Prevalence Of Mastitis Research Articles

The variability in cow’s recovery potential regarding the milk recording season

The purpose of the study was to investigate how different milk recording seasons affected the prevalence of mastitis and the potential for cows to recover from it. After conducting logical data validation, a total of 3,953,637 test-day records of Holstein cows obtained during the milk recording period from January 1, 2005, to December 31, 2022, were used. The findings revealed that mastitis was most prevalent in the autumn season, and during this period, there was a lower total increase in milk production. On the other hand, the prevalence of healthy cows was maximum in summer and winter, while the winter season showed the highest overall increase in milk production. These results suggest that the prevalence of mastitis and the potential for recovery in cows are significantly influenced by the season, and the values may vary considerably. During the winter season, which is characterized by lower temperatures and humidity levels, the animals have the maximum likelihood of recuperation and regaining their production capacity in a manner that is consistent with their genetic potential.

Risk Factors Associated with Production and Reproduction in Dairy Camps (Kuku and Saig) at Khartoum State, Sudan

Introduction: Lack of awareness about reproductive disorders and their importance in the economic viability of farms in Sudan causes challenges among the majority of small farmholders. The present study was conducted to investigate the risk factors of production and reproduction in Kuku and Saig dairy camps in Khartoum State, Sudan. Materials and methods: In December 2017, a random selection of 100 farms was carried out. The current cross-sectional study was based on a structural questionnaire and direct interviews with the farm owners. Results: Vaccination against contagious diseases was practiced in 80% of the farms in the Kuku and Saig dairy camps in Khartoum State, Sudan. Quarantine of sick animals and newly introduced cows to the herd was practiced only in 23% of the farms. The study found a high prevalence of mastitis (95 farms), the spread of tick infestation (86 farms), and theileriosis (53 farms). There have been 58 farms, where animals showed signs of lameness, and 67 farms showed signs of jaundice disease. In the case of selected dairy camps, natural mating was predominant at 98% and bulls from outside the herd accounted for 89% of farms. Besides, 75% of the selected farms suffered from repeat breeders’ syndrome. The culling strategy was used in 86% of the dairy farms. There was a low risk of association between the treatment of diseases by the veterinarian, washing labor’s hands and udders of cows before and after the milking process, and between the type of mating and repeat breeders. In addition, there was a moderate risk of a correlation between the treatment of the disease by the veterinarian and the contact of other species of animals with the cows in the pen, monitoring of estrus and repeat breeders, and abortions and calving intervals. Moreover, a high risk of correlation was obtained between the isolation of animals and the use of vaccination. Conclusion: Control of the disease was unsatisfactory, especially in the Saig camp, with traditional basis management. Hence it is highly recommended to train the farm workers, improve their management, and enhance the animals’ health level.

Breed and non-genetic risk factors associated with the prevalence of subclinical mastitis in livestock systems of Arauca, Colombian orinoquia

ABSTRACT Subclinical Mastitis (SCM) is caused by several factors associated with the interaction of the individual cow, cow management, and the environment. The aim of this study was to assess the breed and non-genetic risk factors on the prevalence of SCM in cows from the dual-purpose livestock system on the floodplain of Arauca, Colombian Orinoquia. Milk samples were taken from the individual mammary quarters of 481 cows representing 28 different farms where the electrical conductivity (EC) test applied. To determine the factors associated with SCM, a multiple logistic regression analysis was used. The response variable was the SCM presence (1), or absence (0) obtained with the EC test. Breed was included as a genetic risk factor, and as non- genetic risk factors: number of cows in production, daily milk production, lactation month, cow age, climatic period, body condition, and calving number. The factors that were significantly associated with the SCM presence were body condition, climatic period, and breed (p < 0.05). Odds ratio (OR) analysis of significant effects indicates that for each unit increase in body condition, the OR of having animals with SCM is reduced by 71%. In the dry period the OR of animals with SCM increases by 150% compared to the rainy period. Composite breeds reduce the OR of SCM animals by 73%, compared with Indicus-predominance animals. In this study, the occurrence of SCM in extensive management systems in Arauca, Colombian Orinoquia, is determined by the risk factors of breed, climatic period, and body condition.

Haematological and Metabolic Profile Test of Subclinical Mastitis Affected Cross Bred Cattle

The current research was conducted during May–October, 2023 aimed to assess the haemato-biochemical parameters in cattle affected with S. aureus affected subclinical mastitis. Mastitis in dairy cattle is the persistent, inflammatory reaction of the udder tissue. Financial losses due to mastitis occur in the case of both sub-clinically and clinically affected animals. Sub-clinical mastitis exhibits no clinical signs and mostly remains unnoticed by the farmer and can be detected if specific tests are performed in milk samples. Sub-clinical mastitis has an erosive effect on the economy of dairy farmers as it effect directly on the milk quality and quantity. In India prevalence of sub-clinical mastitis was found to be more in cows when compared to clinical mastitis. Blood samples were collected from the jugular vein of 10 healthy and 10 subclinical mastitis affected cattle. Blood samples were analyzed for Hb, PCV, TEC, TLC, while serum samples were examined for ALT, AST, ALP, Glucose, Total protein, Albumin, Cholesterol and Calcium. Haematology report showed significantly (p&lt;0.01) decrease in Hb, PCV and TEC in subclinical affected cattle when compared to healthy animals. TLC was significantly increased in (p&lt;0.01) subclinical affected animal than healthy animal. Biochemical estimate revealed significantly (p&lt;0.05) higher average values of AST, ALP and Ca in subclinical mastitis affected animals compared to healthy animals. Glucose, total protein, albumin, cholesterol and ALT levels are significantly (p&lt;0.05) decrease in subclinical mastitis affected animals when compared to healthy cows. Haemato-biochemical parameters can be used as important for pathological state of subclinical mastitis animals.

Meta analysis of the prevalence of subclinical mastitis in dairy cattle

Mastitis, which is defined as the inflammation of mammary tissue caused by infectious agents such as bacteria, yeast, fungi and viruses, is considered to be one of the most important problems of dairy enterprises due to reduced milk yield and milk quality. Therefore, studies on mastitis have been continuous from past to present. The presence of too many studies conducted in all around the world in order to estimate the prevalence of mastitis and to determine the factors affecting the disease has necessitated systematic review or meta-analysis studies on this subject. In this study, it was aimed to perform the meta-analysis for the prevalence of cow and udder quarter-based subclinical mastitis in 193 studies conducted around the world, and to determine the effects of some factors on the prevalence of subclinical mastitis using subgroup and meta-regression methods. Because high heterogeneity was detected between studies in the analysis, the random effects model (Der Simonian-Laird method) (Q=15149.869, df=188, p&lt;0.001, I2=98.759; Q=72142.706; df=174, p&lt;0.001; I2=99.774) was used in this study. The publication biases in the study samples were determined by the use of Egger's linear regression test, the Begg and Mazumdar rank correlation test and funnel plots. As a result of the study, the common prevalence of subclinical mastitis in cow and udder quarter-based studies were calculated as 0.46 (95% CI: 0.43-0.48) and 0.32 (95% CI: 0.30-0.34) respectively. The meta-analysis conducted in this study has enabled the elimination of inconsistencies in the prevalence of subclinical mastitis in individual studies conducted around the world, and has provided a stronger and more precise estimate.

Concentrations of antimicrobial components in milk of Japanese Black cows and their differences from dairy cows.

The components of milk from beef cows remain to be elucidated. This study examined the differences in the antimicrobial components of milk between dairy and beef cows. Quarter milk was collected from both Japanese Black (beef type) and Holstein (dairy type) cows to compare the concentrations of antimicrobial components. The concentration of lingual antimicrobial peptide (LAP) was higher, whereas that of the other antimicrobial components (lactoferrin, S100A7, and S100A8) was lower in beef cows than in dairy cows. Overall, these results indicate that the differences in antimicrobial components between beef and dairy cows may be associated with the difference in the prevalence of mastitis between them.

Prevalence of subclinical mastitis in cattle using modified California mastitis test

Prevalence of subclinical mastitis in cattle using modified California mastitis test

Prevalence of clinical and subclinical bovine mastitis in Kashmir, India: Evaluating diagnostic methods and implications for udder health

Prevalence of clinical and subclinical bovine mastitis in Kashmir, India: Evaluating diagnostic methods and implications for udder health

Prevalence of Subclinical Mastitis in Holstein-Friesian Cow Dairy Among Small-Scale Farms in Batu, Indonesia

Prevalence of Subclinical Mastitis in Holstein-Friesian Cow Dairy Among Small-Scale Farms in Batu, Indonesia

Biosecurity Measures, Bacterial Prevalence and Economic Implications of Environmental Mastitis and Hygienic Milking Practices on an Egyptian Dairy Farm

Biosecurity Measures, Bacterial Prevalence and Economic Implications of Environmental Mastitis and Hygienic Milking Practices on an Egyptian Dairy Farm

Determination of Subclinical Mastitis Prevalence in Dairy Cows in Türkiye through Meta-Analysis and Production Loss Calculation

Determination of Subclinical Mastitis Prevalence in Dairy Cows in Türkiye through Meta-Analysis and Production Loss Calculation

Prevalence of Bovine Mastitis, Risk Factors and Isolation of Major Causative Pathogens in and around Hargeisa, Somaliland

Prevalence of Bovine Mastitis, Risk Factors and Isolation of Major Causative Pathogens in and around Hargeisa, Somaliland

ESTIMATION OF PREVALENCE, EFFECT AND COST OF MASTITIS ON SIMMENTAL DAIRY FARMS OF DIFFERENT SIZES

Mastitis, a production disease highly prevalent in dairy farming, poses a significant challenge to farmers. It is responsible for decreased milk production, reduced milk quality, and increased treatment costs. Thus, early detection and prompt treatment are essential to prevent the infection and minimize the mastitis impact. This study aimed to determine how farm size affects the prevalence, effect, and cost of mastitis. Therefore, a total of 4,922,751 test-day records for dairy Simmental cows collected in the period 2005-2022 were analysed. Results showed that mastitis was most prevalent among small farms, which also exhibited a lower total increase in milk production. In contrast, the highest prevalence of healthy cows was observed at large farms, with the highest total increase in milk production.

Prevalence, Associated Risk Factors and Major Bacterial Pathogens causing Bovine Mastitis on Selected Dairy Farms in and around Harar, Ethiopia

Aim Mastitis, an inflammation of the mammary gland, is a complex and costly disease in dairy herds. The main aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of mastitis and associated risk factors for bacterial pathogens in lactating dairy cows. Methods A cross-sectional study was carried out. The study was conducted in Harar town and its district from November 2016 to April 2017. A total of 384 (264 crossbreds and 120 Holstein Frisian) milking cows were tested using the California mastitis test (CMT), direct diagnosis of obverse clinical mastitis, and bacterial culture in Harar City and its district. Results The result of the study indicated the prevalence of mastitis at the cow level was 58.60% (225/384), out of which 10.7% (41/384) and 47.9% (184/384) were clinical and subclinical, respectively. The quarter-level prevalence was 34.1% (513/1536); from this, the clinical and subclinical forms were 8.7% (131/1536) and 25.4% (382/1536), respectively, while 2% (31/1536) had blind teats. From 341 culture-positive samples, the following bacteria were isolated: Out of the total, Coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (CNS) (28.5%) was the most prevalent isolate, followed by Streptococcus species (27.5%), Staphylococcus aureus (21.4%), Escherichia coli species (14.4%), Micrococcus species (5.3%) and Corynebacterium species (2.9%). Age, parity, breed, production, and hygiene were significant associated risk factors, whereas management risk factors such as house types, milking systems, farming systems, and treatment history do not have a significant association with the prevalence of mastitis in the study area at this level of significance. Conclusion Based on the findings of this study, a thorough screening of high-producing and aged cows should be needed; optimum space should be required for those cows kept in intensive and closed houses to reduce the risk of contagious mastitis; attention should be paid to the informal use of drugs; and further research should be needed to view other risk factors for mastitis

Prevalence and Risk Factors of Mastitis among Dairy Buffaloes from the Departments of Antioquia and Córdoba, Colombia

Background: Mastitis is the most common disease among dairy buffaloes worldwide, and it significantly affects the economic profitability of buffalo farms as well as animal welfare and public health.&#x0D; Methods: This study was conducted between 2018 and 2019 at the Colombian departments of Antioquia and Córdoba, where 41% of the country’s total buffalo population is concentrated. Overall, 1,018 dairy buffaloes, including 603 in Antioquia and 415 in Córdoba, distributed among 11 farms, were assessed in the study. These animals were evaluated using the California mastitis test (CMT) and somatic cell count (SCC) to determine the presence of subclinical mastitis (SM). They were considered positive for SM when the results of CMT were higher than traces and SCC was &gt;200,000 cells/mL.&#x0D; Results: The total prevalence of the disease was 7.9%, and microbiological culture was performed on the samples obtained from the SM-positive animals. The main isolated bacterium was coagulase-negative Staphylococcus. Furthermore, risk factors affecting milking routine, hygiene, and farm facilities were determined. Manual milking, milking in the barn, non-disinfection of milkers' hands, etc., were identified as risk factors for the disease.&#x0D; Conclusion: To the best of our knowledge, this is the first large-scale study of mastitis among buffaloes in Colombia.

Environmental and Breed Risk Factors Associated with the Prevalence of Subclinical Mastitis in Dual-Purpose Livestock Systems in the Arauca Floodplain Savannah, Colombian Orinoquia.

The aim of this study was to assess the environmental and breed risk factors associated with the prevalence of subclinical mastitis (SCM) in cows in the dual-purpose livestock system of Arauca, Colombian Orinoquia. Milk samples were taken from 1924 mammary quarters, corresponding to 481 cows on 28 different farms, and the California Mastitis Test (CMT) was applied. Risk factors associated with SCM were determined using multiple logistic regression analysis. The response variable was the presence (1) or absence (0) of SCM. Breed was included as a genetic risk factor, and daily milk production, number of cows in production, lactation month, calving number, cow age, climatic period, and body condition were included as environmental risk factors. The analysis of the odds ratio (OR) of significant effects indicated that the factors significantly associated with the presence of SCM were the number of cows (OR = 2.29; p = 0.005), milk production (OR = 0.88; p = 0.045), and the Taurus-Indicus breeds (OR = 1.79; p = 0.009) and composite breed (OR = 3.95; p = 0.005). In this study, the occurrence of SCM was determined by the following risk factors: number of cows, milk production, and breed. Likewise, the highest prevalence seemed to occur on farms with less technological development and sanitary management of producers from the lowest socioeconomic stratum.

Prevalence of bovine mastitis and its associated risk factors under different production system in Borena district of South Wollo Zone, Amhara, Ethiopia

Prevalence of bovine mastitis and its associated risk factors under different production system in Borena district of South Wollo Zone, Amhara, Ethiopia

Мікробіологічний моніторинг поширеності захворювання на мастити корів за мікробіологічними показниками досліджень молока у тваринницьких господарствах різних регіонів України за період 2018–2022 рр.

Milk and dairy products are one of the most important raw materials that play a vital role in the nutritional structure of the Ukrainian population. The safety and quality of raw milk is the basis for dairy production. In view of the above, there is a need to conduct microbiological tests of milk samples from cows to detect mastitis. The issues of determining the somatic cell count (SCC), bacterial contamination (BCM), Escherichia coli bacteria (ECB), and the quantitative species composition of pathogenic microorganisms are relevant, as they provide an opportunity to assess the epizootic situation regarding the prevalence of cow mastitis in livestock farms in different regions of Ukraine, to establish the dominant etiological factors that cause mastitis, and to prescribe treatment and preventive measures to prevent further deterioration of the situation. The results of our microbiological monitoring studies on the prevalence of cow mastitis showed a trend towards an increase in their number, as evidenced by an increase in the SCC from 12% in 2018 to 41.5% in 2021; an increase in BCM from 8.1% to 37.3%, respectively. For the period from 2018 to 2021 inclusive, the number of pathogenic bacteria of the coccal group, in particular Staphylococcus spp. (80.0% of all isolates), Streptococcus spp. (28.1%, respectively), confirmed their main role in the formation of external and internal etiological factors that cause udder lesions in cows In terms of the number of detected ECB, there was a tendency to reduce, which indicates a decrease in their impact on the etiological factors that provoke mastitis in cows. The test results for 2022 showed a sharp drop in the delivery of milk samples for microbiological testing, which was due to the impact of political, social, economic, and other factors on the livestock industry due to military aggression in Ukraine.

Epidemiological Studies of Subclinical Mastitis in Dairy Goats in Lumajang Regency, East Java, Indonesia

Subclinical mastitis is an economically important disease in dairy goat farming. Lumajang is a center for dairy goats in East Java. However, routine examination of subclinical mastitis for screening tests has no data. This study aimed to provide prevalence data and identification factors that influenced subclinical mastitis. Therefore, this study was carried out as part of the national surveillance program. The research design is a cross-sectional study with simple random sampling. Samples came from 19 farms with a total individual sample of 224 dairy goats. Detection of subclinical mastitis using an undirect test with the California Mastitis Test (CMT). Identification of management factors and characteristics that can influence subclinical mastitis in dairy goat farms using a structured questionnaire. The results showed that the prevalence of subclinical mastitis in Lumajang District was 36.2%. There was a significant difference in subclinical mastitis in each village (p&lt;0.05). The highest prevalence of subclinical mastitis was in Kandangtepus village. A farmer's characteristic factor that significantly influences subclinical mastitis is the farmer's experience. The aspect of livestock management that significantly affects subclinical mastitis is structured work management. Subclinical mastitis was prevalent in dairy goats in Lumajang District and requires prevention efforts. Prevention approach through education for farmers to increase knowledge, attitude, and socialization to improve livestock management.

The Effect of Age of Cows on Variability in Mastitis Prevalence Risk and its Concomitant Impacts on the Successive Daily Milk Yield

Summary The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of age of cows on variability in mastitis prevalence risk and its concomitant impacts on their successive daily milk yield by analyzing test-day records of dairy cows collected in the period 2005–2022. The results obtained indicate a correlation between the age and breed of cows enrolled in the study and mastitis prevalence risk alongside its concomitant impacts on their successive daily milk yield. The findings demonstrate a progressive increase in mastitis prevalence risk with the advancing age of cows, notably more pronounced in the Holstein breed than in the Simmental breed. The Simmental cows exhibited a lower increase in daily milk yield, experiencing a substantial decrease in overall yields (namely milk, fat, and protein) in contrast to the Holstein cows. The primiparous cows of both breeds displayed the highest total increase in daily milk yield. This study underscores the significance of monitoring dairy herd health as a pivotal component of successful dairy herd management. Moreover, the daily lactose content was found a valuable and cost-effective indicator for ensuring the economically and environmentally sustainable operations of dairy farms.