Marriage Patterns Research Articles

Panaik Money of Bugis’ Customary Marriage in the Perspective of Islamic Law and Positive Law in Indonesia

This article discusses the giving of panaik money to the Bugis marriage customs outside of the dowry obligation. This culture has long been carried out at traditional Bugis weddings. The custom of giving panaik money has become a topic of discussion among academics because it is not included in the pillars and conditions of marriage in Islam or positive law. This is a custom that is sometimes considered burdensome to the prospective groom to cause the marriage to be annulled. This research is library research with a normative approach. It uses a qualitative method, namely, observing and reviewing the obligation to give money for traditional Bugis marriages outside of the dowry. The results of the panaik money research in the study of Islamic law do not conflict with the terms and pillars of marriage. As for the positive legal view, in this case, Law Number 1 of 1974 concerning Marriage concludes that panaik money does not conflict with formal or material requirements, namely in articles 6 to 10, which explain the existence of cultural fusion between customary law and Islamic law in Indonesia which has been recognized. As part of the source of material law in Indonesia. As for the cultural pattern of Bugis ethnic marriage, panaik money is a form of respect and appreciation from the male family to the female family.Panaik Money, Islamic Law, Positive Law, Cultural Customs

Relasi Sosial Umat Kong Hu Cu Di Kawasan Simpang Lima Ampenan Kota Mataram

This article aims to looks at the pattern of the relations built by the Confucians community and the practices of peace that are applied. As a minority religious group, The Confucians community in Ampenan cannot be separated from their efforts to survive with the adaptation strategies that are carried out. The intended adaptation strategy is the pattern of relationships that are built. Using a qualitative research method where the data collection process uses the method of observation, interviews and documentation. With the help of AGIL theory, this article also finds that the adaptation made by the Confucians is an merely an adaptation to the economic activity’s as an primary aspect. The practice of peace that is applied is also with the economic aspect. This partially refutes AGIL's theoretical framework by looking at Goal Attainment, the integration and built latency do not reach their ideal point. The main reason why the Confucians chose the economic aspect over the religious aspect was to evade the unsuccesful story between Hindu-Muslims which failed to build the relationship pattern through the pattern of marriage relation.s The effective pattern of relations in maintaining the harmony of the people in the Simpang Lima Ampenan Mataram area is through the economical aspect

Marriage in the Melting Pot: An Evolutionary Approach to European Ancestry, Homogamy, and Fertility in the United States.

To understand marriage patterns, homogamy, and fertility of women of European ancestry in the United States from an evolutionary perspective, we investigated if a prevalence of ancestral homogamy exists, the factors influencing a female preference for an ancestral homogamous vs. heterogamous marriage, and if ancestral homogamous vs. heterogamous marriages have an impact on fertility. Furthermore, we aim to determine the heritability of homogamous vs. heterogamous marriage behavior. We used the census data of 369,121 women in the United States married only once and aged between 46 and 60 years, provided by IPUMS USA (https://usa.ipums.org/usa/). We used linear mixed models to determine the association between the probability of a homogamous vs. heterogamous marriage and the individual fertility of women. We aimed to estimate the heritability (genetics and parental environment) of marriage behavior using a linear mixed model. We found that ancestral heterogamous marriages are more frequent compared to homogamous marriages, but only if all ancestry groups are included. If ancestry is aggregated, homogamous marriages are more frequent compared to heterogamous marriages. Most of the variance (up to 27%) in inter-ancestry marriage and fertility (up to 12%) is explained by ancestry per se, followed by the ratio of individuals of a certain ancestral background in a county (∼6%), indicating a frequency depending selection into marriage: the more individuals of a certain ancestry live in a county, the lower is the tendency to marry someone of a different ancestral background. Furthermore, we found that about 12% (depending to some extent on the clustering) of the marriage behavior is heritable. Being in a homogamous marriage and the income of the spouse are both significantly positively associated with the number of children women have and the probability that women have at least one child, albeit explaining only a very low proportion of the overall variance. The most important factor (in terms of variance explained) for being in an ancestral homogamous vs. heterogamous marriage, for the number of children, and for childlessness is the ancestry of the women. Most children are born to women of Irish, French, and Norwegian ancestry (Irish X̄: 3.24, French X̄: 3.21, and Norwegian X̄: 3.18), the lowest number of children is to women of Latvian, Rumanian, and Russian ancestry (Latvian X̄: 2.26, Rumanian X̄: 2.19, and Russian X̄: 2.35). Albeit, we are not able to distinguish the genetic and social heritability on the basis of our data, only a small heritability for in-group vs. out-group marriage behavior is indicated (∼12% of variance explained).

Mid-Nineteenth-Century Population Movement in the Anglo-Scottish Border Region

ABSTRACT Using data from six sample parishes, this article examines the migration of predominantly agricultural labour across the Anglo-Scottish border in the mid-nineteenth century. The main purpose is to establish the extent to which the Border formed a barrier to movement at this time. A largely similar agricultural system within the Border region, with a specific character to its employment processes, appears to have been significant in reducing any negative impact upon the movement of labour. Furthermore, an examination of features such as religion, co-habitation and marriage patterns, suggests that for many Border residents, being born in the neighbouring country but living in the other one does not appear to have constituted any significant deterrent to social interaction.

Temple, sex, gender and society

This article gives an overview of the main economic, legal and cultural changes around the role of women, debates about gender identity and patterns of marriage and the family that have taken place over the past 80 years since Christianity and Social Order was first published.

De jaargetijden van het Limburgse leven. Seizoenbewegingen in huwen en geboorten, 1810-1940.

Inhabitants of the province of Limburg are often considered to differ from the Dutch in general. The seasonal pattern of marriages and conceptions provides us with insights in the intimate details of the lives of historical actors, and thus allows us to see whether or not this hypothesis is correct. In the entire country, the choice of marriage month is clearly determined by the changing seasonal duties in agriculture. So, May, between sowing and harvesting, and the month in which labor contracts changed, was favorite. In Limburg, however, most marriages were contracted slightly earlier, in April. The Catholic Church did not allow marriages during Lent and Advent. This we find in the low number of marriages in March and December, most notably in the Catholic province of Limburg. Conceptions followed approximately the same pattern, although Limburg Catholics were less obedient in this respect. In general, one has to conclude that the traditions governing the date of marriage and conception were consistent in time, be it that the 20th century came with slight changes. And Limburgers were absolutely Dutch with only a few provincial deviations.

Maltusliku ehk Lääne-Euroopa abiellumustüübi kõrgaeg Eestis

Maltusliku ehk Lääne-Euroopa abiellumustüübi kõrgaeg Eestis

Sex ratios and union formation in the historical population of the St. Lawrence Valley.

The ratio of men and women in the adult population, i.e. sex ratio, has long been recognized as a key demographic constraint for partnering behavior. However, the literature remains contradictory on how sex ratio imbalances influence partnering behavior, suggesting either higher or lower rates of male marriage being associated with male-skewed sex ratios. These contradictory findings are likely due to data limitations. Cross-sectional data or limited observation periods preclude studies from distinguishing sex ratio effects on timing from effects on the overall likelihood of marriage. In this paper, we use historical family reconstitution data to study the association of sex ratios with marriage patterns in the French colony of the St. Lawrence Valley in North America (1680-1750). The population experienced a substantial male-skew from sex-selective immigration during the early period of the colony. The long-running observation period allow for differentiating the timing and overall likelihood of marriage. Finally, the data enable us to study the effects of male-skews on the population-level as well as the regional and parish level. Cox proportional hazard models reveal that while male-skewed sex ratios are associated earlier marriage for women, the association with men's marital biographies is less clear-cut. We find that men marry later when sex ratios are more male-skewed, yet we do not find a substantial reduction in the overall likelihood of marriage for men. Our findings reveal that male-skewed sex ratios do not necessarily result in an increase of never married men. We discuss the implications of our findings for the sex ratio literature.

Hak Gugat Harta dalam Perkawinan Poligami

As social beings, humans in living their daily lives are creatures who communicate with each other and need each other. It becomes a common thing when there is finally an attraction between the opposite sex. Love and affection are the reasons humans are bound in a relationship called marriage. Polygamous marriages cause several somah in marriage. Equality of position between husbands and wives will be determined by the pattern of marriage carried out. Based on legal facts, it is found that the husband's previous wife denied the rights. In addition, the rights to joint property are reduced by the interests of other wives, both second, third, and fourth. The type of research used by the author in this study is a type of normative legal research. If on one occasion another wife (second, third, and or fourth wife) in a marriage with the principle of polygamy commits fraud by using joint property unilaterally, then the first wife can sue civilly to the court against the unfair use of property, or it can go through the court of law. crime as a crime.

Prevalence of Retinitis Pigmentosa in a Tertiary Eye Hospital of Nepal.

Retinitis Pigmentosa (RP) is a group of diffuse retinal degenerative diseases predominantly affecting the rod and cone photoreceptors. The prevalence of retinitis pigmentosa seen in literature is approximately 1:4000. Retinitis Pigmentosa is one of the the most common causes of blindness in the age group of 20 to 40 years. The objective of this study was to determine the profile of retinitis pigmentosa in Terai and Nepal-India border region considering patients seeking care at a Tertiary level Eye Hospital in the terai region (southern part) of Nepal. A hospital-based, retrospective study was carried out at R. M. Kedia Eye Hospital. A total of 385 (83 males and 107 females from Nepal and 109 males and 86 females from India) diagnosed patients of Retinitis Pigmentosa were included in the study. Data was collected over a period of eleven years from 2008-2018. Out of 385 diagnosed Retinitis Pigmentosa patients, 192 (49.87%) were male and 193 (50.13%) were female with slightly female predominance. The prevalence of RP seen in our study was 0.03%. About 51% of the patients visited here were from India and nearby border areas/ villages which cover most of the rural areas of India. In this study it was found that 49.34% of the RP cases were from Nepal, of which 43.63% of cases were from Hindu community and 5.71% from Muslim community and about 50.66% cases of RP were from India, of which 37.67% from Hindu and 12.98% from Muslim community. The peak age of presentation of RP was at 30-39 years (29.09%), followed by 20-29 years (26.75%). The common marriage pattern of consanguinity was found in Muslim community in between the first cousins. In this study the hospital record did not show any evaluation for the syndromic disease in the hospital record, though RP is usually non syndromic and there are literatures where many syndromic forms have been identified. The prevalence of RP seen in the study was 0.03% (A total of 1101299 sample population of which 385 patients had RP). Since RP is an inherited disease and is one of the non-treatable causes of blindness which runs in the families, a role of counseling to reduce consanguineous marriages should be brought forward to reduce the disease process.

Changes in marriage, divorce and births during the COVID-19 pandemic in Japan

IntroductionMarriage, divorce and fertility are declining in Japan. There is concern that the COVID-19 pandemic may have accelerated the decrease in marriages and births while increasing the number of divorces....

Impact of Geographic Conditions on Sirri Marriage Phenomenon in Situbondo District

This study aims to determine the impact of the geographical conditions of an area on the phenomenon of sirri marriage through a qualitative study. Data analysis was carried out inductively from the results of observations, in-depth interviews and FGDs. The results of the study indicate that the phenomenon of unregistered marriage occurs in Sumber Malang, Situbondo, East Java as a result of the geographical conditions of the area. The topographical conditions of the area in the form of mountainous areas with an altitude of 500-1,250 meters above sea level, very steep with a slope of 45%, rocky and dry soils make the Sumber Malang area difficult to develop economically. This is because agricultural cultivation is difficult to develop. Furthermore, the accessibility of areas that are difficult to reach because they are far inland, narrow roads, no public transportation, far from the center of economic activity have caused people in this area to choose to stay in their environment. Topography and regional accessibility have an impact on adolescent marriage behavior in the Sumber Malang community. Adolescents and parents view unregistered marriage as something that is done to avoid sin, the certainty of a relationship, economic motives (because the cost of marriage is considered expensive by the community) and as a result of the remote location of the area; because the teenager only has a circle of friends in Sumbermalang. There are two patterns of sirri marriage that occur, namely teenagers will marry sirri and live together and teenagers will marry sirri then stay with their parents and still continue their education. The implication of this research is to provide an illustration that geographical space can affect the pattern of marriage that occurs in society. Based on this, the relevant government can provide adequate access to education at the research sites.
 Keywords : Sirri's Marriage; geographical condition; topography; accessibility
 
 Copyright (c) 2022 Geosfera Indonesia and Department of Geography Education, University of Jember
 This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Share A like 4.0 International License

Patterns of interethnic marriage in Ghana: 2000 – 2010

Patterns of assortative mating are informative because they reflect the strength of social boundaries across groups. Ethnic homogamy is particularly important as it provides a useful measure of social cohesion in multi-ethnic societies. This paper investigates the patterns of interethnic marriage in Ghana using the census data of the 2000 and 2010 censuses. Ethnic homogamy is strong in Ghana with 12.3% of the sample being married to a spouse of a different ethnicity. The likelihood of being in an interethnic marriage varies widely by demographic characteristics. Younger people are significantly more likely to intermarry suggesting that ethnic boundaries tend to become more open over time. Educational attainment significantly increases the propensity for intermarriage supporting the hypothesis that education offers opportunities to join more ethnically diverse networks. Intermarriage is more prevalent in urban areas likely due to the greater ethnic diversity of urban populations. Ethnic minorities tend to intermarry more, which is consistent with the theory that smaller groups face greater marriage market constraints.

Professors Down the Aisle: Academic Marriage Patterns in the Seventeenth Century Dutch Republic

Misogamist discourse prevailed among western European early modern scholars. This article examines whether misogamist discourse translated into behaviour in the Dutch Republic. We identify marriage trends of professors employed by the universities of Leiden and Utrecht in the seventeenth century, using quantitative and qualitative approaches. We analysed a prosopographical dataset of professors and their wives, explored here through several case studies. Against views of exceptionality, seclusion and celibacy in scholarly culture, based on self-fashioning and a handful of memorable examples, we argue that scholars overall replicated and intensified the European Marriage Pattern, and marriage strategies of the Dutch civic elite.

Marriage Pattern and Fertility in DKI Jakarta Province

Birth rate or fertility is one of the elements playing a role in determining the population number and age structure in an area. To maintain stable population growth, it is necessary to strive for a total fertility rate (TFR) of around 2.1 children per woman. DKI Jakarta Province had reached this condition before the 2000 period. But in the next period, there was an increase ranging from 2.2 - 2.3 children per woman. Fertility is affected by various factors, including marriage patterns and contraception usage. This study aims to determine the effect of marriage patterns on fertility in DKI Jakarta Province by using the concept of fertility decomposition. The data used are the results of the Indonesian Demographic and Health Survey (IDHS) 2002/03 and 2017 with the unit of analysis for women aged 15-49 years. The results showed that there was a slight increase in the effect of the marriage pattern on fertility restrictions, from 14% or preventing 1.89 births in the 2002/03 IDHS to 19% or preventing the occurrence of 2.1 births in the 2017 IDHS. in DKI Jakarta Province by 2.2 children per woman in the 2017 IDHS, although there was a sharp decline in the effect of contraceptive use. It is necessary to study the relationship between the pattern of marriage and the use of contraception because these two variables play an important role in determining the fertility rate in DKI Jakarta Province.

PERNIKAHAN INTERNAL KELOMPOK ISLAM JAMAAH DI YOGYAKARTA

The large number of religious groups in Indonesia makes all kinds of differences in implementing Islamic law. One of them is the Jamaah Islamic group which in the implementation of their marriage takes two contracts, namely having to take internal marriage (ND) and outside marriage (NL). The focus of this research is: first, what is the procedure for the implementation of internal marriage carried out by Islam Jamaah ?; second, how is the internal marriage of the Jamaah Islamic group in the perspective of Law No. 1 of 1974 and the Compilation of Islamic Law?. This research is a field research (Library Research) which uses qualitative methods with a juridical-normative approach. The conclusions of this study are: first, the implementation of marriage procedures in the Jamaah Islamic environment is quite identical to the marriage patterns of Muslims in general. Like others, Jamaah Islam begins the procedure with matchmaking between congregations by the marriage team, followed by the marriage process until the timing of the marriage contract is executed. The difference is, the Jamaah Islamic Group requires its members to marry fellow Jamaah Muslims. The prospective bride from outside must take a pledge and join the Islamic Jamaah group before being allowed to marry a member of the Islamic Jamaah. Second, there are several differences between the Jamaah Islamic marriage law and the marriage regulated in Law No. 1 1974 and the Compilation of Islamic Laws.

The effect of family composition on family language policy of Turkish heritage speakers in Flanders/Belgium

ABSTRACT This study explores the effect of different family compositions formed as a result of marriage patterns in today’s Turkish immigrant community in Flanders on family language policies. Based on in-depth interviews with 26 families, grouped in three different family compositions (mixed-marriages, local intra-ethnic marriages and marriages through partner migration), the findings indicate that family composition itself is a main resource in families’ language policy implementations. Each family type has its own strengths and weaknesses. The resources that families have are realised through these strengths and weaknesses which are related to family language practices. Results also show the active participating role of children’s family language policy implementations and parents’ increasing awareness of the role of family in their children’s bilingual language development planning.

The Marriage Culture in Isreale Society

In ancient times man did not have the proper habits of hunting social status. Marriage patterns that regulate sexual relations have not even emerged. Inheritance-based marriage systems emerged only in an advanced Patriatic society from an ethnic social status. The people of Israel, the descendants of Abraham, settled in Palestine and began to live there. Marriage is seen as one of the primary biological functions of mothers. Like the Tamil marriage, the marriage is seen as one to one. The various stages of marriage are described in the Bible as female engagement, dress, grooming, informing relatives of the marriage, going to the wedding procession, and taking the bride home.

Some Observations on the Demographic Variables of Marriage System in Greek Thrace: Evidence from Several Anthropological Populations

The examination of demographic patterns and their variables is essential for our understanding of the anthropological and cultural processes that shape modern societies. Greek Thrace plays an important role in such analyses due to the cultural and socioeconomic variability it presents. This study is based on vital registration data of the 20th century, derived by various populations that inhabit the Department of Rhodopi, which are defined by discrete socio-economic, cultural, and historic backgrounds. We analyze and present various aspects of the social lives observed in these populations: marriage patterns, mean age at marriage of the spouses, mean age of mothers at first and last child, reproductive span, the children ever born, as well as other parameters related to reproduction. Our analyses show that several changes in marriage patterns have been undertaken throughout time, indicating an ongoing fertility transition. In that way, this study contributes to our knowledge on the anthropological populations from this part of Greece in relation to their socio-economic environment and it proposes possible analogies and differences that affected the evolution of the embedded populations.

Older Mothers' Employment and Marriage Stability When the Nest is Empty

A significant literature in the social sciences addresses the impact of child-bearing and rearing on marital stability and on mothers’ labour market outcomes. Much less is known about older mothers’ employment and marriage patterns when the adult children leave the parental nest. This study aims to shed light on these issues using longitudinal labour force data for France. Exploiting retirement laws for identification purposes, and taking a regression discontinuity approach, we find that older women’s retirement probability is positively associated with an empty nest. We also conclude that an empty nest is negatively associated with older mothers’ marriage probability. There is scope for better targeting of both family and retirement policies for older mothers during those critical years when adult children leave the parental nest.