Master Unit Research Articles

The future of case teaching: applying strategies for enhancing student knowledge with wisdom

Rapid changes on the world stage have strengthened the argument for society and universities to become wisdom-oriented. This paper discusses wisdom in the context of higher education, its relationship with case-based learning and how wisdom was imparted in case teaching. For the latter, the concept of wisdom-related knowledge was adopted, operationalised as factual knowledge, procedural knowledge, contextualisation, relativism, and uncertainty. The construct was aligned with case-based learning activities which were synthesised from the ‘cognitive’ dimensions of Henri (1992). They provided the basis for developing teaching strategies to impart wisdom-related knowledge to students undertaking a Master unit in Information Technology Value Realisation at an Australian university. The research approach used was that of technical reflection within the reflection-on-action paradigm. Each of the strategies is discussed first, by providing insight into underlying theory and second, to reflect on actions that resulted. The research concludes with a model that integrates cognitive dimensions, teaching strategies and wisdom criteria to guide educationalists during the transfer of wisdom-related knowledge to their students.

The master Malmquist index measurement using DEA-based weighted average efficiency

The Malmquist index, based on data envelopment analysis (DEA) models, is the prominent index for measuring the relative productivity change of decision-making units (DMUs) in multiple time periods. This study presents new insight into the Malmquist index for measuring the productivity change of a master unit (master-DMU) that encompasses a set of units, its sub-DMUs, in multiple time periods. This is achieved by providing a framework for measuring productivity changes at the master level for the master-DMU regarding productivity changes at the sub-level for all sub-DMUs. The suggested index is illustrated by means of a real-world example from banking.

Low Power Strain Gage Measurement with Wireless Network Access

This paper describes a measurement system for industry applications where the weight has to be monitored in a flexible way. The measurement system can be used to build several kinds of weight cell applications in which the low power sensor is battery powered and able to communicate with a master unit through a wireless network. The system requirements are described and all blocks derived from these requirements are presented. The implementation of the wireless network includes a peer-to-peer connection between multiple measurement units with the master unit by using just one communication channel.

Development of RFID Based Smart Sensor Prototype for Wireless Industrial Monitoring and Control

The Purpose of this paper is to present one of the various wireless technologies currently available for industrial monitoring and control. Applications of wireless data transmission are universal. In industrial automation, the benefits of adopting wireless technologies in eliminating the needs for cables in hard to reach areas within the plant, increasing data availability and quality and monitoring and controlling remote assets, that otherwise were inaccessible. Radio frequency identification (RFID) technology is commonly used for object or animal identification and tracking. This article explores the feasibility of its use in a rapid solution to wireless real time monitoring of industry. A prototype system for wireless industrial monitoring and control was developed using a commercially available 12.5 GHZ RFID passive tags. Various parameters are sensed by respective sensors (Slaves), which are then monitored by low power, high performance, 8bit AVR microcontroller. Monitored signals are then sent to the RFID tag or transponder unit, hence the smart feature of the sensor. A receiving unit (Interrogator) emits an electromagnetic field which when detected by passive RFID tag causes it to transfer sensor information (data stored in memory) to the interrogator. Interrogator detects these parameters and sends them to the data collection PC (Master Unit). The architecture of the developed wireless sensor prototype allows for additional RFID tags (Slave Units) to be integrated into it without changes to the sensor designs. Design also provides means to update operating and monitoring parameters as well as sensors/RF link specific firmware modules ‘over - the - air’.

Research on Temperature Monitoring System for Electrical Equipment Based on Wireless Sensor Networks

A wireless temperature monitoring system based on fluorescence lifetime is researched in this paper, which mainly consists of the temperature acquisition unit and the master control monitoring unit. The wireless module with the core of low-power microcontroller (SX1212) and the sensor based on optical-fiber fluorescence are designed. And the unit of fluorescence temperature measurement is introduced in detail. Testing result indicates that the communication distance of the wireless module can be up to 300 meters, which meets the requirements very well. There are many advantages in this system, such as no wiring, better scalability, real-time monitoring.

Taiwan Defense Education Curriculum Teacher's Essential Ability and the Teachers Cultivate Research of the System

Taiwan defense education teacher cultivates research of the system conception. Taiwan's Senior middle school or in university's school the military training and the national defense pass know the curriculum teacher are hold the post by the active duty officer, Master unit for Republic of China Ministry of Education. Recent years the domestic education environment tended to the serviceman to withdraw from the school edition curriculum, did not have the academic license serviceman status teacher, always shouldered the people to accuse it to not to have the card interferes the education according to the teacher and the serviceman, often directed the person question is the military officer is also teacher's this crowd of associations otherwise has the teacher specialized ability. The question lies in this group of military officer teacher not to have the further education to obtain the qualified teacher card, and before the present education system also does not have the defense education curriculum teacher duty, to train with the university which awards cultivates the unit. This research discussion's key is defense education teacher's essential ability and the teachers cultivates the system the relations. We watched proposed that more than school union-like teachers cultivate the organization plan the solution conception. Was the utilization already the qualified teacher, but not yet investigated teacher of the employment, gave the second specialty to give public notice of entrance examination receives training, opened the second specialty teachers to the common teacher to authenticate by the time supplements insufficiency of the teachers. The male even plan is gives comprehensive duty training to the military officer teacher to award the certificate of quality again

An Inside Body Power and Bidirectional Data Transfer IC Module Pair

An IC module pair utilizing only three wires was designed for biomedical implants with a master unit (MU) and a small, lightweight satellite unit (SU). Power was delivered from the MU to the SU using a three-phase signal and converted to dc in the SU IC module by a passive MOS ac-dc converter. Bidirectional data transfer between the two units was achieved by modulating the amplitudes (at periods that do not affect power delivery) and the positions of the rising and falling edges of the three-phase signal. A bidirectional data rate in the range of MB/s and an overall power efficiency of 90.2% for a 2.84-mW load were achieved in a 0.18-μm CMOS process.

Accelerating the Benders decomposition for network-constrained unit commitment problems

This paper presents an optimization method by generating multiple strong Benders cuts for accelerating the convergence of Benders Decomposition (BD) when solving the network-constrained generation unit commitment (NCUC) problem. In NCUC, dc transmission network evaluation subproblems are highly degenerate, which would lead to many dual optimal solutions. Furthermore, the classical BD cuts are often low-density which involve only a limited number of decision variables in the master problem. Therefore, the dual optimal solutions and the corresponding Benders cuts are of crucial importance for improving the efficiency of the BD algorithm. The proposed method would generate multiple strong Benders cuts, which are pareto optimal, among candidates from multiple dual optimal solutions. Such cuts would be high-density in comparison with low-density cuts produced by the classical BD. The proposed multiple strong Benders cuts are efficient in terms of reducing the total iteration number and the overall computing time. The high-density cuts may restrict the feasible region of the master unit commitment (UC) problem in each iteration as they incorporate more decision variables in each Benders cut. The multiple strong Benders cuts would accordingly reduce the iteration number and overall computing time. Numerical tests demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed multiple strong Benders cuts method in comparison with the classical BD algorithm and the linear sensitivity factors (LSF) method. The proposed method can be extended to other applications of BD for solving the large-scale optimization problems in power systems operation, maintenance, and planning.

Development of Automatic Transferring Motor Driver for a Two-Motors-Driven Electrical Scooter

We developed to have an automatic transferring function of a two-motors-driven electrical scooter for women or seniors to use conveniently it since it has been previously to operate it in manual only. The function would be implemented by using master and slave micro-control units(MCU) in the system with the given input and output signals. The simulation and test of the system results show that the transition conditions of either higher accelerating speed and/or higher torque are demonstrated at the worst conditions, which means that the transition points might be set either at the 70% of accelerating speed or from the 100% of load torque. The developed equipment is very useful and has good performance in the real test and would be used for top brand and might be applicable to any other types of green cars.

A wireless sensor network for precision viticulture: The NAV system

In the last decade, wireless technologies have been increasingly applied in precision agriculture. Wireless monitoring systems in particular have been used in precision viticulture in order to understand vineyard variability, and therefore suggest appropriate management practices for improving the quality of the wines. The NAV (Network Avanzato per il Vigneto – Advanced Vineyard Network) system is a wireless sensor network designed and developed with the aim of remote real-time monitoring and collecting of micro-meteorological parameters in a vineyard. The system includes a base agrometeorological station (Master Unit) and a series of peripheral wireless nodes (Slave Units) located in the vineyard. The Master Unit is a typical single point monitoring station placed outside the vineyard in a representative site to collect agrometeorological data. It utilizes a wireless technology for data communication and transmission with the Slave Units and remote central server. The Slave Units are multiple stations placed in the vineyard and equipped with agrometeorological sensors for site-specific environmental monitoring, which store and transmit data to the Master Unit. Software was developed for setup and configuration functionality. A graphical user interface operating on the remote central server was implemented to collect and process data and provide real-time control. The devices were tested in a three-step process: hardware functionality and data acquisition, energy consumption and communication. The NAV system is a complete monitoring system that gave flexibility for planning and installation, which fully responded to the objectives of the work in terms of energy efficiency and performance.

Audio receiving system

A system is provided for receiving audio signals from a plurality of microphones and transferring the audio signals via a common composite signal channel to a receiving unit, such as a mixing console. The system has at least two satellite units, each having a microphone signal input, a composite signal channel input and summing means for summing a microphone signal and a composite signal. The system further has a master unit with a composite signal channel input, and signal converting means for converting said composite signal into a master signal, which is provided to the receiving unit via a master signal output. In the system, each satellite unit is connected to the common composite signal channel, such that the microphone signal received at the respective satellite unit, is added to the composite signal, which is fed to the master unit. A satellite unit and a master unit for use in the system are also disclosed, as well as a method for receiving audio signals from a plurality of microphones and transferring the audio signals to a receiving unit via a common signal channel, such as a mixing console.

Standardisation of near Infrared Spectrometers: Evaluation of Some Common Techniques for Intra- and Inter-Brand Calibration Transfer

Six standardisation methods (direct standardisation, piecewise direct standardisation, robust standardisation, slope and bias and bias only post regression correction and no standardisation or spectral pre-treatment only) were compared for the transfer of whole soybean protein, oil and linolenic acid models. Two Foss Infratec and two Bruins OmegAnalyzerGs instruments were used to evaluate the standardisation methods in intra- and inter-brand scenarios. Each instrument was calibrated on its own calibration set for comparison. Partial least squares was used to develop all models. For each brand, a master was selected and the calibrations developed on it were transferred to the secondary unit of its own network (intra-brand transfer) and to the two units of the other brand (inter-brand transfer). Foss Infratec models were transferable to Bruins OmegAnalyzerG units with a similar or better precision than when all instruments were calibrated on their own calibration sets and vice versa. Optical standardisation methods (techniques that modify spectra of secondary units to match those of the master unit) performed significantly poorer than other methods. Other techniques provided similar results. Pre-processing of the spectra with or without simple treatment of the predictions was sufficient to erase absorption differences and wavelength shifts.

Reliability and Profit Evaluation of a PLC Hot Standby System Based on a Master-Slave Concept and Two Types of Repair Facilities

Programmable Logic Controllers (PLC) are frequently used by a good number of companies like steel plants, biscuit manufacturing companies, etc. Various plants/companies use two PLC at a time: one operative, and the other as a hot standby to avoid big losses. Analysis of the reliability, and profit of a hot standby PLC system is of great importance; and hence the present paper examines such a system wherein two PLC are working in master-slave fashion. Initially, the master unit is operative, and the slave unit is in hot standby. The slave unit can also fail, but with a lower failure rate than the master unit. The master unit has the priority of operation ∓mp;mp;mp;mp;mp;mp;mp;mp;mp;mp;mp;mp;mp;mp;mp;mp;mp;mp;mp;mp;mp;mp;mp;mp;mp;mp;mp;mp;mp;mp;mp;mp;mp;mp;mp;mp;mp;mp;mp;mp;mp;mp;mp;mp;mp;mp;mp;mp; repair over the slave unit. While operating, the latest information from the master unit keeps on transferring to the slave unit. There are three types of failure: minor, major-repairable, and major-irreparable. The ordinary repairman who stays with the system repairs the minor failures. The expert repairman who is available upon demand repairs the major failures. Various measures of the system effectiveness, such as the mean time to system failure, steady-state availability, busy period of the ordinary as well as expert repairmen, expected number of replacements, etc. are obtained by using semi-Markov processes, and regenerative point Techniques. Profit incurred to the system is evaluated, and a graphical study is also made. Real data from an industrial application is used in this study.

Security Manager - Key to Restrict the Attacks in Bluetooth

Bluetooth is the technology that utilizes radio frequency waves as a way to communicate wirelessly between digital devices. The Bluetooth user has the choice of point-to-point or point-to-multipoint links whereby communication can be held between two devices, or up to eight. When devices are communicating with each other they are known as piconet, and each device is designated as a master unit or slave unit, usually depending on who initiates the connection. However, both devices have the potential to be either a master or a slave. We have given the analysis of denial of service attack in the bluetooth technology. And describe the proposed solution for this attack by the use of security manager.

Master–Slave Control of a Teleoperated Anthropomorphic Robotic Arm With Gripping Force Sensing

This paper details the design and development of a low-cost control rig to intuitively manipulate an anthropomorphic robotic arm using a bilateral master-slave control methodology. Special emphasis has been given to the ease of operation and some form of force sensation. The control rig is fitted to the user's arm, and the forces exerted by the robotic arm's various joints are fed back to the user. Of special significance is the force feedback from the slave when its gripper is in contact with a real object. Several methods of force sensing have been explored and detailed. The effectiveness of the proposed method is confirmed by experiments on a commercially available robotic arm, which is controlled by a prototype three-axis master unit. The robotic arm mimics the dexterity of the human hand, wrist, and fingers. The proposed master control unit is cost effective and will have wide-ranging applications in the fields of medicine, manufacturing, security, extreme environment, entertainment, and remotely operated vehicle teleoperation in undersea recovery or extraterrestrial exploration vehicle

High-Quality Power Generation Through Distributed Control of a Power Park Microgrid

Inverters are a necessary interface for several forms of distributed generation (DG) and where they form a microgrid they have the potential to offer high power quality. The challenge is to coordinate the actions of a group of inverters so that they offer the level of power quality known to be possible from fast local control of a single inverter. The case examined here is a power park of several inverter-based DG in relatively close proximity. A basic requirement is that the inverters regulate the grid voltage and share the real and reactive power demands according to their ratings. In small girds with high proportions of nonlinear and unbalanced loads it is also important to actively control the waveform quality in terms of harmonics, transient disturbances, and balance. Further, it is important that these duties are shared equally between the units rather than having one master unit taking the lead in the voltage control function. A constraint faced in designing a sharing system is the limited bandwidth of signal communication even over distances of a few meters. A control method is proposed that separates the control tasks in the frequency domain. Power sharing and voltage regulation are controlled centrally and commands are distributed through a low-bandwidth communication link. Waveform quality functions are controlled in high bandwidth controllers distributed to each local inverter. Experimental tests on a grid of three 10-kVA inverters are used to show that the method fully exploits the inherent fast response of the inverters while also ensuring voltage balance even with extreme load imbalance. It is shown that circulating currents are avoided during steady state and transients.

Microsurgical robotic system for the deep surgical field: development of a prototype and feasibility studies in animal and cadaveric models

To enhance the surgeon's dexterity and maneuverability in the deep surgical field, the authors developed a master-slave microsurgical robotic system. This concept and the results of preliminary experiments are reported in this paper. The system has a master control unit, which conveys motion commands in six degrees of freedom (X, Y, and Z directions; rotation; tip flexion; and grasping) to two arms. The slave manipulator has a hanging base with an additional six degrees of freedom; it holds a motorized operating unit with two manipulators (5 mm in diameter, 18 cm in length). The accuracy of the prototype in both shallow and deep surgical fields was compared with routine freehand microsurgery. Closure of a partial arteriotomy and complete end-to-end anastomosis of the carotid artery (CA) in the deep operative field were performed in 20 Wistar rats. Three routine surgical procedures were also performed in cadavers. The accuracy of pointing with the nondominant hand in the deep surgical field was significantly improved through the use of robotics. The authors successfully closed the partial arteriotomy and completely anastomosed the rat CAs in the deep surgical field. The time needed for stitching was significantly shortened over the course of the first 10 rat experiments. The robotic instruments also moved satisfactorily in cadavers, but the manipulators still need to be smaller to fit into the narrow intracranial space. Computer-controlled surgical manipulation will be an important tool for neurosurgery, and preliminary experiments involving this robotic system demonstrate its promising maneuverability.

Transfer Alignment for Space Vehicles Launched from a Moving Base

Alignment of the inertial measurement unit (IMU) is a prerequisite for any space vehicle with self-contained navigation and guidance for any mission-critical application. Normally, inertial measurement unit is aligned through gyro-compassing using the stored data for heading. In case of launch from a moving base, it is essential to align the inertial measurement unit in the vehicle (slave unit) with that mounted on the moving platform (master unit). The master inertial navigation system is more accurate, stable, and calibrated wrt the slave unit. An error propagation system involving the misalignment between the master and the slave has been formulated involving the three misalignment angles, three velocity errors, and three positional errors. The manoeuvre of the moving base excites the sensors of both the master and the slave inertial navigation systems for the generation of data to be used in aligning the slave inertial measurement unit of the inertial navigation system (strapdown mode). The entire duration of manoeuvre has to be reduced to a minimum with minimum effort of manoeuvre. This involves the deployment of an adaptive estimator and a linear quadratic Gaussian regulator for alignment of the strapdown slave inertial navigation system.

Spiking dynamics of interacting oscillatory neurons

Spiking sequences emerging from dynamical interaction in a pair of oscillatory neurons are investigated theoretically and experimentally. The model comprises two unidirectionally coupled FitzHugh-Nagumo units with modified excitability (MFHN). The first (master) unit exhibits a periodic spike sequence with a certain frequency. The second (slave) unit is in its excitable mode and responds on the input signal with a complex (chaotic) spike trains. We analyze the dynamic mechanisms underlying different response behavior depending on interaction strength. Spiking phase maps describing the response dynamics are obtained. Complex phase locking and chaotic sequences are investigated. We show how the response spike trains can be effectively controlled by the interaction parameter and discuss the problem of neuronal information encoding.

Application of smart sensors in the measurement of soil physical parameters

The study presents the project and partial implementation of a modern monitoring system for the measurement of soil physical parameters. It is provided with smart sensors equipped with signal conversion electronics, individual identification and communication means decreasing the complexity of the measurement system and also the measurement errors that can appear during analog signal transmission along the cables from the sensors to the measuring unit. The applied wireless communication system operates in the 433MHz ISM (Industrial, Scientific, Medical) licence free frequency band for transmission of commands and data between a remote PC compatible computer (Master unit) and the smart sensors (Slave units) in the distance of several hundred meters. The presented partial implementation of the system measures the temperature at several locations in the soil profile in field conditions and communicates with the host PC computer in wireless way. The developed hardware and software is intended to be adapted to more complex monitoring systems working in compliance with IEEE 1451 smart transducer interface standard and covering large areas as an element of air-borne or satellite remote sensing and serve for ground reference measurements. It is shown that the currently available technical means enable to apply smart sensors and wireless communication in the environmental monitoring in the economically justified way. The small increase of the system price by providing the measuring smart sensors, already equipped some element of control or computation, with radio communication assures the decrease of measurement errors and makes the collection of environmental data convenient for the system operator.