Master Scheme Research Articles

What shapes student intentions? The interplay between policy, social and personal factors in postgraduate education

ABSTRACT The Master’s Loan Scheme in England was initially designed to support widening access to postgraduate education. However, the general increase in the average fees has posed a risk of reducing these schemes’ effectiveness in promoting social mobility, especially for debt adverse students. We use a multidisciplinary framework to build a model of postgraduate intentions to review the Fast Forward (FF) Master Scheme at the University of Greenwich in the UK. This framework underpinned the development of an online survey for this observational study. The results suggest that the FF allowed some graduates who, without the FF intervention, would have disregarded undertaking postgraduate taught studies (PGT) to consider studying for a PGT degree. Many of these graduates are from previously under-represented communities in the sector. We found that financial concerns could deter some students, but the intervention design allowed students to consider PGT study when they had a positive undergraduate experience. Alleviating the credit constraint may not be enough to widen access at the PGT level. Better information about PGT courses, more flexible delivery of PGT, and employment support, such as mentorship and work experience, and social and personal factors considerations could help widen access to PGT studies.

Proactive eviction of flow entry for SDN based on hidden Markov model

With the fast development of software defined network (SDN), numerous researches have been conducted for maximizing the performance of SDN. Currently, flow tables are utilized in OpenFlows witch for routing. Due to the space limitation of flow table and switch capacity, various issues exist in dealing with the flows. The existing schemes typically employ reactive approach such that the selection of evicted entries occurs when timeout or table miss occurs. In this paper a proactive approach is proposed based on the prediction of the probability of matching of the entries. Here eviction occurs proactively when the utilization of flow table exceeds a threshold, and the flow entry of the lowest matching probability is evicted. The matching probability is estimated using hidden Markov model (HMM). Computersimulation reveals that it significantly enhances the prediction accuracy and decreases the number of table misses compared to the standard Hard timeout scheme and Flow master scheme.

Methods for pixel domain correction of EB leakage

In observation of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) polarization, "$EB$~leakage" refers to the artificial $B$-mode signal coming from the leakage of $E$-mode signal when part of the sky is unavailable or excluded. Correction of such leakage is one of the preconditions for detecting primordial gravitational waves via the CMB $B$-mode signal. In this work, we design two independent methods for correcting the $EB$~leakage directly in the pixel domain using standard definitions of the $E$- and $B$-modes. The two methods give consistent results, and both are fast and easy to implement. Tests on a CMB simulation containing zero initial $B$-mode show an efficient suppression of the $EB$ leakage. When combined with the MASTER method to reconstruct the full-sky $B$-mode spectrum in simulations with a relatively simple mask, the error from EB-leakage is suppressed further by more than one order of magnitude at the recombination bump, and up to three orders of magnitude at higher multipoles, compared to a "pure" MASTER scheme under the same conditions. Meanwhile, although the final power spectrum estimation benefits from apodization, the pixel domain correction itself is done without apodization, and thus the methods offer more freedom in choosing an apodization based on specific requirements.

Anonymous hierarchical identity-based encryption with bounded leakage resilience and its application

Hierarchical identity-based encryption can be used to protect the sensitive data in cloud system. However, as the traditional security model does not capture side-channel attacks, many hierarchical identity-based encryption schemes do not resist this kind of attack, which can exploit various forms of unintended information leakage. Inspired by these, leakage-resilience cryptography formalises some models of side-channel attacks. In this paper, we consider the memory leakage resilience in anonymous hierarchical identity-based encryption schemes. By applying Lewko et al.'s tools, we construct a master key leakage-resilient anonymous hierarchical identity-based encryption scheme based on dual system encryption techniques. As an interesting application of our scheme, we consider security for public-key encryption with multi-keyword ranked search (PEMKRS) in the presence of secret key leakage in the trapdoor generation algorithm, and provide a generic construction of leakage-resilient secure PEMKRS from a master key leakage-resilient anonymous hierarchical identity-based encryption scheme.

Geo-Ecological Risks and Implementation of Master Scheme for Gas Industry Development

The aim of the given paper is to consider the possibilities of geo-ecological risks in the areas of gas production and to show the implementation of Master Scheme for Gas Industry Development. Methodological approaches to man- agement of the risks in Master Plan as well risk assessment in gas industry development scenarios are validated.

Critical multi-level governance issues of integrated modelling: An example of low-water management in the Adour-Garonne basin (France)

This paper presents the experience gained related to the development of an integrated simulation model of water policy. Within this context, we analyze particular difficulties raised by the inclusion of multi-level governance that assigns the responsibility of individual or collective decision-making to a variety of actors, regarding measures of which the implementation has significant effects toward the sustainability of socio-hydrosystems. Multi-level governance procedures are compared with the potential of model-based impact assessment. Our discussion is illustrated on the basis of the exploitation of the multi-agent platform MAELIA dedicated to the simulation of social, economic and environmental impacts of low-water management in a context of climate and regulatory changes. We focus on three major decision-making processes occurring in the Adour-Garonne basin, France: (i) the participatory development of the Master Scheme for Water Planning and Management (SDAGE) under the auspices of the Water Agency; (ii) the publication of water use restrictions in situations of water scarcity; and (iii) the determination of the abstraction volumes for irrigation and their allocation. The MAELIA platform explicitly takes into account the mode of decision-making when it is framed by a procedure set beforehand, focusing on the actors’ participation and on the nature and parameters of the measures to be implemented. It is observed that in some water organizations decision-making follows patterns that can be represented as rule-based actions triggered by thresholds of resource states. When decisions are resulting from individual choice, endowing virtual agents with bounded rationality allows us to reproduce (in silico) their behavior and decisions in a reliable way. However, the negotiation processes taking place during the period of time simulated by the models in arenas of collective choices are not all reproducible. Outcomes of some collective decisions are very little or not at all predictable. The development and simulation of a priori policy scenarios capturing the most plausible or interesting outcomes of such collective decisions on measures for low-water management allows these difficulties to be overcome. The building of these kind of scenarios requires close collaboration between researchers and stakeholders involved in arenas of collective choice, and implies the integration of the production of model and the analysis of scenarios as one component of the polycentric political process of water management.

IT, TV and Time Displacement: What Alexander Szalai Anticipated but Couldn’t Know

IT, TV and Time Displacement: What Alexander Szalai Anticipated but Couldn’t Know

Whose German? Whose English? German Studies as Cultural Translation

In his contribution to Forum Studies and Globalization in Quarterly 78.2 (2005), Frank Trommler warns against a globalization of Studies that conceals its linguistic origins. Citing Jonathan Arac's concern about the diminishment of language-based criticism in favor of a monolingual master scheme(Arac cited in Trommler, 241), Trommler argues that a transnational mode of writing strongly shaped by English language does not do justice to particularity of cultural experience. His concern rejoins topic of other Forum much in Studies? addressed by Margit Sinka and William Donahue in Quarterly 78.4 (2005). I would like to respond here to both topics, for I see them as intimately related. question of how much should be used in Studies courses and whether content might be more profitably taught in English is an age-old debate in our field. This debate is prompted only in part by low enrollments and need to attract to our programs students with no proficiency in German. It also reflects a neoplatonic belief that language is but a transparent conduit for expression of ideas. Ideas, not language, are thought to have priority in content courses. And, notwithstanding a venerable tradition of linguistic relativity that started with Herder and von Humboldt, belief is widespread among American Germanists that ideas in Studies can be equally well expressed in English. Both language studies and cultural studies are involved in this debate. Language teachers, who feel responsible for helping their students develop usable language skills in meaningful communicative situations, naturally would like to see content courses taught in German, as would some upper-division students, especially if they have just returned from studying abroad. Cultural studies instructors, who see their role as discussing complex ideas, either do not feel linguistically up to task, if they are not native speakers of German, or, if they are native speakers, they believe that American students cannot possibly express in more subtle nuances of their (English) thoughts. Thus it is often felt that readings and term papers in upper-division literary or cultural studies courses should best be discussed in English. Advocates of using have focused on how use of in classroom can provide opportunities for advanced language practice, i.e., for increasing students' language communicative proficiency. But, to borrow Sapir's phrase: The worlds in which different societies live are distinct worlds, not merely same world with different labels attached (69). debate has not focused on best way to enhance students' understanding of link between words and German worlds, between forms of language and worldviews of those who utter these words. It has not considered relationship of patterns of language and patterns of thought, of language structures and social structure. For example: How does a speaker's utterances express and construct cultural values prevalent in his/her society or community? How does a writer's style bespeak social norms and generic conventions of a given group of writers, be they located in Berlin-Kreuzberg, Heidelberg, Zurich, Vienna, Cleveland, or on internet? How do concepts associated with such cultural topics as Multikulturalismus, Bildung/Erziehuttg, Meinungsfreiheit, Toleranz, Democratie translate or not translate into American English? Where are areas of convergence/divergence? These and other questions are directly related to language-culture nexus in Studies. This nexus used to be taught in translation courses and in close reading of texts. In these courses, whether language of instruction was English or German, words were analyzed and weighed for their multiple denotations and connotations, deictic positionings of their speakers/writers, illocutionary force of their speech acts, their metaphors and rhetorical figures, their intertextual resonances, and for what they revealed about social and historical contexts in which they were uttered. …

Multi-switching synchronization of chaotic systems with active controllers

This paper reports the results of an investigation of the multi-switching synchronization of coupled chaotic systems via active controls. The synchronization is achieved with the slave–master scheme, and it is extended to investigate the synchronization problems with different combinations of slave states with master systems. The different active controller are designed for the chosen slave system states to be synchronized with the target master system states. The multi-switching synchronization of Lorenz system is considered. Numerical simulations are provided for illustration and verification of the proposed method.

A power-aware master and bridge scheduling scheme for bluetooth scatternets

We propose an intra-piconet and inter-piconet scheduling scheme for Bluetooth in which a master assigns priority to each slave based on its packet arrival rate, available buffer space and the number of messages stored in the master buffer for that slave. The number of times a particular slave is polled by its master in succession is dependent on the assigned priority. The slaves know the polling sequence in advance and go to a power-saving mode during the intervening time interval. For bridge scheduling, a bridge is assigned to each piconet for a quantum of time that is determined by the inter-piconet traffic. We compare performance of the proposed scheme with other existing methods by simulation studies.

Synchronization of the unified chaotic systems via active control

This paper investigates the synchronization of coupled unified chaotic systems via active control. The synchronization is given in the slave–master scheme and the controller ensures that the states of the controlled chaotic slave system exponentially synchronize with the state of the master system. Numerical simulations are provided for illustration and verification of the proposed method.

Strategic Master Scheme for a Hydro-Meteorological Network in the Mekong River Basin

Strategic Master Scheme for a Hydro-Meteorological Network in the Mekong River Basin

Robotized rectifier bridge assembly incorporating diode classification and dependable positioning

The rectifier bridge circuit consists of four rectifier diodes and four wire leads. The silicon diodes are quadratic in shape with a barrel-like cross-section. These diodes are rubber-edge coated for protection, but this characteristic hinders automatic transport and manipulation. The four diodes must be precisely positioned to ensure correct polarities, and must strictly account for the classification of the voltage range into quality classes composed of 3–7 levels. The assembly of rectifier bridges requires precise positioning to within ±0.05 mm. Because of labor shortages and quality variation characteristic of manually assembled bridges, robotized assembly was selected. All other alternatives were disregarded because of higher costs on the limited flexibility of automation equipment. The Seiko robot model RT 2000 was chosen for its high speed (1 s manipulation time for one diode), and for its high precision of positioning (± 0.05 mm.) The robot was equipped with vacuum gripper constructed in-house. The gripper contains a sensor for diode measurements and presence detection, as well as a control for blowing off dioded which might stick to the gripper. Before bridge-assembly, the diodes are stored in 16 × 58 matrix pallets to ensure that during the pick-up contact time of nearly 70 ms, automatic electronic testing is performed and repeated three times. This assures reliable results despite the presence of noise and industrial radio-magnetic hum. The diodes are assembled in special pallets containing 80 bridges (20 × 4) with pre-inserted lead wires. This work cell built around the robots serves five storage pallets at once, and there is one 40-min run, in which about 400 bridges are assembled. The robot controller works with the automatic tester based on the diode-classification microprocessor. This configuration allows for a complete statistical tally of all the diodes manipulated in a working day. The algorithm controlling the manipulation process involves the automatic generation of free positions for the diode tested in terms of the polarity, electronic parameter classification, and recent position in a bridge. The pick-up positions are selected by the program using a master scheme, with software options to account for empty positions and unsuccessfully retrieved diodes. These diodes activaté the gripper sensor, which in turn signals the robot controller to continue to the next pick-up position. In this manner, manipulation is made smoother, and time is saved. The method for determining vacant positions in the rectifier bridge pallets is also relevant. By using expert calculations, all the assembled locations of bridges (four diodes with two polarities) are erased at each step; only for vacant positions is the location saved. When a new vacant position is required, the algorithm for calculating the next position is activated.

Essai sur les clivages et les formations politiques haïtiennes

This article develops the hypothesis that the Haitian political formations, being constituted either from the social democratic doctrine, which, I show, is irrelevant for the countries in the capitalist periphery and above all for Haiti, or from the marxist doctrine, which, in the Haitian social sciences, is an abstract master scheme, tend to be factionned on the basis of the traditional political cleavages: land property, skin color and regionalism. The dependent nature of the economy in the periphery tends to shift the balance of power between capital and labor in favor of the international capitalist class. This situation prevents social policies that characterize a social democratic regime. Haitian marxism has failed to provide operational concepts for an empirical analysis of the factors which affect the articulation and the mobilization power of the political formations. In this context, the traditional cleavages, which tend to present an overlapping structure, remain the key factors in the formatio...

The Kondratieff Wave

T HERE IS NO DENYING the fact that the past several years in the American marketplace have been confusing and frustrating. Marketers have had to cope with rapid expansion and equally rapid contractions of business activity, while the Federal Reserve Board and U.S. Government have employed stop-go monetary and fiscal policies. Consumers are left with declining real incomes as inflation remains high and unemployment refuses to go down, undercutting their credit worthiness and further dampening their already sagging confidence, which in turn is translated into anemic sales for autos, new homes, home furnishings, leisure products, steel, aluminum, textiles, etc. Yet in the face of underutilization of manpower and capital, the consumer, industrial, and commodity price indices continue to inflate. On top of these contradictory events, marketers are treated to conflicting advice: one year they are advised to demarket in a period of shortages (hyper-expansion); the next year they are told about how to market during a recession (hyper-contraction).* If the market watchers and advisors are not as confused as the businessmen, they nevertheless do appear to contradict themselves with alarming speed and alacrity. Marketers, and the rest of us, seem to be in need of some handle, some scheme of things, to help them sort out the permanent trends from the transitory events-something that may help make sense out of where we are and where we may be going. This something need not be the master scheme, but to be useful it should provide us with a fairly comprehensive understanding of basic trends and at least make reasonable sense out of where we stand and what we may expect: this is a cyclic theory, the 54-year Kondratieff Wave.2 The gist of the Kondratieff thesis is succinct: the U.S. economy is in a secular decline. We recently passed the crest of the 54-year wave, and we are now going downward and will continue to go downward for two to three decades.

Thalamic neuron theory: A hypothesis concerning pain and acupuncture

A new theory is proposed to explain various pain phenomena hitherto unexplainable. It is hypothesized that neurons in the thalamic region are responsible for the generation of most pain, particularly in chronic pain states. It is also hypothesized that the thalamic neurons are organized according to a master scheme representing a homunculus in the fetal position. Various painful conditions and the treatments of them including the trigger points phenomena, neurosurgical techniques, acupuncture and acupuncture anesthesia can be explained on this basis.

Scientific fundamentals and ways of realization of the general scheme of population distribution in the USSR

The paper describes the current stage of transformation of the residential distribution system in the USSR, the state policy in the field of urban development, the tasks facing Soviet architects and the way to their solution. The state policy in the field of residential distribution and urban development provides for: the systematic and scientifically substantiated distribution of production and human settlements on the basis of coordinated development and distribution of productive forces and the perfecting of the systems of residential distribution; the utilization, improvement and protection of landscape; the restriction of the growth of very large cities and development of the network of small and medium towns; the transformation of villages into modern well-organized settlements of the collective and state farms and the elimination of the existing distinctions between town and country; the regular development and distribution of towns and settlements in different geographical zones and most favourable natural-and-economic regions of the USSR; the overcoming of irregular population distribution in the European and Asiatic parts of the USSR; the formation of group-systems of human settlements on the basis of big urban agglomerations and territorial-industrial complexes; the development of new territories through land improvement. Basic attention in the report is paid to the consideration of the master scheme of residential distribution in the USSR, its scientific fundamentals, main purposes and tasks. The analysis of the decisive factors and of the main trends of the development of the systems of human settlements for a long-term perspective is given. The master scheme of residential distribution contemplates the systematic development on the USSR territory of different human settlements contributing, to a maximum degree, to the achievement of the objectives of socialist construction, to the creation of most favourable conditions for the people's work, life and rest, to the development and intensification of social production taking into account objective tendencies of urbanization and the effective use of forecasted urban development resources. The realization of the master scheme of residential distribution will allow to fully take into account the economic, ecological and demographic requirements in the elaboration and realization of the plans of development of production and residential distribution aimed at the rise of the living standard of the Soviet people.

Joseph Chamberlain and the Jameson Raid: a Bibliographical Survey

Joseph Chamberlain, British Colonial Secretary from 1895 to 1903 in the Salisbury administration, remains a subject of controversy for historians largely because of his role in the Jameson Raid. Just as his contemporary protagonists and antagonists, known as Unionists and pro-Boers, marshalled official and unofficial documents to support their cases, so have historians of recent times. There is a difference, however, between the historians writing in Chamberlain's era and those whose work is of recent date. At the turn of the century historians and polemicists had to depend upon official Blue Books and popular sources, while recent historians have had access to more extensive forms of evidence, such as personal letters and memoirs, edited and unedited diaries, and unexpurgated governmental records. Access to original sources, although it has not resolved differences in interpretation, has enabled Jean van der Poel to construct a good case for Joseph Chamberlain's complicity in the Jameson Raid. Van der Poel defines complicity as Chamberlain's foreknowledge of, failure to stop, and alleged advice in favor of the Johannesburg uprising and the Rhodes-Jameson plan, which she argues were integral parts of the same master scheme that set off the Raid. Similarly, historians of the earlier period, although precluded by lack of evidence from asking all of Van der Poel's questions and although not inclined to link the Raid and uprising into a single master plan, did, with few exceptions, address themselves to the question of Chamberlain's responsibility as an accomplice of the Raid and uprising.