Matan Criticism Research Articles

Coherence Method in Matan Criticism

This paper aims to formulate the application of the coherence method known in philosophy to the matan criticism. This formulation is important for several reasons. First, the science of hadith as one of the Islamic sciences has been dominated by awareness of its normative dimensions compared to the dimensions of its historicity. Second, in addition to differences there are similarities between the coherence method and the matan criticism, namely in terms of seeking the truth by relying on certain standard.The application of the coherence method in this matan criticism is carried out in three main steps. First, determining the criteria for religious truth that will be used as benchmarks. In this case, the criteria of truth chosen are contemporary maqashid al-sharia, especially in the perspective of Jasser Audah. Second, mapping the theme of the hadith being studied, to facilitate synchronization with the selected criteria of truth. Third, interpreting the hadith that is being studied based on Ulumul Hadith in general and ‘Ilm Ma’ani al-Hadith in particular, by utilizing the latest theories from the sciences related to the hadith being studied.The implications of applying this method can at least be seen through two things, which are at the same time the goal of the formulation of this method. First, the reduction of the awareness domination of the normative dimension in matan criticism. This will have an impact on increasing awareness of the dimensions of historicity and humanity in matan criticism and is expected to contribute to the reduction of exclusive and radical attitudes. Second, integration or at least interconnection between two methods of seeking truth from two different disciplines, namely Hadith and Philosophy.This paper aims to formulate the application of the coherence method known in philosophy to the matan criticism. This formulation is important for several reasons. First, the science of hadith as one of the Islamic sciences has been dominated by awareness of its normative dimensions compared to the dimensions of its historicity. Second, in addition to differences there are similarities between the coherence method and the matan criticism, namely in terms of seeking the truth by relying on certain standard.The application of the coherence method in this matan criticism is carried out in three main steps. First, determining the criteria for religious truth that will be used as benchmarks. In this case, the criteria of truth chosen are contemporary maqashid al-sharia, especially in the perspective of Jasser Audah. Second, mapping the theme of the hadith being studied, to facilitate synchronization with the selected criteria of truth. Third, interpreting the hadith that is being studied based on Ulumul Hadith in general and ‘Ilm Ma’ani al-Hadith in particular, by utilizing the latest theories from the sciences related to the hadith being studied.The implications of applying this method can at least be seen through two things, which are at the same time the goal of the formulation of this method. First, the reduction of the awareness domination of the normative dimension in matan criticism. This will have an impact on increasing awareness of the dimensions of historicity and humanity in matan criticism and is expected to contribute to the reduction of exclusive and radical attitudes. Second, integration or at least interconnection between two methods of seeking truth from two different disciplines, namely Hadith and Philosophy.

IKHTILAF AL-MUFASSIRIN: MEMAHAMI SEBAB-SEBAB PERBEDAAN ULAMA DALAM PENAFSIRAN ALQURAN

All Muslims agree that the Qur’an is the first and main source of Islamic law. Nevertheless, this scripture does not guarantee the same result of interpretation, given that the background of life surrounding of the interpreter is different. This paper will review the forms of ikhtilaf al-mufassirin and the causes that bring it up. In examining the causes of ikhtilaf al-mufassirin, there are at least two causes; (1) a common cause, such as the occurrence of ikhtilaf in the case of qira’at, i’rab, musytarak, hakakat-majaz, ‘am-khas, mutlaq-muqayyad, mujmal-mubayyan, amr-nahi, nasikh-mansukh, and ikhtilaf in positioning reason as the source of shari’a law; (2) special causes, such as ikhtilaf in criticism of sanad and matan, ikhtilaf in taking a source of law, and ikhtilaf in the case of aqidah and madhhab. While the forms of ikhtilaf al-mufassirin there are also two forms; (1) ikhtilaf tanawwu’, ie dissent of opinion which is all aimed at the same intention; (2) ikhtilaf taddad, that is, differences of opinion which is conflicting and can not be united.

IKHTILAF AL-MUFASSIRIN: MEMAHAMI SEBAB-SEBAB PERBEDAAN ULAMA DALAM PENAFSIRAN ALQURAN

All Muslims agree that the Qur’an is the first and main source of Islamic law. Nevertheless, this scripture does not guarantee the same result of interpretation, given that the background of life surrounding of the interpreter is different. This paper will review the forms of ikhtilaf al-mufassirin and the causes that bring it up. In examining the causes of ikhtilaf al-mufassirin, there are at least two causes; (1) a common cause, such as the occurrence of ikhtilaf in the case of qira’at, i’rab, musytarak, hakakat-majaz, ‘am-khas, mutlaq-muqayyad, mujmal-mubayyan, amr-nahi, nasikh-mansukh, and ikhtilaf in positioning reason as the source of shari’a law; (2) special causes, such as ikhtilaf in criticism of sanad and matan, ikhtilaf in taking a source of law, and ikhtilaf in the case of aqidah and madhhab. While the forms of ikhtilaf al-mufassirin there are also two forms; (1) ikhtilaf tanawwu’, ie dissent of opinion which is all aimed at the same intention; (2) ikhtilaf taddad, that is, differences of opinion which is conflicting and can not be united.

Kritik Matan Hadis dengan Pendekatan Al-Qur’an: Studi Pemahaman Muḥammad Al-Ghazālī dan Jamāl Al-Bannā

Matan ḥadīth criticism is not new in the scientific world of ḥadīth, criticism of matan ḥadīth has been done since the time of the Prophet and the companions and then continued until the present. The existence of criticism of traditions in the history of traditions must have been born along with the number of persons who misuse the function of ḥadīth to the rise of counterfeiting of traditions to achieve irresponsible interests. The figures to be discussed are figures that are considered controversial for some people, because these two figures reject the authentic hadith that contradicts its meaning with the Qur’an. Therefore the author here feels the need for a review of the understanding of these two figures related to their understanding of the traditions, hadith aḥad, and the methodology of understanding the traditions with the Qur’anic approach.

Pengujian Hadits Ahad Dengan Al-qur’an (Studi Komparatif Syafi’iyyah dan Hanafiyah)

One of the efforts of the scholars in sterilizing the hadith from counterfeiting is to criticize the hadith. Because by criticizing a hadith it will be known whether the hadith is authentic, da'eef, or maudhu '. Criticism of the hadith itself is divided into two, namely criticism of matan and sanad. Historically, criticism of Matan was born earlier than criticism of Sanad. Matan criticism was already in the time of the Prophet Muhammad, while sanad criticism only emerged after the slander among Muslims, namely the division between them following the killing of Usman bin Affan in 35 AH To determine whether or not a hadith was accepted, the hadith scholars have establish the rules of the righteousness. Where all of that has been poured out in detail in the discussions of science must al-hadith. But lately, the jurists who have an interest in using hadith as a source of law, do not stop at the testing set by muhadditsin. They added some more testing criteria so that the hadith was truly believed to be something that was sourced from the Prophet and could be used as proof and practiced. Among these tests is confirming the Prophet's hadith with the Qur'an, sunnah masyhûrah and ‘general al-balwa. In this paper the author will try to explore briefly related to this issue which includes: How are the views of scholars (muhaddits and fuqaha ') regarding the confirmation of the hadith with the above three things, the arguments used by scholars related to their opinions, and their practical examples in in confirming the hadith.

KRITIK HADITS DALAM KAWASAN KAJIAN SEJARAH

The position of hadith criticism is explicitly directed at the criticism of sanad (external criticism; naqd al-khariji) and matan criticism (internal criticism; naqd al-dakhili) basically based on the existence of hadith as the second source which needs to be maintained so that there is an assessmentcritics of the narrators have a purpose to determine the acceptance or rejection of their narrations which are equipped with comprehensive data about the rawi assessed. in this case it is very possible for various approaches, such as the historical approach as a study area, even the approaches of other social sciences as an effort to understand the behavior formed by certain positions in society. in other words, Scientific Kum Doktriner; do not see the doctrinal aspects of sich, but also the scientific aspects.

KRITIK HADIS DALAM PENDEKATAN FILOSOFIS

The research or criticism of hadith is always directed at the criticism of sanad (external criticism; naqd al-khariji) and matan criticism (internal criticism; naqd al-dakhili). In the criticism of sanad (naqd al-khariji) the focus of the study is always directed at the quality of the narrators and the method of transmission used; whether the credibility of the narrators and the hadith is acknowledged and whether the traditions of tahammul and there 'indicate that he is a hadith of the Prophet. Whereas in the criticism of matan (naqd al-dakhili) it is more directed at the provisions that matan hadith must not conflict with the Koran; Mutawatir traditions or those of higher quality; historical facts; common sense; the five senses; and avoid syadz and ‘illah.Departing from the focus of the study of criticism of Sanad on the assessment of the quality of the narrators, the existence of the Science of Jarh wa Ta'dil is absolutely necessary. It is through this knowledge that the judgment of the critical scholars against the narrators is revealed by jarh or ta'dil or from the point of view of whether or not their transmission is accepted.

The Urgency Discourse of Matan and Sanad Criticism on Hadith

As part of science, hadith studies need special attention. Therefore, there is a need for the criticism of sanad and matan hadith to be aware of its authenticity and to know the validity of a hadith. The main objective of this hadith research, in terms of both sanad as well as substance is to determine the quality of examined hadith. The quality of hadith is very important in its relation to the validity of hadith. Hadiths whose quality does not qualify cannot be used as a ḥujjah. The fulfillment of the requirement because hadith is the source of Islamic teaching. Unauthorized use of hadith can be in Islamic misplaced teachings.

Reorientasi Misteri Shalat Subuh dalam Perspektif Hadis

Fajr prayer is one of the five obligatory prayers that have exceptional peculiarities and virtues. It was at this point that the turn of night and day began. At this very moment, the night and afternoon angels change duties. Fajr prayers in congregation is a heavy mandatory worship to be performed, they do not know that in the dawn prayer there is a great virtue, except by people who really sincerely expect the pleasure of Allah swt. Its execution time on the blind that makes people lazy to do it. 
 Based on the above background, the formulation of the problem in this thesis is: 1). How does the nature of the Subuh prayers congregate according to the tradition ?, 2). How is the quality of traditions related to the virtue of Fajr prayers in congregation ?. 3). How is the virtue of Fajr praying in congregation ?.
 The purpose of this research are: 1). To know the nature of dawn prayer in congregation of hadith. 2). To know the quality of the traditions related to the virtue of Fajr prayers in congregation. 3). To know the virtue of Fajr prayers in congregation in the view of the clergy.
 The method used in this thesis is library research method which is collecting data from Hadith books of Bukhārῑ, Muslim, Ibn Māzah, Abū Dāud, Tirmiẓi dan Ad-Dārimῑ and seeking information with the help of interview, then the data is analyzed by using method criticism of hadith, that is criticism of sanad and matan by using jarḥ wa ta'dil every perawinya.
 The results of this study, as follows: Fajr prayer is a mandatory prayer performed on the morning at dawn arrived, dawn prayer is also a severe worship to be executed except by people who really sincere expect the pleasure of Allah swt. Hadiths of the Prayers of the Fajr Prayers which the author has meticulously qualified ṣaḥiḥ such as the hadith narrated by Bukhārῑ, the hadith of the Muslim narrative, the hadith of Ahmad's narration, and the hadith narrated by ad-Darimi, but the authors found the traditions of the high-quality dawn prayers such as Ibn Mazah and Tirmiżi. The virtue of the Fajr prayers according to the views of ulema bahwasannya prayers in which there is a great reward that does not exist in other fardu prayers, such as getting a guarantee of the hereafter of Allah swt.

Kritik Hadis Prespektif Akram Diya' al-Umari

In the study of hadith criticism, there are two aspects that cannot be favored one of them. They are the criticism of sanad and the criticism of matan. Both of them have several validity criterias, they are the continuity of sanad, the narrators are reliable (‘ādil) and retentive (dābit), and free from the absurdity (shādh) and defect (‘illah). Many Muslim Scholars have formulated methods of hadith criticism. One of them Akram Diyā’ al-‘Umarī. Academically, this article examines Akram Diyā’ al-‘Umarī’s thoughts on the hadith criticism. He is a professor in the field on Islamic history and modern science. The background of Islamic historian adds to the options in the study of hadith criticism. He is a productive contemporary scholars. Many of his works were used as references by hadith researchers. One of his works that become masterpiece is Manhaj al-Naqd ‘ind al-Muhaddithin Muqaranan bi al-Manhaj al-Naqdi al-Gharbi (the Method of hadith criticism according to h}adith Scholars compared with Western criticism methods).

Metode Kritik Matan Hadis Muhammad Ṫāhir Al-Jawābī dalam Kitab: Juhūd al-Muḥaddiṡīn Fī Naqd Matan al-Ḥadīṡ an-Nabawī asy-Syarīf

Matan's criticism is one of the most important studies in the critique of hadith after the criticism of sanad. The importance of matan's criticism is that the meaning of a hadith is closely related to the validity of matan. Sanad is the support of the hadith component, while the matter of the hadith lies in the matan. In general, the criticism of matan hadith includes three activities or stages: (1) conducting criticism or selection of matan hadith (naqd al-matn), (2) interpretation or interpretation of matan hadis (syarh al-matan), and (3) doing typology or the classification of matan hadis (qism al-matan). This article aims to reveal the method of matan research initiated by Muhammad Thahir al-Jawabi in his book Juhūd al-Muḥaddiṡīn Fī Naqd Matan al-Ḥadīṡ an-Nabawī asy-Syarīf. Through the method of character study, it was found that the method of criticism of Matan offered by al-Jawabi is to compare (muqaranah). Namely, (1) examine the contradiction of hadith with the Qur'an, (2) examine the contradiction of hadith with the fatwa of shahabah, (3) to examine the contradiction of hadith with the knowledge of history

ANALISIS SANAD DAN MATAN HADIS TENTANG KEUTAMAAN BULAN RAMADAN (DIBELENGGUNYA SETAN-SETAN)

In months Ramadan, all people struggle to keep their fasting. The governments also really pay attention to fasting activity in months Ramadan. The public phenomenon has been doing the sin in months Ramadan is the problem that should to watch. What are the people in the world doing the sin because of only devil temptation? Or are there the other factors that make the people dong the sin? The goals of this research is to obtain the data of hadis accurately about the superiority in months Ramadan (the devils handcuffed) by this hadis, is the hadist can be a hujjah or not?. After doing this research by using qualitative approach, literature method, and descriptive, also using the sanad and matan criticism theory, it can be concluded that the hadis of the months Ramadan superiority about the devils handcuff is able to the new knowledge. The hadis that explain about the superiority of months Ramadan (the devils handcuffed) the entire narrated strip based on the quality of this hadis initially include in the criteria of S{ah}i>h} hadis, except the hadis that narrated by Imam Al-Nasa>’i on the fourth sanad schema included in the da’if category because broken the sanad from Ubaidillah, Ya’qub, Ibrahim, Ibnu Ishaq, Ibnu Shihab, and Ibnu Abi Anas which should from Ibnu Abi Anas to Abu Anas, in this sanad strip directly to Abu Hurairah. Besides, there is a friend to jarh claimed that as suduq yudallis by Ibnu Hajar is Muhammad bin Ishaq. Although there is broke sanad strip, but this hadis reinforced with the other hadis strip such as narrated strip of Imam An-Nasai and other mukharij in order to degree of the hadis raise become s}ah}i>h} li ghairihi hadis. Meanwhile, based on the quantitiy this hadis included into ahad gharib hadis that initially affected by only one person to narrate, he is Abu Hurairah. But, quantity of the hadis is change become ahad gharib hadis because every narrator thabaqah increased. The meaning of hadis about the superiority of months Ramadan (the devils handcuffed) has two real meanings. The hadis interpreted obviously that the devils really handcuffed obviously. Second meaning is majazi which the meaning is only analogy the devils are not handcuffed, but the devils cannot disturb people that doing the fasting.

READING SURAH YASIN AT NIGHT: Study of Takhrij al-Hadits

Based on Hadith which is still debatable, we are suggested to read certain Surah in al- Qur’an, such as reading of Surah Yasin at night, But, it is still needed to re-clarified to see the source or quality. The study of Takhrij hadith is a means to conduct those clarified. Search resources of Hadith code about reading Surah Yasin at night is done by using one of Takhrij methods. Searching the quality of hadith is done by analysis of rijal (criticism of sanad) and analysis of material (criticism of matan). Thus, it can be obtained that hadith of reading surah Yasin is more listed outside al-kutub al-tis’ah, as well as weak, both in the aspect of sanad and matan

METODOLOGI KRITIK MATAN HADIS MENURUT AL-ADLABIDARI TEORI KE APLIKASI

The validity of hadith is not only seen from the sanad aspect, but also from matan. Hadith scholars set two criteria forthe validity of the matan, both are avoid syaz and illah. Disability element of matan at syaz lies in the contention ofthe matan. The illah aspect of matan was because of the additional editorial matan when compared with other. Al-Adlabi formulated the criteria of the validity of matan based on four things namely; 1). It is not contradicting with theKoran; 2). It is not contrary with the valid hadith and sirah nabawiyah; 3). It is not contrary to reason, sense andhistory; and 4). It is similar with the prophetic word. If the formula of al-Adlabis matan criticism is seen in aspectsof syaz and illah, then it appears that his offering is only covers one aspect of the syaz of matan criticism. While thecriteria of illah have not been accommodated in the rule.