Marriage Migration Research Articles

결혼이주여성의 가정해체 경험

‘다문화 결혼’으로 일컬어지는 ‘국제결혼’에 대한 수요와 공급은 여성들의 경제적 동기, 한국사회 결혼시장의 불균형과 저출산 문제 등과 맞물리며 지속적으로 증가하여 왔으며, 이에 따른 다문화 이혼 역시 증가하여 왔다. 그러나 가정해체, 이혼 등을 다룬 많은 연구에서는 가정의 위기를 극복하고 가정을 유지하는데 더 초점을 두고 있으며, 본 연구의 대상이기도 한 다문화 가정 결혼이주여성의 이혼 관련 연구는 더욱 그러하다. 하지만 우리 사회에 이미 자리 잡은 결혼이주여성을 진정한 구성원으로 인정하고자 한다면, 다문화 가정의 해체에 대한 직접적인 논의도 필요한 시점이다. 이에 연구자는 가정해체를 경험한 결혼이주여성 4명과의 심층면담을 통해 이들의 경험을 살펴보고, 결혼이주여성들에게 다른 삶의 기회와 가능성을 줄 수 있는 방안 중 하나로 ‘다문화 가정해체’와 ‘다문화 이혼’을 논의해 보고자 하였다. 연구 결과는 가정해체 과정, 결혼생활의 현실 자각, 이혼 이후의 삶 크게 3가지 주제로 최종 범주화하여 살펴볼 수 있었다. 이러한 연구결과를 바탕으로 논의가 이루어졌다.

A Study on Criminal Injury Types of Marriage Migrant Women in Multicultural Families and the POLICE’s Responses

A Study on Criminal Injury Types of Marriage Migrant Women in Multicultural Families and the POLICE’s Responses

결혼이주 여성을 위한 인문학 기반 신체활동 프로그램에 관한 효과성 연구

본 연구는 결혼이주여성을 대상으로 운영된 인문학 기반 신체활동 프로그램의 구성과 내용을 살펴보고, 이 프로그램의 교육 효과와 바람직한 교육 방향을 분석함으로써 결혼이주여성들의 다양한 다문화 교육의 확대와 효과적인 다문화 교육 프로그램 개발에 시사점을 제공하는데 목적이 있다. 이를 위해 C지역 다문화지원센터에서 프로그램에 참여한 이주 여성 3명을 대상으로 면담을 진행하였고, 그 결과를 유목화 하여 분석하였다. 근거이론을 활용하여 분석한 결과는 한국생활에 대한 인식, 스트레스에 대한 대처, 심리적 변화, 신체적 변화의 4가지 항목으로 크게 유목화 할 수 있었다. 그 유목 아래 한국인에 대한 긍정적 인식의 확대, 스트레스에 유연하게 대처하게 되었고 예민함이 줄어듦, 심리적으로 편안해짐, 신체적으로 몸무게가 줄어들고, 피부가 좋아졌으며, 몸의 통증이 사라지는 긍정적인 효과를 확인할 수 있었다. 본 연구 기초로 하여 결혼이주여성을 위한 인문학신체 활동에 대한 체계적인 홍보 시스템, 환류시스템 및 확대 운영을 위한 정책적 노력이 필요하다.

From bargaining to alliance with patriarchy: The role of Taiwanese husbands in marriage migrants' civic organisations in Taiwan

This paper, by looking at the role of Taiwanese citizens in civic organisations for marriage migrants, explores how women's agency and negotiation occur not only against masculine dominance within patriarchal family arrangements, but also in alliance with it, when oppression is located somewhere beyond the family. In contrast to literature that depicts marriage migration as a women's and migrants' issue, this paper explores the role of Taiwanese citizens (often husbands in cross‐border marriages) in shaping the evolution of the phenomenon in both the private and public spheres. The aim of this paper is to fill a gap in empirical literature on marriage migration in Taiwan and East Asia, as well as contribute to feminist debates on women's agency in the context of masculine dominance. Building on ethnographic data collected through fieldwork in Taiwan, including in‐depth interviews and participant observation within civil society organisations for marriage migrants, this paper reveals how Taiwanese male citizens and Chinese female migrants responded to the challenges brought by their decision to engage in cross‐border unions by creating a new narrative that could explain their condition of shared oppression and by developing joint actions to address the structural discrimination they faced as cross‐border couples in Taiwan.

From a Spouse to a Citizen: The Gendered and Sexualized Path to Citizenship for Marriage Migrants in South Korea

Morality has been a key factor in naturalization. However, defining what constitutes good moral character has never been specified, leaving interpretation of the good moral character requirement to the discretion of immigration officials and judges. Based on an analysis of court cases filed by marriage migrants, this article expands our understanding of the legal interpretation of the “good morality” requirement in two significant ways. First, by examining the nature of the morality requirements applied to marriage migrants applying for citizenship, we identify that controlling sexual morality is one of the key mechanisms of gendering the path to legal citizenship. Second, our analysis questions the fairness of the judicial rulings and shows that judges are not reliable allies for immigrant spouses. South Korean judges tend to show great deference to the administrative branch and rarely rule against the decisions of the immigration officials. Further, the rulings tend to follow cultural and gendered, rather than legal, understanding of “good” wives and husbands. Ultimately, in the case of South Korea we show that that marriage migrant moral jurisprudence deviates from the developing jurisprudence that decriminalizes intimate choices and challenges the traditional gender roles within a family.

Effect of Marriage Satisfaction and Community Attachment on Parenting Efficacy of the Married Migrant Women

Effect of Marriage Satisfaction and Community Attachment on Parenting Efficacy of the Married Migrant Women

Mixed marriage and transnational marriage migration in the grip of political economy: Russian-Turkish Case

ABSTRACT Since the early 1990s, marriages between Russian women and Turkish men have become more common. Today, Russian brides have the top place among marriage migrants in Turkey. This study aims to reveal the actors, places, motivations and mechanisms of these marriages, which have changed the social fabric significantly. The study emphasizes the direct effects of political-economic structures on mixed marriage and marriage migrations. In this study, in-depth interviews were held with Russian brides and their Turkish husbands in İstanbul and Antalya. The results show that this 30-year-old marriage pattern has evolved substantially over time, mirroring the two countries’ political economy, and has created its own system that diverges from the global trend in several ways.

결혼이주여성의 여가제약협상 유형과 특성

결혼이주여성의 여가제약협상 유형과 특성

여성결혼이민자의 한국문화수용성이 생활만족도에 미치는 영향: 문화간 감수성을 매개변수로

여성결혼이민자의 한국문화수용성이 생활만족도에 미치는 영향: 문화간 감수성을 매개변수로

사회적 지지가 이혼을 한 결혼이주여성의 우울과 불안에 미치는 영향

본 연구는 이혼을 경험한 결혼이주여성의 사회적 지지가 우울과 불안에 미치는 영향을 보고자 목적을 가진다. 이를 위하여 이혼을 경험한 결혼이주여성을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하여 수집된 87부의 설문 자료를 분석하였다. 연구조사도구는 우울척도(Beck Depression Inventory: BDI), 불안척도(Beck Anxiety Inventory: BAI), 사회적 지지 척도(박지원, 1985)를 활용하였다. 통계처리를 위하여 SPSS 18.0 프로그램을 활용하였다. 조사대상자의 일반적 특성을 파악하기 위하여 빈도분석을 실시하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 우울정도를 16점을 절단점으로 보았을 때 46.5%가 우울한 것으로 나타났으며, 불안수준은 22점을 절단점으로 보았을 때 31%가 불안의 치료적 개입이 필요한 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 학력에 따른 우울ㆍ불안 수준을 살펴보면, 우울은 고등학교가 가장 높게 나타났고, 불안은 학력이 낮을수록 높은 것으로 나타났다. 사회적 지지가 높을수록 우울과 불안의 수준이 낮아지는 것으로 나타나 사회적 지지는 우울과 불안의 수준을 완화하는 데에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 중요한 요인으로 밝혀졌다.

Perceiving and Deflecting Everyday Poverty-Related Shame: Evidence from 35 Female Marriage Migrants in Rural China

<p>This research examines how poverty is perceived and deflected by a group of female cross-provincial marriage migrants in contemporary rural China. It presents accounts of poverty-related shame in everyday village life. Known as migrant wives, respondents in this research have experienced both absolute and relative poverty over the course of their lives. The personal lament of insufficiency and the social discourse of poverty respectively underpin internal and external poverty-related shame. Correspondingly, migrant wives employ strategies of recounting misery and redefining identity to normalise their poverty and their stigmatised social image, hoping to mitigate the psychological and social impacts of shame. This research contributes an empirical analysis to our understanding about the origin, manifestation, and impact of povertyrelated shame, which is usually a neglected consideration in poverty studies. It also sheds light on the gender-specified risks, burdens, and social expectation that affect migrant wives’ perception and experience of poverty.</p>

Bridging colonial feminist discourses and migrant women’s lived realities

Abstract Building on a discourse analysis of both policy documents and media statements by government and political representatives on the entangled topics of marriage migration and integration, this article starts by exploring the factual details and context of emergence of the 2011 renewed Belgian marriage migration policy. It will argue that these restrictive marriage migration policies are informed by the rise of a specific gendered and culturalised political discourse: the growing need to protect and save women ‐ especially when they are Muslim or come from a Muslim background (Ghorashi, 2010; Moors & Vroon-Najem, 2020) ‐ and to determine the purposes for marriage migration in order to combat sham and forced marriage practices. The paper thus moves beyond the written marriage migration policy ‐ and its dominant narrative ‐ and seeks to theoretically contribute to a critical perspective concerning the construction of a colonial feminist discourse in marriage migration policy. The methodological contribution of this paper consists of the work with expert informants or ‘mediators’ (Lutz, 1993, p. 486) in order to challenge this dominant colonial narrative. Therefore, the main focus of this article is a grounded and intersectional analysis of in-depth interviews conducted with mediators working in the Flemish socio-political field of migration and integration. Building on their expertise and positionalities, the analytical part looks at their narratives and arguments of critique concerning tensions and ambivalent characteristics of the policy’s regulations and conditions, and how they affect migrant couples in general and migrant women in particular.

4 Migration research and analysis: Growth, reach and recent contributions

4 Migration research and analysis: Growth, reach and recent contributions

“Fake” or “Real” Marriage? Gender, Age, “Race” and Class in the Construction of Un/desirability of Marriage Migrants in South Korea

This paper examines the link between the regulation of marriage migration and national boundary-making processes in South Korea through the analysis of “fraudulent marriage” discourses. Corresponding to the goals of the Korean government based on the gendered and racialized construction of the Korean nation, populations of marriage migrants are hierarchized according to various intersecting axes of gender, age, class, and “race.” Based on a critical race and intersectional feminist framework and critical security studies, I examine multiple intersections of the social relations, which hierarchize marriage migrants. While certain marriage migrants are constructed as desirable because they embody particular sets of characteristics (namely childbearing female marriage migrants from developing countries), other marriage migrants outside these parameters are actively constructed as undesirable and suspected of fraudulent marriage. The discriminatory distinctions drawn among differentially racialized and gendered marriage migrants raise significant social justice concerns. The article concludes with a brief discussion of strategies pursued by marriage migrants and their Korean spouses to undermine discourses of fraudulent marriages.

China’s Youth in NEET (Not in Education, Employment, or Training): Evidence from a National Survey

This study aims to understand the prevalence and characteristics of individuals aged 16 to 35 who are not in education, employment, or training (NEET) and the risk factors associated with being in NEET in China. The analysis uses the 2012 China Labor-Force Dynamics Survey to show that the NEET rate was 8 percent during the study period. Multilevel logistic regression indicates that women were more likely to be in NEET. Married women and female migrants had significantly higher risks of being in NEET, with migration having opposite effects for men and women. Education had protective effects against being in NEET, especially for women. Age had a nonlinear effect, with individuals aged 22 to 25 at the highest risk of being in NEET. I discuss implications for public policy and directions for future studies on NEET in China.

A Study of Educating Korean Language and Korean Culture to Marriage Migrant women

A Study of Educating Korean Language and Korean Culture to Marriage Migrant women

Marriage migration as happiness projects?: Africa-origin male marriage migrants’ experiences with marriage migration to Australia

ABSTRACT This article focuses on Africa-origin male marriage migrants who settle in Australia through their inter-ethnic relationships with Australian women. Male marriage migrants, many of whom are from lower socio-economic backgrounds, expected to find happiness in their intimate intercultural relationships, and in their new and promising geographical and social contexts. This article is based on extensive interview data with these male marriage migrants and demonstrates that while men imagined that their lives in Australia with their intimate partners would be good, their everyday lived experiences turned out differently. For many of these men, marriage migration undermined their sense of self and understanding of what it means to be a man and a husband. Through the journey of marriage migration, their Australian spouses were bestowed with unforeseen power over them, challenging expected gender roles and resulting in a myriad of dependencies and ultimately unhappiness amongst the men. These findings are significant because male marriage migrants often are assumed to only be marrying for visa purposes instead of romantic reasons. This article investigates the often overlooked experiences of men from African countries who are pursuing Ahmed’s [(2010). The promise of happiness. Durham: Duke University Press.] ‘happiness project’ through marriage migration to Australia, experiences that are a factor in explaining relationship breakdowns.

Marriage migrants’ use of social media

ABSTRACTThis study analyzed the role and impact of social media use on the daily lives of marriage migrants. We empirically examined a moderated mediation model by surveying 201 marriage migrants. This study focused on four key concepts: social stigma, empowerment, self-stigma, and social networks forged via social media such as Facebook, Kakao Talk, LINE, and Viber. The results confirmed that the detrimental effect of social stigma can be mitigated by robust social networks, and a greater feeling of empowerment resulted in less self-stigma. Consequently, social networks through social media acted as a buffer against negative public opinion or any belittling views. Furthermore, solid social networks were linked to feelings of support and empowerment.

Family rights-claiming as act of citizenship: an intersectional perspective on the performance of intimate citizenship

ABSTRACT Ethnographic and biographical research conducted with mixed-status couples and non-governmental organisations in France and Belgium provides insights into how the citizen partners of mixed-status relationships define and assert their family rights. In response to injustices suffered, from the state or from the migrant (non-citizen) partner, these citizens turned to organisations with contrasting discourses on marriage migration. These organisations encouraged them to participate in collective actions, and to give voice to their intimate experiences. Drawing on accounts of ‘intimate citizenship’, this article explores the citizenship-belonging nexus through lenses of performativity and intersectionality. Gender and ethnicity interact to influence interactions between citizen partners and the state, the tension between their virtual and actual social identities, and – ultimately – their assertions of citizenship, with personal status underpinning public claims. By speaking and acting in the name of their private lives and choices, these citizen partners affirm their (intimate) citizenship through its public performance.

Filipina Marriage Migrants’ Experiences of Human Rights Violation in South Korea and Their Negotiations across Structural Constraints

Filipina Marriage Migrants’ Experiences of Human Rights Violation in South Korea and Their Negotiations across Structural Constraints