Mass Screening Examination Research Articles

Mass-Screening Examination of Scoliosis in School Children

In 1977, the investigation of Scoliosis by mass-screening examination was carried out for 8880 school children from 6 to 15 years old in Yatsushiro City.(1) Congenital Scoliosis 1 case Idiopathic Scoliosis 81 case Total Scoliosis 82 case 0.92%(2) Structual Scoliosis 8 case 9.8% Transitional Scoliosis 11 case 13.4% Non-Structual Scoliosis 63 case 76.8%(3) Girls 64.6% Boys 35.4%(4) Thoracic curve 53.7% left type 43.2% right type 56.8%(5) Correlation of height and weight is negative.(6) Most patients with Scoliosis is thin.

Reappraisal of health questionnaire checking with Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory and Yatabe-Guilford Personality Inventory

Recently, concept and methodology of multiphasic mass screening examinations have developed and the need for application in school health practice has increased a great deal. Such being the case, the author felt the necessity to analyze the correlation between complaints expressed by subjective insight and the personalities investigated by psychological methods.Okayama Medical Index (O.M.I.) has been adopted as a health questionnaire, and those having many complaints, or those having little or no complaints according to this questionnaire were investigated by Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) and Yatabe-Guilford Personality Inventory (Y-G).The results were as follows:1. The students of senior high school were verified to be mentally healthy and suitiable as subjects for study purposes. The students of junior high school were not as suitable as examinees for MMPI testing.2. Those having little or no complaints by O.M.I. include persons of high score in Pa and Sc. Those having many complaints include persons of high score in neurotic scales such as Hs, Hy and Pt. Though persons of many complaints can be judged as neurotic, there is much doubt as to whether or not healthy persons with little or no complaints can be accurately evaluated.3. Those having little or no complaints by O. M. I. include many persons possessing high levels of social adaptability as well as emotional stability. On the contrary, those having many complaints included persons with low levels of social adaptability and emtional instability. However, it cannot be concluded that persons having little or no complaints are always mentally healthy. Further observation and investigation is required.4. The investigations of the author reveal that complaints as expressed by subjective insight correlate with personality characteristics.

産業における胃・十二指腸疾患対策の方式について

To search for a good medical care system for gastric and duodenal diseases in industry, mass screening examination system and out-patient clinic system were compared in terms of efficiencies for finding workers to be cared medically or to be kept under medical surveillance. Percentage of workers who needed further medical care among the total screenees was higher in the out-patient clinic system han in the mass screening system. The difference in the percentage of case-finding was most distinct in cases of gastric ulcers and scars, and was not so distinct in those of duodenal ulcers. Number of cases of interruption for, medical care after screening amounted to one fifth of the total number concerned in the both systems. From these facts the necessity of enforcement of health education program was discussed.

A progress report of the mass screening examination of stomach in the okayama prefecture

A progress report of the mass screening examination of stomach in the okayama prefecture

Nutrition Survey of a District where Many Patients of Liver Diseases and Heavy Alcohol Drinkers were found

A nutrition survey has been performed in order to analyze the daily diets of the population in a district where many heavy drinkers and patients of liver diseases have been found.In this study the subjects have been the persons who received mass screening examination to detect liver diseases by physicians of Department of Internal Medicine, Okayama University Medical School. Results:1) Many heavy drinkers were found where high prevalence of liver diseases were observed.2) The results of nutrition survey showed the defects of protein and Vitamines-intake in general.3) Lowered intake of protein and reduction in protein score seemed to be main etiological factor for liver diseases rather than alcohol abuse.

Toluene, Xylene 吸入時, 尿中に排泄される馬尿酸, メチル馬尿酸の新定量法について : Thinner 中毒 第4報,有機溶剤中毒 第8報

For elucidation of the relationship between toluene concentration in the air and amount of hippuric acid (abbreviated as H.A.), and that between xylene consentration in the air and amount of methyl hippuric acid (abbreviated as M.H.A.) excreted in the urine as metabolites following work, in a workshop where toluene and xylene are used, we have succeeded in measuring minute amounts of urinary H.A. and M.H.A. by a new paperchromatographic method, and also by a simple mass screening examination method which we devised. A. Method of procedure. 1) Measurement of H.A. by paperchromatography; For the determination of H.A. in the urine, 0.1 ml of urine to be tested is spotted on the filter paper (40×40 cm) and is developped in the solvent system; n-buthanol-acetic acid-water, 4:1:1. After drying, the color reaction is brought to completion by spraying with 4% solutionof p-dimethylaminobenzaldehyde in acetic anhydride saturated with sodium acetate (abbreviated as D.A.B.), and by heating it in a drying oven for one minute at 135°C. The coloerd portion of the above paper is cut into small pieces and the elution is conducted three times with 3ml. 2ml, and 2ml of ethanol. The optical density of orange color is measured at 460 mμ by spectrophotometer and the concentration of H.A. is calculated with standard curve. 2) Measurement of M.H.A. by paperchromatography: One ml of the sample urine is mixed with HCI (adjusted to pH 2.0) and saturated with 0.3g of NaCl. To this mixture 2ml of ethyl acetate is added. Then 0.1ml of this extract is spotted on a filter paper (40×40 cm), developd in the solvent system, tolueneacetic acid-water (100:50:2.5). After drying, the color reaction is brought to completion by spraying with D.A.B. reagents and by heating. And Rf. values of H.A., m-M.H.A and p-M.H.A. are 0.38, 0.45 and 0.43 respectively. Each spot of the paper is cut into small pieces. Elution and measurement of H.A. and M.H.A. are conducted as described above. 3) Spot method: The method of extraction of H.A. and M.H.A. from urine is the same as that used in paperchromatography of M.H.A. except that 4 ml ethyl ether containing 10% ethanol is used instead of ethyl acatate. Thereafter 0.03 ml of this eluate mixture is spotted on a filter (Toyo Filter paper, No.51) 4 cm apart with micro pipette and dried, Color reaction is the same as described in paperchromatographic measurement of H.A. For the determination of H.A. from colored spots, the intensity of the developed color is compared with standard paper, on which H.A. at known concentrations has been spotted and the color development has been doneexactly with the same manner. 4) Silicagel method; H.A and M.H.A are extracted from urine as descried in the spot method. Then one ml of this extract is poured on the 0.5g of silicagel in a test tube.Next the ethyl ether is evaporated under reduced pressure. Dry silicagel powder containing H.A. or M.H.A. is heated at 135°C for 3 minutes with D.A.B. reagents in an oil bath. Azlactone formed is eluted twice successively with 4 ml and 3 ml of ethanol, and spectrophotometric determination is conducted as described above. B. Application. Spot method is convenient for screening H.A. and M.H.A. Paperchromatographic method developed by buthanol-acetic acid-water, is useful for the determination of H.A. or M.H.A. And paperchromatography using toluene-acetic acid-water as developing solvent is also available for the separate determination of H.A.and M.H.A from urine containing both. C. Stability of H.A.in various couditions for storing. Of H.A. in the urine about 13% is decomposed in the room temperature, about 17% in the cold after 72 hours, and 11% in the freezing temperature after 240 hours, In the case of the urine spotted and dried on the filter paper, H.A. is well kept without decomposition in the room temperature for 360 hours.

Effects of working conditions on the recurrence and exacerbation of pulmonary tuberculosis

Since January 1949 one hundred and five patients with pulmonary tuberculosis were found out by the mass-screening examinations, and they were treated by the chemotherapy and/or surgical operation. Roentogenographic recurrence or exacerbation of those patients after the termination of the treatment were traced until July 1960, and the following results were obtained.1) In the chemotherapy 7 exacerbations out of 76 cases, 9.2%, and in the surgical operation 4 exacerbations out of 29 cases, 13.8% were observed. The annual recurrence rate was 3.6% in the former and 2.6% in the latter.2) The recurrence rate by working conditions showed 20.7% in the light physical work group (mainly desk workers) and 0% in the medium physical work group (mainly physical workers) respectively, after the chemotherapy. Apparently more recurrences were observed in the former. After the surgical operation the recurrence rate was 15.4% in the former group and in the latter it was 12.5%.3) According to the results obtained it is likely concluded that the physical workers would have better prognosis of pulmonary tuberculosis rather than desk workers as far as our mill is concerned where they work under relatively favourable environment from the socio-economical point of view.

Effects of working conditions on chemotherapy of pulmonary tuberculosis

In our paper mill, 57 male workers with pulmonary tuberculosis, who had been detected by mass-screening examinations, were treated by the chemotherapy only. The following conclusions were brought about in result of the monthly observation of X-ray films of those patients.1) The effectiveness of chemotherapy on workers with physical labour was more favourable in comparison to desk workers.2) The old age group of 40 years or older showed a less improvement of X-ray findings than the other group of the younger than 40 years of age.3) In the exsudative caseous form, roentogenographic findings of cases with “minimal” lesions revealed more favourable improvement in comparison to “moderately” or “far advanced” cases. However, in the fibroid caseous form the response to the chemotherapy was varied.4) The chemotherapy in working place, home rest and hospital was most effectively responsed, of course, by the hospitaliztion, and the chemotherapy in working place was least effective.

Epidemiological Studies of Lung Tuberculosis in a Paper Manufacturing Mill during Recent Five Years

According to the result of totally 10 time mass-screening examinations of pulmonary tuberculosis carried out annualy twice spring and fall during five years, the following conclusions were obtained.1) Both the roentogenographically positive finding rate and prevalence rate of actual case had been decreased over a period of five years.2) Cases of mixed form with exsudative and fibroid lesions, according the Oka roentonographic classification, was most apparently decreased in five years. In the forms of the hardnodular and calcified-scar lesions the rates did not any significant changes, and the form with the deformation by surgical operations increased by the spring 1957 and no change was observed after that. Occurrence of exsudative pleurisy was very seldom.3) In the classification of guide standard, number of the patients with the A calss (off work required) and the class B (limitted working hour) remarkably decreased, and those of the class C (under supervision) relatively increased.4) According to the classification by the Japan Society of Tuberculosis, no case with extensively advanced cavity form was found through the observation, and cases with not-advanced cavity form disappeard by the end of the observation. Also cases with the varied non-cavity form was obviously decreased. No apparent changes were shown in the unmber of cases with the stable non-cavity form and the recovered form.5) The decrease of the number of cases with exsudative form seemed to be more apparent in the group of workers with medium physical work, compared with that group of desk workers. The increase of both the roentogenographically positive finding rate and prevalence of actual case was observed by the older years of age, and the trend was not so much varied through the five year observation.

Tubeless gastric analysis.

The tubeless detection of gastric acidity, as developed by Segal and associates, 1 makes it possible to ascertain the state of gastric acidity in specific cases or in mass screening examinations without the use of complicated or cumbersome chemical procedures. The rationale of tubeless analysis depends on the use of a dye, azure A, which is released from a cation exchange resin by free hydrochloric acid in the stomach. In the presence of free acid, the free dye is absorbed and consequently excreted in the urine and the blue color of the urine may then be visually compared with a solution of azure A of known concentration. It has been reported by other workers 2 that in about 50% of the tests the azure A is excreted in a reduced, colorless form that requires oxidation with acid and heat to bring out the color. In our experience, about 75% of

A Study on the Mass Screening Examination of Anemia

A Study on the Mass Screening Examination of Anemia