Marxists have often been of the opinion that the natural sciences on the one hand and the social and humanistic sciences on the other were follow ing two fundamentally different logics of research, because their respec tive objects were fundamentally different. The following pages are wntten on the basis of the opposite opinion, i.e. that the objects of the natural sciences versus the social and humanistic sciences can be seen as incorpo rated parts of the same totalizing logic, which is established as part of and along with the emergence of the logic of capitalist society. History and nature are then no longer fundamentally different, although in reality they might still appear to be so. On the contrary, with the development of capitalistic technology, historical dimensions as well as consciousness are - so to speak - transported into natural materiality, at the same time as the natural processes, too, begin to act historically, although not quite as a matter of consciousness as Descartes presented it, but perhaps as Hegel and Marx did. In this perspective the ecological problem is also about the fact that new and unforeseen types of processes appear in nature (i.e. unforeseen from the point of view of a postulated, forever valid logic in 'practice' on the one hand, as well as from the point of view of eternal natural laws/dialectics just as postulated on the other). To understand this a genuinely Marxist, critical-materialistic reflection is demanded, which can give the grounds for the emergence of these new fields of problems in social as well as natural sciences. Once more the Marxist dialectics will be able to unveil the rational essences as well as the ideological veilings of new sciences like ecology, cybernetics, theory of value, etc., which are the scientific reflections of these changes. The following pages are just a slender contribution as they try to recon struct the contents of meaning in Marx's concepts of nature in an attempt to enable actual Marxist science as the only possible one to accomplish an emancipatorily oriented acquisition of the new phenomena, of which the above-mentioned sciences-to put it pointedly-are in fact nothing but symptoms.