Mass Survey Research Articles

Religiousness and its interpretation: variety of sociological measurement methods

The article presents an overview of studies on the sociological dimension of the phenomenon of religiosity in modern society. At the moment, as experts in the field of the sociology of religion note, methodological disputes regarding the measurement of the level and degree of religiosity of the population continue quite actively. Among the approaches to studying the religiosity of the population, there are both multidimensional and one-dimensional conceptual models. Within the multidimensional approach, religiosity is represented by a set of characteristics that describe this category. At the same time, researchers who use a multidimensional approach as part of their theoretical constructions have not yet reached a consensus on exactly what indicators can be used to describe the concept of "religiosity". In most cases, the authors measure religiosity based on such characteristics as faith, rituals and practices, as well as knowledge within a particular religious doctrine. Applied domestic research is based on indicators of both religious consciousness and religious behavior in the process of determining the level and degree of religiosity of both the population as a whole and social groups in particular. Also, the phenomenon of religiosity is studied from the standpoint of subjective indicators of respondents' self-identification, their personal interpretation of their religious consciousness, and from the point of view of the level of respondents' religious activity. The issue of religious self-identification in mass surveys is still debatable and requires more careful empirical substantiation in further research.

Sources of Protest Moods among Students (Based on the Materials of a Sociological Study in the Altai Territory)

The subject of the study is the sources of protest moods of modern student youth. The research interest in protest moods is due to the fact that they are a latent stage of open protest actions, and their study provides an opportunity to regulate open protest: reducing its negative effects and increasing the positive ones. This article pays special attention to such a social group as youth. This is due to the fact that it is young people who are most often the main participants in protest actions due to their more acute perception of the imperfections of society and inflated expectations from themselves and others. The novelty of the study was to understand protest moods as one of the stages of the development of social protest. A methodology was developed and a sociological study was conducted among students of the Altai Territory, the purpose of which was to characterize the main sources of protest moods in the student environment. The research was implemented through a combination of quantitative (mass survey) and qualitative (in-depth interview and focus group) methods of collecting, processing and analyzing sociological information. The main conclusions of the study were the understanding of the sources of protest moods in the student environment as a combination of a number of factors: the conditions of the learning environment, relationships with the external environment, as well as the socio-economic and political situation in the state

SYSTEM OF VALUES IN THE LANGUAGE OF MODERN UKRAINIAN TEENAGER

Introduction. Comparison of the results of mass surveys in 2006 and 2017 shows the dynamics of the language situation in Ukraine due to the change of views on the function and usage of language itself. These changes give grounds for the conclusion about the “lag” of language policy measures from the attitudes of society, especially in the introduction of language regime in schools, the mandatory use of the Ukrainian language as official one in extracurricular activities, the possession of it by all teachers and heads of Ukrainian educational establishments.Purpose. To reveal the means of the realization of values in the language of modern Ukrainian teenager.Methods. The research is based on the analysis of adolescents' comments to the open questions of the sociolinguistic questionnaire, which they filled in personally during the targeted survey: the questionnaire surveys were conducted in Kyiv, Zhytomyr, Bila Tserkva, Poltava,Cherkasy in the spring of 2014; 500 questionnaires were collected.Results. Analysis of the responses of adolescents shows that their attitude to the language is determined by common stereotypes in the public consciousness and that this attitude almost does not affect their speech behavior, which is determined, at the formal level, by school rules, and at informal – by generally accepted in the adolescent behavioral models. In the linguistic world-image of modern Ukrainian teenagers, native language concept is divided mainly into three components, namely: 1) the official language (the language of the state teenager lives in); 2) the language of the nation, historical and cultural heritage; 3) the language of family communication. Compared to adult speakers, teenagers do not correlate the concept of their native language with the functional first language.In the linguistic consciousness of adolescents, “native language” concept is often layered on the concept of “state language”. At the same time, teenagers express arguments that certify a tolerant attitude to linguistic diversity and understanding of the need to distinguish between the spheres of public and private communication. The attitude to language as one of the most important characteristics of the individual is common.The understanding of “native language” and “state language” concepts became clear when high school students answered the question about their linguistic rights in school.Conclusion. Language in the minds of young people refers to the undeniable values of individual and collective nature. In their own language behavior, students clearly distinguish official and unofficial styles of using their vocabulary.

Epidemiology of malaria and anemia in high and low malaria-endemic North-Eastern districts of India.

Anemia and malaria are the two major public health problems that lead to substantial morbidity and mortality. Malaria infection destroys erythrocytes, resulting in low hemoglobin (Hb) levels known as anemia. Here we report the determinants of anemia in high and low malaria-endemic areas that would help understand which parasite densities, age, and gender-associated low Hb levels. Therefore, a cross-sectional mass survey (n = 8,233) was conducted to screen anemia and malaria in high and low malaria-endemic districts (HMED and LMED) of North-East India. Axillary body temperature was measured using a digital thermometer. The prevalence of anemia was found to be 55.3% (4,547/8,233), of which 45.1% had mild (2,049/4,547), 52.1% moderate (2,367/4,547) and 2.9% had severe anemia (131/4,547). Among anemic, 70.8% (3,219/4,547) resided in LMED and the rest in HMED. The median age of the anemic population was 12 years (IQR: 7–30). Overall, malaria positivity was 8.9% (734/8,233), of which HMED shared 79.6% (584/734) and LMED 20.4% (150/734) malaria burden. The village-wise malaria frequency was concordant to asymptomatic malaria (10–20%), which showed that apparently all of the malaria cases were asymptomatic in HMED. LMED population had significantly lower Hb than HMED [standardized beta (β) = −0.067, p < 0.0001] and low-density Plasmodium infections had higher Hb levels than high-density infections (β = 0.113; p = 0.031). Women of reproductive age had higher odds for malaria (OR: 1.42; 95% CI: 1.00–2.05; p = 0.04). Females (β = −0.193; p < 0.0001) and febrile individuals (β = −0.029; p = 0.008) have shown lower Hb levels, but malaria positivity did not show any effect on Hb. Young children and women of reproductive age are prone to anemia and malaria. Although there was no relation between malaria with the occurrence of anemia, we found low-density Plasmodium infections, female gender, and LMED were potential determinants of Hb.

Unequal policy responsiveness in Spain

Abstract Major theories of democratic representation posit that elected officials ought to reflect the preferences of their constituents and act accordingly. But a growing body of research finds that the preferences of the most affluent influence policy outcomes more than those of the least affluent. Yet, broad studies of unequal policy responsiveness have so far only examined Northern Europe and the USA. This biased sample limits our ability both to generalize about unequal responsiveness and to build theories about its causes. We address these limitations by studying Spain, which differs from prior cases in important ways. We collected data from Spanish mass surveys fielded over the period 1976–2016 and researched which of these policies were subsequently approved. We find consistent evidence that policy responsiveness in Spain is unequal. We also find that this pattern holds regardless of the ideology of the government and the type of policy, although with some variation.

Prosocial practices of mortality interpretation: racial-anthropological and sociocultural aspects

Background. The perception of mortality is consistent with pro-social practices that determine social development. Combining the tools of racial-anthropological and sociocultural approaches makes it possible to identify the universal characteristics and interpretations of mortality in modern society.Aim of the study: identification of pro-social practices and specific interpretations of mortality through the unity and opposition of the racial-anthropological and socio-cultural aspects of social reproduction.Methods. A mass survey of the population of the Russian Federation (n = 1200) aged 18 to 65 living in different regions of the Russian Federation (55 % women, 45 % men) was conducted. A content analysis of media and Internet materials was performed to fix estimates of death and mortality in the Russian Federation over the past five years (n = 1456) in publications or informational messages.Results. The impact of the anthropological and sociocultural aspects was manifested through how and what people think about death, as well as how death exists in a social context. The personal-psychological context of the perception of death and mortality, the memorialization of places of death and the socio-economic and cultural-organizational practices of death determine the personal and social forms of interpretation of mortality. Content analysis of media materials and the Internet revealed a significant increase in the volume and frequency of attention to death and mortality. This is due to the situation with the pandemic, as well as the actualization of the fears of Russians about their well-being and social conditions for accepting and assessing death and mortality.Conclusion. Prosocial practices, being a personal experience of experiencing and a tool for social inclusion in acceptable norms of behavior, influence sociocultural meanings and anthropological conditions for the perception of mortality.

HuDA_COVID Human Disposition Analysis during COVID-19 using Machine Learning

Coronavirus has greatly impacted various aspects of human life, including human psychology &amp; human disposition. In this paper, we attempted to analyze the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on human health. We propose Human Disposition Analysis during COVID-19 using machine learning (HuDA_COVID), where factors such as age, employment, addiction, stress level are studied for human disposition analysis. A mass survey is conducted on individuals of various age groups, regions &amp; professions, and the methodology achieved varied accuracy ranges of 87.5% to 98%. The study shows people are worried about lockdown, work &amp; relationships. Furthermore, 23% of the respondents have not had any effect. 45% and 32% have had positive and negative effects, respectively. It is a novel study in human disposition analysis in COVID-19 where a novel weighted assignment indicating the health status is also proposed. HuDA_COVID clearly indicates a need for a methodical approach towards the human psychological needs to help the social organizations formulating holistic interventions for affected individuals.

Ways to solve the main problems of social protection of the low-income youth (on the example of the Penza Region)

The article considers the reasons for the social inequality of the poor youth and for the quality and standard of living of the low-income youth on the example of the Penza Region. The authors emphasize that the instability of the contemporary society especially affects the financial situation of young families - under uncertainty, it is difficult for them to maintain a decent lifestyle. The article aims at identifying the main problems in the system of social protection of the low-income youth at the regional level. The article is based on the results of the monitoring conducted in 2014, 2016, 2018 and 2020 to identify the main problems in the field of social protection of the low-income youth in the Penza Region. The authors used quantitative (mass survey) and qualitative (focus groups, expert interviews) methods and the data of the Federal State Statistics Service for the Penza Region. It turned out that the majority of low-income young people adhere to a passive strategy in terms of improving their income level and show dependent attitudes towards the state. The main problems of social protection of the youth in the Penza Region are a poor system for accepting documents to confirm the status of ‘low-income’ and providing social benefits to young people; the limited social-support programs for improving the quality of life of the younger generation; unjustified expectations of the youth from the current system of social protection. The revealed difficult financial situation of the youth in the region explains the need for a further study of the social protection system for the low-income youth in the Penza Region, in particular, of unequal access to socially oriented programs. The results of the study can be used for developing regional and municipal programs for the social protection of the low-income youth.

ЭТНИЧЕСКИЕ ПРОЦЕССЫ У «ВЕРХОВСКИХ» НЕГИДАЛЬЦЕВ

In the area named after Polina Osipenko of the Khabarovsk Territory, one of the two territorial groups of the Negidals lives — the "Verkhov" Negidals (the second group — the "Niz" — live lower at the mouth of the Amgun River, on the Amur). They make up about a third of the Negidals. In the autumn of 2021, the expedition conducted a study of modern ethnic processes among the Verkhovsky Negidals in the place of their maximum concentration — the village of Vladimirovka (more than half of all the Negidals of the region live in it). A mass survey was conducted with 100% coverage, 48 questionnaires were compiled. The article deals with demographic and migration processes, linguistic and ethno-cultural processes, national mixed marriages, miscegenation of Verkhovsky Negidals.

Эмоциональный маркетинг как инструмент повышения вовлеченности сотрудников и развития внутреннего бренда компании

The article discusses the concept of emotional marketing as a tool to increase employee engagement. The review of the situation on the market of innovatively active companies is carried out, dependencies and influence on the attitude of employees to companies and their internal brands are revealed. The data of mass and in-depth surveys of employees are presented and relevant conclusions are drawn on them. The typology of the audience of the internal brand of a foreign company leaving the Russian market is proposed. Strategic emotional directions in the development of internal branding in innovative and active companies are highlighted and tactical tools for working with the development of involvement in the internal brand are presented.

Investigation of Asymptomatic Malaria Transmission through Mass Surveillance Campaign in Gadchiroli, Maharashtra. 1

Gadchiroli district is majorly covered with forest, and most of the population is tribal, living in the vicinity of the forest. The district is located on the eastern side of Maharashtra. As per the 2011 India census, Gadchiroli recorded a total population of 10,71,795. Males constituted 51% of the population and females 49%. Approximately 11% of the population of Gadchiroli was under six years of age, and almost 90% of the child population stays in the rural part of Gadchiroli. Annual rainfall for the Gadchiroli district is approximately 1,000 mm in the monsoon season from June to September. Gadchiroli is a hotspot for malaria disease in Maharashtra. More than 50% of malaria cases in Maharashtra are observed in Gadchiroli. A special malaria campaign of mass survey for identification of active transmission is carried out in 15 malaria-sensitive PHCs in Gadchiroli from mid of February 2021 to the end of March 2021. About 76% population was tested by microscopic, and 11 % population was screened by Rapid Diagnostic Kit. A total of 164 asymptomatic malaria carriers were identified with 25% gametocytes. Identifying these asymptomatic transmissions followed by complete radical treatment towards malaria elimination is suggested.

The City in Theory and in Practice: Factors of Social Identity Formation of the Capital of Republic within the Russian Federation

Introduction. The paper is devoted to the theoretically and practically relevant issue of constructing the social identity of the administrative centers of the Russian republics, considered by the authors as one of the factors of positive regional self-identification of the population of the republics. The purpose of the article is, based on the materials of the study, to identify the specifics and factors in the formation of the capital’s identity of the republic within the Russian Federation on the example of Saransk (the Republic of Mordovia). Materials and Methods. The empirical basis of the article consists of the data of quantitative (mass survey of the population of Saransk, n = 443) and qualitative (2 focus groups) field studies carried out in November-December 2020, with the help of which specific features, main structural components and factors of formation of a positive metropolitan identity have been identified. Results. In the structure of the capital identity of the population of Saransk, the system-forming component is identification with the capital status of the city, indirectly based on identification with the status of Mordovia as a republic and its representations in the urban environment. The paper demonstrates that a positive identification with the republican capital is formed on the basis of not so much symbolic politics but factors that create urban identity in general, including economic success and the quality of the urban environment. Discussion and Conclusions. The authors conclude that the main limitations of the formation and maintenance of the capital identity of Saransk are associated with a shortage of urban identity in general, due to a low assessment of the state and prospects, a low level of self-organization at the place of residence and the rotation of the urban population in each generation, which forms the “transit city” identity for a part of the population. The basis of urban identity in Saransk, as in larger cities, is made up of networks of “weak ties”, but the quality of the urban environment, in the opinion of its residents, does not contribute to the formation and development of such contacts. On the basis of results of researches, the authors claim the necessity of studying of city activism for the cities which are not among largest, as an independent research problem.

«Digital Foresight» – educational practice with a collective work designer in a hybrid learning environment

Introduction. The article deals with the issues related to the aspects of methodological support of pedagogical activity in the digital educational environment and the organization of educational cooperation using the designer of collective work in the conditions of hybrid learning.Materials and Methods. The designer «Digital Foresight» is a set of cards for designing a lesson; when implementing training in a hybrid format, a symbiosis of already well-known and proven technologies becomes relevant: distance and e-learning, integration of elements of mixed learning; the method of generalizing pedagogical experience in remote, hybrid and mixed formats, as well as mass surveys of participants in the educational process.Results. The paper substantiates the relevance of the introduction of the technology of educational cooperation in the digital educational environment and the importance of organizing group work of teachers in a hybrid learning environment.Discussion and Conclusions. The materials of the article are aimed at updating the model of the methodological support system in conditions of uncertainty; the use of the designer in professional activity will increase the competence of the teacher in the field of digital technologies.

Rectifying Color Blindness by Graded Colored Filters

Significant number of men (5-8%) and a smaller number of women (about 0.4%) suffer from color perception deficiencies. This study introduces new computerized anomaloscope, new graded color filters to rectify color perception deficiencies based on quantitative analyses of the individual color sensitivity spectrum. This also reports mass survey of color blindness in 205,266 Chinese military candidates.

Motivation of volunteers involved in emergency situation response: results of a mass survey

This article being a continuation of the work published in the Bulletin of the Institute of Sociology (2021. Volume 12. No. 4) analyses the motivation of volunteers operating in emergency situations (ES). The participation of volunteers is seen as a real effective tool to help official services respond to emergencies (floods, fires, people missing in natural and urban environments). At the same time, the activity of volunteers is associated with physical and emotional stress, risks to life and health, and therefore it is important to know what motivates these people to get involved in this activity and stay in it for a long time. The authors show that this topic remains little studied in Russia.&#x0D; To search for the most adequate methodology for studying the motivations of Russian volunteers, the authors have analysed the existing theoretical approaches, as well as a number of qualitative and quantitative empirical studies on the relevant issues.&#x0D; The results of a mass survey conducted by the authors demonstrate that motives common in Russia are similar in meaning to the typology of motives proposed by E.G.Clary and M. Snyder. The most common motives are altruistic (the need for gratuitous help to people) and personal (characterised by the need of self-development). Russian volunteers most often receive symbolic rewards for their activities: diplomas, official gratitude, or the opportunity to participate in training seminars. At the same time, they note that they do not expect anything at all in return for their help. When choosing a volunteer organisation, volunteers most often focus on the range of problems this organisation deals with, as well as on the opportunity within this organisation to realise their own potential. The analysis also showed that almost half of the respondents once had thoughts of quitting volunteer activities, and first of all, due to emotional burnout. However, in their plans for 3–5 years, almost all respondents do not plan to stop volunteering. The results obtained are analysed from the standpoint of theories of motivation by A.Maslow, L.Hustinx and F. Lammertyn.

Особенности территориальной мобильности населения Якутии в условиях пандемии COVID-19

The article discusses the special characteristics of the territorial mobility of the population of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). Changes in the migration situation, structure of migration and migration activity of the population in different social and economic zones of the region in the context of the coronavirus pandemic are analyzed. The analysis shows that the peculiarities of distribution of productive forces and human resources in the labor market retain a fairly high potential for labor migration to the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) from the CIS countries and far abroad in the context of a pandemic, the share of arriving migrants indicating work among the reasons for migration continues to grow. The influence of socio-economic characteristics and urgent problems of the republic on the formation of migration activity and migration intentions of the population is considered. The article is based on the results of a mass survey in Yakutia (n=200). Analysis of the survey results shows that the features of territorial mobility, migration intentions of the population and absence of migration plans depend on the socio-economic conditions of residence, various factors of individual social status and position, and mobility resources. With mostly satisfactory assessments of the socio-economic situation in the republic and most factors of social life in the region, the respondents’ migration intentions are conditioned by low incomes and territorial specifics — remoteness from the central regions of the country, the high cost of air fares and harsh climatic conditions. In the pandemic conditions, the spatial mobility of the population, as one of the most important social resources of society, is most characteristic of the part of young people who have financial resources, unmarried, seeking better socio-economic and climatic conditions, to regions with better infrastructure, where they can get a decent job, quality education, medical services, recreation and leisure.

Dispersal and oviposition patterns of Lycorma delicatula (Hemiptera: Fulgoridae) during the oviposition period in Ailanthus altissima (Simaroubaceae)

The spotted lanternfly (SLF), Lycorma delicatula (Hemiptera: Fulgoridae), has the potential to become a global pest and is currently expanding its range in the United States. In this study, we investigated the dispersal patterns of SLF in Ailanthus altissima during its oviposition period in South Korea using a fluorescent marking system. Oviposition patterns of SLF were then analyzed by surveying egg masses in A. altissima patches. The recapture rate of fluorescent-marked SLF rapidly decreased to 30% within the first two weeks. During the oviposition period, seven cases of among-patch dispersal of SLF adults were observed. The minimum distance that SLF could have traveled to achieve these among-patch dispersal events ranged from 10 to 1740 m, with most events spanning under 60 m. Also, the number of A. altissima trees on which fluorescent marked SLF were detected increased until September. Based on the egg mass survey, a total of 159 egg masses were detected from 38 out of 247 A. altissima trees. Furthermore, 79.2% of egg masses were located < 2.5 m above the ground. Finally, a generalized linear mixed model showed that tree height and diameter at root collar (DRC) of A. altissima trees had significant effects on the number of egg masses.

IS CANCER SCREENING DURING WAR?

The problem of cancer during the war and after the end of hostilities in Ukraine will worsen. According to some estimates, cancer incidence and mortality in our country may exceed the pre-war level.&#x0D; Along with exposure to carcinogens, important factors that influence the development of cancer in people after the war are the massive demographic movements of the population, which increase the risk of transmission of oncogenic bacteria and viruses, such as Helicobacter pylori, Epstein-Barr virus, hepatitis B and C viruses and human papilloma virus. Sexually transmitted infections, including as a result of violence against civilians, occupy a special place in this series.&#x0D; Today in Ukraine there is not only an urgent need for oncological screening, but all the possibilities for this. Self-sampling technology for cervical cancer screening is indispensable and has no alternative. They allow for mass surveys of the population, refugees and displaced persons affected by hostilities, without diverting health care resources for this.&#x0D; The Qvintip test from the Swedish company Aprovix can be used not only to detect oncogenic human papillomavirus DNA strains, but also for PCR diagnosis of most sexually transmitted infections - bacterial vaginosis, candidiasis, gonorrhea, chlamydia, detection of trichomonas, ureaplasma, mycoplasma, treponema.&#x0D; Screening in Ukraine is financed by the non-governmental non-profit organization of the charitable Foundation "World Against Cancer", created in the first days of the war.

Transformation of mentality in the context of modernization tasks

The cultural organization of the Kazakh society is being modernized under the influence of the era of market dominance, liberalization, democratization, globalization. Modern Kazakhstan is undergoing systemic transformations, which since gaining independence appear as a permanent process that has covered all areas of life: socio-economic structure, stratification structure, moral and spiritual sphere. During the period of sovereignization, the mentality changes dynamically, representing a fusion of het- erogeneous aspirations, mutually exclusive preferences, and multidirectional behavioral strategies. All of them are determined by the processes of searching for new identities, including ideological ones. Its structure is the values that form the goals and ideals of life. The purpose of the work is to show the value matrix of the Kazakh mentality, to highlight the priority aspirations of mass consciousness in it, to measure the value preferences of various cohorts of the population, to identify problems and areas of risk of its development. The main means of achievement is the theoretical reconstruction of sociological measurements, which is based on the empirical basis of research conducted by the authors at the Insti- tute of Philosophy, Political Science and Religious Studies of the KN MES RK. The scientific significance of the work is associated with the identification of a new object of study (the newest Kazakh mentality), its factorial and deterministic analysis. The practical relevance coincides with the tasks of modernization of society, the implementation of the concept of New Kazakhstan, set before the scientific community. The article summarizes the results of the study of the worldview orientations of Kazakhstanis: the contour model of the value matrix of the mentality of Kazakhstanis is reconstructed based on a mass survey in 2021. The structure of values is analyzed in the context of priority and peripheral ideological aspirations and in projection on society, age, ethnic, socio-professional statuses. The authors, based on their own research, formulate conceptual conclusions, and offer specific scientific and practical recommendations that allow solving the tasks of modernization. The research results expand the subject area of domestic socio-humanitarianism, create the basis for comparative country studies, become criteria for measuring indicators of changes in connection with the tasks of transformation of Kazakh society. Key words: mentality, modernization, new Kazakhstan, socialization, value matrix.

Network audience of protest agenda in the Republic of Belarus in 2020–2021: digital portrait, motivation, and behavioural models

The article presents the study of the features of the protest and pro-government network audience involved in the Belarusian protest agenda in 2020–2021. The relevance of this topic is due to the similarity of the economic, social, and cultural space of the Republic of Belarus and the Russian Federation, which gives grounds to assume the interaction of unconventional Russian political actors with similar groups in our country. The research methodology is hybrid in nature and consists of cognitive mapping, automated social media analysis and in-depth interviews. The article presents the results obtained during the implementation of the developed methodology. As a prospect for this study, it should be noted the development of tools and a scheme for forming a sample population for conducting a mass survey to determine the ratio of the identified motivations and patterns of behaviour among supporters of protest and government.