Marxist Social Theory Research Articles

A CENTRALIDADE DO MARXISMO EM PRODUÇÕES BIBLIOGRÁFICAS DO SERVIÇO SOCIAL

Este trabalho é fruto de uma pesquisa relativa ao Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso, que teve como fonte de coleta de dados trabalhos publicados nos anais do Encontro Nacional de Pesquisa em Serviço Social, com recorte das edições de 2006 a 2016. A pesquisa tomou como objeto de estudo a atualidade (ou não) da teoria social de Marx no Serviço Social, definindo-se como objetivo analisar se e como tem se dado a apropriação da tradição marxiana/marxista pelo Serviço Social. O estudo, de natureza teórico-documental, fundamentou-se no materialismo histórico dialético, teve uma abordagem predominantemente qualitativa, embora tenha recorrido, em alguma medida, à dimensão quantitativa. No processo de pesquisa bibliográfica que tipificou as análises preliminares do tema, recorreu-se a livros e publicações periódicas, teses, dissertações, anais de encontros científicos e publicações disponíveis em meio eletrônico. Para a coleta de dados, utilizou-se a metodologia proposta por Aldler e Doren (2010), a partir dos seguintes níveis de leitura: leitura inspecional, leitura analítica e leitura sintóptica. Após o levantamento de 210 trabalhos contidos no eixo de Fundamentos Históricos Teórico-Metodológico ou que apresentavam alguma palavra-chave relacionada à temática, procedeu-se à leitura inspensional dos seus resumos, selecionando-se os que tratavam mais diretamente da temática, de modo que restaram 74 trabalhos, os quais passaram integralmente pela leitura analítica. Depois desta etapa de leitura, foram selecionados 44 trabalhos, de maneira que, nestes, foi realizada a leitura sintóptica. Os principais resultados indicaram que a teoria social de Marx é a mais utilizada nos trabalhos analisados.

As contribuições de Raymond Williams à teoria social marxista

The proposition of a determinant “base” and a determined “superstructure” marked Marxist social theory in the first half of the twentieth century. In our work, we intend to examine Raymond Williams’ critique of the mechanical application of these categories of analysis, projected in his 1973 essay entitled “Base and superstructure in the theory of Marxist culture”. To do so, in the first instance, we will mark the historical context in which Williams’ work emerged, and of which he was discussing. In a second moment, we will focus on the development of the author’s critique, mobilizing the essay in question. Our analysis has the central objective of projecting a presentation of Williams’ thinking and some of his contributions within Marxist thought, especially in the investigations that intend to focus on cultural production from a materialist and historical perspective.

O método investigativo de Marx

Este artigo apresenta algumas reflexões acerca da questão do método investigativo de Marx que compõe a construção da teoria social marxiana. Busca-se demonstrar a complexidade do esforço realizado por Marx ao buscar conhecer a realidade desvelando as suas determinações fundamentais considerando, sobretudo o movimento intelectivo exigido pelo mesmo. Neste esforço destacamos as categorias totalidade, mediação e contradição por considera-las fundamentais para compreensão do método em destaque e também para a sua aplicabilidade e, consequentemente, apreensão e conhecimento da realidade. Apresentamos brevemente a aproximação do Serviço Social com as ideias de Marx destacando como estas se tornaram fundamentais para a categoria profissional. Por fim concluímos que o método de Marx fornece ao/a pesquisador/a a possibilidade de conhecer o objeto em sua essência. Buscamos com esta exposição demonstrar como o ângulo de análise do método marxiano, portanto, ao buscar desvelar a sociedade burguesa abre a perspectiva para o seu questionamento perfazendo-se fundamental aos sujeitos que vislumbram a construção de uma sociedade diversa da do capital.

A jornada exaustiva e a escravidão contemporânea

Resumo Este artigo discute o termo jornada exaustiva diante de dissensos jurídicos e administrativos em situações de trabalho análogo à escravidão. Defende-se que a jornada exaustiva é composta pela imbricação da intensidade e da extensividade do trabalho, aumentando as exigências de produtividade do trabalhador para se ajustar às demandas do capital. Nesse sentido, a exaustão ocorre quando o ritmo das atividades se sobrepõe ao alongamento da carga horária de trabalho e afeta outras esferas sociais. Tanto a aceleração dos movimentos, sob os quais tudo se torna prioridade, quanto a disponibilidade absoluta por meio das tecnologias de informação e comunicação (TICs) podem levar ao desgaste físico e psicológico, afetando a saúde do trabalhador e colocando-o em condições de neoescravidão. Este estudo foi produzido por meio de levantamento bibliográfico orientado pela seleção de artigos e livros disponíveis nas principais bases de pesquisa do país que tivessem afinidade com a teoria social marxiana sobre os conceitos de jornada de trabalho e tempo de trabalho, discutidos por autores como Sadi Dal Rosso, Ricardo Antunes, David Harvey e Christophe Dejours, entre outros.

Processos de reintegração de posse das escolas ocupadas pelos estudantes no Paraná: a ideologia burguesa do aparelho judiciário e policial

Resumo O objetivo deste artigo é interpelar e problematizar as razões avocadas para a reintegração das escolas estaduais do Paraná pelos aparelhos jurídico e policial, levando em conta seu caráter ideológico. Os processos foram analisados à luz da teoria social marxista e do método da economia política. Os procedimentos utilizados neste estudo são a pesquisa bibliográfica e a pesquisa documental, decorrente das ações de mandados de reintegração de posse por parte do Estado do Paraná. O estudo possibilitou apontar que as ações de reintegração de posse das escolas ocupadas no Paraná, firmadas por meio dos especialistas do Estado burguês, apresentavam uma inversão do real quando utilizavam o mesmo argumento dos estudantes secundaristas para solicitar a reintegração de posse forçada sob a justificativa do cumprimento do direito à educação, ou seja, converteram as manifestações dos estudantes e a luta pelo direito à educação em (des)obediência e assunto de força policial.

O vrednosti jedne sociološke teorije

The content of this paper includes an analysis of basic principles and validity of the Marxist sociological theory. In the Introduction, there is explained a problem of acquiring knowledge as well as the possibilities of establishing theories in social sciences, with a special attention paid to the possibility of gaining unconditional truth and question about an influence that personal values can perform in the work of a scientist. In the second part of the paper, there are given the basic principles of the Marxist social theory, there are explained the ideas of class-struggle, bourgeoisie economy and capitalistic type of property with the origin and type of functioning of the proletariat and historical necessity of establishing a classless society. The third part of the paper establishes a critique of Marxist sociology from the standpoint of its scientific validity. A special attention is paid to the way of functioning its basic principles and the problem of establishing the unquestionable facts in social sciences. In the conclusion, it is explained the substantial difference between science and ideology, and, it is indicated the necessity of establishing unconditional criteria for the recognition of scientific facts.

Marx, Vološinov, Williams: language, history, practice

The article will consider the development of the Marxist tradition of thought on language. It will focus specifically on the limited though significant account of language found in Marx's writing, consider how this is developed by Vološinov, and then turn to the work of Raymond Williams. It will be argued that an emphasis on language as a fundamental and creative form of labour is an important development in Marxist social theory and a significant contribution to linguistic thought. The article will conclude with an analysis of two words - ‘dissident’ and ‘terrorism’ - in order to demonstrate how historical semiotics can aid in the understanding of the operations of ideology and hegemony.

Towards a Reconsrtuction of Historical Materialism. IV. Legitimation 10. What does the “crisis” mean today?

The book of world-known German philosopher Jurgen Habermas is devoted to the Marxist social theory and in general to potential of the evolutionary concept of society. A wide range of topics is comprised: from the role of philosophy inMarxism and rational and ethical foundations of social identity to comparative theories and problem of legitimacy. J.Habermas does not only critically rethink Marxist concept, but builds a coherent theoretical alternative to it. The power of the book is that the key problems of social theory are considered not only in the abstract plane but in the context of contemporary, keen, topical socio-political challenges. Namely the nature of current social crises, conflicts of legitimation ofthe contemporary state, the morality of power, the effect of innovations etc. The book has become not only one of the classical samples of Marxism analysis, but it was recognized significant contribution to contemporary social theory.

Social Theory and Everyday Marxists: Russian Perspectives on Epistemology and Ethics

AbstractScholars have long tracked how the USSR, a laboratory of social engineering, was deeply informed by local readings of Marxist social theory. Why, then, in recent years, have so many historical and anthropological studies of Russia excluded “Marxist” from the list of main descriptors, or optics, through which they view their material? In this essay, I argue that in much contemporary scholarship Marxism and its many afterlives have evidenced a kind of blind spot, reducing Marxism to “just” an ideology. I assert that rediscovering the presence of Marxism in Russia as a Gramscian hegemonic process and a vernacular that emerged among “laymen” can help us understand how a wide range of Russians continue to make sense of their worlds today. Drawing on several years of research in the city of Perm, I interpret everyday conversations among middle-age urbanites about morality, and demonstrate how this rediscovery of Marxism can elucidate what things matter for Russians today, and how. If social scientists proceed by acknowledging that “professional” and “lay” social knowledge increasingly share sources of “theoretical” inspiration, then we face a range of narrative challenges.

Rethinking the History and Theory of Jus Publicum Universal : The Formation of China as a “Semi-Civilized” Legal Subject

Much of the existing scholarship on the universalization of nineteenth-century international law has framed it in terms of the imperial West's domination of non-Western societies. This article complicates and qualifies this conventional state-centric narrative by investigating the juridical, capitalist production of China as a semi-civilized international legal subject. It examines the foundational modern Sino-British/Western commercial and extraterritorial treaties, as well as the treatises of a new professional class of British international lawyers-James Lorimer (1818–90), John Westlake (1828–1913), William Edward Hall (1835–94), T. E. Holland (1835–1926), Thomas Lawrence (1849–1920), and Lassa Oppenheim (1849–1920). The juridical production of China as a semi-civilized legal subject throws into relief the dual capitalist nature and significance of the universalization of nineteenth-century international law. On the one hand, this civilized legal discourse underwrote a novel liberal conception of a universal international law ( jus publicum universal ) within which China was formally included as a quasi-legal subject. On the other hand, it also underwrote a particularistic, Euro–centric international law, which excluded China from its global domain and denied it basic sovereign rights. In this way also, civilized international law justified both formal equality in European–non-European treaty relations, as well as the real substantive inequality of these international exchanges of rights and obligations. Building on the critical theoretical work of Evgeny Pashukanis (1891–1937), this article argues that a non-orthodox Marxist social theory of legal forms is best suited to explain the abstract, liberal universalism of nineteenth-century civilized international law and the contradictory forms of legal and jurisprudential discourse it made available and rendered normatively meaningful to international law practitioners. Through this Marxist theory, moreover, I shall relate said contradictory discourse to modern commodity exchange practices.

Otwarty marksizm i odrodzenie socjologii: rola Juliana Hochfelda i Zygmunta Baumana

In 1956, political liberalization in Poland resulted in the revival of sociology, previously banned from Polish universities. Julian Hochfeld (1911–1966), previously a leading Socialist politician and currently professor of the University of Warsaw, played an important role in this process by (a) initiating the debate on the revision of Marxist social theory in the spirit of „Open Marxism”, and (b) establishing the chair of political sociology at the University of Warsaw. His closest associate and successor was Zygmunt Bauman (1925–2107) until his politically motivated dismissal from the University of Warsaw and emigration in 1968. Academic interests of Hochfeld’s school focused on (a) reinterpretation of Marxist social theory and its confrontation with main trends in contemporary sociology, (b) empirical research on political life in Poland, and (c) comparative cross-national study of politics. This tradition is now continued by the new generation of Polish political sociologists.

Carchedi's Dialectics: A Critique

Carchedi's Dialectics: A CritiqueKaan KangalKaan KangalCenter for Studies of Marxist Social Theory, Nanjing University, Xianlin Campus, Qixia District, 38, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210046, Peoples Republic of China. [email protected]Search for more papers by this authorPublished Online:June 2017https://doi.org/10.1521/siso.2017.81.3.427PDFPDF PLUS ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack Citations About Previous article Next article FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Cited byCited by1. The Ontology and Social Dimension of Knowledge: The Internet Quanta TimeOnline publication date: 11 September 2022. Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar2. Dialectics in Dialectics of NatureOnline publication date: 28 January 2020. Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar3. The Origins of the Engels DebateOnline publication date: 28 January 2020. Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar4. After Engels, After MarxOnline publication date: 28 January 2020. Go to citation Crossref Google ScholarKaan Kangal5. Engels' Intentions in Dialectics of NatureOnline publication date: 12 March 2019. Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar Volume 81Issue 3Jul 2017 Information© 2017 by S & S Quarterly, Inc.PDF download

Serviço Social e tendências teóricas atuais

Resumo O artigo propõe um debate sobre as atuais tendências teórico-metodológicas do Serviço Social brasileiro. Analisa a tensa, contraditória e necessária relação entre o Serviço Social brasileiro, a teoria social de Marx e a tradição marxista, destacando duas importantes categorias gramscianas: intelectuais e direção-cultural.

Марксистская социальная теория в институционализации исследований кино в Великобритании

Марксистская социальная теория в институционализации исследований кино в Великобритании

Sean Sayers' Concept of Immaterial Labor and the Information Economy

Sean Sayers' Concept of Immaterial Labor and the Information EconomyKaan KangalKaan KangalCenter for Studies of Marxist Social Theory, Nanjing University, Xianlin Campus, Qixia District, 38, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210046, People's Republic of China. [email protected]Search for more papers by this authorPublished Online:December 2016https://doi.org/10.1521/siso.2017.81.1.124PDFPDF PLUS ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack Citations About Previous article Next article FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 81Issue 1Jan 2017 Information© 2017 by S & S Quarterly, Inc.PDF download

Book Review: Culture and Economy in the Age of Social Media by Christian Fuchs

Culture and Economy in the Age of Social Media. Christian Fuchs. New York. Routledge, 2015. 418 pp. $52.95 pbk.Christian Fuchs is a professor of social media at the University of Westminster. His penultimate chapter in this massive volume is an extended version of his inaugural lecture given at Westminster a year after he joined the faculty in 2013. I suspect, however, that many in the audience already had a pretty good idea what was in store for them, as professor Fuchs's scholarly output in the area of critical cultural studies, political economy, and Marxist social theory has become widely available over the years.As he makes clear in the book's dedication, he seeks to facilitate the unification of political economy with cultural studies under the banner of Marxist Media, Communication, and Cultural Studies. Given some of the history of relations between these two strands of critical theory and research, it would seem that he has set out quite a challenging goal. At the same time, I do not hesitate to suggest that this book will provide a good strong push along the path to the future he has in mind.After a brief introduction, Fuchs begins appropriately with two chapters dedicated to the task of preparing a critical theoretical foundation. The first chapter, co-authored by Marisol Sandoval, helps to establish a basis for understanding the multidimensional relationships between culture and The anchoring role that will be played by Raymond William's cultural materialism is established early. Distinctions between cultural work and cultural labor are finely drawn and serve well to support the development of later insights into the nature of digital labor within the context of social media.The next chapter begins that discussion by exploring the various theoretical challenges involved in understanding communication as a form of work. The contributions from within sociology, cultural studies, and political economy are presented through examples of claims, arguments, and graphic representations of key relationships. In this, as in most chapters of the book, serious readers will be drawn-if not compelled-to underline and add marginal notes reflecting points of agreement, as well as points about which you strongly and firmly disagree. Perhaps you would be advised to add your notes gently in pencil, so that you can go back and revise your thinking in response to some of the insights that will arrive with some force as you read on.The two chapters in the next section bring readers into some of the contemporary debates about the nature of work and labor within the context of social media. The first of these chapters is concerned with establishing the boundaries around what we understand as time, especially in the context of capitalism and relations of power. Concerns about time and the productivity of labor play a central role in Fuchs's opening foray into ongoing debates about the nature of the work that audiences do in the context of social media. It is here that we are provided with some of Fuchs's insights into the emergent duality of prosumers, where audiences are often (and in some sense always) both consumers and producers of commodities. …

Teoria social de Marx: conhecimentos e contribuições ao trabalho do assistente social

<p>Evidenciam-se, no estudo apresentado neste artigo, as contribuições da teoria social de Marx para o trabalho do assistente social, e são elucidados conhecimentos e mediações importantes, resultantes dessa perspectiva teórico-metodológica no campo profissional. Na sua composição, apresenta-se, inicialmente, um panorama geral sobre a inserção do pensamento marxista no Serviço Social brasileiro e, na sequência, discute-se o papel da teoria social no âmbito da profissão, pontuando alguns equívocos que permeiam essa discussão, em especial, no tocante à instrumentalização técnico-profissional. Com base nessas considerações, são assinalados os avanços na produção do conhecimento em Serviço Social, a partir da sua interlocução com a produção marxiana e sua tradição, que concorreram, decisivamente, para oxigenar e qualificar a profissão, assim como, para oferecer subsídios teórico-políticos ao trabalho do assistente social. </p>

Towards a Reconsrtuction of Historical Materialism. IV: Legitimation

The book of world-known German philosopher Jurgen Habermas is devoted to the Marxist social theory and in general to potential of the evolutionary concept of society. A wide range of topics is comprised: from the role of philosophy in Marxism and rational and ethical foundations of social identity to comparative theories and problem of legitimacy. J.Habermas does not only critically rethink Marxist concept, but builds a coherent theoretical alternative to it. The power of the book is that the key problems of social theory are considered not only in the abstract plane, but in the context of contemporary, keen, topical socio-political challenges. Namely the nature of current social crises, conflicts of legitimation of the contemporary state, the morality of power, the effect of innovations etc. The book has become not only one of the classical samples of Marxism analysis, but it was recognized significant contribution to contemporary social theory.

Między imperializmem narodowym a liberalizmem ekonomicznym. Akumulacja kapitału Róży Luksemburg i jej konteksty

Globalisation processes are regarded as some of the most significant phenomena of the present world. According to more optimistic predictions, globalisation processes are responsible for making Marxist social theory and methodological Marxist research tools in the humanities outdated. Globalisation is a progressive, long-term cultural process, consisting of various complex historical factors – mainly economical ones. Cultural and external signs of globalisation are in fact a superstructure consisting of constitutive economical processes. Historical analysis proves, that the beginning of globalisation (in contemporary understanding of this term) should be sought for in colonial conquests having capitalist roots. The example of colonialism clearly shows economic – capitalist origins of national ideologies, such as racism. Ideologies, such as nationalism, seem to be inherent to the globalisation processes. They also seem to be their necessary and integral element. They can manifest themselves in two ways: in the first place: as being affirmative and equivalent, and secondly: on the basis of dialectical contradictions. It seems that globalisation has nothing to do with equality. Moreover, it is an expression of the hegemony of anglo-american culture and dictated by it cultural unification based upon Cocacolonization. Marxist philosophy shaped in face of these processes, based on postulates of internationalism and international revolution, can be perceived as a social theory only within the context of anti-globalisation and anti-imperialism.

Notas sobre o Trabalho Social cubano

O presente texto analisa o Trabalho Social em Cuba, seus desafios e perspectivas. Destaca, ainda, caminhos e possibilidades para reafirmar a atualidade do debate crítico entre os trabalhadores sociais cubanos e sua necessária interlocução com a teoria social de Marx.