0.577); p < 0.001). This study did not show significant position differences for the overall training:match ratios. Significant position differences were revealed for left-back players compared to all other positions. Fullbacks performed four times more DEC during training sessions than during matches. It was revealed small to moderate associations between both the volume and intensity of the overall external load measures and their respective match running demands. However, such correlations are too weak to suggest a cause-and-effect relationship.

Position specific physical demands in different phases of competitive matches in national level women's football.

The purpose of the present study was twofold: to investigate position-specific physical match demands of national level women's football; and to examine if demands change during a match (comparison between first and second half and in 15-minute intervals). Seven teams from the Finnish National League participated in the study. Eighty-five players met the inclusion criteria, and a total of 340 individual match observations from 68 individual matches were included for analysis. The Polar Team Pro -player tracking system (with 10 Hz GPS units, including 200 Hz tri-axial accelerometer, gyroscope, magnetometer and HR monitor) was used to assess positional data and HR response of the players. This study demonstrated that women's national level football matches place a range of physical demands on players, which in general were highest for wide midfielders, and lowest for central defenders. Wide midfielders and forwards performed significantly more 'very high-speed' running, sprinting, accelerations, and decelerations than other outfield positions (p < 0.05). HRmean varied from 84-87% of HRmax and was significantly lower for central defenders than central midfielders (p < 0.001). External load variables varied during a match and generally decreased especially after 60 minutes of play compared to first 15-min period of the match. Present study showed that national level women football players' positional differences in match demands are similar to those reported with elite players in previous studies. On national level, players' physical performance tended to decrease towards the end of the match, especially in terms of total distance (~10%), high-speed running (~20%), and decelerations (~20%).

Technical and locomotor demands in elite soccer: manipulating area per player during small-sided games to replicate official match demands.

The present study aimed to investigate the area per player (ApP) to replicate the technical and locomotor match demands using small-sided games (SSGs) in male soccer players (n = 20) competing in major European and UEFA competitions. The relative number of each individual technical activity per minute (number · min-1; technical demands) was counted and the relative (m · min-1) total (TD), high-speed running (HSRD), very high-speed running (VHSRD), sprint and acceleration+deceleration (Acc+Dec) distances were collected during different SSG formats (n = 24; 4 vs 4 to 10 vs 10 with an ApP from 60 to 341 m2 · player-1) and official matches (n = 28). Data were collected during two full seasons. A linear mixed model analysis was used to calculate the individual relationship between technical/locomotor demands and the ApP during SSGs; the correlation coefficient was also calculated. With the exception of an inverse moderate (r = -0.457) correlation for Acc+Dec, each locomotor metric (TD, HSRD, VHSRD and sprint) showed a positive large to very large (r = 0.560 to 0.710) correlation with ApP (P < 0.001). The technical demands showed an inverse moderate correlation (r = -0.529) with ApP. Additionally, inverse moderate to large correlations (r = -0.397 to -0.600; P < 0.05) between the technical demands and the locomotor demands (TD, HSR, VHSR and sprint) were found. Lastly, an ApP of ~243 m2 · player was found to replicate the official match technical demand and it was quite similar to the ApP required to replicate HSRD, VHSRD and sprint. These findings may help practitioners to replicate, overload and underload both technical and locomotor demands using a specific ApP during SSGs in elite soccer.

Research on the implementation of 1+X Certificate System in Vocational Education reform

Since February 2019, “National Vocational Education Reform implementation program” sounded the 1+X certificate system reform horn. The 1+X certificate system is an innovative design to promote the transformation of the talent training mode in vocational education. It impels the reform of the type development of vocational education, and it is also related to the promotion of the overall quality of talents in the future and the establishment of the economic modernization system in our country. In the view of the fuzzy-conflict theory, this paper reflects the causes of the present situation with the established ought-to-be model of policy implementation, and obtains the causes of the present situation by grasping the overall development direction. At present, the problems of resource passivity, planning backwardness and insufficient function lead to the suspension of reform, and the difficulty of path dependence is difficult to surmount. In order to Kalanchoe pinnata the floating 1+X certificate system, this paper combines the practice patterns and their causes to return to the three dimensions of resources, planning and function, based on the relationship between top-level design and bottom-level promotion, concept remolding and action breakthrough, supply optimization and demand matching, to construct the 1+X certificate system, which is coordinated from top to bottom, internal and external, left and right, to optimize the implementation practice strategy system.

Design of integrated passenger-freight transport: A multi-stakeholder perspective

Integrated passenger freight transport (IPFT) is a tactical solution that can potentially reduce travel demand and the costs of first- and last-mile services. Although the scientific interest in this topic increased in the last decade, IPFT contributions are still mostly related to the definition of a general framework. Conversely, the design of the service attributes and the evaluation of the operational performances have been object of less attention. To address such a research gap, this paper presents the results of a Delphi survey with international stakeholders. The aim is to verify the minimum requirements upon the introduction of the IPFT in both urban and rural contexts, including fare reductions for users, which are necessary to compensate for the differences as compared with passenger-only and freight-only services. The survey results indicate the necessity of an efficient service in terms of information, environmental performances, space division, and security (the last aspect refers more to passenger than to freight transport). Other attributes, such as cleanliness on board, are more debated. Policymakers and practitioners can use these findings as a benchmark for the definition of performance requirements and boundaries for designing the service. The suitability of the IPFT scheme in real-case contexts is then verified. New suburban and urban IPFT services are designed by modifying the characteristics of two existing urban and suburban bus lines that operate in the Italian provinces of Forlì-Cesena and Rimini according to both the results of the Delphi survey and the territorial specificities. The scheme’s suitability to the existing schedules is finally determined. As next steps, the new design has to be assessed through a) a stated preference survey submitted to potential users of the service; b) a supply model that verifies the matching of supply and demand under the new configuration, and c) an economic evaluation of the service, which considers the perspective of single actors.

Exposing Repression Behind the Scenes

Exposing Repression Behind the Scenes Yao Li (bio) In the post–Cold War era, incumbents in authoritarian regimes have increased their toolkit for repression. In addition to blatant, forceful forms of repression (such as making mass arrests and shooting protesters), less visible, more sophisticated means of coercion have become vital components of a regime's repertoire to stifle unrest. Joining a bourgeoning literature on authoritarian repression, Lynette H. Ong's book Outsourcing Repression: Everyday State Power in Contemporary China presents a rigorous account of how the Chinese state takes advantage of nonstate actors to impose violent and nonviolent methods of social control. In particular, the book elaborates on how authorities hire private agents (e.g., thugs and gangsters) and rely on grassroots brokers (including local elders and members of urban residents' committees) to neutralize social protests against land appropriation and housing demolition in urban and rural China. Outsourcing Repression is highly relevant for anyone seeking to understand state repression, urbanization, and Chinese politics. Regarding violent acts carried out by thugs-for-hire, Ong describes these thugs' typical profile and the conditions under which they operate. She argues that such everyday repression is a lower-cost strategy that can minimize the likelihood of social protest and violent backlash—as long as any violence remains low-intensity, severe casualties or significant confrontations do not result, and no overt government complicity is involved. Yet, once any of these conditions fails to be satisfied, thugs-for-hire are no longer a low-cost repressive measure but a liability to the hiring authority. This paves the way for the state to increasingly turn to brokers and nonviolent tactics to resolve conflicts in demolition projects. These brokers are classified into three types (political, social, and economic), depending on the sources of their brokerage—whether their power or legitimacy stems from their state or quasi-state status, their social capital, or their role in bridging information asymmetry between state and society. [End Page 172] Correspondingly, these brokers play varying roles in mobilizing the masses, extracting compliance, and lowering the cost of state repression. For instance, with the help of social capital and emotional mobilization, social brokers employ persuasion to neutralize resistance to demolitions; in this sense, the brokers' social standing helps legitimate their actions and decrease the chance of backlash. Economic brokers (or huangniu), by contrast, bridge negotiations between the state and disgruntled residents by facilitating the matching of residents' demands with supplies of special favors by officials. These brokers expedite reaching a deal between the two parties in which official compensation is higher than that mandated by government policy or what residents are normally granted. Through nearly ten years of multi-site field research in China, spanning from the last year of the Hu-Wen era to the Xi administration, Ong has captured regional and temporal variations in state repressive actions and contention in the country. As she illustrates, incidents of forced evictions by thuggish violence have waned over time and become less prevalent in urban areas than in rural ones. In parallel, the frequency of persuasion and other nonviolent tactics being deployed has taken on increased prominence since 2011, and they are more prevalent in metropolitan areas than in smaller inland cities. Revealing changes across region and time indeed contribute to a dynamic and sophisticated narrative of state repression in demolitions. That said, the picture would be even more complicated by a systematic examination of social factors that may impact the deployment of outsourced repression and strategies for mobilizing the masses. These factors could include types of communities, forms of resistance (i.e., collective vs. individualized resistance), social groups with different resources, and the role of media and public attention. For instance, are inhabitants on the margins of urban areas more likely to be victims of everyday repression and be forcefully evicted by thugs-for-hire than those in urban centers? Do the resources and capital that citizens possess affect the state's choice of repression tactics? Does media or public attention help reduce the use of outsourced repression but boost that of persuasion or other nonviolent tactics? As outsourcing repression and mobilizing the masses have come to the fore in land appropriation and housing...

A two-sided logistics matching method considering trading psychology and matching effort under a 4PL

As a supply chain integrator, a fourth party logistics (4PL) typically does not have its own logistics facilities, so the 4PL needs to match third party logistics (3PLs) and customers to meet customers' logistics service demands. An effective matching method can not only improve the efficiency of 4PL supply chain management, but also establish more long-term and stable cooperative relationships with customers and 3PLs. Therefore, we propose a novel two-sided logistics matching method considering the trading psychology and matching effort of matching subjects under the 4PL. First, based on considering the trading psychology, the concepts of blocking pair and stable matching are redefined. Then, based on the public values and matching effort of customers and 3PLs, the evaluation values of customers and 3PLs are calculated. And the trading possibilities of customers and 3PLs are calculated by considering the fairness threshold. Next, we consider different stable matching demands of customers and 3PLs and develop a bi-objective matching model to maximize the trading possibilities of both customers and 3PLs. Furthermore, the properties of the proposed method are discussed. Finally, a numerical example and comparison analysis are provided to prove the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method.

Research progress and prospects on supply and demand matching of farmland multifunctions

Research progress and prospects on supply and demand matching of farmland multifunctions

The Model of Stroke Rehabilitation Service and User Demand Matching

The Model of Stroke Rehabilitation Service and User Demand Matching

Ministry of Education's supply and demand matching employment and education project Final Evaluation Report

Ministry of Education's supply and demand matching employment and education project Final Evaluation Report

Energy storage performance improvement of phase change materials-based triplex-tube heat exchanger (TTHX) using liquid–solid interface-informed fin configurations

The future of power generation is predicted to be greener with greater uptake in renewable energy which will be more intermittent and make matching demand harder. Latent thermal energy storage using phase change materials (PCMs) could provide a solution to that problem. PCMs can store large amounts of energy in small volumes, however, the main issue is the low conductivity of PCMs, which limits the rate that energy can be stored due to the slow melting and solidification processes. In the present study, we design and optimise a flow structure-informed fin configuration for triplex-tube heat exchangers (TTHXs) that accelerates the PCM melting process to allow for faster energy storage rates. The computational fluid dynamics modelling is developed to evaluate different TTHX geometries and find the most efficient fin geometries. The results show that an optimal fin geometry can provide a 57.4 % reduction in melting time, which demonstrates that fins offer a very effective way of reducing the melting times of PCMs without taking up much volume. We also found that fins in the lower half of the PCM are more effective in reducing total melt time than fins in the upper half. It is revealed that curved fins offer better performance when compared to similar straight fins. Lastly, it is observed that horizontal or angled surfaces allow for more natural convection in TTHX. The findings can be used to inform future studies on energy storage performance improvement of PCMs.

Exploiting the operational flexibility of AC-MTDC distribution system considering various flexible resources

Due to inherent volatility and uncertainty, the large-scale renewable energy integration has led to surge demands for operational flexibility in distribution system. Though various flexible resources in distribution system can help smooth the fluctuation of renewable energy, they also increase the complexity of dispatching. In order to enhance the flexibility of AC-MTDC distribution system, this paper proposes an economic and flexible scheduling model comprehensively considering source-grid-load-storage flexible resources, which exploits the potential flexibility by power flow controlling through VSC, control mode switching of MTDC and scheduling of flexible loads. Firstly, MTDC control strategy and mathematical models for various flexible resources are established. Then, the mechanism of flexibility supply–demand balance is analyzed, and three flexibility evaluation indices are presented from the perspective of flexibility supply–demand matching, network transmission flexibility and overall system flexibility respectively. Furthermore, a novel optimal scheduling model considering flexibility constraints is established to improve system flexibility. Finally, the proposed method is verified in a 47-bus AC-MTDC distribution network. Results show that the coordinated dispatching with power flow regulation, control mode switching of MTDC and flexible loads scheduling can greatly improve the flexibility of AC-MTDC distribution system and reduce the operation cost.