Market Variables Research Articles

Understanding the implications of successive waves of currency devaluation and associated government reforms for real estate market

ABSTRACT In response to economic hurdles, several countries turn to devaluing their national currencies as a way to cope with economic difficulties. Such acts have a variety of effects on many industries, including real estate, which has led to multiple institutional and regulatory reformations aiming at minimising these effects. This paper uses a system thinking methodology that emphasises underpinning relationships among all entangled components to examine how such reforms affect minimising risks associated with currency devaluation on the real estate market. This paper uses this methodology beyond linear cause-effect analyses to consider interactions and interconnectedness in order to give some insights to gain: The impact of the currency devaluation on the real estate market based on Egyptian recent situation. The unintended consequences of government reforms on real estate market variables Solution leverage points where to intervene in the system. Holistic understanding which enables decision makers to see a wider picture and factors. Egypt has faced severe fluctuations in the economic climate, which has entailed a sharp devaluation of the currency three times between 2016 and 2023 (which could be considered a special aggressive case study between countries due to repetitiveness and effects). The effects of this devaluation have extended to all sectors, and the most important of these effects was severe challenges that faced the real estate market performance. The Real Estate market (REM) recently in Egypt has faced huge recession of transactions of the market. This research focuses on understanding the relations of reforms of the regulations which is designed to give a comprehensive overview of the government reforms of RE business, and how it has been interacting with the ramifications of those currency devaluation impacts.

Multifactor conditional equity premium model: Evidence from China's stock market

There is mixed evidence of a positive relationship between the stock market risk and return. We reexamine this critical implication of asset pricing theory using fresh data from China's stock market, which is largely segmented from the rest of the global financial market. Using formal variable selection methods and a comprehensive set of predictor variables, we identify conditional market variance, scaled market prices, and inflation as crucial determinants of equity premiums. The estimated simple risk-return relationship exhibits downward omitted variable bias, which underlines the importance of considering multiple factors to explain the variation in equity premiums. We cannot wholly attribute the three-factor conditional equity premium model to data mining, as Guo, Sanni, and Yu (2022) select the same model for the U.S. stock market. These findings challenge existing asset pricing models and provide valuable guidance for future theoretical research.

The Influence Of Consumer Behavior, Service Quality And Digital Marketing On Usage Decisions Pelni Passenger Ship Transfer Services

This study aims to analyze the influence of consumer behavior, service quality and digital marketing on the decision to use PELNI passenger ship transportation services. The research method used in this study is a quantitative descriptive method with the population in this study, namely users of PELNI passenger ship transportation services. The sampling method in this study is purposive sampling. The sample in this study was 100 respondents with the criteria of passengers who used PELNI ship transportation services at least 2 (two) times during 2019, and passengers who purchased tickets at the Jakarta counter or through online applications. The data used in this study were primary data in the form of questionnaires and processed using SPSS version 23. The data analysis technique used is multiple linear regression analysis. The results showed that Consumer Behavior variables, Service Quality variables and Digital Marketing variables had a positive and significant effect on the Decision to Use PELNI passenger ship transportation services.

Pengaruh Content Marketing, Live Streaming dan Flash Sale terhadap Impulse Buying pada Pengguna Aplikasi Tiktok Shop di Surabaya: Studi pada Pengguna Tahun 2022-2023

The presence of the internet is necessary for businesses, which makes it an important platform for modern sales and marketing. TikTok is often an efficient social media platform for online marketing. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of content marketing, live streaming, flash sales on impulse buying in TikTok Shop application users in Surabaya. The type of research used is quantitative research. The population in this study were all TikTok Shop application users in 2022 to 2023 who live in Surabaya using a sample of 200 respondents. The sampling method used is non probability sampling and the sampling technique is purposive sampling. Multiple linear regression analysis was applied to analyze the data tested with SPSS version 25. The results of this study state that content marketing, live streaming, and flash sales have a significant effect on impulse buying. Content marketing, live streaming, and flash sale variables are valid and reliable variables. Simultaneously, the variables of content marketing, live streaming and flash have a positive and significant effect on impulse buying. Partially, content marketing and flash variables have a positive and significant effect on impulse buying. While the flash sale variable has no effect on impulse buying

Analysis of Consumer Satisfaction with Digital Marketing and Service Quality

The purpose of this study was to determine the condition of the digital marketing variables, service quality and customer satisfaction at Brits Hotel Karawang KARAWANG. In addition, this study aims to determine how much influence digital marketing has on customer satisfaction, the effect of service quality on customer satisfaction, and the effect of digital marketing and service quality on customer satisfaction. This research is a sample study conducted by consumers as respondents in the study, to collect data using a questionnaire with a total of 100 respondents consisting of consumers and visitors to Café and Resto Karawang. The analysis method used is quantitative method with descriptive analysis and verification analysis. To process the data, the authors used the help of the Microsoft Excel 2016 program and SPSS 22 For Windows. The results of the research that has been done state that digital marketing is in the criteria quite well, service quality is in the criteria quite well and customer satisfaction is also in the criteria quite well. The T test results show that digital marketing partially affects customer satisfaction, service quality partially affects customer satisfaction. The results of the F test show that digital marketing and service quality simultaneously affect customer satisfaction. To get better customer satisfaction, Brits Hotel Karawang KARAWANG must pay more attention to digital marketing and service quality simultaneously. Because these two variables play an important role in customer satisfaction

Keputusan Pembelian Ditinjau dari Pemasaran TikTok, Citra Merek dan Rating Toko Sinar Kosmetik Sragen

This study aims to determine and explain the influence of TikTok Marketing, Brand Image and Ratings on Customer Purchasing Decisions of Sinar Cosmetics Sragen. The research method uses quantitative research, in the form of a questionnaire. The population in this study were customers of Sinar Cosmetics Shop, Sragen City, who had made online or offline purchases. Of the 900 populations, 90 respondents were taken as a sample using non-probability techniques. The data used in this study is primary data in the form of questionnaires filled out by respondents. The analytical method used is quantitative analysis, multiple linear regression, F test, t test and the coefficient of determination. Based on these research findings, that TikTok Marketing, Brand Image and Ratings have a positive and simultaneous effect on Purchase Decisions. TikTok Marketing, Ratings have a positive and significant effect on purchasing decisions while Brand Image has no positive and significant effect. Purchasing decisions can be explained by the TikTok Marketing variables, brand image and ratings of 31.5%. From the results of multiple linear regression analysis, it is known that the most dominant variable is TikTok Marketing.

HOW TO INFLUENCER AND VIRAL MARKETING INCREASE PURCHASE INTENTION

Heaven Scent is a business engaged in the perfumery industry and was established in 2021. Various marketing efforts made by Heaven Scent are promotions using influencer marketing and viral marketing. This study was conducted to determine the effect of influencer marketing and viral marketing on purchase intention in products from Heaven Scent. This type of research uses quantitative method research methods with the population, namely followers of Instagram @heavenscentindonesia. Data collection was carried out by questionnaire by Google Form distributed to Heaven Scent social media followers. Sampling using purposive sampling with a sample size of 100 respondents. The data analysis method used in this research is Statistical Product and Service Solution (SPSS) with multiple linear regression analysis method. The results show that the variables of influencer marketing (X1) and viral marketing (X2) have a significant effect on purchase intention, The conclusion that can be drawn from this study is that influencer marketing and influencer marketing variables affect the purchase intention of Heaven Scent products. 

STRATEGIES TO IMPROVE THE PERFORMANCE OF MSME’s IN KUNINGAN REGENCY

This study examines the variables of Affiliate Marketing, Viral Marketing, Sales Volume, and Sales Performance. Conducted in Kuningan Regency, West Java, with a population of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in the region, the number of research samples was 160. The type of research used is Quantitative Descriptive with Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) as the analysis model. The results showed a significant influence between Affiliate Marketing and Viral Marketing on Sales Volume. However, there is no significant influence between Affiliate Marketing and Sales Performance. In contrast, Viral Marketing is proven to have a significant influence on Sales Performance. In addition, Sales Volume is shown to have a significant influence on Sales Performance. The findings contribute to practical understanding for MSMEs and related parties in optimising marketing strategies, especially through SEM model analysis. This study also identifies the existence of indirect effects, showing that both Affiliate Marketing and Viral Marketing have an influence on Sales Performance through the intermediary variable of Sales Volume

The Effectiveness of Digital Marketing in Fostering Consumer Buying Interest during the Covid-19 Pandemic (Case Study on Shopee E-Commerce Users at University of Merdeka Malang, Indonesia)

This study aims to determine the effectiveness of Shopee's digital marketing in growing people's buying interest. This research uses descriptive and quantitative methods, using a Likert scale as a measure. The sampling method uses a non-probability sample. The data analysis method used in this research article is simple linear regression analysis, which is processed using SPSS software. The population in this study were students of Merdeka University Malang, and the sample studied was 70 samples. The results of this study have proven that digital marketing variables have a large positive effect on consumer purchase intentions.

Macroeconomic conditions and bank failure

AbstractUtilizing a simple time‐varying hazard model, we incorporate nationwide and state‐level economic variables with banking‐industry and bank‐level data to examine U.S. bank failures during 1977–2019. We find that bank‐level financial conditions are more essential in predicting bank failure, although macro factors affect the failure likelihood of vulnerable banks. We also find that banking‐industry market variables are significant predictors. Unlike bank systemic funding cost whose predictive power is subsumed in the presence of macroeconomic variables, banking‐industry market performance has a significantly independent predictive power on bank failure. This finding is novel to existing literature of bank‐failure forecast and has important policy implications.

TREND ANALYSIS OF UGANDA’S COFFEE SECTOR

Coffee (Coffea arabica and C. canephora) is an important commercial crop globally, and the second most traded global commodity by developing nations after oil. Uganda is among the top 10 coffee exporters worldwide, and second in Africa. The total export amounted to 301,366 tons of “green” coffee in 2021, forming the second-largest commodity export, and contributing about 12.4% to Uganda’s total formal exports. However, the country’s overall performance over time remains unclear given the fluctuations in production and export prices. This study aimed to evaluate the production and export trends of Uganda’s coffee sector by: (i) defining the overall direction of coffee production and export value, (ii) assessing the market variability, and (iii) evaluating the global cross-cutting issues regarding coffee production and export. Data was extracted from FAOSTAT and Uganda Coffee Development Authority (UCDA) databases. Trends were analysed using the Mann-Kendall and Sen’s Slope test, while market variability was analyzed using the fixed base index (FBI) and coefficient of variation. VOSviewer software was used to analyze literature from the Web of Science database to highlight cross-cutting issues. Results indicated a significant positive increase in coffee production and export value (p = 0.0001, Slope = 1736.67 tons and p = 0.001, Slope = 4.44 million USD) respectively. Among the top ten coffee producers, Uganda presented the third worst unstable coffee export value with a 20.1% coefficient of variation. Fairtrade, climate change, and certification were the most outstanding global cross-cutting issues. Market stabilization mechanisms should be developed through value addition by establishing coffee processing and roasting plants, as well as strategic governance and policy support to counter emerging global challenges such as climate change.

The Influence of Viral Marketing and Halal Awareness on Purchasing Decisions at The Mie Gacoan Branch Dr. Mansyur Medan

This study was conducted to determine the effect of viral marketing and halal awareness on purchasing decisions at the Dr. Mansyur Medan branch of Mie Gacoan. In this study using quantitative research, quantitative research can be interpreted as a research method based on the philosophy of positivism, used to research on certain populations or samples, characteristics and relationships between variables whose data collection techniques use questionnaires. Data collection in this study was carried out through distributing questionnaires using a Likert scale. The sample in this study were Gacoan Noodle Consumers totaling 97 respondents. The technique used to analyze data using Multiple Linear Regression Analysis with the help of SPSS Software. The results showed that the partial test of viral marketing variables had a positive and significant effect on purchasing decisions at Mie Gacoan, Dr. Mansyur Medan branch. The halal awareness variable has a positive and significant effect on purchasing decisions at Mie Gacoan, Dr. Mansyur Medan branch, and in the simultaneous test the viral marketing variable and the halal awareness variable together have a positive and significant effect on purchasing decisions at Mie Gacoan, Dr. Mansyur Medan branch. In the Coefficient of Determination test, the Adjusted R Square value is 0.562 (56.2%) and the rest is influenced by other factors.

Mobile Marketing and Consumer’s Purchase Decisions among Students of Tertiary Institutions in Akwa Ibom State

This study was carried out to assess the relationship between mobile marketing and purchase decisions of students in the tertiary institutions. The researchers adopted a survey research technique in the study. The population size was students of three tertiary institutions in Akwa Ibom State and a sample size of 366 employees was studied. The mobile marketing variables (independent variables) considered in the study were Short Message Service, Mobile Website and Social Media Marketing. The dependent variable was Consumer’s Purchase Decision. Research questions were answered using frequency, mean and standard deviation. The hypotheses stated were tested using Spearman Correlation Coefficient at a 5% level of significance. From the data analysis, the major findings revealed a positive and significant relationship between the dimensions of mobile marketing variables (Short Message Service, Mobile Website and Social Media Marketing) and consumer’s purchase decision of Nigerian students in the tertiary institutions. From the findings, it was concluded that there was a positive and significant relationship between mobile marketing and consumer’s purchase decision of Nigerian students in Akwa Ibom State. In line with this, it was recommended that companies should endeavor to influence their customers’ purchase decisions by making their products accessible through mobile devices platforms to interact with their customers and keep them informed of new product features.

Do corporate credit spreads predict the real economy?

We evaluate whether corporate credit-spreads measures contain predictive information about the real U.S. economy in a comprehensive specification that includes financial sectors’ profitability, stock and bond market. We find that corporate credit spreads contain no predictive information about U.S. real GDP or consumption and that corporate credit spreads have minimal information about forthcoming recessions. In comparison, the financial sector’s profitability, the Treasury bond and stock market variables contain leading information about recessions, consumption and real GDP.

Pengaruh Brand Image, Brand Experience dan Influencer Marketing Terhadap Keputusan Pembelian Konsumen Melalui Minat Beli Sebagai Variabel Intervening Pada Produk Kecantikan Scarlett Whitening

This research was conducted with the aim of showing the influence of brand image, brand experience and influencer marketing on purchasing decisions with the purchase interest variable being the intervening variable. This study uses a quantitative approach. The research population is Scarlett Whitening consumers in Jakarta, the total of which is not known for certain. Sampling used purposive sampling technique and obtained 90 samples. The data analysis technique uses path analysis. The research results show that brand image has no influence on purchasing decisions. Brand image also has no influence on purchasing interest. Brand experience has a significant positive influence on purchasing decisions and purchasing interest. Influencer marketing variables have no influence on purchasing decisions. Influencer marketing influences purchasing interest. Then the purchase interest variable has no influence on purchasing decisions. Meanwhile, the results of research on mediation (intervening) variable tests produce that brand image, brand experience and influencer marketing have an influence through purchasing interest on purchasing decisions. This research can be used by companies in deciding policies and developing strategies in maintaining a good brand image from consumer perception, and using brand experience and influencer marketing to promote products.

Comparative Analysis of the Volatility Structures of the Stock Prices of Energy Companies Traded on the Kazakhstan Stock Exchange and International Gold and Oil Prices

The return of its stock exchange and the companies traded within are one of the important indicators for a national economy. Due to the global structure of stock markets, returns are closely related to both national and international market variables. This study makes a comparative analysis of the volatility structures of the energy companies traded in the Kazakhstan Stock Exchange (KASE) and the combined stock market index and gold and oil prices in international markets for the period between January 01, 2021, and June 31, 2023. The research focused on two issues. The first is the analysis of the volatility structure of the six series examined. For this purpose, four different models were examined. The second focus is to determine whether the returns in international indices have a causal effect on the Kazakhstan stock market (composite stock market index) and the returns of oil and energy companies traded in the stock market. The results revealed that other indices and returns have a similar variable variance structure, except for the KASE. The relevant coefficient estimation was found to be significant in both conditional standard deviation models for the KASE index. The coefficient estimate of the GARCH-M(1,1) model in the OIL index was significant, whereas conditional standard deviation models and the relevant coefficients of both conditional standard deviation models were found to be statistically insignificant in the other returns. This is an indication of the structural compatibility of Kazakhstan's stock market composite index and energy and oil companies with international markets. Furthermore, the causality analysis results showing that international indices have a causal effect on KASE and KZAP is another indicator that the Kazakhstan market works in harmony with the international markets.

Influence of Emotional Marketing and Sharia Marketing on Consumer Decisions in Purchasing Waqf Policy Insurance Products (Case Study at PT Asuransi Syariah Keluarga Indonesia)

Abstract. The development of sharia economics and finance has experienced significant developments in recent years. This is marked by several main developments in the financial sector and sharia financial instruments, which are increasingly varied and diversifying to meet the diverse needs of the public or customers. One of the sharia financial institutions that is experiencing development is sharia insurance. The sharia insurance industry has become an integral part of modern society's lives. In the midst of the various choices of sharia insurance products, innovation in sharia insurance products combined with waqf instruments is one of the good things for the expansion of sharia financial instruments. Companies marketing waqf insurance policies face increasingly complex challenges to understand, reach, and win the hearts of consumers. The decision to purchase a waqf policy insurance product no longer only revolves around financial considerations but also includes emotional dimensions and deep religious values. This research aims to determine the influence of emotional marketing and sharia marketing on consumer decisions in purchasing policy waqf insurance products using the method used by researchers, namely associative research with a quantitative approach. This research used a sample of 40 respondents with 19 questionnaire statements. In this study, the model used uses a linear regression model involving more than one independent variable or predictor (multiple linear regression). This research shows that, partially or simultaneously, the emotional marketing and sharia marketing variables are stated to have a significant influence on consumer decisions in purchasing waqf insurance policies. This is obtained from the coefficient of determination value in the very strong category, which is between 0.80 and 1,000, with an adjusted R square result of 0.818, or around 81.8%, influencing consumer decisions and the remaining 18.2% being influenced by other variables outside of this research.
 Keywords: Emotional Marketing, Sharia Marketing, Consumer Decisions, Waqf Insurance Policies.

Pengaruh Perilaku Konsumen Terhadap Keputusan Pembelian Produk, Harga, Dan Promosi

Technology is changing the times, and in the future this change is accompanied by an increase in diverse needs and desires, especially shopping needs. Related to this, it also affects the behavior patterns of consumers who make decisions in buying a product. The company has the opportunity to make a profit to maintain its business continuity if the level of sales to consumers is high, whereas if the level of sales to consumers is low, the company will lose money and will ultimately fail to survive. Market competition expects companies to find ways to make their products sell well in the market and have a place in the hearts of buyers. The results of the literature review show that product, price, and promotion affect consumer behavior. This is expected to provide insight to marketers to understand and meet consumer preferences and develop more effective strategies to optimize the most influential marketing variables.
 Keywords: Consumer Behavior, Product, Price, And Promotion

How Global Macroeconomic Uncertainty Affects the Equity Risk Premium

This paper introduces a new measure for global macroeconomic uncertainty that captures both upside and downside risks using a no-arbitrage asset pricing framework. The study uses a dynamic panel threshold model to analyze quarterly data from 20 countries between 1996 and 2020, incorporating macroeconomic and financial market variables, as well as risk aversion factors. The findings reveal a significant nonlinear effect of global uncertainty on stock risk premiums. High global uncertainty increases the premium investors require for global market risks but decreases it for local market risks. The study also indicates that during uncertain times, investors display risk-averse and liquidity-seeking behavior, opting for safer and more liquid assets. The impact of global macroeconomic uncertainty on stock risk premiums is found to be long-lasting.

The Effect of Digital Marketing (Digital Marketing in Android Platform) on Brand Awareness on E-Commerce

Digital marketing is no longer a new thing. This is because the ease of access to existing digital information does not limit marketing. What’s more, there are many digital marketing books and journals that can be used as references. Besides, we are living in digital era where we can access all the information whether we need it or not. Life is becoming easier with all the technologies that we have nowadays. In this research, the author explains the digital marketing that use android as its implementation. In Indonesia, there are two big online transportation apps that most Indonesian citizens use on a daily basis. They are GOJEK and GRAB BIKE. These apps also offer several facilities to small business to market their products. It is called GOFOOD and GRABFOOD. With this, GOJEK and GRAB bike have really helped small businesses to survive specially during the time of pandemic. This study aims to determine the effects of digital marketing on brand awareness. While the independent variables are Go Food (X1) and Grab Food (X2), the dependent variable is brand awareness (Y). The study uses multiple linier analysis techniques. For data collections, researches used an online questionnaire via Google Forms. The result showed that digital marketing variables using Go Food and Grab Food had a significant influence on brand awareness.
 Keywords: digital marketing, Android platform, brand awareness, e-commerce